Preparation method of spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, dispersing Mg metal particles on a slide to form a particle single layer; step 2, depositing a platinum layer on the surface of the exposed magnesium ball by using a vacuum sputtering technology; thirdly, on the basis of the second step, a zinc layer continues to be sprayed through the vacuum sputtering technology; 4, stripping zinc-magnesium Janus particles from the slide side in the step 3 by using an ultrasonic method, and then centrifugally collecting the zinc-magnesium Janus particles; and 5, alternately washing the collected particles with absolute ethyl alcohol and isopropanol solutions for 3-5 times. The preparation method has the advantages that a complex process is not needed, the synthesis steps are simple, the spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor with the required particle size is directly obtained, and the spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor has strong reducibility and good biocompatibility and can be used in the fields of environmental restoration, drug carriers, bacteria sterilization and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing a spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor. Background Art

[0002] Self-driven micro / nanomotors are a new type of artificial micro / nano machines that can convert chemical energy or external energy into mechanical motion. These motors have shown broad application prospects in many fields such as active drug transport, biosensing, cell separation, microsurgery and environmental governance. The driving mechanism of micro / nanomotors is mainly divided into external field drive and chemical drive. Chemically driven micro / nanomotors, also known as self-driven micro / nanomotors, are usually driven by bubbles caused by reactions, or chemical gradients caused by reactions, thereby causing swimming effect to drive movement.

[0003] The main challenges faced by traditional self-driven micro / nanomotors are: they require hydrogen peroxide, acid, alkali, bromine or iodine aqueous solution as fuel, which is not only toxic but also has poor biocompatibility. In the human body, magnesium (Mg) is a biocompatible material and can be used as a biodegradable material in metal implants. 2+ Ions, as the fourth most abundant ion in the human body and a cofactor of more than 300 enzymes, are necessary for the normal functioning of many tissues and organs. Platinum is a material with high stability and high compatibility in biological media. Medical degradable metal zinc has become a hot topic, and has been involved in many national key research and development plans in recent years. As one of the essential trace elements for the human body, zinc is involved in almost all metabolic processes of the human body. As a component of many enzymes, zinc has a huge effect on human growth and development, nervous system, metabolic system, and even DNA regulation. Zinc is an essential component for regulating DNA replication, translation process and transcription DNA polymerase. The strong biocompatibility of zinc and its important participation in human physiological activities are the important reasons why we choose it as a material for synthesis. In previous studies, there were reports on the synthesis of magnesium-based micromotors and zinc-based micromotors, but there were no reports on making magnesium and zinc into Janus micro / nanomotors. We prepared magnesium and zinc into an asymmetric Janus structure to form a primary cell reaction in water. The reaction conditions are simple, and all the reaction products can be used as drugs, which can be completely degraded in the human body and have good biocompatibility. Not only can it achieve sustained and controlled release of drugs, but it also has efficient movement ability. This motor can directly use biocompatible fuels from natural sources such as water and acid as fuel to generate hydrogen bubbles to propel its power, eliminating the requirement for common toxic fuels. This micro / nanomotor is biofriendly in simulated body fluids or blood.

[0004] The document with patent number CN 114833337 B discloses a method for preparing spherical gallium-magnesium Janus particles. Gallium is a chemical element whose content in the human body is very low. Usually, a person weighing 70 kg only contains about 0.7 mg of gallium. The sources of gallium may include water sources and food. Under normal doses, pure gallium is harmless to the human body. Although small doses of gallium are harmless to the human body, some gallium compounds, especially those containing toxic substances such as arsenic, tellurium, phosphorus, and chlorine, may have adverse effects on the human body if ingested in excess. Compared with spherical gallium-magnesium Janus particles, zinc is an essential trace element for the human body. The recommended daily intake for adults is 11.5 to 15 mg. Pregnant women and lactating women require a slightly higher amount, 20 to 25 mg / day, which makes them safer in biomedical applications. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-driven micro / nano motor, specifically to provide a preparation method of a spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor.

[0006] The preparation method of a spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Dispersing Mg metal particles on a glass slide to form a particle monolayer;

[0008] Step 2: Deposit a platinum layer on the surface of the exposed magnesium ball using vacuum sputtering technology. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 60 seconds, with a spray current of 15 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor.

[0009] Step 3: Based on step 2, a zinc layer is continuously sprayed on the magnesium ball in step 2 by using vacuum sputtering technology. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 240 seconds, with a spray current of 5 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor.

[0010] Step 4: peeling the zinc-magnesium Janus particles from the side of the glass slide in step 3 by ultrasonic method, and then collecting them by centrifugation;

[0011] Step 5: Wash the collected particles with anhydrous ethanol and isopropanol solutions alternately for 3 to 5 times;

[0012] Step 6: Observe the morphology of the micron particles by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis.

[0013] Furthermore, the magnesium particles selected in the present invention have a particle size of 13±5 μm, and the purity of the vacuum sputtering zinc target is 99.999%.

[0014] Furthermore, in step six, the collected particles are washed alternately with anhydrous ethanol and isopropanol solutions for 4 times.

[0015] The present invention does not require the use of complex processes and has simple synthesis steps to directly obtain spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nanomotors of the desired particle size. The zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nanomotors prepared by the present invention have good biocompatibility. They can use biocompatible fuels such as water and acid from natural sources in the human body to spontaneously react with magnesium-water / acid to generate hydrogen bubbles, thereby achieving autonomous driving and eliminating the need for toxic fuels. The reaction products can all be used as drugs, which can achieve completely green disease treatment based on active systems, and can be used in many fields such as drug carriers and bacterial sterilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image (SEM) of a single spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor with a diameter of about 15 microns in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (EDX) of a single spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor with a diameter of about 15 microns in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 The particle size statistics of the spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nanomotors in the embodiments are measured using a scanning electron microscope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 The present invention is further described in detail with the following embodiments:

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Step 1: Disperse Mg metal particles with a particle size of 13 μm on a glass slide to form a particle monolayer;

[0022] Step 2: Deposit a platinum layer on the surface of the exposed magnesium ball using vacuum sputtering technology. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 60 seconds, with a spray current of 15 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor.

[0023] Step 3: Based on step 2, the zinc layer is further sprayed using vacuum sputtering technology. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 240 seconds, with a spray current of 5 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor.

[0024] Step 4: peeling zinc-magnesium Janus particles from the glass side by ultrasonic method, and then collecting them by centrifugation;

[0025] Step 5: Wash the collected particles with anhydrous ethanol and isopropanol solutions alternately for 4 times;

[0026] Step 6: Observe the morphology of the micro / nanomotor by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image (SEM) of a single spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor with a diameter of about 15 microns in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 The energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (EDX) of a single spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor with a diameter of about 15 microns in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the EDS spectrum. The distribution of magnesium, platinum and zinc in the Janus spherical micro motor is shown in the following analysis results. Figure 2 As shown, the Mg element signal is detected throughout the microsphere, the Pt element signal is detected in the asymmetric spherical cap, and a strong Zn element signal is detected where the Pt element exists.

[0029] Figure 3 The particle size statistics of the spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nanomotor in the embodiment are measured by scanning electron microscopy. Figure 3 The particle size distribution of the zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nanomotor shown is between 6 and 20 μm; most of them are distributed around 13 μm, and the particle size distribution is relatively concentrated.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Step 1: Disperse Mg metal particles with a particle size of 7 μm on a glass slide to form a particle monolayer;

[0032] Step 2: Deposit a platinum layer on the surface of the exposed magnesium ball using vacuum sputtering technology. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 60 seconds, with a spray current of 15 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor.

[0033] Step 3: Use vacuum sputtering technology to continue spraying a zinc layer on the magnesium ball in step 2. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 240 seconds, with a spray current of 5 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor.

[0034] Step 4: peeling the zinc-magnesium Janus particles from the side of the glass slide in step 3 by ultrasonic method, and then collecting them by centrifugation;

[0035] Step 5: Wash the collected particles with anhydrous ethanol and isopropanol solutions alternately for 3 times;

[0036] Step 6: Observe the morphology of the micron particles by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] Step 1: Disperse Mg metal particles with a particle size of 18 μm on a glass slide to form a particle monolayer;

[0039] Step 2: Deposit a platinum layer on the surface of the exposed magnesium ball using vacuum sputtering technology. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 60 seconds, with a spray current of 15 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor.

[0040] Step 3: Use vacuum sputtering technology to continue spraying a zinc layer on the magnesium ball in step 2. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 240 seconds, with a spray current of 5 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor.

[0041] Step 4: peeling the zinc-magnesium Janus particles from the side of the glass slide in step 3 by ultrasonic method, and then collecting them by centrifugation;

[0042] Step 5: Wash the collected particles with anhydrous ethanol and isopropanol solutions alternately for 5 times;

[0043] Step 6: Observe the morphology of the micron particles by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis.

[0044] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Dispersing Mg metal particles on a glass slide to form a particle monolayer; Step 2: Deposit a platinum layer on the surface of the exposed magnesium ball using vacuum sputtering technology. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 60 seconds, with a spray current of 15 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor. Step 3: Based on step 2, a zinc layer is further sprayed on the magnesium ball using vacuum sputtering technology. The deposition process is carried out at room temperature for 240 seconds, with a spray current of 5 mA and an Ar pressure of 2.5 mTor. Step 4: peeling zinc-magnesium Janus particles from the glass side by ultrasonic method, and then collecting them by centrifugation; Step 5: Wash the collected particles with anhydrous ethanol and isopropanol solutions alternately for 3 to 5 times; Step 6: Observe the morphology of the micro / nano motor through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX).

2. The method for preparing a spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnesium particles in step 1 mainly have a particle size of 13±5 μm.

3. The method for preparing a spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purity of the vacuum sputtering zinc target in step 3 is 99.999%.

4. The method for preparing a spherical zinc-magnesium Janus micro / nano motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, the collected particles are washed 4 times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and isopropanol solutions.

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