Reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bed for crushed corn ears

Abstract

The invention discloses a broken corn ear reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bed, and aims to solve the problem of high kernel damage rate of an existing corn threshing device. The test bed comprises an upper floating plate assembly, a lower moving plate assembly and a rack assembly. The upper floating plate assembly is provided with a weight disc, and external force applied to the crushed corn ears by the threshing device can be adjusted through weights; the lower moving plate assembly is fixed to the rack assembly through a sliding rail, a motor is used for providing power, the lower moving plate assembly can slide relative to the rack assembly, and the amplitude is adjustable. Meanwhile, the rotating plate can rotate around the center under the action of the rotating shaft, the adjusting plate, the multi-section shaft and other parts, and the rotating amplitude is adjustable; and reciprocating and twisting external force is applied to the surfaces of the crushed corn ears, so that the corn kernels are peeled off. The rack assembly serves as a base body to support the whole structure, and the inclination angle is adjustable. The threshing process is free of impact and extrusion, the damage rate of corn kernels in the threshing process can be greatly reduced, and the corn threshing machine has important significance in improving the corn threshing quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery corn threshing, and more specifically, the invention relates to a reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bench for crushing corn ears. Background Art

[0002] Corn threshing is a key link in mechanized corn harvesting and has a significant impact on the harvest quality. The current corn threshing devices on the market generally adopt a drum design, including threshing methods such as striking, squeezing and rubbing. These methods achieve threshing by applying external forces that exceed the bearing capacity of the outer surface of corn kernels, resulting in a high rate of corn kernel damage. Damaged corn kernels are prone to mold growth in a humid environment, and the toxins produced, such as aflatoxin, pose a threat to human health. At the same time, damaged kernels are not easy to germinate, which in turn affects grain production. In order to solve these problems, the researchers designed and manufactured a corn cob mandrel internal expansion pre-threshing device in the early stage. The complete corn cob is cracked into small pieces by the internal expansion of the mandrel to reduce the grain damage rate in the subsequent threshing process; for the broken corn cobs formed after the internal expansion pretreatment of the mandrel, it is particularly important to peel off the surface kernels in a low-damage or even non-damage manner. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is of great significance to invent a reciprocating torsion low-damage threshing test bench for broken corn cobs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the prior art has the problem of high grain damage rate in the threshing process of high-moisture corn, and provides a reciprocating torsion low-damage threshing test bench for crushed corn ears.

[0004] A reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bench for crushing corn ears, comprising an upper floating plate assembly, a lower moving plate assembly and a frame assembly;

[0005] The upper floating plate assembly is located at the uppermost end of the entire crushed corn ear reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bench, and the four corners are fixed to the frame assembly by bolts; the lower moving plate assembly is located directly below the upper floating plate assembly, and the main body is fixed to the frame assembly by a slide rail, and relative sliding can be generated by the slide rail and the frame assembly; the frame assembly is the base of the entire crushed corn ear reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bench, is located at the bottom of the entire test bench, and the main body is welded by a rectangular cross-section steel pipe and a steel plate.

[0006] The upper floating plate assembly includes a weight plate, an outer support frame, 4 springs, 4 spring columns, 4 adjustment bolts, a floating plate mounting frame, a floating plate, a plurality of round head protrusions and 4 fixing blocks;

[0007] The weight plate is composed of a bottom plate of 420mm in length, 480mm in width and 10mm in thickness and four outer support plates vertically welded on the bottom plate. The four outer support plates are 280mm in length, 50mm in height and 5mm in width, and are welded vertically on the bottom plate end to end with their long sides facing downwards, surrounding a groove with a square cross section; a circular through hole is opened at each of the four corners of the bottom plate for passing the spring column; the groove surrounded by the four support plates on the upper end surface is used to place weights to change the downward pressure of the entire upper floating plate assembly;

[0008] The outer support frame is located around the outside of the weight plate as a whole, and the grooves surrounded by the four outer support plates on the weight plate are surrounded in the middle hollow part. The whole body is welded by rectangular cross-section steel plates, and two circular through holes are opened at each of the four corners. The through holes are in a group of four, four inside and four outside. The four inner through holes are used to place four spring columns; the four outer through holes are used to fix them with bolts and four fixing blocks;

[0009] The four springs are all installed on the upper ends of the four spring columns, and are placed at the four corners of the outer support frame along with the four spring columns. The lower end surface of the spring is in contact with the upper end surface of the outer support frame, and the upper end surface is in contact with the gasket below the nut installed at the uppermost end of the spring column. The adjustment nut can adjust the tightness of the spring, and then adjust the elastic force of the floating plate mounting frame connected to the weight plate and the floating plate relative to the outer support frame when they move up and down;

[0010] The four spring columns are placed at the four corners of the outer support frame, and are made of cylindrical 45 steel. The upper section has a diameter of 16mm, the middle diameter is 35mm, and the lower section has a diameter of 20mm. Both the upper and lower sections have threads. The upper section passes through the weight plate and the outer support frame, and is installed with a spring and a nut and a gasket for fixing the upper end surface of the spring; the lower section is fixed in the threaded holes at the four corners of the upper end surface of the floating plate mounting frame.

[0011] The four adjusting bolts are respectively disposed at the outer ends of the four spring columns at the four corners of the outer support frame, the upper ends are fixed by two nuts respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the outer support frame, and the lower ends are fixed to the fixing blocks through threaded holes on the upper end surfaces of the four fixing blocks; the elastic force of the outer support frame relative to the weight plate etc. can be adjusted;

[0012] The floating plate mounting frame is made of welded steel plates, and has three threaded holes on the front, back, left and right sides, respectively, for fixing the floating plate with bolts; a threaded hole is opened at each of the four corners inside the support plate, for fixing four spring columns;

[0013] The floating plate is made of a transparent plastic plate with a thickness of 20 mm, with three threaded holes on each of the four sides, and is fixed to the bottom of the floating plate mounting frame by bolts; a number of threaded holes are opened in the middle, and a round head protrusion is fixed in each threaded hole; the internal situation of the floating plate can be observed through the floating plate;

[0014] The plurality of round head protrusions are composed of a threaded rod, a semicircular head welded to the end of the threaded rod, and a rubber jacket wrapped around the surface of the semicircular head. The front end of the threaded rod is fixed in a threaded hole on the floating plate.

[0015] The four fixing blocks are placed below the four corners of the outer support frame. The whole is welded from rectangular steel plates. The whole body is 170mm high, 80mm long, 50mm wide, and surrounded by five sides. The largest side is open, and a threaded hole with a diameter of 24mm is opened on the upper end surface, which is fixed by an adjusting bolt; the lower end surface is symmetrically opened with two circular through holes with a diameter of 13mm, which are fixed to the upper end of the frame assembly by bolts.

[0016] The lower moving plate assembly includes a fixed plate, a rotating plate, a connecting plate, a mounting plate, a rotating shaft, a fixed seat, a mounting plate, a sleeve, an adjusting plate, a multi-section shaft, a fixed bearing, a fixing frame, a double vertical plate, a slide rail, a motor, a reducer, a connector, an eccentric plate and a double-headed connecting shaft;

[0017] The fixing plate is made of a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 20mm, a length of 650mm, a width of 400mm, and a circular through hole with a diameter of 340mm is cut out in the middle of the upper and lower end surfaces; through holes for placing countersunk bolts are opened on the edges of the upper end surface, and fixed to the fixing frame by bolts; guard plates with a height of 80mm are welded on the left and right sides; a number of round head protrusions are installed at equal intervals on the upper end surface;

[0018] The rotating plate is a disc-shaped steel plate with a diameter of 340 mm and a thickness of 20 mm. A plurality of round head protrusions are evenly spaced on the upper end surface. The rotating plate is integrally embedded in a circular through hole opened inside the fixed plate, and the two can rotate relative to each other. Four through holes for placing countersunk bolts are opened at the edge of the upper end surface, and the plate can be fixed to the connecting plate by countersunk bolts.

[0019] The connecting plate body is a steel plate with a diameter of 340 mm and a thickness of 8 mm. A plurality of threaded holes are opened on the upper and lower end surfaces. The upper end surface is fixed to the rotating plate by bolts, and the lower end surface is fixed to the upper end surface of the mounting plate by bolts.

[0020] The mounting plate is a circular steel plate with a diameter of 155 mm and a thickness of 12 mm. A plurality of bolt holes are opened on the upper and lower end surfaces. The upper end surface is fixed to the lower end surface of the connecting plate by bolts, and the lower end surface is fixed to the upper end surface of the rotating shaft by welding.

[0021] The rotating shaft is composed of two sections with different diameters, the upper section has a diameter of 40mm and a length of 65mm; the lower section has a diameter of 30mm and a length of 50mm, and has a keyway; a threaded hole with a diameter of 10mm is opened on the lower end surface; the upper end surface is fixed to the lower end surface of the mounting plate by welding, the lower section is fixed to the shaft sleeve by a flat key connection, and the lower end surface fixes the adjustment plate to the lower end surface of the shaft sleeve by bolts and gaskets;

[0022] The fixing seat is a cylinder with a height of 25mm, an outer diameter of 120mm and an inner diameter of 70mm. Four circular through holes with a diameter of 10mm are opened on the upper and lower end surfaces. It is fixed to the end surface of the mounting plate by bolts. A bearing is installed inside, and the inside of the bearing is in contact with the upper section of the rotating shaft.

[0023] The mounting plate is made of a 10mm thick steel plate, with a circular through hole of 80mm in diameter in the middle, and the left and right end surfaces are fixed between two steel pipes welded in the middle of the end surface of the fixing frame by welding;

[0024] The shaft sleeve is a cylinder with a height of 40mm, an outer diameter of 50mm and an inner diameter of 30mm. A keyway is provided on the inner side surface and is fixed to the lower end of the shaft by a flat key. The lower end surface is fixed to the end of the end surface of the adjustment plate by welding.

[0025] The adjusting plate is made of a 10mm thick steel plate through cutting, with a wider rear end and a narrower front end; a shaft sleeve is fixed on the upper end surface of the rear end by welding, and 6 circular through holes with a diameter of 17mm are opened at equal intervals at the front end for installing a multi-section shaft. The multi-section shaft can be moved in these 6 holes to adjust the rotation range of the moving plate;

[0026] The multi-section shaft is composed of four sections of threaded rods with different diameters and a cylinder, which is processed by turning; the upper section is a threaded rod with a diameter of 17 mm, which is fixed to the lower end surface of the adjustment plate by a nut; the middle upper section is a cylindrical shaft with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 20 mm; the middle lower section is a cylindrical shaft with a diameter of 15 mm and a diameter of 25 mm, which is fixed to the inner ring of the bearing; the lower section is a threaded rod with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 20 mm, which is fixed to the lower end of the bearing by a nut and a gasket;

[0027] The fixed bearing is installed in the middle and lower sections of the multi-section shaft, and the outer side is fixed in the fixed groove in the middle part of the frame assembly, so that the multi-section shaft and the upper adjustment plate can rotate relative to the fixed bearing;

[0028] The fixing frame body is welded by a steel plate with a thickness of 5mm. Two left and right guard plates are welded on the front end of the upper end surface, and the guard plates shrink inwards, leaving an opening in the middle; a guard plate with a height of 80mm is welded on the rear end, and guard plates are welded on all sides of the lower end surface, and two left and right rectangular steel pipes for fixing the mounting plate are welded in the middle; the guard plate end surfaces on the left and right sides of the lower end surface are respectively provided with two upper and lower rows of 3 holes in each row, a total of 6 holes with a diameter of 8mm, which are used to fix the slide rails on both sides of the left and right guard plates on the lower end surface of the mounting plate by bolts; a double vertical plate is fixed by welding in the middle position of the tail of the lower end surface;

[0029] The double upright plates are made of two 10mm thick steel plates, each of which has a circular through hole with a diameter of 12mm at the lower front position; the upper end surface is fixed to the middle position of the rear part of the lower end surface of the fixing frame by welding, and a bearing is fixed in the circular through hole at the lower part by bolts;

[0030] There are two slide rails, which are fixed to the guard plates on the left and right sides below the fixing frame by 6 bolts respectively, so as to cooperate with the slide rails on the rack assembly;

[0031] The motor is located below the fixed frame, and the output shaft is connected to the input shaft of the reducer;

[0032] The reducer is located behind the motor and is fixed to the reducer fixing seat on the frame assembly by 4 bolts; the power input shaft is connected to the power output shaft of the motor, and the power output shaft is fixed by a flat key and a connector;

[0033] The connector is welded by a flange and a cylinder. Four circular through holes are opened at equal intervals around the flange and fixed together by bolts and an eccentric disk. A keyway is opened inside the cylinder and fixed to the power output shaft of the reducer by a flat key.

[0034] The eccentric disk is made of a disk with a thickness of 20 mm and a diameter of 80 mm, and is provided with four bolt holes with a diameter of 10 mm on the periphery, which are fixed to the connector by bolts; four bolt holes with a diameter of 12 mm are provided inside, and the distances between the centers of the bolt holes and the centers of the disk are 12.5 mm, 15 mm, 17.5 mm and 20 mm respectively; the bolt holes are fixed to the double-headed connecting shaft by bolts, and the eccentricity of the forward and backward movement of the fixing frame can be adjusted by adjusting the bolt holes at different positions;

[0035] The double-headed connecting shaft is composed of two cylinders with an outer diameter of 50 mm welded at the two ends of the shaft, and the front ends of the two shafts are fixed together by bolts; bearings are installed inside the cylinders at both ends, one end is fixed to the eccentric disk by bolts, and the other end is fixed to the middle of the double vertical plates by bolts.

[0036] The frame assembly includes a frame base, an upper mounting frame body, a slideway, a reducer fixing seat, a fixing slot and an angle adjustment plate;

[0037] The frame base is welded from 4 rectangular cross-section steel pipes and is located at the bottom of the entire test bench, with the lower end surface in contact with the ground;

[0038] The main body of the upper mounting frame is welded by a rectangular cross-section steel pipe and a steel plate. The four corners of the lower end are connected by bolts and hinged to the angle adjustment plate welded on the frame base. The whole can rotate around the hinge point at the bottom of the front end; the upper end surface is evenly distributed with bolt holes, and is fixed to 4 fixing blocks by bolt connection;

[0039] There are four slideways, two in a group, which are placed at the left and right ends of the upper inner part of the upper mounting frame body, and are fixed to the inside of the upper mounting frame body by six bolts respectively, and cooperate with the slide rails to realize the forward and backward sliding of the fixing frame;

[0040] The reducer fixing seat is welded by a rectangular cross-section steel pipe and a steel plate, and is fixed to the right side of the lower rear end of the upper mounting frame body by welding. The lower part is a rectangular cross-section steel pipe, and the upper part is a steel plate. There are 4 threaded holes evenly distributed on the upper surface of the steel plate, and the reducer is fixed by bolts;

[0041] The fixing groove is welded from a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm, and is fixed to the middle position of the lower end of the main body of the upper mounting frame by welding, forming a slot in the left and right directions to limit the movement of the fixed bearing and assist in completing the rotation of the entire rotating plate system;

[0042] The angle adjustment plate is composed of 4 steel plates with a thickness of 10 mm, and circular through holes with a diameter of 12 mm are opened on the tops of the two shorter steel plates. They are installed on the left and right sides of the front end of the frame base by welding, and the upper mounting frame body is hinged in the circular through holes by bolts; the two longer steel plates are placed on the left and right sides of the rear end of the frame base by welding, with the front hinge point as the center of the circle and the radius from the front hinge point to the rear fixed point. There are 6 groups of circular through holes distributed in an arc shape on the two longer steel plates, and the upper mounting frame body is fixed to the frame base with a single group of through holes by bolts. The inclination angle of the upper mounting frame body relative to the ground can be adjusted by replacing different groups of through holes, and the adjustment angle between two adjacent groups of through holes is 5°.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The test bench applies reciprocating-torsion coupling external force to the surface of the kernels on the crushed corn cobs to achieve kernel peeling without impact or extrusion, which can greatly reduce kernel damage during corn threshing and improve threshing quality.

[0045] 2. A weight plate for holding weights is designed on the top of the test bench. The weight plate is connected to the floating plate. Changing the mass of the weights in the weight plate can change the external force applied by the circular protrusions on the floating plate to the surface of the kernels on the crushed corn cobs, making it easier to find the best threshing conditions.

[0046] 3. During the test, the reciprocating motion amplitude of the fixed plate and the rotating plate on the test bench and the rotation amplitude of the rotating plate around the center can be adjusted to facilitate finding the optimal threshing parameters.

[0047] 4. A reset spring is installed on the upper part of the test bench. The spring and the weight can make the floating plate move up and down to meet the threshing needs of broken corn ears of different sizes.

[0048] 5. The upper mounting frame body in the frame assembly can be adjusted at a variable angle relative to the frame base, thereby driving the working part of the entire test bench to have a certain inclination angle relative to the ground, which is convenient for exploring the influence of the inclination angle on the threshing process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a front axonometric view of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 is a rear axonometric view of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is an assembly diagram of the upper floating plate assembly of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the upper floating plate assembly of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 It is an axonometric view of the floating plate of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 It is an axonometric view of the fixing block of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 It is an axonometric view of the lower moving plate assembly of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 It is an assembly diagram of the lower movement plate assembly of the present invention;

[0057] Fig. 9 An exploded view of the lower movement plate assembly of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.10 It is an axonometric view of the power and transmission assembly of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.11 It is an axonometric view of the frame assembly of the present invention.

[0060] In the figure: A, upper floating plate assembly; B, lower moving plate assembly; C, frame assembly; 1, weight plate; 2, outer support frame; 3, spring; 4, spring column; 5, adjusting bolt; 6, floating plate mounting frame; 7, floating plate; 8, round head protrusion; 9, fixing block; 10, fixing plate; 11, rotating plate; 12, connecting plate; 13, mounting plate; 14, rotating shaft; 15, fixing seat; 16, mounting plate; 17, bushing; 18, adjusting plate; 19, multi-section shaft; 20, fixing bearing; 21, fixing frame; 22, double vertical plates; 23, slide rail; 24, motor; 25, reducer; 26, connector; 27, eccentric plate; 28, double-headed connecting shaft; 29, frame base; 30, upper mounting frame body; 31, slideway; 32, reducer fixing seat; 33, fixing slot; 34, angle adjustment plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 , a reciprocating torsion type low damage threshing test bench for crushing corn ears, comprising an upper floating plate assembly (A), a lower moving plate assembly (B) and a frame assembly (C);

[0062] The upper floating plate assembly (A) is located at the uppermost end of the entire crushed corn ear reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bench, and its four corners are fixed to the frame assembly (C) by bolts; the lower moving plate assembly (B) is located directly below the upper floating plate assembly (A), and its main body is fixed to the frame assembly (C) by a slide rail (23), and relative sliding can be generated by the slide rail (23) and the frame assembly (C); the frame assembly (C) is the base of the entire crushed corn ear reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bench, is located at the bottom of the entire test bench, and its main body is welded by a rectangular cross-section steel pipe and a steel plate.

[0063] See also Figure 3 to Figure 4 The upper floating plate assembly (A) comprises a weight plate (1), an outer support frame (2), four springs (3), four spring columns (4), four adjusting bolts (5), a floating plate mounting frame (6), a floating plate (7), a plurality of round head protrusions (8) and four fixing blocks (9);

[0064] The weight plate (1) is composed of a bottom plate with a length of 420 mm, a width of 480 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm, and four outer support plates vertically welded to the bottom plate. The four outer support plates are all 280 mm long, 50 mm high, and 5 mm wide. They are connected end to end and vertically welded to the bottom plate with their long sides facing downwards, surrounding a groove with a square cross-section. A circular through hole is opened at each of the four corners of the bottom plate for passing the spring column (4). The groove surrounded by the four support plates on the upper end surface is used to place weights to change the downward pressure of the entire upper floating plate assembly (A).

[0065] The outer support frame (2) is located around the outside of the weight plate (1) as a whole, and the grooves surrounded by the four outer support plates on the weight plate (1) are surrounded by the hollow part in the middle. The whole body is welded by rectangular cross-section steel plates, and two circular through holes are opened at each of the four corners. The through holes are in a group of four, four inside and four outside. The four inside through holes are used to place four spring columns (4); the four outside through holes are used to fix them through bolts and four fixing blocks (9);

[0066] The four springs (3) are all installed on the upper ends of the four spring columns (4), and are placed at the four corners of the outer support frame (2) along with the four spring columns (4). The lower end surface of the spring (3) is in contact with the upper end surface of the outer support frame (2), and the upper end surface is in contact with the gasket below the nut installed at the uppermost end of the spring column (4). The tightness of the spring (3) can be adjusted by adjusting the nut, thereby adjusting the elastic force of the floating plate mounting frame (6) and the floating plate (7) connected to the weight plate (1) relative to the outer support frame (2) when they move up and down;

[0067] The four spring columns (4) are disposed at the four corners of the outer support frame (2), and are made of cylindrical 45# steel by turning, with an upper section having a diameter of 16 mm, a middle section having a diameter of 35 mm, and a lower section having a diameter of 20 mm. Both the upper and lower sections are threaded. The upper section passes through the weight plate (1) and the outer support frame (2), and is provided with a spring (3) and a nut and a gasket for fixing the upper end surface of the spring (3). The lower section is fixed in the threaded holes at the four corners of the upper end surface of the floating plate mounting frame (6).

[0068] The four adjusting bolts (5) are respectively arranged at the outer ends of the four spring columns (4) at the four corners of the outer support frame (2), the upper ends are fixed by two nuts respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the outer support frame (2), and the lower ends are fixed to the fixing blocks (9) through threaded holes on the upper end surfaces of the four fixing blocks (9); the elastic force of the outer support frame (2) relative to the weight plate (1) etc. can be adjusted;

[0069] The floating plate mounting frame (6) is made of welded steel plates, and has three threaded holes at the front, back, left and right sides respectively, for fixing with the floating plate (7) by bolts; a threaded hole is opened at each of the four corners inside the support plate, for fixing the four spring columns (4);

[0070] See also Figure 5 The floating plate (7) is made of a transparent plastic plate with a thickness of 20 mm, and has three threaded holes on each of its four sides, and is fixed to the bottom of the floating plate mounting frame (6) by bolts; a plurality of threaded holes are opened in the middle, and a round head protrusion (8) is fixed in each threaded hole; the internal situation of the floating plate (7) can be observed through the floating plate (7);

[0071] The plurality of round head protrusions (8) are composed of a threaded rod, a semicircular head welded to the end of the threaded rod, and a rubber jacket wrapped around the surface of the semicircular head. The front end of the threaded rod is fixed in a threaded hole on the floating plate (7).

[0072] See also Figure 6 The four fixing blocks (9) are respectively placed at the bottom of the four corners of the outer support frame (2). The whole is welded from rectangular steel plates, with a height of 170 mm, a length of 80 mm, a width of 50 mm, and five sides. The largest side is open, and a threaded hole with a diameter of 24 mm is opened on the upper end surface, which is fixed by an adjusting bolt (5); the lower end surface is symmetrically opened with two circular through holes with a diameter of 13 mm, which are fixed to the upper end of the frame assembly (C) by bolts.

[0073] See also Figures 7 to 10The lower moving plate assembly (B) comprises a fixed plate (10), a rotating plate (11), a connecting plate (12), a mounting plate (13), a rotating shaft (14), a fixed seat (15), a mounting plate (16), a sleeve (17), an adjusting plate (18), a multi-section shaft (19), a fixed bearing (20), a fixing frame (21), a double vertical plate (22), a slide rail (23), a motor (24), a reducer (25), a connector (26), an eccentric plate (27) and a double-headed connecting shaft (28);

[0074] The fixing plate (10) is made of a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 20 mm, a length of 650 mm, a width of 400 mm, and a circular through hole with a diameter of 340 mm is cut out in the middle of the upper and lower end surfaces; through holes for placing countersunk bolts are opened on the edges of the upper end surface, and the fixing plate (10) is fixed to the fixing frame (21) by bolts; guard plates with a height of 80 mm are welded on the left and right sides; a plurality of round head protrusions (8) are installed at equal intervals on the upper end surface;

[0075] The rotating plate (11) is a disk-shaped steel plate with a diameter of 340 mm and a thickness of 20 mm. A plurality of round head protrusions (8) are evenly spaced on the upper end surface. The rotating plate (11) is integrally embedded in a circular through hole opened inside the fixed plate (10), and the two can rotate relative to each other. Four through holes for placing countersunk bolts are opened at the edge of the upper end surface, and the rotating plate (11) can be fixed to the connecting plate (12) by countersunk bolts.

[0076] The connecting plate (12) is a steel plate with a diameter of 340 mm and a thickness of 8 mm. A plurality of threaded holes are formed on the upper and lower end surfaces. The upper end surface is fixed to the rotating plate (11) by bolts, and the lower end surface is fixed to the upper end surface of the mounting plate (13) by bolts.

[0077] The mounting plate (13) is a circular steel plate with a diameter of 155 mm and a thickness of 12 mm. A plurality of bolt holes are formed on the upper and lower end surfaces. The upper end surface is fixed to the lower end surface of the connecting plate (12) by bolts, and the lower end surface is fixed to the upper end surface of the rotating shaft (14) by welding.

[0078] The rotating shaft (14) is composed of two sections with different diameters, the upper section has a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 65 mm; the lower section has a diameter of 30 mm and a length of 50 mm and is provided with a keyway; a threaded hole with a diameter of 10 mm is provided on the lower end surface; the upper end surface is fixed to the lower end surface of the mounting plate (13) by welding, the lower section is fixed to the shaft sleeve (17) by a flat key connection, and the lower end surface is fixed to the adjusting plate (18) on the lower end surface of the shaft sleeve (17) by bolts and gaskets;

[0079] The fixing seat (15) is a cylinder with a height of 25 mm, an outer diameter of 120 mm, and an inner diameter of 70 mm. Four circular through holes with a diameter of 10 mm are opened on the upper and lower end surfaces. The fixing seat (15) is fixed to the upper end surface of the mounting plate (16) by bolts. A bearing is installed inside, and the inside of the bearing is in contact with the upper section of the rotating shaft (14).

[0080] The mounting plate (16) is made of a steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm, and has a circular through hole with a diameter of 80 mm in the middle. The left and right end surfaces are fixed between two steel pipes welded in the middle of the end surface of the fixing frame (21) by welding.

[0081] The shaft sleeve (17) is a cylinder with a height of 40 mm, an outer diameter of 50 mm, and an inner diameter of 30 mm. A keyway is provided on the inner side surface and is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft (14) through a flat key. The lower end surface is fixed to the upper end surface of the adjusting plate (18) by welding.

[0082] The adjusting plate (18) is made of a steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm through cutting, with a wider rear end and a narrower front end. A shaft sleeve (17) is fixed on the upper end surface of the rear end by welding, and six circular through holes with a diameter of 17 mm are opened at equal intervals at the front end for installing a multi-section shaft (19). The multi-section shaft (19) can be moved in these six holes to adjust the rotation range of the movable plate (11).

[0083] The multi-section shaft (19) is composed of four sections of threaded rods and cylinders with different diameters, and is machined by turning; the upper section is a threaded rod with a diameter of 17 mm, which is fixed to the lower end surface of the adjusting plate (18) by a nut; the middle upper section is a cylindrical shaft with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 20 mm; the middle lower section is a cylindrical shaft with a diameter of 15 mm and a length of 25 mm, which is fixed to the inner ring of the bearing; the lower section is a threaded rod with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 20 mm, which is fixed to the lower end of the bearing by a nut and a gasket;

[0084] The fixed bearing (20) is installed in the middle and lower sections of the multi-section shaft (19), and the outer side is fixed in the fixed groove (33) in the middle part of the frame assembly (C), so that the multi-section shaft (19) and the upper adjustment plate (18) can rotate relative to the fixed bearing (20);

[0085] The main body of the fixing frame (21) is welded from a steel plate with a thickness of 5 mm. Two left and right guard plates are welded on the front end of the upper end surface, and the guard plates shrink inwards, leaving an opening in the middle; a guard plate with a height of 80 mm is welded on the rear end, and guard plates are welded on all sides of the lower end surface. Two rectangular steel pipes for fixing the mounting plate (16) are welded in the middle; the guard plate end surfaces on the left and right sides of the lower end surface are respectively provided with two upper and lower rows of 3 holes in each row, a total of 6 holes with a diameter of 8 mm, for fixing the slide rail (23) on both sides of the left and right guard plates of the lower end surface of the mounting plate (16) by bolts; a double vertical plate (22) is fixed by welding at the middle position of the tail of the lower end surface;

[0086] The double upright plates (22) are made of two steel plates with a thickness of 10 mm, and each of them has a circular through hole with a diameter of 12 mm at the lower front position; the upper end surface is fixed to the middle position of the rear part of the lower end surface of the fixing frame (21) by welding, and a bearing is fixed in the circular through hole at the lower part by bolts;

[0087] There are two slide rails (23), which are fixed to the guard plates on the left and right sides below the fixed frame (21) by 6 bolts respectively, so as to cooperate with the slide rails (31) on the frame assembly (C);

[0088] The motor (24) is located below the fixed frame (21), and the output shaft is connected to the input shaft of the reducer (25);

[0089] The reducer (25) is located behind the motor (24) and is fixed to a reducer fixing seat (32) on the frame assembly (C) by four bolts; the power input shaft is connected to the power output shaft of the motor (24), and the power output shaft is fixed to the connector (26) by a flat key;

[0090] The connector (26) is welded by a flange and a cylinder. Four circular through holes are opened at equal intervals around the flange and fixed together with the eccentric disk (27) by bolts. A keyway is opened inside the cylinder and fixed to the power output shaft of the reducer (25) by a flat key.

[0091] The eccentric disk (27) is made of a disk with a thickness of 20 mm and a diameter of 80 mm, and is provided with four bolt holes with a diameter of 10 mm on the periphery, and is fixed to the connector (26) by bolts; four bolt holes with a diameter of 12 mm are provided inside, and the distances between the centers of the bolt holes and the center of the disk are 12.5 mm, 15 mm, 17.5 mm and 20 mm respectively; the bolt holes are fixed to the double-headed connecting shaft (28) by bolts, and the eccentricity of the forward and backward movement of the fixing frame (21) can be adjusted by adjusting the bolt holes at different positions;

[0092] The double-ended connecting shaft (28) is composed of two cylinders with an outer diameter of 50 mm welded at the two shaft ends, and the two shaft front ends are fixed together by bolts; bearings are installed inside the cylinders at both ends, one end is fixed to the eccentric disk (27) by bolts, and the other end is fixed to the middle of the double vertical plates (22) by bolts.

[0093] See also Fig.11 The frame assembly (C) includes a frame base (29), an upper mounting frame body (30), a slideway (31), a reducer fixing seat (32), a fixing groove (33) and an angle adjustment plate (34);

[0094] The frame base (29) is welded from four rectangular cross-section steel pipes and is located at the bottom of the entire test bench, with the lower end surface in contact with the ground;

[0095] The upper mounting frame body (30) is welded from a rectangular cross-section steel pipe and a steel plate. The four corners of the lower end are connected by bolts and hinged to an angle adjustment plate (34) welded to the frame base (29). The whole body can rotate around the hinge point at the bottom of the front end. The upper end surface is evenly distributed with bolt holes, and is fixed to four fixing blocks (9) by bolt connection.

[0096] There are four slideways (31), two in a group, which are arranged at the left and right ends of the upper inner part of the upper mounting frame body (30), and are fixed to the inside of the upper mounting frame body (30) by six bolts respectively, and cooperate with the slide rail (23) to realize the forward and backward sliding of the fixing frame (21);

[0097] The reducer fixing seat (32) is welded by a rectangular cross-section steel pipe and a steel plate, and is fixed to the right side of the lower rear end of the upper mounting frame body (30) by welding. The lower side is a rectangular cross-section steel pipe, and the upper side is a steel plate. Four threaded holes are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the steel plate, and the reducer (25) is fixed by bolts.

[0098] The fixing groove (33) is welded from a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm and is fixed to the middle position of the lower end of the upper mounting frame body (30) by welding, forming a slot in the left and right directions to limit the movement of the fixed bearing (20) and assist in completing the rotational movement of the entire rotating plate (11) system;

[0099] The angle adjustment plate (34) is composed of four steel plates with a thickness of 10 mm. The tops of the two shorter steel plates are provided with circular through holes with a diameter of 12 mm. The plates are installed on the left and right sides of the front end of the frame base (29) by welding. The upper mounting frame body (30) is hinged in the circular through holes by bolts. The two longer steel plates are separately placed on the left and right sides of the rear end of the frame base (29) by welding. The front hinge point is the center of the circle and the radius from the front hinge point to the rear fixing point is 6 groups of circular through holes distributed in an arc shape on the two longer steel plates. The upper mounting frame body (30) is fixed to the frame base (29) by bolts with a single group of through holes. The inclination angle of the upper mounting frame body (30) relative to the ground can be adjusted by replacing different groups of through holes. The adjustment angle between two adjacent groups of through holes is 5°.

[0100] Working principle of the present invention:

[0101] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2The working principle of the reciprocating torsion type low damage threshing test bench for crushed corn ears of the present invention is as follows. Remove the upper floating plate assembly (A) to expose the fixed plate (10) and the rotating plate (11) surface, put the crushed corn ears formed after cracking on the fixed plate (10) and the rotating plate (11) surface, install the upper floating plate assembly (A) back, turn the bolt to adjust the spring tightness, add a proper amount of weight to the weight plate (1) and start the motor (24), the fixed plate (10) and the rotating plate (11) in the test bench begin to reciprocate back and forth, and the round head protrusions (8) on the upper and lower plate surfaces begin to move in An external force is applied to the surface of corn kernels on the crushed corn cobs, and the corn kernels are shaken back and forth to make them fall off, thereby achieving threshing; at the same time, for high-humidity corn kernels that are difficult to be peeled off by reciprocating motion, during the reciprocating motion of the fixed plate (10) and the rotating plate (11), the rotating plate (11) is subjected to a torque applied by components such as a rotating shaft (14) connected below the center thereof, causing the rotating plate (11) to twist in positive and negative directions around the center, thereby twisting the kernels on the surface of the crushed corn cobs to make them fall off, thereby achieving low-damage corn threshing.

[0102] See also Figures 3 to 6 The working principle of the upper floating plate assembly (A) of the present invention is as follows: the weight plate (1) and the outer support frame (2) are connected by four springs (3) and four spring columns (4), and the two can move relative to each other in the up and down directions under the action of the elastic connection. The weight plate (1) and the floating plate mounting frame (6) are connected via four spring columns (4), and the weight plate (1), the floating plate mounting frame (6) and the floating plate (7) are rigidly connected and do not generate relative movement; the outer support frame (2) is rigidly connected to the frame assembly (C) via four fixing blocks (9), and cannot move relative to each other after the position is fixed; during the test, crushed corn ears are placed on the lower plate surface of the floating plate (7), and a plurality of round-headed protrusions (8) are in contact with the crushed corn ears; adding weights to the weight plate (1), the downward transmission of gravity will change the external force applied by the round-headed protrusions (8) on the lower plate surface of the floating plate (7) on the surface of the crushed corn ears, and the threshing effect can be observed by changing the weight mass; during the test, the adjustment bolt (5) and the bolt on the top of the spring column (4) can be adjusted to change the elastic force of the spring (3).

[0103] See also Figures 7 to 10The working principle of the lower moving plate assembly (B) of the present invention is as follows. The power is transmitted from the power output shaft of the motor (24) to the power input shaft of the reducer (25). The power output shaft of the reducer (25) transmits the power output of the motor (24) to the connector (26) and the eccentric disk (27) fixed to the connector (26) after deceleration and torque increase. The eccentric disk (27) transmits the power to the double-headed connecting shaft (28), driving the fixed frame (21) and the various components installed thereon to reciprocate back and forth in the slideway (31) inside the frame assembly (C); during this process, adjusting the fixed position of the double-headed connecting shaft (28) on the eccentric disk (27) can adjust the amplitude of the forward and backward swing of the fixed frame (21); during the forward and backward reciprocating motion of the fixed frame (21), the fixed plate (10) and the rotating plate (11) both swing back and forth, and the fixed plate (10) and The fixing frame (21) is fixed by bolt connection, and the two are relatively immovable. The bottom of the rotating plate (11) is connected to the connecting plate (12), the mounting plate (13) and the rotating shaft (14) and can rotate relative to the fixing plate (10) and the fixing frame (21). When the fixing frame (21) drives the fixing plate (10) to reciprocate forward and backward, the rotating plate (11) also reciprocates forward and backward. At the same time, under the action of the rotating shaft (14), the adjusting plate (18) and the fixed bearing (20) and other parts, a rotation movement around the center of the rotating shaft (14), that is, the center of the rotating plate (11) is generated, so as to achieve the twisting threshing of the crushed corn ears. In this process, the position of the multi-section shaft (19) on the adjusting plate (18) is changed, that is, different hole positions are changed for fixing, so that the rotation amplitude of the rotating plate (11) can be adjusted.

[0104] See also Fig.11The working principle of the frame assembly (C) of the present invention is as follows. The upper end surface of the upper mounting frame body (30) is fixed to the four fixing blocks (9) in the upper floating plate assembly (A) by bolts, so as to support the entire upper floating plate assembly (A); the slideway (31) inside the upper end of the upper mounting frame body (30) cooperates with the slide rail (23) in the lower moving plate assembly (B) to support the main body of the entire lower moving plate assembly (B); the reducer (25) in the lower moving plate assembly (B) is fixed to the reducer fixing seat (32) at the lower end of the frame assembly (C) by bolts, and the fixed bearing (20) is placed inside the fixing groove (33); the entire upper mounting frame body (30) is fixed to the frame base (29) by an angle adjustment plate (34), and can be rotated relative to the frame base (29) around the front end hinge position of the angle adjustment plate (34) by the angle adjustment plate (34); six adjustment holes are opened on the two longer adjustment plates at the rear end of the angle adjustment plate (34), and the adjustment angle between two adjacent groups of through holes is 5°. Changing the position of the upper mounting frame body (30) fixed to the rear adjustment hole of the angle adjustment plate (34) can realize the inclination of all parts of the entire test bench except the frame base (29) and the angle adjustment plate (34). Changing the threshing inclination angle during the experiment can explore the relationship between the threshing effect and the inclination angle.

Claims

1. A reciprocating torsion low-damage threshing test bench for crushed corn ears, characterized in that: It includes an upper floating plate assembly (A), a lower moving plate assembly (B) and a frame assembly (C); The upper floating plate assembly (A) is located at the uppermost end of the entire crushed corn ear reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bench, and the four corners are fixed to the frame assembly (C) by bolts; the lower moving plate assembly (B) is located directly below the upper floating plate assembly (A), and the main body is fixed to the frame assembly (C) by a slide rail (23); the frame assembly (C) is the base of the entire crushed corn ear reciprocating torsion type low-damage threshing test bench, is located at the bottom of the entire test bench, and the main body is welded by a rectangular cross-section steel pipe and a steel plate.

2. A reciprocating torsion low-damage threshing test bench for crushed corn ears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper floating plate assembly (A) comprises a weight plate (1), an outer support frame (2), four springs (3), four spring columns (4), four adjusting bolts (5), a floating plate mounting frame (6), a floating plate (7), a plurality of round head protrusions (8) and four fixing blocks (9); The weight plate (1) is composed of a bottom plate with a length of 420 mm, a width of 480 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm, and four outer support plates vertically welded to the bottom plate. The four outer support plates are all 280 mm long, 50 mm high, and 5 mm wide. They are connected end to end with their long sides facing downward and vertically welded to the bottom plate to enclose a groove with a square cross section. A circular through hole is opened at each of the four corners of the bottom plate. The outer support frame (2) is located around the outside of the weight plate (1) as a whole, and surrounds the grooves surrounded by the four outer support plates on the weight plate (1) in the middle hollow part. The whole body is welded by rectangular cross-section steel plates, and two circular through holes are opened at each of the four corners. The through holes are in groups of four, and there are four holes inside and outside respectively. The four springs (3) are all installed on the upper ends of the four spring columns (4), and are placed at the four corners of the outer support frame (2) along with the four spring columns (4). The lower end surface of the spring (3) contacts the upper end surface of the outer support frame (2), and the upper end surface contacts the gasket installed below the nut installed at the uppermost end of the spring column (4); The four spring columns (4) are disposed at the four corners of the outer support frame (2), and are made of cylindrical 45# steel by turning, with an upper section having a diameter of 16 mm, a middle section having a diameter of 35 mm, and a lower section having a diameter of 20 mm. Both the upper and lower sections are threaded. The upper section passes through the weight plate (1) and the outer support frame (2), and is provided with a spring (3) and a nut and a gasket for fixing the upper end surface of the spring (3). The lower section is fixed in the threaded holes at the four corners of the upper end surface of the floating plate mounting frame (6). The four adjusting bolts (5) are respectively disposed at the outer ends of the four spring columns (4) at the four corners of the outer support frame (2), the upper ends are fixed by two nuts respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the outer support frame (2), and the lower ends are fixed to the fixing blocks (9) through threaded holes on the upper end surfaces of the four fixing blocks (9); The floating plate mounting frame (6) is made of welded steel plates, and has three threaded holes at the front, back, left and right sides, and one threaded hole at each of the four corners of the support plate. The floating plate (7) is made of a transparent plastic plate with a thickness of 20 mm, and has three threaded holes on each of its four sides, and is fixed to the bottom of the floating plate mounting frame (6) by bolts; a plurality of threaded holes are opened in the middle, and a round head protrusion (8) is fixed in each threaded hole; The plurality of round head protrusions (8) are composed of a threaded rod, a semicircular head welded to the end of the threaded rod, and a rubber jacket wrapped around the surface of the semicircular head. The front end of the threaded rod is fixed in a threaded hole on the floating plate (7). The four fixing blocks (9) are respectively placed below the four corners of the outer support frame (2). The whole is welded from rectangular steel plates, with a height of 170 mm, a length of 80 mm, a width of 50 mm, and five sides. The side with the largest area is open, and a threaded hole with a diameter of 24 mm is opened on the upper end surface, which is fixed by an adjusting bolt (5); the lower end surface is symmetrically opened with two circular through holes with a diameter of 13 mm, which are fixed to the upper end of the frame assembly (C) by bolts.

3. The reciprocating torsion low-damage threshing test bench for crushed corn ears according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower moving plate assembly (B) comprises a fixed plate (10), a rotating plate (11), a connecting plate (12), a mounting plate (13), a rotating shaft (14), a fixing seat (15), a mounting plate (16), a bushing (17), an adjusting plate (18), a multi-section shaft (19), a fixed bearing (20), a fixing frame (21), a double vertical plate (22), a slide rail (23), a motor (24), a reducer (25), a connector (26), an eccentric plate (27) and a double-headed connecting shaft (28); The fixing plate (10) is made of a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 20 mm, a length of 650 mm, a width of 400 mm, and a circular through hole with a diameter of 340 mm is cut out in the middle of the upper and lower end surfaces; through holes for placing countersunk bolts are opened on the edges of the upper end surface, and guard plates with a height of 80 mm are welded on the left and right sides; a plurality of round head protrusions (8) are installed at equal intervals on the upper end surface; The rotating plate (11) is a disk-shaped steel plate with a diameter of 340 mm and a thickness of 20 mm. A plurality of round head protrusions (8) are evenly distributed on the upper end surface. The rotating plate (11) is integrally embedded in a circular through hole opened inside the fixed plate (10). Four through holes for placing countersunk bolts are opened at the edge of the upper end surface. The connecting plate (12) is a steel plate with a diameter of 340 mm and a thickness of 8 mm. A plurality of threaded holes are formed on the upper and lower end surfaces. The upper end surface is fixed to the rotating plate (11) by bolts, and the lower end surface is fixed to the upper end surface of the mounting plate (13) by bolts. The mounting plate (13) is a circular steel plate with a diameter of 155 mm and a thickness of 12 mm. A plurality of bolt holes are formed on the upper and lower end surfaces. The upper end surface is fixed to the lower end surface of the connecting plate (12) by bolts, and the lower end surface is fixed to the upper end surface of the rotating shaft (14) by welding. The rotating shaft (14) is composed of two sections with different diameters, the upper section has a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 65 mm; the lower section has a diameter of 30 mm and a length of 50 mm and is provided with a keyway; a threaded hole with a diameter of 10 mm is provided on the lower end surface; the upper end surface is fixed to the lower end surface of the mounting plate (13) by welding, the lower section is fixed to the shaft sleeve (17) by a flat key connection, and the lower end surface is fixed to the adjusting plate (18) on the lower end surface of the shaft sleeve (17) by bolts and gaskets; The fixing seat (15) is a cylinder with a height of 25 mm, an outer diameter of 120 mm, and an inner diameter of 70 mm. Four circular through holes with a diameter of 10 mm are opened on the upper and lower end surfaces. The fixing seat (15) is fixed to the upper end surface of the mounting plate (16) by bolts. A bearing is installed inside, and the inside of the bearing is in contact with the upper section of the rotating shaft (14). The mounting plate (16) is made of a steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm, and has a circular through hole with a diameter of 80 mm in the middle. The left and right end surfaces are fixed between two steel pipes welded in the middle of the end surface of the fixing frame (21) by welding. The shaft sleeve (17) is a cylinder with a height of 40 mm, an outer diameter of 50 mm, and an inner diameter of 30 mm. A keyway is provided on the inner side surface and is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft (14) through a flat key. The lower end surface is fixed to the upper end surface of the adjusting plate (18) by welding. The adjusting plate (18) is made of a steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm through cutting, with a wider rear end and a narrower front end; a shaft sleeve (17) is fixed on the upper end surface of the rear end by welding, and six circular through holes with a diameter of 17 mm are opened at equal intervals at the front end; The multi-section shaft (19) is composed of four sections of threaded rods and cylinders with different diameters, and is machined by turning; the upper section is a threaded rod with a diameter of 17 mm, which is fixed to the lower end surface of the adjusting plate (18) by a nut; the middle upper section is a cylindrical shaft with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 20 mm; the middle lower section is a cylindrical shaft with a diameter of 15 mm and a length of 25 mm, which is fixed to the inner ring of the bearing; the lower section is a threaded rod with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 20 mm; The fixed bearing (20) is installed in the middle and lower sections of the multi-section shaft (19), and the outer side is fixed in the fixed groove (33) in the middle part of the frame assembly (C); The main body of the fixing frame (21) is welded from a steel plate with a thickness of 5 mm. Two left and right guard plates are welded on the front end of the upper end surface. The guard plates shrink inwards and leave an opening in the middle. A guard plate with a height of 80 mm is welded on the rear end. Guard plates are welded on all sides of the lower end surface. Two left and right rectangular steel pipes for fixing the mounting plate (16) are welded in the middle. The left and right guard plate end surfaces of the lower end surface are respectively provided with two upper and lower rows of 3 holes in each row, a total of 6 holes with a diameter of 8 mm. A double vertical plate (22) is fixed by welding at the middle position of the tail of the lower end surface. The double upright plates (22) are made of two steel plates with a thickness of 10 mm, and each of them has a circular through hole with a diameter of 12 mm at the lower front position; the upper end surface is fixed to the middle position of the rear part of the lower end surface of the fixing frame (21) by welding, and a bearing is fixed in the circular through hole at the lower part by bolts; There are two slide rails (23), which are fixed to the guard plates on the left and right sides below the fixing frame (21) by 6 bolts respectively; The motor (24) is located below the fixed frame (21), and the output shaft is connected to the input shaft of the reducer (25); The reducer (25) is located behind the motor (24) and is fixed to a reducer fixing seat (32) on the frame assembly (C) by four bolts; the power input shaft is connected to the power output shaft of the motor (24), and the power output shaft is fixed to the connector (26) by a flat key; The connector (26) is welded by a flange and a cylinder. Four circular through holes are opened at equal intervals around the flange and fixed together with the eccentric disk (27) by bolts. A keyway is opened inside the cylinder and fixed to the power output shaft of the reducer (25) by a flat key. The eccentric disk (27) is made of a disk with a thickness of 20 mm and a diameter of 80 mm, and is provided with four bolt holes with a diameter of 10 mm on the periphery, and is fixed to the connector (26) by bolts; four bolt holes with a diameter of 12 mm are provided inside, and the distances between the centers of the bolt holes and the center of the disk are 12.5 mm, 15 mm, 17.5 mm and 20 mm respectively; the bolt holes are fixed to the double-headed connecting shaft (28) by bolts; The double-ended connecting shaft (28) is composed of two cylinders with an outer diameter of 50 mm welded at the two shaft ends, and the two shaft front ends are fixed together by bolts; bearings are installed inside the cylinders at both ends, one end is fixed to the eccentric disk (27) by bolts, and the other end is fixed to the middle of the double vertical plates (22) by bolts.

4. The reciprocating torsion low-damage threshing test bench for crushed corn ears according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The frame assembly (C) comprises a frame base (29), an upper mounting frame body (30), a slideway (31), a reducer fixing seat (32), a fixing groove (33) and an angle adjustment plate (34); The frame base (29) is welded from four rectangular cross-section steel pipes and is located at the bottom of the entire test bench, with the lower end surface in contact with the ground; The upper mounting frame body (30) is welded from a rectangular cross-section steel pipe and a steel plate, and the four corners of the lower end are hingedly connected to an angle adjustment plate (34) welded to the frame base (29) through bolts; the upper end surface is evenly distributed with bolt holes, and is fixed to four fixing blocks (9) through bolts; There are four slideways (31), two in a group, which are arranged at the left and right ends of the upper inner side of the upper mounting frame body (30) and are fixed inside the upper mounting frame body (30) by six bolts respectively; The reducer fixing seat (32) is welded from a rectangular cross-section steel pipe and a steel plate, and is fixed to the right side of the lower rear end of the upper mounting frame body (30) by welding. The lower side is a rectangular cross-section steel pipe, and the upper side is a steel plate, and four threaded holes are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the steel plate. The fixing groove (33) is welded from a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm and is fixed to the middle position of the lower end of the upper mounting frame body (30) by welding to form a slot in the left-right direction. The angle adjustment plate (34) is composed of four steel plates with a thickness of 10 mm, two shorter steel plates are provided with circular through holes with a diameter of 12 mm at the top, and are installed on the left and right sides of the front end of the frame base (29) by welding, and the mounting frame body (30) is hingedly connected to the circular through holes by bolts; two longer steel plates are separately placed on the left and right sides of the rear end of the frame base (29) by welding, with the front hinge point as the center of the circle and the distance from the front hinge point to the rear fixed point as the radius, and six groups of circular through holes are distributed in an arc shape on the two longer steel plates.

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