Self-protection adjusting decompression device for gastrointestinal tract in surgery department

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and provides a self-protection adjusting surgical gastrointestinal decompression device which comprises a fixing seat, and a constant pressure structure is fixedly mounted at the top end of the fixing seat. By arranging a constant pressure structure, when a servo motor drives a rotating base to rotate through a gearbox, a pressing wheel can extrude a rubber pipe to deform, water in the rubber pipe flows, water flowing can drive air pressure in a first water tank and air pressure in a second water tank to change, and the pressing wheel is rotationally connected with the rotating base; the rubber pipe is prevented from deviating along with rotation of the rotating seat, the service life of the rubber pipe is prolonged, the rotating speed of the rotating seat is adjusted through the gearbox, the flow speed of water in the rubber pipe is changed, then air pressure in the first water tank and the second water tank is constantly changed, and damage to gastrointestinal endometrial tissue caused by unstable negative pressure is avoided; the function of providing constant negative pressure is achieved, and therefore the safety of the decompression device for the gastrointestinal tract in the surgical department is improved in the using process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a self-protective and adjustable decompression device for surgical gastrointestinal tract. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress of society, the medical equipment industry has developed rapidly. In the process of surgical treatment, gastrointestinal decompression is to insert a gastric tube from the oral cavity or nasal cavity using the principle of negative pressure suction and siphoning, and to suck out the gas and liquid accumulated in the gastrointestinal tract through the gastric tube. It can reduce the pressure and expansion degree in the gastrointestinal tract for patients with gastrointestinal obstruction, prevent the gastrointestinal contents from continuing to leak into the abdominal cavity through the rupture for patients with gastrointestinal perforation, and is conducive to the healing of the anastomosis after gastrointestinal anastomosis. When performing gastrointestinal drainage, a constant and stable negative pressure is required to negatively drain the gas and liquid inside the gastrointestinal tract, so a self-protection and regulating surgical gastrointestinal decompression device is used;

[0003] To this end, the patent with the authorization announcement number CN212679709U discloses a surgical gastrointestinal decompression device, including a driving motor and an air bag, a disc is installed at the end of the output shaft of the driving motor, the disc is rotatably connected to one end of the pull rod, a push plate is installed on the top of the air bag, a first non-return valve is installed on one side of the top of the air bag, the bottom of the frame is threadedly connected to the opening at the top of the liquid storage bottle, a liquid inlet is welded on one side of the liquid storage bottle, a pressure relief head is threadedly installed at the end of the liquid inlet, and the outer end of the pressure relief head is connected to one end of the disposable pipette. The utility model uses a spring to closely fit the push plug plate with the air hole when the internal pressure of the shell is maintained at a constant negative pressure, and the ventilation cavity is closed with the inside of the shell. When the internal pressure of the shell exceeds the rated negative pressure, the external atmospheric pressure pushes the plug plate and the air hole to separate so that the internal pressure of the shell and the disposable pipette quickly returns to the rated value, thereby avoiding damage to the gastrointestinal lining tissue due to excessive negative pressure inside the disposable pipette, thereby improving the safety of use;

[0004] The above-mentioned Chinese and foreign gastrointestinal decompression device uses a driving motor to drive a disc to rotate. The rotation of the disc is connected to one end of the pull rod. The end driven by the rotation of the disc performs eccentric motion. The eccentric motion of one end of the pull rod drives the other end to move up and down, driving the push plate to move up and down. The push plate is installed on the top of the airbag. The push plate moves up and down to squeeze or reset the airbag. The reciprocating extrusion of the airbag maintains a negative pressure environment inside the liquid storage bottle. The stability is good, and the pressure inside the liquid storage bottle is stable. The pressure can be easily controlled by controlling the reciprocating speed of the airbag extrusion by controlling the rotation speed of the disc. However, during the reciprocating extrusion process of the airbag, negative pressure will only be generated when it is reset. During compression, the negative pressure in the pipette will disappear, and it cannot work normally. In addition, the negative pressure generated when the airbag is reset is not constant, which can easily cause the pipette to damage the gastrointestinal lining tissue, making it unsafe when used. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-protective and adjustable decompression device for surgical gastrointestinal tract to solve the defect that the existing decompression device for surgical gastrointestinal tract cannot continuously provide a constant negative pressure.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device, comprising a fixing seat;

[0007] A constant pressure structure is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed seat, and the constant pressure structure includes a limit seat, a mounting seat, a rotating seat, a pressure wheel, a gearbox, a servo motor and a rubber tube. The limit seat is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed seat by bolts, and the mounting seat is fixedly installed on the top of the limit seat by bolts. A gearbox is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top of the mounting seat, and a servo motor is fixedly installed on the top of the gearbox. A rotating seat is arranged inside the limit seat, and both ends of the rotating seat are rotatably connected with the pressure wheel. A rubber tube is arranged inside the limit seat outside the pressure wheel, one end of the rubber tube extends to the outside of the limit seat and is fixedly installed with a first water tank, and the other end of the rubber tube extends to the outside of the limit seat and is fixedly installed with a second water tank.

[0008] A water inlet pipe is fixed on one side of the top of the first water tank, and a pressure relief structure is fixed on the top of both the first water tank and the second water tank;

[0009] A filtering structure is fixed on one side of the pressure relief structure, a collecting bottle is arranged on the side of the second water tank away from the fixing seat, a rubber plug is sealed on the top of the collecting bottle, and a liquid inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe are respectively passed through the two sides of the rubber plug.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the limiting seat away from the first water tank is in an arc shape, and the rubber tube is in a "U" shape inside the limiting seat.

[0011] Preferably, the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox, and the output end of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top end of the rotating seat.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the rubber tube is connected to the bottom of the first water tank, and the other end of the rubber tube is connected to the bottom of the second water tank.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure relief structure includes a steering tube, a cover plate, a ventilation pipe, a connecting seat, an exhaust groove, a limit ring and a connecting hole, one end of the steering tube is fixedly connected to the top of the first water tank, the other end of the steering tube is fixedly connected to the top of the second water tank, a cover plate is provided on one side at the middle position of the steering tube, connecting seats are fixed to the outer walls of the steering tubes on both sides of the cover plate, a ventilation pipe is provided inside the steering tube on one side of the cover plate, limiting rings are fixed inside the steering tubes at both ends of the cover plate, a connecting hole is opened at the middle position of the steering tube away from the cover plate, and exhaust grooves are opened on both sides of the connecting hole in the steering tube.

[0014] Preferably, both sides of the cover plate are fixedly connected to the connecting seat by bolts, a guide block is fixed on the inner wall side of the cover plate, a guide groove is provided on the side of the ventilation pipe close to the guide block, one-way valves are fixedly installed at both ends of the ventilation pipe, and exhaust holes are provided at both ends of the ventilation pipe close to the connecting hole.

[0015] Preferably, the ventilation pipe and the guide block form a sliding structure through the guide groove, and the length of the ventilation pipe is smaller than the distance between the two groups of exhaust grooves.

[0016] Preferably, the filtering structure includes a filter tube, an end cap and a connecting tube, the filter tube is arranged on one side of the steering tube, end caps are arranged on the outer sides of both ends of the filter tube, a sealing ring is arranged on one end of the filter tube inside the end cap, a connecting tube is fixed on one side of the end cap at one end of the filter tube, and one side of the end cap at the other end of the filter tube is fixedly connected to one end of the exhaust pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the filter tube and the end cover are snap-connected, one end of the connecting tube is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steering tube outside the connecting hole, and a filter element is placed inside the filter tube.

[0018] Preferably, valves are installed inside the liquid inlet pipe outside the rubber stopper and the exhaust pipe, and the lowest point of the liquid inlet pipe inside the collecting bottle is located below the lowest point of the exhaust pipe.

[0019] The invention provides a self-protection and regulating surgical gastrointestinal decompression device, which has the following advantages:

[0020] By providing a constant pressure structure, when the servo motor drives the rotating seat to rotate through the gearbox, under the limiting action of the limiting seat, the pressure wheel will squeeze the rubber tube to deform, so that the water inside the rubber tube will flow, and the water flow will drive the air pressure inside the first water tank and the second water tank to change. The pressure wheel and the rotating seat are rotatably connected, which avoids the rubber tube from deviating with the rotation of the rotating seat, and prolongs the service life of the rubber tube. The rotating speed of the rotating seat is adjusted by the gearbox to change the flow speed of the water inside the rubber tube, thereby causing the air pressure inside the first water tank and the second water tank to change constantly, avoiding the damage of the gastrointestinal lining tissue caused by unstable negative pressure, and realizing the function of the device to provide constant negative pressure, thereby improving the safety of the surgical gastrointestinal tract decompression device when in use;

[0021] Furthermore, the air pressure inside the first water tank and the second water tank changes, which will cause an air pressure difference at both ends of the steering tube. The one-way valve at the end with high pressure is closed, and the one-way valve at the end with low pressure is opened. Under the push of the air pressure, the ventilation tube will move inside the steering tube. Under the guiding action of the guide block, the ventilation tube is prevented from rotating inside the steering tube. When one end of the ventilation tube conflicts with one end of the limit ring, the exhaust hole is connected to the connecting hole. At this time, the end with high pressure is depressurized through the exhaust groove, and the end with low pressure is connected to the connecting tube through the connecting hole. The pressure inside the collection bottle is reduced through the exhaust pipe, and then the pipette starts to work. After the servo motor turns, the ventilation tube moves in the opposite direction, while the pipette still works normally, realizing the function of the device to facilitate the adjustment of the pressure relief direction, thereby improving the working efficiency of the surgical gastrointestinal decompression device when in use.

[0022] Furthermore, the filter element is placed inside the filter tube, and the odor inside the collection bottle enters the filter tube through the exhaust pipe and is purified by the filter element, thereby avoiding odor pollution of the environment, thereby improving the applicability of the surgical gastrointestinal decompression device when in use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic side view of the constant pressure structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a front exploded schematic diagram of the constant pressure structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an explosion viewed from above of the constant pressure structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a front exploded schematic diagram of the pressure relief structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a side exploded schematic diagram of the pressure relief structure of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a top-view cross-section explosion of the pressure relief structure of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section of the filtering structure of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. fixed seat; 2. constant pressure structure; 21. limit seat; 22. mounting seat; 23. rotating seat; 24. pressure wheel; 25. gearbox; 26. servo motor; 27. rubber tube; 3. first water tank; 31. water inlet pipe; 4. pressure relief structure; 41. steering pipe; 42. cover plate; 421. guide block; 43. ventilation pipe; 431. guide groove; 432. one-way valve; 433. exhaust hole; 44. connecting seat; 45. exhaust groove; 46. limit ring; 47. connecting hole; 5. filtering structure; 51. filtering tube; 52. end cover; 521. sealing ring; 53. connecting pipe; 6. collecting bottle; 61. rubber plug; 62. liquid inlet pipe; 63. exhaust pipe; 7. second water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See also Figure 1-Figure 10 The present invention provides a self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device, which includes a fixing seat 1.

[0036] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a constant pressure structure 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed seat 1, and the constant pressure structure 2 includes a limit seat 21, a mounting seat 22, a rotating seat 23, a pressure wheel 24, a gearbox 25, a servo motor 26 and a rubber tube 27. The limit seat 21 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed seat 1 by bolts, and the mounting seat 22 is fixedly installed on the top of the limit seat 21 by bolts. The gearbox 25 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top of the mounting seat 22, and the servo motor 26 is fixedly installed on the top of the gearbox 25. The rotating seat 23 is arranged inside the limit seat 21, and the rotating wheel 24 is arranged on the top of the gearbox 25. Both ends of the moving seat 23 are rotatably connected with pressure wheels 24, and a rubber tube 27 is arranged inside the limit seat 21 outside the pressure wheel 24. The end of the limit seat 21 away from the first water tank 3 is in an arc shape, and the rubber tube 27 is in a "U" shape inside the limit seat 21. The output end of the servo motor 26 is fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox 25, and the output end of the gearbox 25 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top of the rotating seat 23. One end of the rubber tube 27 is connected to the bottom of the first water tank 3, and the other end of the rubber tube 27 is connected to the bottom of the second water tank 7.

[0037] An external power supply is used to store water in the first water tank 3 through the water inlet pipe 31. After water is stored, the valve inside the water inlet pipe 31 is closed to make the first water tank 3 in a sealed state. One end of the suction tube is fixedly connected to one end of the liquid inlet pipe 62, and the servo motor 26 is started. The servo motor 26 will drive the rotating seat 23 to rotate through the gearbox 25, and the rotating seat 23 will drive the pressure wheel 24 to move on the inner side of the rubber tube 27. Under the action of the limit seat 21, the pressure wheel 24 will squeeze the rubber tube 27 to deform, so that the water inside the rubber tube 27 flows. The first water tank 3 and the second water tank 7 are in a sealed state. When the water inside the first water tank 3 enters the second water tank 7 through the rubber tube 27, the air pressure inside the first water tank 3 will decrease, while the air pressure inside the second water tank 7 will increase. The rotation speed of the rotating seat 23 is controlled by the gearbox 25 to make the water flow speed inside the rubber tube 27 constant, thereby making the air pressure inside the first water tank 3 and the second water tank 7 change stably.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6-Figure 9As shown, one end of the rubber tube 27 extends to the outside of the limiting seat 21 and is fixedly installed with the first water tank 3, the other end of the rubber tube 27 extends to the outside of the limiting seat 21 and is fixedly installed with the second water tank 7, a water inlet pipe 31 is fixed to one side of the top of the first water tank 3, and the tops of the first water tank 3 and the second water tank 7 are both fixed with a pressure relief structure 4, the pressure relief structure 4 includes a steering tube 41, a cover plate 42, a ventilation pipe 43, a connecting seat 44, an exhaust groove 45, a limiting ring 46 and a connecting hole 47, one end of the steering tube 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the first water tank 3, the other end of the steering tube 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the second water tank 7, a cover plate 42 is provided on one side at the middle position of the steering tube 41, and the outer side walls of the steering tube 41 on both sides of the cover plate 42 are fixed with connecting seats 44, and the steering tube 41 on one side of the cover plate 42 A ventilation pipe 43 is arranged inside, and limiting rings 46 are fixed inside the steering pipe 41 at both ends of the cover plate 42. A connecting hole 47 is opened at the middle position of the steering pipe 41 away from the cover plate 42, and exhaust grooves 45 are opened on both sides of the connecting hole 47 in the steering pipe 41. The two sides of the cover plate 42 are fixedly connected to the connecting seat 44 by bolts, and a guide block 421 is fixed on the inner wall side of the cover plate 42. A guide groove 431 is opened on the side of the ventilation pipe 43 close to the guide block 421, and a one-way valve 432 is fixedly installed at both ends of the ventilation pipe 43. Exhaust holes 433 are opened at both ends of the ventilation pipe 43 close to the connecting hole 47. The ventilation pipe 43 and the guide block 421 form a sliding structure through the guide groove 431, and the length of the ventilation pipe 43 is less than the spacing between the two groups of exhaust grooves 45.

[0039] When water enters the second water tank 7 from the inside of the first water tank 3 through the rubber tube 27, the air pressure inside the second water tank 7 will increase, causing the air pressure at the end of the steering tube 41 close to the second water tank 7 to increase. At this time, the one-way valve 432 inside the ventilation tube 43 close to the end of the second water tank 7 is closed. Under the push of the gas, the ventilation tube 43 will move to the side of the first water tank 3 inside the steering tube 41. Under the guidance of the guide block 421, the ventilation tube 43 is prevented from rotating inside the steering tube 41. At the same time, the air pressure inside the first water tank 3 will decrease, causing the air pressure at the end of the steering tube 41 close to the first water tank 3 to decrease. At this time, the one-way valve 432 inside the ventilation tube 43 close to the end of the first water tank 3 is opened. When one end of 43 close to the first water tank 3 conflicts with the limit ring 46, the exhaust hole 433 on the side of the second water tank 7 inside the ventilation pipe 43 is connected with the connecting hole 47, and the exhaust groove 45 on the side of the steering pipe 41 close to the second water tank 7 is connected with the second water tank 7 through the steering pipe 41, the gas inside the second water tank 7 will be depressurized through the exhaust groove 45, and the first water tank 3 is connected to the connecting pipe 53 through the exhaust hole 433 and the connecting hole 47. Under the action of the exhaust pipe 63, the pressure inside the collecting bottle 6 is reduced, and the pipette starts to work. When the servo motor 26 turns, the ventilation pipe 43 moves in the opposite direction, so that the inside of the collecting bottle 6 is always in a constant negative pressure state, so that the pipette keeps working normally.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Fig.10 As shown, a filter structure 5 is fixed on one side of the pressure relief structure 4, and the filter structure 5 includes a filter tube 51, an end cover 52 and a connecting tube 53. The filter tube 51 is arranged on one side of the steering tube 41, and the outer sides of both ends of the filter tube 51 are provided with end covers 52, and one end of the filter tube 51 inside the end cover 52 is provided with a sealing ring 521. A connecting tube 53 is fixed on one side of the end cover 52 at one end of the filter tube 51, and one side of the end cover 52 at the other end of the filter tube 51 is fixedly connected to one end of the exhaust pipe 63, and the filter tube 51 and the end cover 52 are engaged. One end of the connecting pipe 53 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steering tube 41 outside the connecting hole 47, a filter element is placed inside the filter tube 51, a collecting bottle 6 is provided on the side of the second water tank 7 away from the fixing seat 1, a rubber plug 61 is sealed on the top of the collecting bottle 6, a liquid inlet pipe 62 and an exhaust pipe 63 are respectively penetrated on both sides of the rubber plug 61, valves are installed inside the liquid inlet pipe 62 and the exhaust pipe 63 outside the rubber plug 61, the lowest point of the liquid inlet pipe 62 inside the collecting bottle 6 is located below the lowest point of the exhaust pipe 63.

[0041] Put the filter element into the interior of the filter tube 51, and then snap the end caps 52 onto the two ends of the filter tube 51. The sealing ring 521 enhances the sealing performance of the connection between the filter tube 51 and the end caps 52. The interior of the filter tube 51 is in a negative pressure state, so that the end caps 52 are firmly fixed to the two ends of the filter tube 51. The pipette sucks the gas and liquid accumulated in the gastrointestinal tract into the interior of the collecting bottle 6 through the liquid inlet pipe 62. The odor inside the collecting bottle 6 will be purified by the filter element when passing through the filter tube 51, which effectively prevents the odor from being discharged. When replacing the collecting bottle 6, close the valves of the liquid inlet pipe 62 and the exhaust pipe 63 to avoid the spread of the odor.

[0042] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device, comprising a fixing seat (1); Features: A constant pressure structure (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed seat (1), and the constant pressure structure (2) comprises a limit seat (21), a mounting seat (22), a rotating seat (23), a pressure wheel (24), a gearbox (25), a servo motor (26) and a rubber tube (27). The limit seat (21) is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed seat (1) by means of bolts, and the mounting seat (22) is fixedly mounted on the top of the limit seat (21) by means of bolts. The gearbox (25) is fixedly mounted at the middle position of the top of the mounting seat (22). A servo motor (26) is fixedly installed at the top of the speed box (25); a rotating seat (23) is arranged inside the limit seat (21); both ends of the rotating seat (23) are rotatably connected to a pressure wheel (24); a rubber tube (27) is arranged inside the limit seat (21) outside the pressure wheel (24); one end of the rubber tube (27) extends to the outside of the limit seat (21) and is fixedly installed with a first water tank (3); the other end of the rubber tube (27) extends to the outside of the limit seat (21) and is fixedly installed with a second water tank (7); A water inlet pipe (31) is fixed to one side of the top of the first water tank (3), and a pressure relief structure (4) is fixed to the top of both the first water tank (3) and the second water tank (7); A filtering structure (5) is fixed on one side of the pressure relief structure (4); a collecting bottle (6) is provided on the side of the second water tank (7) away from the fixing seat (1); a rubber plug (61) is sealed and clamped on the top of the collecting bottle (6); and a liquid inlet pipe (62) and an exhaust pipe (63) are respectively penetrated on both sides of the rubber plug (61).

2. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the limiting seat (21) away from the first water tank (3) is in an arc shape, and the rubber tube (27) is in a "U" shape inside the limiting seat (21).

3. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the servo motor (26) is fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox (25), and the output end of the gearbox (25) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top end of the rotating seat (23).

4. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rubber tube (27) is connected to the bottom of the first water tank (3), and the other end of the rubber tube (27) is connected to the bottom of the second water tank (7).

5. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief structure (4) comprises a steering tube (41), a cover plate (42), a ventilation tube (43), a connecting seat (44), an exhaust groove (45), a limiting ring (46) and a connecting hole (47); one end of the steering tube (41) is fixedly connected to the top end of the first water tank (3); the other end of the steering tube (41) is fixedly connected to the top end of the second water tank (7); a cover plate (42) is provided on one side of the middle position of the steering tube (41); the cover plate (42) The outer walls of the steering tubes (41) on both sides are fixed with connection seats (44); a ventilation pipe (43) is arranged inside the steering tube (41) on one side of the cover plate (42); limiting rings (46) are fixed inside the steering tubes (41) at both ends of the cover plate (42); a connection hole (47) is provided inside the steering tube (41) at a middle position away from one side of the cover plate (42); and exhaust grooves (45) are provided on both sides of the connection hole (47) inside the steering tube (41).

6. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two sides of the cover plate (42) are fixedly connected to the connecting seat (44) by bolts, a guide block (421) is fixed on the inner wall side of the cover plate (42), a guide groove (431) is provided on the side of the ventilation pipe (43) close to the guide block (421), one-way valves (432) are fixedly installed at both ends of the ventilation pipe (43), and exhaust holes (433) are provided at both ends of the ventilation pipe (43) close to the connecting hole (47).

7. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ventilation pipe (43) and the guide block (421) form a sliding structure through the guide groove (431), and the length of the ventilation pipe (43) is less than the distance between the two groups of exhaust grooves (45).

8. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filtering structure (5) comprises a filtering tube (51), an end cover (52) and a connecting tube (53); the filtering tube (51) is arranged on one side of the steering tube (41); end covers (52) are arranged on the outside of both ends of the filtering tube (51); a sealing ring (521) is arranged on one end of the filtering tube (51) inside the end cover (52); a connecting tube (53) is fixed on one side of the end cover (52) at one end of the filtering tube (51); and one side of the end cover (52) at the other end of the filtering tube (51) is fixedly connected to one end of an exhaust pipe (63).

9. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filter tube (51) and the end cover (52) are snap-connected, one end of the connecting tube (53) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steering tube (41) outside the connecting hole (47), and a filter element is placed inside the filter tube (51).

10. A self-protective and adjustable surgical gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Valves are installed inside the liquid inlet pipe (62) and the exhaust pipe (63) outside the rubber stopper (61), and the lowest point of the liquid inlet pipe (62) inside the collecting bottle (6) is located below the lowest point of the exhaust pipe (63).

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