Detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts

Abstract

The detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of the aviation parts comprises an upper structural ring and a lower structural ring, and a plurality of hanging rods and supporting rods which are alternately arranged are fixed to the peripheral side of the upper structural ring and the peripheral side of the lower structural ring; an upper force bearing disc and a lower force bearing disc are sequentially arranged between the upper structure ring and the lower structure ring from top to bottom, and an upper force bearing disc or a limiting net disc is detachably arranged in the middle of the hanging rod; an upper loading tray and a lower loading tray are arranged at the top of the upper force bearing tray and the top of the lower force bearing tray respectively, a plurality of air holes are formed in the upper loading tray and the lower loading tray respectively, and a plurality of inserting holes are formed in the limiting net tray. The overall circulating fluidity is improved by building the frame body structure, the upper bearing disc and upper loading disc combination or the limiting net disc can be selectively installed according to the size and structure of a to-be-tempered workpiece, the tempering tool is better suitable for being used by various workpieces, the universality and applicability of the tempering tool are improved, and good practicability is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment equipment for aviation parts, and in particular relates to a detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts. Background Art

[0002] Tempering is a very important step in the heat treatment process of parts. It is a process of reheating the quenched parts to a temperature below the critical point Ac1, keeping it for a period of time, and then cooling it to room temperature in a certain way to transform the unstable structure into a stable structure and obtain the required performance. The purpose of tempering is to reduce or eliminate quenching stress, improve plasticity and toughness, obtain a comprehensive performance with good combination of strength and toughness, and stabilize the structure, shape and size. The tempering temperature is the main factor that determines the performance of the parts, so the tempering temperature is often selected according to the due or strength requirements of the parts. In addition, the changes in the structure and stress state during tempering must also be considered.

[0003] As the tempering temperature increases, the quenching residual stress gradually decreases and finally disappears; from low temperature to high temperature tempering, martensite is transformed into tempered martensite, troostite and troostite respectively. When the tempering temperature is higher (close to the lower critical point Ac1), carbides will spheroidize and grow to form spherical pearlite. The tempering holding time and tempering temperature are interrelated. Within a certain limit, the tempering effect of lowering the tempering temperature, increasing the tempering time and increasing the tempering temperature and shortening the tempering time is often the same. The tempering holding time is also related to factors such as steel type, heating method, part size, and furnace loading. The tempering holding time is relatively long, generally from 0.5h to several hours. Tempering cooling generally adopts cooling in air, but for steel with the second type of temper brittleness, it should be quickly cooled in oil or water to avoid temper brittleness.

[0004] In summary, tempering plays a vital role in the heat treatment process of parts. Various heat treatment standards have put forward corresponding requirements for the clamping process of parts. For example, the clamping, support or hanging of parts should ensure the atmosphere, and the heating medium and cooling medium can circulate and flow freely during the heating and cooling process. In order to ensure the rationality of the clamping of parts, the control purpose must be achieved through the optimization of the tempering tooling structure. However, the existing tempering tooling uses ordinary iron plates to weld into a barrel-shaped structure, with a small number of small holes distributed on the bottom and barrel wall, and the parts are stacked in multiple layers and placed in barrels for tempering. This method is not conducive to the circulation of heating medium between parts, nor is it conducive to the circulation of cooling medium between parts after tempering out of the furnace, which often leads to large discreteness of heat treatment indicators of the same batch of parts. In addition, if it is required to place parts in a single layer in a barrel structure for tempering, it will not only affect the processing efficiency of the parts, but also cause a lot of energy waste. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts, aiming to solve the above problems. The present invention is about a highly versatile tool that needs to be tempered in a pit furnace after heat treatment quenching.

[0006] The present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: A detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts comprises an upper structural ring and a lower structural ring arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a plurality of alternately arranged suspension rods and support rods are fixed to the peripheral sides of the upper structural ring and the lower structural ring; an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate are arranged in sequence from top to bottom between the upper structural ring and the lower structural ring, and the peripheral sides of the lower bearing plate are respectively welded to the suspension rods and the support rods, and the middle part of the suspension rod is detachably provided with an upper bearing plate or a limiting mesh plate; an upper loading plate and a lower loading plate are respectively arranged on the top of the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate, and the upper loading plate and the lower loading plate are respectively provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, and the limiting mesh plate is provided with a plurality of plug holes.

[0007] In order to better realize the present invention, further, the lower bearing plate includes a ring seat, a center seat, a load-bearing rod and an adjustment support. The peripheral sides of the ring seat are respectively welded to the suspension rod and the support rod. A center seat is provided in the middle of the ring seat, and the peripheral sides of the center seat are fixedly connected to the ring seat through a number of load-bearing rods. An adjustment support is slidably provided on the load-bearing rod. An abutment end is provided on one side of the adjustment support close to the center seat, and an arc-shaped fitting end is provided on the other side corresponding to the ring seat; the adjustment support is fixedly connected to the adjustment support by a locking screw.

[0008] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the abutting end of the adjustment support is clamped with the lower loading tray.

[0009] In order to better realize the present invention, further, a center of gravity seat is arranged below the center seat, and the middle part of the center seat is plugged with the center of gravity seat through a connecting rod, and the surrounding sides of the center of gravity seat are respectively welded with the suspension rod and the support rod.

[0010] In order to better realize the present invention, further, a pressure cover is clamped on the top of the center seat, and the pressure cover is detachably connected to the center seat by screws, and a plurality of clamping grooves are arranged circumferentially between the center seat and the pressure cover; one end of the load-bearing rod is hinged to the ring seat, and the other end is clamped to the clamping groove.

[0011] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the upper bearing plate or the limiting mesh plate is connected to the suspension rod through a hook, and a hook is welded to the middle part of the suspension rod.

[0012] In order to better implement the present invention, further, a receiving protrusion is provided in the middle of the suspension rod, and the upper bearing plate or the limiting mesh plate is installed on the receiving protrusion.

[0013] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate are respectively provided with reinforcing ribs.

[0014] In order to better implement the present invention, further, four groups of suspension rods and support rods are welded on the outer sides of the upper structural ring and the lower structural ring, and a lower loading plate is welded on the top of the lower bearing plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention has a large number of through holes drilled on the lower loading tray and the upper loading tray, thereby improving the air permeability and heat transfer of the tempering tool; the lower bearing plate and the upper bearing plate are both provided with reinforcing ribs, thereby ensuring the bearing performance of the tempering tool; a hook is welded on the suspension rod for installing the upper bearing plate and the upper loading tray combination or the limiting mesh plate, and the upper bearing plate and the upper loading tray combination or the limiting mesh plate can be selectively installed according to the size and structure of the workpiece to be tempered, so that it can adapt to the use of a variety of workpieces, thereby improving the versatility and applicability of the tempering tool.

[0016] (2) The present invention constructs an overall frame structure through the upper structural ring and the lower structural ring as well as the suspension rod and the support rod, which increases the overall gas fluidity, facilitates the heating cycle and the cooling cycle, and can selectively install the upper load plate and the upper loading plate combination or the limiting mesh plate according to the size and structure of the workpiece to be tempered, so as to better adapt to the use of various workpieces. Secondly, the present invention facilitates the subsequent positioning and installation of lower loading plates of different sizes through the structure of the load-bearing rod and the adjustment support; the placement stability of the overall tooling is improved through the center of gravity seat, and the later partial disassembly and maintenance are facilitated through the setting of the snap-in groove and the pressure cover, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing the later use cost, and has good practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detachable tempering tooling; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a limited network disk; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower bearing plate; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustable support.

[0018] Among them: 1- suspension rod, 2- support rod, 3- upper structural ring, 4- lower structural ring, 5- lower load-bearing plate, 6- lower loading plate, 7- hook, 8- upper load-bearing plate, 9- upper loading plate, 10- limiting net plate, 11- ring seat, 12- center seat, 13- load-bearing rod, 14- adjusting support, 15- pressure cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Embodiment 1: A removable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it includes: 4 suspension rods 1, 4 support rods 2, an upper structure ring 3, a lower structure ring 4, a lower bearing plate 5 with ribs, a lower loading plate 6 with air holes, 4 hooks 7, an upper bearing plate 8 with ribs, an upper loading plate 9 with air holes, and a limiting mesh plate 10. The circumferential side between the upper structure ring 3 and the lower structure ring 4 is evenly welded with alternately arranged suspension rods 1 and support rods 2. The space between the upper structure ring 3 and the lower structure ring 4 is sequentially provided with a lower bearing plate 5 and a lower loading plate 6 combination and an upper bearing plate 8 and an upper loading plate 9 combination or a limiting mesh plate 10 from bottom to top.

[0020] During use of the present invention, the suspension rod 1 and the support rod 2 are welded at intervals at equally divided positions of the circumference of the upper structure ring 3 and the lower structure ring 4, and after the lower bearing plate 5 and the lower loading plate 6 assembly are welded, the assembly is welded inside the suspension rod 1 and the support rod 2 at a certain height from the lower structure ring 4. Then, the hook 7 is welded at the middle position of the suspension rod 1 to install the upper bearing plate 8 and the upper loading plate 9 assembly or the upper bearing plate 8 and the limit mesh plate 10 assembly.

[0021] According to the size and structure of the workpiece to be tempered, the upper bearing plate 8 and the upper loading plate 9 combination or the limiting net plate 10 can be selectively installed to achieve the purpose of adapting to the use of various workpieces. When tempering small-sized and short workpieces, the upper bearing plate 8 and the upper loading plate 9 combination can be installed to place the workpiece flat in the lower loading plate 6 and the upper loading plate 9; when tempering large-sized and long workpieces, the limiting net plate 10 can be installed to pass the workpiece through the grid of the limiting net plate 10 and stand vertically in the lower loading plate 6. After the workpiece is loaded, the lifting lug is connected through the lifting chain, and the lifting chain is taken by the crane hook to transfer the tooling containing the workpiece into the furnace for tempering.

[0022] The present invention has a large number of through holes drilled on the lower loading tray 6 and the upper loading tray 9, which improves the air permeability and heat transfer of the tempering tooling; the lower bearing plate 5 and the upper bearing plate 8 are both provided with reinforcing ribs to ensure the bearing performance of the tempering tooling; a hook 7 is welded on the suspension rod 1 for installing the upper bearing plate 8 and the upper loading tray 9 combination or the limiting mesh plate 10, which improves the versatility and applicability of the tempering tooling.

[0023] Embodiment 2: A detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts includes an upper structural ring 3 and a lower structural ring 4 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a plurality of groups of suspension rods 1 and support rods 2 are fixedly arranged on the circumference of the upper structural ring 3 and the lower structural ring 4; an upper bearing plate 8 and a lower bearing plate 5 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom between the upper structural ring 3 and the lower structural ring 4, and the circumference of the lower bearing plate 5 is welded to the suspension rod 1 and the support rod 2 respectively. An upper bearing plate 8 or a limiting mesh plate 10 is detachably arranged in the middle of the suspension rod 1, and an upper loading plate 9 and a lower loading plate 6 are respectively arranged on the top of the upper bearing plate 8 and the lower bearing plate 5, and the upper loading plate 9 and the lower loading plate 6 are respectively provided with a plurality of air holes, and the limiting mesh plate 10 is provided with a plurality of plug-in holes. Specifically, a receiving protrusion is arranged in the middle of the suspension rod 1, and the upper bearing plate 8 or the limiting mesh plate 10 is installed on the receiving protrusion.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, the lower bearing plate 5 includes a ring seat 11, a center seat 12, a load-bearing rod 13 and an adjustment support 14. The peripheral sides of the ring seat 11 are welded to the suspension rod 1 and the support rod 2 respectively. The middle part of the ring seat 11 is provided with a center seat 12, and the peripheral sides of the center seat 12 are fixedly connected to the ring seat 11 through a plurality of load-bearing rods 13. An adjustment support 14 is slidably provided on the load-bearing rod 13. The side of the adjustment support 14 close to the center seat 12 is provided with an abutment end, and the other side corresponding to the ring seat 11 is provided with an arc-shaped matching end; the adjustment support 14 is fixedly connected to the adjustment support 14 through a locking screw. Specifically, as Figure 5 As shown, the abutting end of the adjusting support 14 is engaged with the lower loading tray 6 .

[0025] A center of gravity seat is provided below the center seat 12, and the middle of the center seat 12 is plugged with the center of gravity seat through a connecting rod, and the periphery of the center of gravity seat is welded to the suspension rod 1 and the support rod 2 respectively. Figure 4 As shown, a pressure cover 15 is clamped on the top of the center seat 12, and the pressure cover 15 is detachably connected to the center seat 12 by screws, and a plurality of clamping grooves are circumferentially arranged between the center seat 12 and the pressure cover 15; one end of the load-bearing rod 13 is hinged to the ring seat 11, and the other end is clamped to the clamping groove.

[0026] When tempering small-sized short parts, you can choose to install the upper bearing plate 8 and the upper loading plate 9 combination, and place the parts flat in the lower loading plate 6 and the upper loading plate 9; when tempering large-sized long parts, you can choose to install the limiting mesh plate 10, and pass the parts through the grid of the limiting mesh plate 10 and stand vertically in the lower loading plate 6. After the parts are loaded, they are connected to the lifting ears through the lifting chain, and the crane hook is used to take the lifting chain to transfer the tooling containing the parts into the furnace for tempering.

[0027] The present invention builds an overall frame structure through the upper structural ring 3 and the lower structural ring 4 as well as the suspension rod 1 and the support rod 2, which increases the overall gas fluidity, facilitates the heating cycle and the cooling cycle, and can selectively install the upper bearing plate 8 and the upper loading plate 9 combination or the limiting mesh plate 10 according to the size and structure of the workpiece to be tempered, so as to better adapt to the use of various workpieces. Secondly, the present invention facilitates the subsequent positioning and installation of lower loading plates 6 of different sizes through the structure of the load-bearing rod 13 and the adjustment support 14; the placement stability of the overall tooling is improved through the center of gravity seat, and the later partial disassembly and maintenance are facilitated through the setting of the clamping groove and the pressure cover 15, thereby improving the work efficiency and reducing the later use cost, and has good practicality.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper structural ring (3) and a lower structural ring (4) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a plurality of alternately arranged suspension rods (1) and support rods (2) are fixed to the circumference of the upper structural ring (3) and the lower structural ring (4); an upper bearing plate (8) and a lower bearing plate (5) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom between the upper structural ring (3) and the lower structural ring (4), and the circumference of the lower bearing plate (5) is respectively welded to the suspension rod (1) and the support rod (2), and the middle part of the suspension rod (1) is detachably provided with an upper bearing plate (8) or a limiting net plate (10); an upper loading plate (9) and a lower loading plate (6) are respectively arranged at the top of the upper bearing plate (8) and the lower bearing plate (5), and the upper loading plate (9) and the lower loading plate (6) are respectively provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, and the limiting net plate (10) is provided with a plurality of plug holes.

2. The detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower bearing plate (5) comprises a ring seat (11), a center seat (12), a load-bearing rod (13) and an adjustment support (14); the peripheral sides of the ring seat (11) are respectively welded to the suspension rod (1) and the support rod (2); a center seat (12) is arranged in the middle of the ring seat (11), and the peripheral sides of the center seat (12) are fixedly connected to the ring seat (11) through a plurality of load-bearing rods (13); an adjustment support (14) is slidably arranged on the load-bearing rod (13); a contact end is arranged on one side of the adjustment support (14) close to the center seat (12), and an arc-shaped matching end is arranged on the other side corresponding to the ring seat (11); the adjustment support (14) is fixedly connected to the adjustment support (14) through a locking screw.

3. The detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The abutting end of the adjustment support (14) is clamped with the lower loading tray (6).

4. The detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A center of gravity seat is provided below the center seat (12), and the middle portion of the center seat (12) is plugged into the center of gravity seat via a connecting rod, and the peripheral sides of the center of gravity seat are respectively welded to the suspension rod (1) and the support rod (2).

5. The detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A pressure cover (15) is clamped on the top of the center seat (12), and the pressure cover (15) is detachably connected to the center seat (12) by means of screws. A plurality of clamping grooves are circumferentially arranged between the center seat (12) and the pressure cover (15); one end of the load-bearing rod (13) is hinged to the ring seat (11), and the other end is clamped to the clamping groove.

6. The detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper bearing plate (8) or the limiting mesh plate (10) is connected to the suspension rod (1) via a suspension hook (7), and a suspension hook (7) is welded to the middle of the suspension rod (1).

7. The detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A receiving protrusion is provided in the middle of the suspension rod (1), and the upper bearing plate (8) or the limiting mesh plate (10) is mounted on the receiving protrusion.

8. The detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper bearing plate (8) and the lower bearing plate (5) are respectively provided with reinforcing ribs.

9. The detachable tempering tool for heat treatment of aviation parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four groups of suspension rods (1) and support rods (2) are welded on the outer sides of the upper structural ring (3) and the lower structural ring (4), and a lower loading plate (6) is welded on the top of the lower bearing plate (5).

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