Flower cultivation soil based on waste pit mud and vinasse and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides flower cultivation soil based on waste pit mud and vinasse and a preparation method thereof.The method comprises the following steps that S1, the waste pit mud is dried, ground and then screened, and large stone strips with the particle size larger than 4 mm, large gravel particles with the particle size ranging from 2 mm to 4 mm and purplish red mud with the particle size smaller than 2 mm are obtained; s2, mixing the purplish red mud and the large-particle sandstone according to the mass ratio of 7: 3-8: 2 to obtain boulder-free pit mud; s3, mixing the cellar mud without boulder and distillers' grains according to the mass ratio of 7.5: 2.5-8.5: 1.5 to obtain a cultivation soil matrix; s4, lime is added into the cultivation soil matrix to adjust the pH to be 6-7, a proper amount of surfactant is added, and the flower cultivation soil is obtained through mixing. According to the method, the flower cultivation soil with proper porosity and rich organic matters can be obtained, the growth of plants can be effectively promoted, and the recycling of the waste pit mud and the vinasse is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization in wineries, and specifically relates to a flower cultivation soil based on waste cellar mud and distiller's grains and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the winemaking process, a large amount of solid waste and wastewater are generated. Cellar mud and lees are typical solid wastes generated by wineries. Cellar mud is a microbial carrier and contains a large number of microbial populations required for winemaking. As time goes by, the nutrients required by microorganisms in the cellar mud gradually decrease, causing the cellar mud to age and become ineffective. Ineffective cellar mud is generally compounded with fresh cellar mud in small quantities for reuse, but a large amount of waste cellar mud is still generated, which is generally only simply landfilled. Cellar mud contains a large amount of high-quality clay, and direct landfilling will result in a waste of high-quality clay resources.

[0003] Wine lees are the product of grain fermentation, containing a large amount of high-quality organic matter. The current mainstream treatment method is to dry and then burn them, which also causes waste of organic resources. It is particularly important for wineries to develop a coordinated disposal method for wastes such as cellar mud and wine lees. On the one hand, it can reduce the cost of solid waste disposal in wineries, and on the other hand, it will also generate certain economic value, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of wineries.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a method for utilizing winery waste pit mud and lees. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides a flower cultivation soil based on waste cellar mud and distiller's grains and a preparation method thereof. The method particles utilize waste cellar mud and distiller's grains to prepare high-quality flower cultivation soil, which can effectively promote the growth of plants.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing flower cultivation soil based on waste cellar mud and wine lees, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: drying and grinding the waste pit mud and then sieving it to obtain large blocks of stone, large particles of sandstone with a particle size of 2 to 4 mm, and purple-red mud with a particle size of less than 2 mm;

[0008] Step S2: mixing purple-red mud and large-grained sandstone in a mass ratio of 7:3 to 8:2 to obtain stone-free pit mud;

[0009] Step S3: mixing the stone-free cellar mud and distiller's grains in a mass ratio of 7.5:2.5 to 8.5:1.5 to obtain a cultivation soil matrix;

[0010] Step S4: adding lime to the cultivation soil matrix to adjust the pH to 6-7, and adding a surfactant to obtain flower cultivation soil.

[0011] According to the present application, waste cellar mud is separated to obtain large-particle sand and purple-red mud, which are mixed in a certain proportion to obtain stone-free cellar mud, which are then mixed with distiller's grains in a certain proportion to obtain a cultivation soil matrix, which is then adjusted to a suitable pH and a surfactant is added to obtain flower cultivation soil with a suitable porosity and rich in organic matter, which can effectively promote plant growth and realize the recycling of waste cellar mud and distiller's grains.

[0012] In some embodiments, in step S1, the screening process includes: passing the dried and ground waste pit mud through a sieve with a hole diameter of 4 mm to separate large pieces of stone and a mixture; then passing the mixture through a sieve with a hole diameter of 2 mm to separate large particles of sand and gravel with a particle size of 2 to 4 mm and purple-red mud with a particle size of less than 2 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the waste cellar mud comes from a Maotai-flavor liquor cellar.

[0014] In some embodiments, the distiller's grains are sauce-flavor distiller's grains.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step S4, based on the mass of the cultivation soil matrix, the amount of surfactant added is 2 to 6 mg / kg.

[0016] In some embodiments, the surfactant includes at least one of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sucrose fatty acid ester, or dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0017] In some embodiments, step S4 is performed in a horizontal drum mixer, with stirring at a stirring speed of 20 to 30 rpm for 15 to 30 min.

[0018] In some embodiments, the amount of lime added is 5-10 g / kg based on the mass of the cultivation soil matrix.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a flower cultivation soil based on waste cellar mud and wine lees, which is prepared according to the method of any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0020] According to the present application, the flower cultivation soil is prepared according to the method of any implementation mode of the first aspect, and therefore has the beneficial effects of the first aspect and can effectively promote the growth of plants.

[0021] In some embodiments, the porosity of the flower growing soil is 50% to 56%.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0023] By utilizing waste cellar mud and wine lees and adding appropriate amounts of lime and surfactants, flower cultivation soil with suitable porosity and rich organic matter can be obtained, which can effectively promote plant growth and realize the recycling of waste cellar mud and wine lees. At the same time, there is no need to add other components, which can effectively reduce the recycling cost. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0025] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the implementation or examples are included in at least one implementation or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same implementation or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more implementations or examples in a suitable manner.

[0026] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0027] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing flower cultivation soil based on waste cellar mud and wine lees, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Step S1: drying and grinding the waste pit mud and then sieving it to obtain large blocks of stone, large particles of sandstone with a particle size of 2 to 4 mm, and purple-red mud with a particle size of less than 2 mm;

[0029] Step S2: mixing purple-red mud and large-grained sandstone in a mass ratio of 7:3 to 8:2 to obtain stone-free pit mud;

[0030] Step S3: mixing the stone-free cellar mud and distiller's grains in a mass ratio of 7.5:2.5 to 8.5:1.5 to obtain a cultivation soil matrix;

[0031] Step S4: adding lime to the cultivation soil matrix to adjust the pH to 6-7, and adding a surfactant to obtain flower cultivation soil.

[0032] According to the present application, waste cellar mud is separated to obtain large-particle sand and purple-red mud, which are mixed in a certain proportion to obtain stone-free cellar mud, which are then mixed with distiller's grains in a certain proportion to obtain a cultivation soil matrix, which is then adjusted to a suitable pH and a surfactant is added to obtain flower cultivation soil with a suitable porosity and rich in organic matter, which can effectively promote plant growth and realize the recycling of waste cellar mud and distiller's grains.

[0033] Specifically, in step S1, the main components of the abandoned pit mud are large pieces of stone, large-grained sand and gravel, and purple-red mud, wherein the large pieces of stone are of no use value for the preparation of flower cultivation soil and can be separated and removed, and the obtained large pieces of stone can also be reused as new pit mud ingredients, and the large-grained sand and gravel after removing the stone can adjust the porosity of the cultivation soil, so that the flower cultivation soil has suitable air permeability, which is beneficial to the growth of plant roots and the reproduction and activity of microorganisms; purple-red mud is high-quality clay in the abandoned pit mud, which contains minerals (such as iron, silicon, etc.) and organic matter required by various plants, and can also promote the reproduction and activity of microorganisms, help decompose organic matter and release nutrients that can be absorbed by plants, so that the separated large-grained sand and gravel and purple-red mud can be used for standby;

[0034] In step S2, purple-red mud and large-grained sand and gravel are mixed according to the above mass ratio, wherein purple-red mud is used as the main body to make the stone-free cellar mud have a higher content of components that promote plant growth, and the mixing of large-grained sand and gravel in the above ratio is conducive to making the cultivation soil have a suitable porosity;

[0035] In step S3, the stone cellar mud and the wine lees are mixed according to the above mass ratio. The wine lees contain a large amount of organic matter and microorganisms, which can effectively improve the fertility of the cultivation soil and promote the growth of plants. At the same time, the wine lees will also affect the porosity of the flower cultivation soil. Mixing according to the above ratio can make the flower cultivation soil have high fertility and appropriate porosity;

[0036] In step S4, surfactant is added to the cultivation soil matrix, which can reduce surface tension, promote better penetration of water such as soil, avoid water concentration on the surface, reduce evaporation of water, promote uniform distribution of soil moisture, and alleviate the problem of compaction; it can also improve the microbial environment in the soil, and cooperate with the microorganisms in the lees to promote the decomposition of organic matter; in addition, since organic acids such as lactic acid, acetic acid, and citric acid are generally present in the lees, the pH of the soil will be lower, which is not suitable for the growth of plants, and is also not conducive to the reproduction and activity of microorganisms. By adding lime, the pH of the soil is adjusted to 6-7, and this condition is more conducive to the growth of plants; the flower cultivation soil has a suitable porosity after accumulation, so that it has suitable air permeability, and promotes the growth of plant roots and microorganisms; in the process, volatile substances (such as alcohol, low-grade aldehydes, etc.) in the lees are fully volatilized and removed, reducing the adverse effects of the above-mentioned components on plants, and microorganisms continue to decompose organic matter and improve the fertility of the cultivation soil. Therefore, obtaining flower cultivation soil by the above method can effectively promote the growth of plants and realize the recycling of abandoned pit mud and lees.

[0037] In some embodiments, in step S1, the screening process includes: passing the dried and ground waste pit mud through a sieve with a hole diameter of 4 mm to separate large pieces of stone and a mixture; then passing the mixture through a sieve with a hole diameter of 2 mm to separate large particles of sand and gravel with a particle size of 2 to 4 mm and purple-red mud with a particle size of less than 2 mm.

[0038] Based on the above implementation mode, the waste pit mud after drying and grinding is screened through a sieve with a hole diameter of 4 mm, which can separate and remove large pieces of stone with a particle size greater than 4 mm. The screened mixture is further passed through a sieve with a hole diameter of 2 mm, that is, large-particle sand and gravel with a particle size of 2 to 4 mm and purple-red mud with a particle size less than 2 mm can be separated. The porosity of the flower cultivation soil can be regulated by mixing the separated large-particle sand and gravel and purple-red mud.

[0039] In some embodiments, the waste pit mud comes from a Maotai-flavor wine cellar. Based on the above embodiments, it can be understood that the types of minerals and organic matter in the waste pit mud from different flavor wine cellars are different. The waste pit mud from the Maotai-flavor wine cellar contains higher levels of minerals such as iron, manganese, and calcium. At the same time, the Maotai-flavor wine cellar mud can usually provide better air permeability and humidity regulation capabilities during the fermentation process. This soil characteristic can promote slow fermentation and long-term aging of the wine body, and help the flavor of the wine to gradually enrich and mature. Therefore, using the waste pit mud from the Maotai-flavor wine cellar is more conducive to plant growth.

[0040] In some embodiments, the wine lees are sauce-flavor wine lees. Based on the above embodiments, it can be understood that the types of minerals and organic matter in wine lees of different flavors are different, and the sauce-flavor wine lees are rich in minerals and organic matter, which can promote the growth and development of plants, and can also increase the water retention capacity and air permeability of the soil, and reduce the compaction of the soil. Therefore, the use of sauce-flavor wine lees can be more conducive to the growth of plants.

[0041] In some embodiments, in step S4, the amount of surfactant added is 2 to 6 mg / kg based on the mass of the cultivation soil matrix. Based on the above embodiments, by adding the above-mentioned amount of surfactant to the cultivation soil matrix, soil compaction can be reduced and soil fertility can be improved by improving water permeability, increasing nutrient effectiveness, improving soil structure and promoting microbial activity, thereby effectively improving soil wettability and air permeability and promoting plant growth.

[0042] In some embodiments, in step S4, after adding the surfactant, the soil is piled up for more than 21 days to obtain the flower cultivation soil. Based on the above embodiment, during the stacking process, due to the effect of gravity and water volatilization, the porosity of the cultivation soil gradually decreases and tends to be stable after 21 days. After standing and piling for more than 21 days, the flower cultivation soil with suitable porosity can be obtained.

[0043] In some embodiments, the surfactant includes at least one of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sucrose fatty acid ester, or dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride. Based on the above embodiments, the use of the above types of surfactants can effectively promote plant growth.

[0044] In some embodiments, step S4 is performed in a horizontal drum mixer at a stirring speed of 20 to 30 rpm for 15 to 30 min. Based on the above embodiments, the above conditions can fully mix the components in the cultivation soil, and the cultivation soil with more uniform components can promote plant growth.

[0045] In some embodiments, the amount of lime added is 5 to 10 g / kg based on the mass of the cultivation soil matrix. Based on the above embodiment, by using the above amount of lime added, the soil pH can be adjusted while Ca element is added to the soil, which can promote plant growth.

[0046] In a second aspect, the present application provides a flower cultivation soil based on waste cellar mud and wine lees, which is prepared according to the method of any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0047] According to the present application, the flower cultivation soil is prepared according to the method of any implementation mode of the first aspect, and therefore has the beneficial effects of the first aspect and can effectively promote the growth of plants.

[0048] In some embodiments, the porosity of the flower cultivation soil is 50% to 56%. Based on the above embodiments, when the porosity of the flower cultivation soil is 50% to 56%, it is beneficial to provide appropriate water retention capacity and good drainage, while ensuring sufficient air exchange, supporting healthy root growth, and promoting better plant growth.

[0049] The scheme of the present application is described below in conjunction with the following specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following examples are all from common commercial products, and the devices or equipment used are all purchased from conventional market sales channels.

[0050] The waste cellar mud comes from the cellar mud of a sauce-flavor wine cellar produced by a winery in Guizhou. The waste cellar mud is dried, ground, and passed through a sieve with a hole diameter of 4 mm to separate large pieces of stone and a mixture. The mixture is then passed through a sieve with a hole diameter of 2 mm to separate large particles of sand and gravel with a particle size of 2 to 4 mm and purple-red mud for use.

[0051] The lees come from the sauce-flavored lees produced by a winery in Guizhou.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A method for preparing flower cultivation soil:

[0054] Purple red mud and large-particle sand and gravel are prepared in a mass ratio of 7:3 to obtain stone-free cellar mud. Stone-free cellar mud and wine lees are prepared in a mass ratio of 7.5:2.5 to obtain a cultivation soil matrix. 5 g / kg of lime and 2 mg / kg of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) are added and mixed in a horizontal mixer at a stirring speed of 20 rpm. Finally, the soil is allowed to stand and pile for 21 days to obtain flower cultivation soil.

[0055] The soil porosity and pH value of the flower cultivation soil are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Embodiment 2-3

[0057] A method for preparing flower cultivation soil:

[0058] The method is substantially the same as Example 1, except for the addition amount of lime and surfactant, as shown in Table 1.

[0059] The soil porosity and pH value of the flower cultivation soil are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Embodiments 4 to 6

[0061] A method for preparing flower cultivation soil:

[0062] It is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the type of surfactant is different, as shown in Table 1.

[0063] The soil porosity and pH value of the flower cultivation soil are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Example 7

[0065] A method for preparing flower cultivation soil:

[0066] It is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the mass ratio of purple red mud to sand and gravel is different, as shown in Table 1.

[0067] The soil porosity and pH value of the flower cultivation soil are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Example 8

[0069] A method for preparing flower cultivation soil:

[0070] It is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the mass ratio of the stone-free cellar mud to the lees is different, as shown in Table 1.

[0071] The soil porosity and pH value of the flower cultivation soil are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Comparative Examples 1-2

[0073] A method for preparing flower cultivation soil:

[0074] It is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the mass ratio of purple red mud to sand and gravel is different, as shown in Table 1.

[0075] The soil porosity and pH value of the flower cultivation soil are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Comparative Example 3

[0077] A method for preparing flower cultivation soil:

[0078] It is substantially the same as Example 1, except that no surfactant is added, as shown in Table 1.

[0079] The soil porosity and pH value of the flower cultivation soil are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Comparative Examples 4-5

[0081] A method for preparing flower cultivation soil:

[0082] It is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the mass ratio of the stone-free cellar mud to the lees is different, as shown in Table 1.

[0083] The soil porosity and pH value of the flower cultivation soil are shown in Table 1.

[0084] Table 1

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] The flower cultivation soil prepared in Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was used for a Chlorophytum cultivation test, with the test variety: Chlorophytum comosum; the flowerpot specifications were 15 cm × 9 cm × 10.5 cm (upper circle diameter × lower circle diameter × pot height), and a plant with a root length of 5 cm and a plant height of about 8 cm was selected, with a growth condition similar to that of a seedling. One plant was planted in each pot, and 10 pots were cultivated in each group of nutrient soil and placed in the same cultivation greenhouse. The cultivation greenhouse was an intelligent greenhouse with a temperature controlled at 15 to 25°C. Other management measures were consistent with the conventional Chlorophytum cultivation management process. The cultivation time was 60 days, and the measured growth and development indicators of Chlorophytum comosum included plant height, crown width, maximum leaf width, maximum leaf length, and root volume. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0088] Table 2

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] According to Table 1 and Table 2, each embodiment can prepare flower cultivation soil with suitable pH and soil porosity by using waste pit mud and distiller's grains as raw materials and mixing a certain mass of lime and surfactant, which can more effectively promote plant growth compared with the comparative example. The mass ratio of purple-red mud to sandstone, the mass ratio of stone-free pit mud to distiller's grains, and whether to add surfactant have a great influence on the soil porosity of flower cultivation soil, and when the soil porosity is between 50% and 56%, it is more conducive to plant growth.

[0092] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing flower cultivation soil based on waste cellar mud and distiller's grains, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: drying and grinding the waste pit mud and then sieving it to obtain large blocks of stone, large particles of sandstone with a particle size of 2 to 4 mm, and purple-red mud with a particle size of less than 2 mm; Step S2: mixing purple-red mud and large-grained sandstone in a mass ratio of 7:3 to 8:2 to obtain stone-free pit mud; Step S3: mixing the stone-free cellar mud and distiller's grains in a mass ratio of 7.5:2.5 to 8.5:1.5 to obtain a cultivation soil matrix; Step S4: adding lime to the cultivation soil matrix to adjust the pH to 6-7, and adding a surfactant to obtain flower cultivation soil.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the screening process includes: passing the dried and ground waste pit mud through a sieve with a 4 mm diameter to separate large pieces of stone and a mixture; and then passing the mixture through a sieve with a 2 mm diameter to separate large particles of sand and gravel with a particle size of 2 to 4 mm and purple-red mud with a particle size of less than 2 mm.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The waste cellar mud comes from the Maotai-flavor liquor cellar.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The distiller's grains are sauce-flavored distiller's grains.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, based on the mass of the cultivation soil matrix, the added amount of the surfactant is 2-6 mg / kg.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that The surfactant includes at least one of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sucrose fatty acid ester or dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step S4 is carried out in a horizontal drum mixer, with stirring at a stirring speed of 20 to 30 rpm for 15 to 30 minutes.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the mass of the culture soil matrix, the amount of lime added is 5 to 10 g / kg.

9. A flower cultivation soil based on waste cellar mud and distiller's grains, characterized in that: Prepared according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The flower cultivation soil according to claim 9, characterized in that: The porosity of flower cultivation soil is 50% to 56%.

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