Wear-resistant environment-friendly plastic tray and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a wear-resistant environment-friendly plastic tray and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of plastics. The wear-resistant environment-friendly plastic tray is prepared from the following components: HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) resin, a modified filler, a lubricant and an antioxidant, the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the HDPE resin, the modified filler, the lubricant and the antioxidant, and then melting, extruding, cooling and granulating in a twin-screw extruder. The glass bead / zinc oxide compounded inorganic material is organically coated, and the dispersity and interface bonding force of the inorganic material in an HDPE resin system are promoted by PE and maleic anhydride, so that the mechanical property and wear resistance of the plastic tray material are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plastics and relates to a wear-resistant and environment-friendly plastic pallet and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the industry and the advancement of technology, plastic pallets are gradually becoming popular. Plastic pallets may be made of a variety of different plastic materials, such as HDPE, LDPE, EVA, PVC, TPE / TPR. Although soft PVC is relatively cheap, it is not environmentally friendly and safe, and is a low-end material. Relatively speaking, HDPE material has a dominant position in the market with its excellent durability. HDPE plastic pallets not only have strong load-bearing capacity and good impact resistance, but also can maintain stable performance in a variety of harsh environments, such as low temperature, humidity, acid and alkali. In addition, HDPE materials are easy to recycle and reuse, which conforms to the concept of sustainable development and is an important development direction for the future plastic pallet industry.

[0003] Plastic pallets play a vital role in logistics, warehousing and transportation. As they often need to carry heavy objects and be used in various environments, wear resistance is one of the key factors that must be considered in their design. Plastic pallets with strong wear resistance can not only extend their service life and reduce the frequency of replacement, but also improve overall operational efficiency and reduce costs.

[0004] As a high-quality wear-resistant filler, hollow glass microspheres have been widely used in many fields due to their unique properties. Its high hardness and strong wear resistance enable it to effectively resist wear in composite materials such as coatings, plastics, and rubber, extending the service life of the product. At the same time, hollow glass microspheres also have good chemical stability and thermal stability, and can withstand various harsh environments to ensure the long-term performance stability of the material. In addition, its unique hollow structure can also give the material excellent lightweight, heat insulation, sound insulation and other properties, further broadening its application range; but in order to improve the compatibility between the two, it is generally necessary to surface treat the hollow glass microspheres, such as using a coupling agent to treat its surface, in order to improve its dispersibility and bonding strength in HDPE resin. Although the coupling agent-modified hollow glass microspheres have improved the wear resistance of HDPE resin to a certain extent, there are still some significant defects. First, the dispersion of the modified hollow glass microspheres in the resin is not ideal, and it is easy to form agglomerates, resulting in uneven improvement of wear resistance. These agglomerates will become stress concentration points, which can easily cause crack propagation when subjected to external forces, thereby reducing the overall wear resistance of the material. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet and a preparation method thereof. The present invention organically coats an inorganic material of a glass microsphere / zinc oxide compound, and promotes the dispersibility and interface bonding strength of the inorganic material in a HDPE resin system with PE and maleic anhydride, thereby significantly improving the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the plastic pallet material.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet comprises the following components by weight:

[0008] 70-80 parts of HDPE resin, 18-20 parts of modified filler, 2-4 parts of lubricant and 1.4-2.0 parts of antioxidant.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lubricant is PE wax; the antioxidant is a mixture of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1790 in a mass ratio of 3:2.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation method of the modified filler comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step S1: placing the hollow glass microspheres in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for ultrasonic treatment, slowly adding zinc chloride, heating and stirring, standing, filtering, washing to neutrality, drying and then calcining to obtain composite particles;

[0012] Step S2: after the composite particles and ethanol are mixed, the composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde are added, the mixture is stirred at a constant temperature, centrifuged, washed three times with ethanol, and dried to obtain an intermediate synthetic body;

[0013] Step S3: placing the intermediate synthetic body, PE, maleic anhydride and the auxiliary agent in an extruder for melt extrusion, and pelletizing to obtain a modified filler;

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, the mass ratio of the hollow glass microspheres, the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the zinc chloride is 14-16:40-50:2.0-2.4; the ultrasonic treatment is ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 300-400W for 20-30min; the heating and stirring is stirring at a temperature of 30-40°C for 4-5h; the standing time is 10-12h; the cleaning reagent is deionized water; the drying is drying at a temperature of 80°C to constant weight; the roasting is roasting at a temperature of 220-240°C for 3-4h; and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 30wt%.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S2, the mass ratio of the composite particles, ethanol, composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde is 16-18:40-45:2.4-2.8:3.4-4.0; the composite monomer includes 3-mercaptoaniline and 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid in a mass ratio of 3.0-3.2:1; the constant temperature stirring is stirring at 50-60°C for 5-6h; the ethanol is anhydrous ethanol; and the drying is drying at 80°C to constant weight.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, the mass ratio of the intermediate synthetic body, PE, maleic anhydride and auxiliary agent is 3.6-4.0:9.0-9.3:0.2-0.3:0.18-0.20; the auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing DCP and TAIC in a mass ratio of 5:1; and the temperature of the melt extrusion is 160-170°C.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the DCP is dicumyl peroxide; and the TAIC is triallyl isocyanurate.

[0018] The invention discloses a method for preparing a wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] After mixing HDPE resin, modified filler, lubricant and antioxidant, the mixture is melted, extruded, cooled and granulated in a twin-screw extruder to obtain the product; wherein the processing temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 190-210°C

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] The invention organically coats the glass microsphere / zinc oxide compounded inorganic material, and promotes the dispersibility and interface bonding strength of the inorganic material in the HDPE resin system with PE and maleic anhydride, thereby significantly improving the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the plastic pallet material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the embodiments.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] A wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet comprises the following components by weight:

[0025] 70 parts of HDPE resin, 18 parts of modified filler, 2 parts of lubricant and 1.4 parts of antioxidant; the lubricant is PE wax; the antioxidant is a mixture of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1790 in a mass ratio of 3:2;

[0026] The preparation method of the modified filler comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step S1: placing hollow glass microspheres in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, ultrasonicating at a frequency of 300W for 20 minutes, slowly adding zinc chloride, stirring at 30°C for 4 hours, standing for 10 hours, filtering, washing with deionized water until neutral, drying at 80°C to constant weight, and calcining at 220°C for 3 hours to obtain composite particles; the mass ratio of the hollow glass microspheres, the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the zinc chloride is 14:40:2.0; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 30wt%;

[0028] Step S2: after the composite particles and anhydrous ethanol are mixed, the composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde are added, stirred at 50°C for 5 hours, centrifuged, washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, and dried at 80°C to constant weight to obtain an intermediate synthetic body; in step S2, the mass ratio of the composite particles, ethanol, composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde is 16:40:2.4:3.4; the composite monomer includes 3-mercaptoaniline and 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid in a mass ratio of 3.0:1;

[0029] Step S3: placing the intermediate synthetic body, PE, maleic anhydride and the auxiliary agent in an extruder for melt extrusion at 160° C., and pelletizing to obtain a modified filler; the mass ratio of the intermediate synthetic body, PE, maleic anhydride and the auxiliary agent is 3.6:9.0:0.2:0.18; the auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing DCP and TAIC in a mass ratio of 5:1.

[0030] A method for preparing a wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet comprises the following steps:

[0031] The HDPE resin, modified filler, lubricant and antioxidant are mixed, melt-extruded at 190° C. in a twin-screw extruder, cooled and granulated to obtain the product.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] A wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet comprises the following components by weight:

[0034] 75 parts of HDPE resin, 19 parts of modified filler, 3 parts of lubricant and 1.7 parts of antioxidant; the lubricant is PE wax; the antioxidant is a mixture of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1790 in a mass ratio of 3:2;

[0035] The preparation method of the modified filler comprises the following steps:

[0036] Step S1: placing hollow glass microspheres in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, ultrasonically treating at a frequency of 350 W for 25 minutes, slowly adding zinc chloride, stirring at a temperature of 35° C. for 4.5 hours, standing for 11 hours, filtering, washing with deionized water until neutral, drying at a temperature of 80° C. to constant weight, and calcining at a temperature of 230° C. for 3.5 hours to obtain composite particles; the mass ratio of the hollow glass microspheres, the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the zinc chloride is 15:45:2.2; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 30wt%;

[0037] Step S2: after the composite particles and anhydrous ethanol are mixed, the composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde are added, stirred at 55°C for 5.5 hours, centrifuged, washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, and dried at 80°C to constant weight to obtain an intermediate synthetic body; in step S2, the mass ratio of the composite particles, ethanol, composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde is 17:42:2.6:3.7; the composite monomer includes 3-mercaptoaniline and 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid in a mass ratio of 3.1:1;

[0038] Step S3: placing the intermediate synthetic body, PE, maleic anhydride and the auxiliary agent in an extruder for melt extrusion at 165° C., and pelletizing to obtain a modified filler; the mass ratio of the intermediate synthetic body, PE, maleic anhydride and the auxiliary agent is 3.8:9.2:0.25:0.19; the auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing DCP and TAIC in a mass ratio of 5:1.

[0039] A method for preparing a wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet comprises the following steps:

[0040] The HDPE resin, modified filler, lubricant and antioxidant are mixed, melt-extruded at 200° C. in a twin-screw extruder, cooled and granulated to obtain the product.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet comprises the following components by weight:

[0043] 80 parts of HDPE resin, 20 parts of modified filler, 4 parts of lubricant and 2.0 parts of antioxidant; the lubricant is PE wax; the antioxidant is a mixture of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1790 in a mass ratio of 3:2;

[0044] The preparation method of the modified filler comprises the following steps:

[0045] Step S1: placing hollow glass microspheres in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, ultrasonicating at a frequency of 400 W for 30 minutes, slowly adding zinc chloride, stirring at a temperature of 40° C. for 5 hours, standing for 12 hours, filtering, washing with deionized water until neutral, drying at a temperature of 80° C. to constant weight, and calcining at a temperature of 240° C. for 4 hours to obtain composite particles; the mass ratio of the hollow glass microspheres, the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the zinc chloride is 16:50:2.4; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 30wt%;

[0046] Step S2: after the composite particles and anhydrous ethanol are mixed, the composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde are added, stirred at 60°C for 6 hours, centrifuged, washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, and dried at 80°C to constant weight to obtain an intermediate synthetic body; in step S2, the mass ratio of the composite particles, ethanol, composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde is 18:45:2.8:4.0; the composite monomer includes 3-mercaptoaniline and 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid in a mass ratio of 3.2:1;

[0047] Step S3: placing the intermediate synthetic body, PE, maleic anhydride and the auxiliary agent in an extruder for melt extrusion at 170° C., and pelletizing to obtain a modified filler; the mass ratio of the intermediate synthetic body, PE, maleic anhydride and the auxiliary agent is 4.0:9.3:0.3:0.20; the auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing DCP and TAIC in a mass ratio of 5:1.

[0048] A method for preparing a wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet comprises the following steps:

[0049] The HDPE resin, modified filler, lubricant and antioxidant are mixed, melt-extruded at 210° C. in a twin-screw extruder, cooled and granulated to obtain the product.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 1 is different in that zinc chloride is not used, and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] Compared with Example 2, the difference of Comparative Example 2 is that the composite monomer of Comparative Example 2 is 3-mercaptoaniline, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] Compared with Example 2, the difference of Comparative Example 3 is that the composite monomer of Comparative Example 3 is 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0056] Comparative Example 4

[0057] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 4 is different in that no composite monomer is used, and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0058] Comparative Example 5

[0059] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 5 is different in that 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde is not used; the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0060] Comparative Example 6

[0061] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 6 is different in that step S3 is not performed, and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0062] The wear-resistant materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were subjected to the following tests, respectively, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Mechanical properties test: tensile strength was tested according to GB / T8804.3-2003.

[0064] Wear resistance test: Take a 3cm×2cm×0.5cm sample and use a multifunctional friction and wear testing machine to test the wear resistance; the dual sample is steel 440-C, the rotation speed is 400r / min, the load is 100N, the test time is 1h, and the wear amount is measured according to the weighing method.

[0065] Table 1

[0066] Tensile strength(MPa) Wear amount (mg) Example 1 45.3 88 Example 2 45.8 83 Example 3 45.4 91 Comparative Example 1 32.7 152 Comparative Example 2 30.6 173 Comparative Example 3 29.3 184 Comparative Example 4 28.8 193 Comparative Example 5 28.3 205 Comparative Example 6 27.5 215

[0067] From the test results in Table 1, it can be seen that compared with Comparative Examples 1-6, the plastic pallet material prepared in Examples 1-3 has excellent tensile strength and wear resistance. Comparative analysis shows that this is because the present invention generates zinc oxide on hollow glass microspheres to increase the specific surface area of ​​the material, introduces a large number of hydroxyl groups, reduces its self-agglomeration phenomenon, and promotes organic modification by compounding 3-mercaptoaniline and 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid, and the interaction between mercapto and zinc ions, and the diamino structure can promote the chemical reaction with the aldehyde group to form a more compact organic network structure, and finally the inorganic material compounded with glass microspheres / zinc oxide is organically coated, and its carbon-carbon double bond can participate in the grafting reaction between PE and maleic anhydride, promote the dispersibility and interfacial bonding of inorganic materials in the HDPE resin system, and further improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the plastic pallet material.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet, characterized in that: The components include the following by weight: 70-80 parts of HDPE resin, 18-20 parts of modified filler, 2-4 parts of lubricant and 1.4-2.0 parts of antioxidant; The preparation method of the modified filler comprises the following steps: Step S1: placing the hollow glass microspheres in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for ultrasonic treatment, slowly adding zinc chloride, heating and stirring, standing, filtering, washing to neutrality, drying and then calcining to obtain composite particles; Step S2: after the composite particles and ethanol are mixed, the composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde are added, the mixture is stirred at a constant temperature, centrifuged, washed three times with ethanol, and dried to obtain an intermediate synthetic body; Step S3: placing the intermediate synthetic body, PE, maleic anhydride and the auxiliary agent in an extruder for melt extrusion, and pelletizing to obtain a modified filler.

2. The wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant is PE wax; the antioxidant is a mixture of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1790 in a mass ratio of 3:

2.

3. The wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass ratio of the hollow glass microspheres, the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the zinc chloride is 14-16:40-50:2.0-2.

4.

4. The wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the ultrasonic treatment is performed at a frequency of 300-400W for 20-30 minutes; the heating and stirring is performed at a temperature of 30-40°C for 4-5 hours; the standing time is 10-12 hours. The cleaning reagent is deionized water; the drying is performed at a temperature of 80°C to a constant weight; the calcination is performed at a temperature of 220-240°C for 3-4 hours; and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 30wt%.

5. The wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass ratio of the composite particles, ethanol, composite monomer and 2-hydroxy-5-vinylbenzaldehyde is 16-18:40-45:2.4-2.8:3.4-4.

0.

6. The wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the composite monomer comprises 3-mercaptoaniline and 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid in a mass ratio of 3.0-3.2:

1.

7. The wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the constant temperature stirring is stirring at 50-60°C for 5-6h; the ethanol is anhydrous ethanol; and the drying is drying at 80°C to constant weight.

8. The wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the mass ratio of the intermediate synthetic product, PE, maleic anhydride and auxiliary agent is 3.6-4.0:9.0-9.3:0.2-0.3:0.18-0.

20.

9. The wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing DCP and TAIC in a mass ratio of 5:1; and the temperature of the melt extrusion is 160-170°C.

10. A method for preparing a wear-resistant and environmentally friendly plastic pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: The HDPE resin, modified filler, lubricant and antioxidant are mixed, and then melted, extruded, cooled and granulated in a twin-screw extruder to obtain the product; wherein the processing temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 190-210°C.