Beam synthesis scanning system based on fiber laser phased array

Abstract

The invention provides a light beam synthesis scanning system based on an optical fiber laser phased array, which utilizes a large-angle high-precision light beam scanning array formed by cascading a self-adaptive optical fiber collimator (1-2) and a micro-lens array scanner (1-1) to realize rapid, efficient and large-deflection-angle confocal scanning pointing control under the action of a confocal scanning control platform (1-3). By using the phase modulator array (2-1), under the action of the co-phase synthesis control platform (2-2), stable and efficient co-phase synthesis of array light beams is realized, and finally large-angle high-precision electric control scanning of the synthesized light beams is realized. The invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, modularization and expandability; an equivalent large aperture can be constructed by increasing the number of arrays, and the manufacturing difficulty and cost are reduced; the system has the functions of large dynamic range, high precision and rapid deflection, and can compensate the atmospheric turbulence effect in a transmitting or receiving system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of photoelectric detection technology, and in particular relates to a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array, which can be used in application scenarios such as laser efficient transmission, free space optical communication, and laser radar. Background Art

[0002] As one of the important technologies of optical phased array, fiber laser phased array is an effective way to achieve high brightness, high power and high beam quality laser output. Fiber laser phased array achieves co-phase and coaxial output of array beams by controlling the piston and tilt phase of each sub-aperture in the fiber laser array to improve the quality of the synthesized beam. At present, the main research direction of fiber laser phased array is coherent synthesis of lasers. However, with the continuous extension of coherent synthesis in application scenarios such as efficient laser transmission and space optical communication, the traditional mechanical scanning method used by fiber laser phased array can no longer meet the flexible and fast pointing requirements of the synthesized beam. Therefore, it is urgent to use the fully electrically controlled scanning method in optical phased array technology instead of the traditional mechanical scanning method to enable the fiber laser phased array system to achieve high-power laser generation and high-speed beam deflection capabilities.

[0003] The concept of adaptive photonic phase-locked elements (APPLE) was first proposed in 2005. Its purpose is to increase the laser output power through fiber laser arrays and improve the beam control speed and accuracy by using fully electrically controlled beam scanning (M.Vorontsov, “Adaptive Photonics Phase-Locked Elements (APPLE): System Architecture and Wavefront Control Concept,” Proc. SPIE 5895, 589501 (2005)). Subsequently, the Institute of Optoelectronics Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences achieved customized beam scanning and stable and continuous tracking and pointing at the target position by controlling a fiber laser array based on an adaptive fiber collimator cascaded piezoelectric ring fiber phase modulator (X.Li, C. Geng, et al., “Coherent beam combining of collimated fiber array basedon target-in-the-loop technique,” ​​Proc. of SPIE 8178, 81780M (2011). X. Yang,G. Huang, et al., “Continuous tracking and pointing of coherent beamcombining system via target-in-the-loop concept,” IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 33(20), 1119-1122(2021)). However, due to the scale range of the subaperture spacing of the fiber laser array and the scanning capability of the adaptive fiber collimator itself, only small-angle beam deflection of the order of hundreds of μrad was achieved. In 2020, the Institute of Optoelectronics Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences proposed an invention patent called "A scanning system based on a microlens array group and an adaptive fiber collimator" (patent number: 202010722598.0), but it can only achieve large-angle and high-precision deflection of a single-aperture laser, and the aperture expansion capability is limited.

[0004] The present invention combines micro-optical technology, fiber optics technology, adaptive optics technology, optical phased array technology and coherent synthesis technology, and proposes a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array to achieve large-angle, high-precision, high-speed and high-quality electronically controlled scanning of the synthetic beam of a large-aperture fiber laser phased array. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional mechanical scanning method adopted by the existing fiber laser phased array can no longer meet the flexible, fast and high-precision pointing requirements of the synthetic light beam. The present invention overcomes the problem that the traditional fiber laser phased array can only realize beam scanning with large rotational inertia, high power consumption and low flexibility, breaks through the scanning capability limitation of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and realizes the large-angle, high-precision, high-speed and high-quality synthetic light beam scanning technology of the fiber laser phased array through the cascaded microlens array scanner 1-1.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array, the system comprising: a confocal scanning module 1 and a common phase synthesis module 2; wherein the confocal scanning module 1 is composed of a microlens array scanner 1-1, an adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and a confocal scanning control platform 1-3, the microlens array scanner 1-1 is cascaded at the front end of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and the confocal scanning control platform 1-3 is connected to the microlens array scanner 1-1 and the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2; wherein the common phase synthesis module 2 is composed of a phase modulator 2-1 and a common phase synthesis control platform 2-2, and the common phase synthesis control platform 2-2 is connected to the phase modulator The adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 is connected to the phase modulator 2-1; wherein: the microlens array scanner 1-1 is used to generate a discrete addressing scanning beam with a large angle; the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 can generate a continuous addressing scanning beam with a small angle, which is used to compensate for the discrete addressing scanning of the microlens array scanner 1-1; the confocal scanning control platform 1-3 is used to apply a driving signal to the microlens array scanner 1-1 and the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2; the phase modulator 2-1 is used to compensate for the piston phase difference between the array apertures to achieve the common phase synthesis of the array beam; the common phase synthesis control platform 2-2 is used to apply a driving signal to the phase modulator 2-1.

[0007] The optical fiber laser phased array-based beam synthesis scanning system adopts a collaborative control method to achieve a single aperture envelope factor by collaboratively adjusting the relative positions between the microlens arrays of the microlens array scanner 1-1, the offset position of the optical fiber end face of the adaptive optical fiber collimator 1-2, and the piston phase between the units of the phase modulator 2-1. , single aperture grid factor and the multi-aperture grid factor The synchronous movement of the fiber laser phased array can achieve large-angle continuous scanning of a stable synthetic beam within a certain range, and the corresponding far-field light intensity distribution is:

[0008] ;

[0009] Wherein, d is the output aperture of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, is the focal length of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and are the offsets of the fiber end face along the x and y axes, respectively, k is the wave number, is the wavelength, l is the center distance between adjacent sub-lenses in the microlens array, w is the effective output aperture of the sub-lenses in the microlens array, is the focal length of the microlens sub-lens, and are the relative displacements of the microlens along the x and y axes, represents the convolution calculation, and represents the far-field spatial frequency after Fourier transformation of the near-field beam, and z is the transmission distance; is the first-order Bessel function, comb is the comb function, and represents the coordinates of the nth subaperture, It represents the piston phase loaded on the nth sub-aperture, π is pi, exp is the natural exponential function, ∑ is the summation symbol, n=1 means n starts from 1, and N means it starts to N.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial technical effects:

[0011] 1. The present invention overcomes the problem that the traditional fiber laser phased array relies on a turntable to achieve beam scanning with large rotational inertia, high power consumption and low flexibility, breaks through the scanning capability limitation of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and realizes the large-angle, high-precision, high-speed and high-quality synthetic beam scanning technology of the fiber laser phased array through a cascaded microlens array scanner, with excellent comprehensive performance.

[0012] 2. The present invention can realize a large-aperture laser receiving system and laser emitting system by means of array splicing, thereby reducing the volume, weight and cost, and having strong scalability and practicality.

[0013] 3. The confocal scanning module 1 of the present invention adopts the technology of adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 cascaded microlens array scanner 1-1, and can achieve large-angle, high-precision and high-speed light beam reception or emission with a relative displacement of hundreds of microns.

[0014] 4. The common-phase synthesis module 2 of the present invention can quickly compensate the piston phase between each sub-aperture to achieve a stable and high-quality common-phase synthesis spot.

[0015] 5. The present invention can correct the wavefront tilt and piston aberration, perform coherent beam combination on the light beam to enhance the transmitted or received light energy, improve the light beam quality, and can be applied to long-distance and ultra-long-distance laser transmission links.

[0016] 6. The coordinated control device of the microlens array scanner 1-1, the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 and the phase modulator 2-1 in the present invention has independent driving and control modules, does not require decoupling, and has simple system control.

[0017] 7. The present invention adopts a modular design structure, which can be used independently or in an array according to the actual application scenario, and has strong flexibility and environmental adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the organizational structure of a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array of the present invention, wherein: 1-confocal scanning module, 1-1-microlens array scanner, 1-2-adaptive fiber collimator, 1-3-confocal scanning control platform, 2-common phase synthesis module, 2-1-phase modulator, 2-2-common phase synthesis control platform;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a phase control model used in a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array of the present invention; wherein (a) is a sawtooth tilt phase control model, (b) is a step piston phase control model, and (c) is a continuous tilt phase control model, that is, the sawtooth tilt phase is compensated to a continuous tilt phase by a step piston phase;

[0020] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array using a collaborative control method to achieve continuous stable scanning and beam synthesis; wherein (a) is a single aperture envelope factor in an initial static state, (b) is a single aperture grid factor in an initial static state, (c) is a multi-aperture grid factor in an initial static state, (d) is a far-field light intensity distribution in an initial static state obtained by mutual modulation of (a), (b), and (c), (e) is a single aperture envelope factor in a scanning and synthesis state, (f) is a single aperture grid factor in a scanning and synthesis state, (g) is a multi-aperture network factor in a scanning and synthesis state, and (h) is a far-field light intensity distribution in a scanning and synthesis state obtained by mutual modulation of (e), (f), and (g);

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array for realizing double-end bidirectional reception and transmission according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the radial plane array arrangement of a beam synthesis scanning system array based on a fiber laser phased array of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the radial free aperture curved surface arrangement of a beam synthesis scanning system array based on a fiber laser phased array of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. The structure and connection method of the optical fiber laser phased array-based beam synthesis scanning system of the present invention in a specific implementation are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a confocal scanning module 1 and a common phase synthesis module 2; wherein the confocal scanning module 1 is composed of a microlens array scanner 1-1, an adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and a confocal scanning control platform 1-3, the microlens array scanner 1-1 is cascaded at the front end of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and the confocal scanning control platform 1-3 is connected to the microlens array scanner 1-1 and the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2; wherein the common phase synthesis module 2 is composed of a phase modulator 2-1 and a common phase synthesis control platform 2-2, and the common phase synthesis control platform 2-2 is connected to the phase modulator 2-1; wherein the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 is connected to the phase modulator 2-1. Among them: the microlens array scanner 1-1 is used to generate a discrete addressing scanning beam with a large angle; the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 can generate a continuous addressing scanning beam with a small angle, which is used to compensate for the discrete addressing scanning of the microlens array scanner 1-1; the confocal scanning control platform 1-3 is used to apply a driving signal to the microlens array scanner 1-1 and the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2; the phase modulator 2-1 is used to compensate for the piston phase difference between the array apertures to achieve the common phase synthesis of the array beam; the common phase synthesis control platform 2-2 is used to apply a driving signal to the phase modulator 2-1.

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a phase control model used in a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array of the present invention; when controlling a multi-aperture array composed of N adaptive fiber collimators 1-2 cascaded microlens array scanners 1-1 to achieve beam scanning, its phase control model is Figure 2 The sawtooth tilted phase control model shown in (a) realizes beam scanning by changing the optical path difference of the tilted phase array. This control model can only realize discrete addressing scanning. When the phase modulator array 2-1 is controlled to realize beam scanning, its phase control model is Figure 2The stepped piston control model shown in (b) realizes beam scanning by changing the piston phase difference between adjacent apertures. The scanning range of this control model is limited by the emission sub-aperture spacing of the fiber laser phased array system, and only small-angle beam scanning can be realized. When the collaborative control model of the present invention is used to realize beam scanning, its principle diagram is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 The continuous tilt phase control model shown in (c) realizes large-angle confocal scanning of the array beam by controlling the array tilt phase formed by N adaptive fiber collimators 1-2 cascaded microlens array scanner 1-1, and at the same time compensates the piston phase between each sub-aperture through the phase modulator array 2-1, and compensates the scanning beam array to a continuous tilt phase, so as to realize a continuous, stable and high-quality common-phase synthetic beam.

[0026] As an example, the microlens array scanner 1-1 used in the system takes a Kepler structure as an example; the system implements large-angle continuous scanning of the synthetic light beam using a collaborative control method, and the far-field light intensity distribution of the system's output light beam is:

[0027] ;

[0028] Wherein, d is the output aperture of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, is the focal length of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and are the offsets of the fiber end face along the x and y axes, respectively, k is the wave number, is the wavelength, l is the center distance between adjacent sub-lenses in the microlens array, w is the effective output aperture of the sub-lenses in the microlens array, is the focal length of the microlens sub-lens, and are the relative displacements of the microlens along the x and y axes, represents the convolution calculation, and represents the far-field spatial frequency after Fourier transformation of the near-field beam, and z is the transmission distance; is the first-order Bessel function, comb is the comb function, and represents the coordinates of the nth subaperture, represents the piston phase loaded on the nth sub-aperture, π is pi, exp is the natural exponential function, ∑ is the summation symbol, n=1 means n starts from 1, and N means it starts from N; is the single aperture envelope factor, is the single aperture grid factor, is the multi-aperture grid factor.

[0029] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3(a) is the single aperture envelope factor in the initial static state, (b) is the single aperture grid factor in the initial static state, and (c) is the multi-aperture grid factor in the initial static state. Figure 3 (d) is Figure 3 The far-field light intensity distribution in the initial static state is obtained after mutual modulation of (a), (b), and (c). Figure 3 (e) is the single aperture envelope factor under scanning and synthesis state, (f) is the single aperture grid factor under scanning and synthesis state, (g) is the multi-aperture network factor under scanning and synthesis state, Figure 3 The (h) is Figure 3 The far-field light intensity distribution in the scanning and synthesis states is obtained after mutual modulation of (e), (f), and (g). By cooperatively adjusting the relative positions between the microlens arrays of the microlens array scanner 1-1, the offset position of the fiber end face of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and the piston phase between the units of the phase modulator 2-1, the single aperture envelope factor, the single aperture grid factor, and the multi-aperture grid factor are moved synchronously, and finally a large-angle continuous scanning of the synthesized light beam is achieved.

[0030] According to the above analysis, the scanning angle of the system is determined by the relative position between the microlens arrays of the microlens array scanner 1-1 and the offset position of the fiber end face of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2. ; Within the scanning field of view of the system, the condition for continuous scanning is , ,in represents the discrete order change of the single aperture grid factor; the beam synthesis condition that satisfies the stability of the system array is that the piston phase loaded on the nth subunit , where s is the distance between adjacent subunits and k is the wave number.

[0031] The optical fiber laser phased array-based beam synthesis scanning system can be used as a receiving end and a transmitting end of a laser transmission link. Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array for realizing two-end bidirectional reception and transmission, which realizes two-end bidirectional reception and transmission of a laser transmission system. The beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array can effectively overcome the influence of atmospheric turbulence in signal transmission by using an optimization algorithm to control the tilt phase of the microlens array scanner 1-1 and the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2, and the piston phase of the phase modulator 2-1; the optimization control algorithm used to compensate for the tilt and piston phase includes a random parallel gradient descent algorithm, a hill climbing method, a multi-jitter method, a single jitter method, a genetic algorithm, a simulated annealing algorithm, a particle swarm algorithm, a neural network algorithm, an evolutionary algorithm or other algorithms.

[0032] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the radial plane array arrangement of a beam synthesis scanning system array based on a fiber laser phased array of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a radial free aperture curved surface arrangement of a beam synthesis scanning system array based on a fiber laser phased array of the present invention. It is easy to understand that the radial arrangement of the system array can be a planar array arrangement or a free aperture curved surface arrangement; the premise of using the free aperture curved surface arrangement is that the system can compensate for the optical path difference between the arrays; the free aperture curved surface arrangement has the characteristics of high design freedom, easy detection and adjustment, and flexible structure.

[0033] The fiber laser phased array in this embodiment is a 7-aperture array, the radial arrangement is arranged in a plane array, the two-dimensional plane arrangement is arranged in a regular hexagon, the overall equivalent aperture D=60mm, the sub-aperture diameter d=18mm, the center distance between adjacent sub-apertures s=20mm, and the working wavelength is 633nm; the microlens array scanner 1-1 in this embodiment adopts a Kepler structure, the effective aperture is 18mm, the aperture of each unit microlens is 310μm, the distance between adjacent microlenses is 320μm, and the focal length is 868μm; the microlens aperture 1 / 2 is taken as the maximum relative displacement between the two groups of microlens arrays, and the value of the maximum relative displacement is 155μm. Then the scanning angle generated by the microlens array scanner 1-1 is 155μm / 868μm=10.23°. According to the symmetry of the Kepler structure microlens array scanner 1-1, the scanning range can be extended to the entire two-dimensional scanning field of view of [-20.46°, 20.46°]×[-20.46°, 20.46°]. The microlens array scanner 1-1 adopts a piezoelectric driver to drive the microlens array, and the scanning angle is 155μm / 868μm=10.23°. According to the symmetry of the Kepler structure microlens array scanner 1-1, the scanning range can be extended to the entire two-dimensional scanning field of view of [-20.46°, 20.46°]×[-20.46°, 20.46°]. The offset within the voltage range of V is -209.1μm~+201.1μm, and only an offset of 305.9μm is required to achieve 20° optical scanning; the effective aperture of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 in this embodiment is 18mm, the focal length is 100mm, and the offset of the fiber end face driven by the piezoelectric driver within the voltage range of ±450 V is -227.7μm~+214.4μm, the optical scanning angle is -2.277~+2.144 mrad, the optical scanning sensitivity is 4.91 μrad / V, and the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 can achieve high-precision beam pointing of μrad.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first-order resonant frequency of the microlens array scanner 1-1 is 281 Hz, and the first-order resonant frequency of the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 is 336 Hz. The system can achieve high-speed scanning of hundreds of Hz; the phase modulator 2-1 in this embodiment is a piezoelectric ring fiber phase modulator with a first-order resonant frequency of 10kHz.

[0035] According to the collaborative control method, driving signals are simultaneously applied to the microlens array scanner 1-1, the adaptive fiber collimator 1-2 and the piezoelectric ring fiber phase modulator in this embodiment to modulate the relative positions of the single aperture envelope factor, the single aperture grid factor and the multi-aperture grid factor to achieve large-angle continuous scanning of the synthetic light beam.

[0036] So far, the present invention has completed a detailed description of a beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array. The contents not described in detail in the present invention specification belong to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A beam synthesis scanning system based on a fiber laser phased array, characterized in that: include: A confocal scanning module (1) and a common phase synthesis module (2); wherein the confocal scanning module (1) is composed of a microlens array scanner (1-1), an adaptive fiber collimator (1-2), and a confocal scanning control platform (1-3); the microlens array scanner (1-1) is cascaded at the front end of the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2); the confocal scanning control platform (1-3) is connected to the microlens array scanner (1-1) and the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2); wherein the common phase synthesis module (2) is composed of a phase modulator (2-1) and a common phase synthesis control platform (2-2); the common phase synthesis control platform (2-2) is connected to the phase modulator (2-1); wherein the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2) is connected to the phase modulator (2-1); Wherein, the microlens array scanner (1-1) is used to generate a large-angle discrete addressing scanning beam; An adaptive fiber collimator (1-2) can generate a small-angle continuous addressing scanning beam for compensating for the discrete addressing scanning of a microlens array scanner; A confocal scanning control platform (1-3) is used to apply a driving signal to the microlens array scanner (1-1) and the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2); A phase modulator (2-1) is used to compensate for the piston phase difference between the array apertures to achieve common phase synthesis of the array light beams; A common phase synthesis control platform (2-2) for applying a driving signal to the phase modulator (2-1); The microlens array scanner (1-1), the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2) and the phase modulator (2-1) adopt a coordinated control method to achieve a single aperture envelope factor by coordinatedly adjusting the relative positions between the microlens arrays of the microlens array scanner (1-1), the offset position of the fiber end face of the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2) and the piston phase between the units of the phase modulator (2-1). , single aperture grid factor and the multi-aperture grid factor The synchronous movement of the fiber laser phased array enables the stable synthesis of the light beam to achieve large-angle continuous scanning within a certain range. The corresponding far-field light intensity distribution is: ； Where, d is the output aperture of the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2), is the focal length of the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2), and are the offsets of the fiber end face along the x and y axes, respectively, k is the wave number, is the wavelength, l is the center distance between adjacent sub-lenses in the microlens array, w is the effective output aperture of the sub-lenses in the microlens array, is the focal length of the microlens sub-lens, and are the relative displacements of the microlens along the x and y axes, represents the convolution calculation, and represents the far-field spatial frequency after Fourier transformation of the near-field beam, z is the transmission distance, is the first-order Bessel function, comb is the comb function, and represents the coordinates of the nth subaperture, It represents the piston phase loaded on the nth sub-aperture, π is pi, exp is the natural exponential function, ∑ is the summation symbol, n=1 means n starts from 1, and N means it starts to N.

2. The optical fiber laser phased array based beam synthesis scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive fiber collimator (1-2) cascaded microlens array scanner (1-1) is a subunit, and N independent modular subunits constitute an array. The N subunits use a collaborative control method through a confocal scanning control platform (1-3) to achieve large-angle scanning of the array.

3. The optical fiber laser phased array based beam synthesis scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase modulator (2-1) comprises N independent modular sub-units, the number of which is equal to the number of sub-units of the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2); the phase modulator (2-1) uses a collaborative control method via a co-phase synthesis control platform (2-2) to achieve stable co-phase synthesis of multiple unit light beams; the phase modulator (2-1) can be a piezoelectric fiber phase modulator, a lithium niobate fiber phase modulator, a fiber-coupled on-chip phase modulator or other phase modulators.

4. The optical fiber laser phased array based beam synthesis scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt phase of the microlens array scanner (1-1) and the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2), and the piston phase of the phase modulator are controlled in combination with an optimization algorithm to achieve turbulence correction; the optimization algorithm used to compensate for the tilt and piston phase includes a random parallel gradient descent algorithm, a hill climbing method, a multi-jitter method, a single-jitter method, a genetic algorithm, a simulated annealing algorithm, a particle swarm algorithm, a neural network algorithm, an evolutionary algorithm or other algorithms.

5. The optical fiber laser phased array based beam synthesis scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microlens array scanner (1-1) is a two-mirror Galilean structure or Kepler structure, a three-mirror optimized Kepler structure or other structures.

6. The optical fiber laser phased array based beam synthesis scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drivers of the microlens array scanner (1-1) and the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2) adopt piezoelectric drive, motor drive, electromagnetic drive or other drive modes.

7. The optical fiber laser phased array based beam synthesis scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microlens array scanner (1-1), the adaptive fiber collimator (1-2) and the phase modulator (2-1) are integrated into a whole and work in coordination through a cascade mode, or work independently as three devices.

8. The optical fiber laser phased array based beam synthesis scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial arrangement of the aperture array is a planar array arrangement or a free aperture curved surface arrangement; the two-dimensional planar arrangement of the aperture array is a rectangle, a circle, an annulus, a regular hexagon, a triangle or a combination of the above types.

9. The optical fiber laser phased array based beam synthesis scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When used as a laser emitting system, the light beam is output from the laser seed source, enters the 1×N beam splitting module and is divided into N paths, and the N light beams are then connected to the N units of the phase modulator; when used as a laser receiving system, the N light beams received by the phase modulator are input into the N×1 beam combining module, and the combined light beams are received by the photodetector.

Images