Spandex special-shaped monofilament, preparation method thereof, spinning device and cellosilk

Abstract

The invention provides a special-shaped spandex monofilament, a preparation method of the special-shaped spandex monofilament, a spinning device and cellosilk. The special-shaped spandex monofilament comprises a multi-leaf-shaped structure. The multi-leaf-shaped structure comprises blades and a central part formed by connecting the adjacent blades; each blade comprises a blade top part, a blade middle part and a blade root part; the blade tops of the adjacent blades are isolated from each other, and the blade middles of the adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade root parts of the adjacent blades are connected through a first curved surface which is sunken towards the central part; and the blade top part is a second curved surface which protrudes outwards. The special-shaped spandex monofilament provided by the invention has relatively high profile degree, can be prepared by adopting a spinneret plate, and is simple and convenient to operate, low in requirement on the performance of a spinning solution and high in section profile rate of a product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field, and in particular to a spandex shaped monofilament and a preparation method thereof, a spinning device and fiber yarn. Background Art

[0002] Since shaped fibers have special advantages such as special gloss, fluffiness, anti-pilling, resilience, and moisture absorption and perspiration management, shaped fibers have been studied in depth and are being used more and more widely.

[0003] At present, the preparation methods of special-shaped spandex by dry production include expansion bonding method, composite spinning method, hole shape change method, spinneret hole special-shaped method, etc. The main contents and defects of these preparation methods are as follows:

[0004] The expansion bonding method refers to the use of a group of spinneret holes at a close distance. When the spinning solution is squeezed out of the spinneret hole, it will expand due to the sudden drop in pressure. At this time, the spinning solution has not yet completely solidified, so the adjacent contact parts of the fiber bundle will bond. As the spinning solution solidifies, a porous shaped fiber is formed.

[0005] Therefore, the expansion bonding method has the following defects: (1) The spacing between spinnerets needs to be controlled within an appropriate range. If the spacing between the filaments is too large, the filaments cannot be effectively bonded, and serious problems of filament splitting and breaking will occur during the subsequent weaving process; if the distance between the filaments is too close, the spinning solution will not be able to fully expand and solidify, which will not only affect the shape rate of the fiber cross section, but also affect the mechanical properties of the fiber. (2) Compared with conventional preparation technology to produce spandex fibers of the same thickness, this technology requires a larger number of spinnerets, so the flow rate of the stock solution per hole is small, and the single strand of fiber is thin. The stock solution is prone to filament breakage during the spinning process, which will seriously affect the yield rate; (3) The performance requirements for the spinning stock solution are relatively high. The stock solution must have excellent viscosity so that the single filaments can have good bonding performance during the stock solution spinning and solidification process, and no filament splitting will occur during the subsequent use; at the same time, it must have high viscoelasticity requirements.

[0006] Composite spinning refers to the process of extruding and shaping two or more polymer compounds through a special spinning assembly, with each component extruded and shaped through a spinneret in a certain proportion and position. Therefore, although it is a single fiber, it contains multiple components. If one of the components is dissolved or mechanically split, the single fiber will be split into multiple thinner fibers with irregular cross-sections. Therefore, the composite spinning method has the following defects: (1) Due to the complex structure of the spinneret, the processing requirements are high, and the processing accuracy has a great influence on the uniformity of the physical properties of spandex; (2) There are high requirements for the compatibility between polymers. If the compatibility between polymers is poor, the interfacial tension between them is large, and the fiber cannot form a stable irregular cross-section during the spinning process, which not only affects the cross-sectional irregularity rate, but also the proportion of various polymers is unstable. (3) The operation process is complicated to remove one of the components by dissolving or mechanically removing it, and it is difficult to achieve the ideal effect.

[0007] The hole shape variation method refers to using two overlapping spinnerets, and the spinneret holes on each spinneret have different shapes, but the center lines are basically consistent. During the spinning process, the two plates move or rotate relative to each other, and the cross-section and shape of the spun fiber also change accordingly. Therefore, the composite spinning method has the following defects: (1) The spinneret structure is relatively complex and the processing requirements are high; (2) The operation process is demanding and cumbersome, and the spinneret hole center asymmetry often occurs, so the fiber cross-section profile rate is difficult to guarantee.

[0008] The spinneret hole profile method refers to processing the spinneret hole according to the required cross-section, and after the spinning solution is ejected from the profiled hole, it gradually solidifies into a profiled fiber. This method is easy to operate and has low requirements for the performance of the spinning solution. However, the difficulty lies in the fact that the structural design of the profiled spinneret hole equipment must be very reasonable and the processing accuracy requirements are also very high, otherwise the fiber profile rate cannot meet the expected requirements. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a spandex shaped monofilament and a preparation method thereof, a spinning device and fiber yarn. The spandex shaped monofilament prepared by the spinneret hole profiling method has a beautiful fiber structure, a high cross-sectional profiling rate, and is easy to operate and has low requirements on the performance of the spinning solution.

[0010] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a spandex shaped monofilament, the spandex shaped monofilament comprising a multi-lobal structure; the multi-lobal structure comprises blades and a central portion formed by connecting adjacent blades; the blades comprise a blade top, a blade middle and a blade root; the blade tops of adjacent blades are isolated from each other and the blade middles of adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade roots of adjacent blades are connected by a first curved surface that is concave toward the central portion; the blade top is a second curved surface that convexes outward.

[0012] The spandex shaped monofilament provided by the present invention has a multi-lobed structure, which is reasonably designed and can be directly prepared by a spinneret hole shaped method, which is simple to operate and has a high shaped rate. The fabric woven from the spandex shaped monofilament provided by the present invention has the characteristics of moisture absorption and quick drying, soft hand feeling, wear resistance, and anti-pilling and fuzzing.

[0013] Preferably, the distance from the outermost point of the top of the leaf to the exact center point of the center portion is the leaf length L1, and the leaf length L1 is independently 0.13-0.40 mm, and the range of the leaf length L1 of each leaf in the spandex shaped monofilament is 0-0.08 mm. The leaf length L1 can be, for example, 0.13 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.16 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.20 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.23 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.30 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.35 mm or 0.40 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed in the range are also applicable. The extreme difference of the blade length L1 may be, for example, 0 mm, 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm or 0.08 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the range are also applicable.

[0014] By controlling the blade length L1 within the above range, the present invention can make the fiber have a larger specific surface area, which is conducive to the rapid volatilization of the solvent during the spin forming process and can effectively reduce the residual rate of the solvent in the fiber. The above length range can maintain its high breaking strength and high breaking elongation.

[0015] Preferably, the distance between the two sides of the middle of the leaf is the leaf width W, and the leaf width W is 0.08-0.28 mm; and the range of the leaf width W of each leaf in the spandex shaped monofilament is 0-0.06 mm. The leaf width W can be, for example, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.10 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.13 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.20 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.25 mm or 0.28 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed in the range are also applicable. The range of the leaf width W can be, for example, 0 mm, 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm or 0.06 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed in the range are also applicable.

[0016] The present invention controls the blade width W within the above range, so that the spinning solution can maintain a better profile during the solidification process, thereby improving the profile rate of the fiber.

[0017] The present invention has no special restrictions on the shape and curvature angle of the first curved surface in the spandex shaped monofilament. Generally speaking, there will be a smooth transition between adjacent blade roots.

[0018] Preferably, the arc radius R2 of the second curved surface is 0.5 to 0.6 times the blade width W, for example, 0.055 times or 0.058 times, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the range are also applicable.

[0019] Preferably, the difference between the angles of each blade in the multi-leaf structure is 0 to 15°, for example, it can be 0°, 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 5°, 8°, 9°, 10°, 11°, 12°, 13°, 14° or 15°, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within this range are also applicable.

[0020] The present invention controls the difference between the angles between the blades within the above range, which is more conducive to obtaining spandex shaped monofilaments with excellent performance and good appearance.

[0021] Preferably, the number of blades of the multi-leaf structure is 3 to 5, for example, may be 4.

[0022] In the present invention, the preferred number of blades is 3 to 5, and more preferably 3. When the number of blades is too large, it will make it difficult to control the width of the blades, and it will be difficult to achieve an optimal distribution between the blades.

[0023] Preferably, the shape rate of the spandex shaped monofilament is in the range of 80-100%, for example, it can be 80%, 82%, 85%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 92%, 95%, 98% or 100%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed in the range are also applicable.

[0024] In the second aspect, the present invention provides a spinning device for preparing the spandex shaped monofilament described in the first aspect, the spinning device comprising a spinneret and at least one spinneret hole arranged on the spinneret; the spinneret hole comprises a feed port, a conveying pipe and a discharge port in sequence; the discharge port of the spinneret hole is a multi-lobate structure; the multi-lobate structure comprises blades and a center portion formed by connecting adjacent blades; the blades comprise a blade top, a blade middle and a blade root; the blade tops of adjacent blades are isolated from each other and the blade middles of adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade roots of adjacent blades are connected by a first curved surface that is smooth and concave toward the center; the blade top is a second curved surface that is smooth and convex outward; the two sides of the blade middle are parallel.

[0025] It is worth mentioning that the structural design of the spinneret has a great influence on the spinning process and the performance of the obtained fiber filaments. Not any spinneret designed can produce fiber filaments with corresponding cross-sections. When the structural design of the spinneret is unreasonable, various problems may occur, such as unstable spinning solution discharge, uneven fiber cross-sectional structure, and high solvent residual rate in the fiber filaments.

[0026] The spinning device provided by the invention has a multi-leaf structure with a blade root and a blade top transitioned by a smooth curved surface, and has a reasonable structural design, and can produce special-shaped spandex yarns with excellent performance.

[0027] Preferably, the feed port comprises a wide end away from the conveying pipe and a narrow end close to the conveying pipe; the diameter of the narrow end is equivalent to the diameter of the conveying pipe; and the diameter of the wide end is larger than the diameter of the narrow end.

[0028] Preferably, the angle between the generatrix of the conical surface connecting the wide end and the narrow end is 50-65°, for example, it can be 50°, 52°, 53°, 54°, 55°, 56°, 57°, 58°, 59°, 60°, 61°, 62°, 63°, 64° or 65°, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the range are also applicable.

[0029] Preferably, the length L3 of the delivery tube is 6 to 9 mm, for example, it can be 6 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.8 mm, 7.0 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.8 mm, 8.0 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.8 mm or 9.0 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0030] Preferably, the spinneret hole further comprises a tapered connecting portion connecting the conveying pipe and the discharge port.

[0031] Preferably, the angle between the busbars of the tapered connecting portion is 50-65°, for example, it can be 50°, 52°, 53°, 54°, 55°, 56°, 57°, 58°, 59°, 60°, 61°, 62°, 63°, 64° or 65°, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0032] Preferably, the distance from the outermost point of the top of the leaf to the center point of the center part is the blade length L1, and the blade length L1 is 0.15-0.35 mm, for example, it can be 0.15 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.24 mm, 0.27 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.31 mm, 0.33 mm or 0.35 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable, preferably 0.26 mm.

[0033] The preferred blade length L1 of the present invention is within the above range, which further enables the fiber to have a larger specific surface area, facilitates rapid volatilization of the solvent, and reduces the residual rate of the solvent in the fiber.

[0034] Preferably, the distance between the two parallel sides of the middle part of the leaf is the blade width W, and the blade width W is 0.10 to 0.25 mm, for example, it can be 0.10 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.17 mm, 0.19 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.24 mm or 0.25 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable, preferably 0.15 mm.

[0035] The preferred blade width W of the present invention is within the above range, which can further enable the spinning solution to maintain a better profile during the solidification process and improve the fiber profile rate.

[0036] Preferably, the arc radius R1 of the first curved surface is 0.05-0.20 mm, for example, it can be 0.05 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.17 mm, 0.19 mm or 0.20 mm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other values ​​not listed in this range are also applicable, preferably 0.10 mm.

[0037] In the present invention, the arc radius R1 of the first curved surface is preferably 0.05-0.20 mm, which can further enable the spinning solution to maintain a better profile during the solidification process, increase the fiber profile rate, and ensure a lower solvent residual rate.

[0038] Preferably, the arc radius R2 of the second curved surface is 0.5 to 0.6 times the blade width W, for example, it can be 0.5 times, 0.52 times, 0.55 times, 0.58 times or 0.6 times, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0039] Preferably, the aspect ratio L2 / L1 of the thickness L2 of the multi-leaf structure to the blade length L1 is 2:1 to 6:1, for example, it can be 2:1, 2.5:1, 2.9:1, 3.4:1, 3.8:1, 4.3:1, 4.7:1, 5.2:1, 5.6:1 or 6:1, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable, with 3:1 being preferred.

[0040] The preferred aspect ratio L2 / L1 of the present invention is 2:1 to 6:1, which can better ensure that the cross section of the filament bundle has a stable special-shaped structure during the expansion process of the spinning solution.

[0041] Preferably, the angles between the leaves in the multi-leaf structure are the same. Taking a three-leaf anisotropic spinneret as an example, the angle between the leaves should be 120°, so that the fiber has a beautiful cross-sectional shape.

[0042] Preferably, the number of blades of the multi-leaf structure is 3-5, for example, 3, 4 or 5.

[0043] The number of blades of the spinneret in the present invention is preferably 3, and is preferably controlled within 5. When the number of blades is too large, the blade width is difficult to control and distribution is difficult.

[0044] Preferably, the spinnerets are symmetrically distributed on the spinneret; the symmetrical distribution includes central symmetrical distribution and / or axisymmetric distribution.

[0045] The present invention has no special restrictions on the size and shape of the spinneret itself. Its shape can be, for example, circular, and its size can be, for example, a diameter of 26.0 to 42.0 mm, etc. The size and shape familiar to those skilled in the art can be adopted, and can also be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0046] The present invention has no special limitation on the number of the spinneret holes on the spinneret, for example, it can be 1 to 5 holes, so as to prepare composite shaped spandex fibers with different numbers of holes combined together.

[0047] Preferably, the number of the spinnerets is 1 to 5, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

[0048] Preferably, when the number of the spinneret hole is one, the symmetry center of the spinneret hole overlaps with the symmetry center of the spinneret plate.

[0049] Preferably, when the number of the spinneret holes is 2, the spinneret holes are arranged axially symmetrically on the spinneret plate.

[0050] Preferably, when the diameter of the spinneret is 40-45 mm, the distance between two spinneret holes and the center of the spinneret is 7.5-15 mm, for example, 7.5 mm, 8.0 mm, 9.0 mm, 10.0 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm or 15 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within this range are also applicable.

[0051] Preferably, when the number of the spinneret holes is 3, the spinneret holes are arranged in a triangle on the spinneret plate.

[0052] Preferably, when the diameter of the spinneret is 40-45 mm, the distance between the three spinneret holes and the center of the spinneret is 10-15 mm, for example, 10 mm, 10.5 mm, 11 mm, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm, 13 mm, 13.5 mm, 14 mm or 15 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the range are also applicable.

[0053] Preferably, when the number of the spinneret holes is 5, the spinneret holes are arranged in a regular pentagon shape on the spinneret plate.

[0054] Preferably, when the diameter of the spinneret is 40-45 mm, the distance between the five spinneret holes and the center of the spinneret is 10-15 mm, for example, 10 mm, 10.5 mm, 11 mm, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm, 13 mm, 13.5 mm, 14 mm or 15 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the range are also applicable.

[0055] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the spandex shaped monofilament described in the first aspect, wherein the preparation method uses the spinning device described in the second aspect to perform spinning to form the spandex shaped monofilament.

[0056] Compared with conventional spandex yarn, the present invention has no special requirements for the spinning process, and can be carried out by a process well known to those skilled in the art, such as a spinning temperature of 240 to 265°C, preferably 260°C; the hot air inlet speed during the spinning process can be, for example, 12 to 14 m / s. 3 / min (taking a 36-head spinning tunnel as an example); during the spinning and curing process, the solvent should be blown dry as much as possible to keep the fiber cross-section in a good profile structure.

[0057] Compared with conventional spandex spinning solution, the spinning solution used for spinning shaped yarns has no special requirements on the type of raw materials and spinning viscosity. However, for better production control, the viscosity of the spinning solution of the spandex shaped monofilament at 40°C is preferably in the range of 3000 to 6000 poise, for example, 3000 poise, 3500 poise, 4000 poise, 4500 poise, 5000 poise, 5500 poise or 6000 poise, etc., but not limited to the listed values. Other values ​​not listed in the range are also applicable, preferably 4500 poise.

[0058] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a fiber yarn, wherein the fiber yarn comprises at least one spandex shaped monofilament as described in the first aspect.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0060] (1) The cross-sectional profile of the spandex shaped monofilament provided by the present invention is high, and has excellent mechanical properties, and is convenient to prepare. The woven fabric has the characteristics of moisture absorption and quick drying, soft hand feeling, wear resistance, and anti-pilling and fuzzing. The breaking strength of three fiber filaments with a specification of 40D and a roller denier of 35D is above 40.76MPa, and the breaking elongation is above 539.2%. The water absorption rate in the hygroscopicity is as high as 135% or more, and the water droplet diffusion speed is as fast as within 2.8s, and the light transmittance is only within 5%;

[0061] (2) The spinneret provided by the present invention has a reasonable structural design and can obtain shaped spandex yarns with a shape ratio of preferably more than 90%. Moreover, by optimizing the blade width and blade length, the obtained fiber cross-section has a regular morphology and high spinnability. The obtained fiber yarn has excellent mechanical properties. Furthermore, by optimizing the aspect ratio, the spinning solution extrusion process can be effectively guaranteed to be stable.

[0062] (3) The method for preparing spandex shaped monofilaments provided by the present invention adopts a spinning device with a special structure and a spinning shaped hole method to prepare spandex shaped monofilaments. The operation is simple, the requirements for the spinning solution are low, and the application range is wide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of spinneret holes on the spinneret in the spinneret device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-leaf structure in the spinning device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a spinneret hole in the spinneret device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 4 is a microscope image of the fiber filaments produced by the spinning device provided in Example 1 of the present invention

[0067] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of spinneret holes on the spinneret in the spinneret device provided in Example 10 of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the five-leaf structure in the spinning device provided in Example 10 of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of spinneret holes on the spinneret in the spinneret device provided in Example 11 of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the four-leaf structure in the spinning device provided in Example 11 of the present invention.

[0071] In the figure: 1-spinneret; 2-spinneret hole; 21-blade; 22-center; 211-leaf top; 212-leaf middle; 213-leaf root. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0073] The present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0074] It should be understood that, in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "top", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0075] Embodiments 1 to 9 provide a spandex shaped monofilament, which comprises a multi-lobal structure; the multi-lobal structure comprises blades and a center portion formed by connecting adjacent blades; the blades comprise a blade top, a blade middle and a blade root; the blade tops of adjacent blades are isolated from each other and the blade middles of adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade roots of adjacent blades are connected by a first curved surface that is concave toward the center portion; the blade top is a second curved surface that convexes outward.

[0076] The spinning device used in Examples 1 to 9 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the spinning device includes a spinning plate and three spinning holes arranged on the spinning plate; Figures 2-3As shown, the spinneret includes a feed port, a delivery pipe and a discharge port in sequence, the feed port includes a wide end away from the delivery pipe and a narrow end close to the delivery pipe; the diameter of the narrow end is equivalent to the diameter of the delivery pipe; the diameter of the wide end is larger than the diameter of the narrow end; the angle between the generatrix of the conical surface connecting the wide end and the narrow end is 60°; the length L3 of the delivery pipe is 7mm; the spinneret also includes a conical connection part connecting the delivery pipe and the discharge port; the angle between the generatrix of the conical connection part is 60°. The discharge port of the spinneret is a multi-leaf structure; the multi-leaf structure includes blades and a central part formed by connecting adjacent blades; the blade includes a blade top, a blade middle and a blade root; the blade tops of adjacent blades are isolated from each other and the blade middles of adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade roots of adjacent blades are connected by a smooth first curved surface that is concave toward the central part; the blade top is a smooth second curved surface that bulges outward; the two sides of the blade middle are parallel. The number of blades in the multi-leaf structure is 3, the distance from the outermost point of the top of the blade to the exact center point of the center portion is the blade length L1; the distance between the two parallel sides of the middle of the blade is the blade width W, and the arc radius R2 of the second curved surface is half of the blade width W. The angles between the blades in the multi-leaf structure are the same, all 120°.

[0077] The spinnerets are symmetrically distributed on the spinneret; the symmetrical distribution includes central symmetrical distribution and axisymmetric distribution. Specifically, the spinneret is circular, the outer diameter of the spinneret is 42.0 mm, and the three spinnerets are arranged in an equilateral triangle, with the apex 10 mm away from the center of the circle.

[0078] Embodiments 1 to 9 also provide a method for preparing the spandex shaped monofilament, which comprises: using a spandex spinning stock solution (a conventional spandex spinning stock solution is used, for example: PTMG (molecular weight is 1800) and MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanate) are mixed in a mass ratio of 80:20 for prepolymerization, adding 2.0% of the mass of the above-mentioned prepolymer mixed amine (the specific mixed amine is ethylenediamine and diethylamine, and the molar ratio of ethylenediamine and diethylamine is 15:1) to terminate, adding 3.5% of the mass of the above-mentioned prepolymer auxiliary materials (specific auxiliary materials include antioxidants, dyeing agents, lubricants, titanium dioxide, hydrotalcite, etc., which are conventional auxiliary materials in the field) stirring, and spinning after aging at 35°C), the viscosity at 40°C is 4500 poise, the spinning temperature is 260°C, and the hot air inlet speed during the spinning process is 13m 3 / min.

[0079] The spinneret parameters and the parameters of the spandex shaped monofilaments of the above-mentioned embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Table 1

[0081]

[0082] The microscope image of the trilobate silk obtained in Example 1 is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the moisture absorption and quick drying, matting effect and wear resistance are all very good, and the basic physical and mechanical properties of the shaped yarn are also maintained well, without any degradation compared with conventional round spandex fibers.

[0083] Among them, the test method of the abnormality rate is: take the finished spandex yarn, cut 100 fibers, observe the cross-sectional regularity of the fibers under a 500x microscope, and count the number of abnormally shaped fibers with good regularity. Abnormality rate = number of abnormally shaped fibers / total number of fibers*100%.

[0084] Example 10

[0085] The present embodiment provides a spandex shaped monofilament, which includes a multi-lobal structure; the multi-lobal structure includes 5 blades and a central part formed by connecting adjacent blades; the blade includes a blade top, a blade middle and a blade root; the blade tops of adjacent blades are isolated from each other and the blade middles of adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade roots of adjacent blades are connected with a first curved surface that is concave toward the central part; the blade top is a second curved surface that convexes outward.

[0086] This embodiment also provides a spinning device, such as Figure 5 As shown, the spinning device includes a spinneret and three spinneret holes arranged on the spinneret;

[0087] like Figure 6 As shown, the spinneret includes a feed port, a delivery pipe and a discharge port in sequence. The feed port includes a wide end away from the delivery pipe and a narrow end close to the delivery pipe; the diameter of the narrow end is equivalent to the diameter of the delivery pipe; the diameter of the wide end is larger than the diameter of the narrow end; the angle between the generatrix of the conical surface connecting the wide end and the narrow end is 65°; the length L3 of the delivery pipe is 6mm; the spinneret also includes a conical connection portion connecting the delivery pipe and the discharge port; the angle between the generatrix of the conical connection portion is 65°. The discharge port of the spinneret is a multi-lobed structure; the multi-lobed structure includes blades and a center portion formed by the connection of adjacent blades;

[0088] The blade includes a blade top, a blade middle and a blade root; the blade tops of adjacent blades are isolated from each other and the blade middles of adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade roots of adjacent blades are connected by a smooth first curved surface that is concave toward the center; the blade top is a smooth second curved surface that bulges outward; and the two sides of the blade middle are parallel.

[0089] The number of blades in the multi-leaf structure is 5, the distance from the outermost point of the top of the blade to the center point of the center is the blade length L1, and the blade length L1 is 0.15mm; the distance between the two parallel sides in the middle of the blade is the blade width W, and the blade width W is 0.10mm; the arc radius R1 of the first curved surface is 0.05mm; the arc radius R2 of the second curved surface is half of the blade width W; the aspect ratio L2 / L1 of the thickness L2 of the multi-leaf structure and the arc radius R1 of the first curved surface is 2:1. The angles between the blades in the multi-leaf structure are the same, all 72°.

[0090] The spinneret holes are symmetrically distributed on the spinneret plate; the symmetrical distribution includes central symmetrical distribution and axisymmetric distribution. Specifically, the spinneret plate is circular, the outer diameter of the spinneret plate is 28.0 mm, and one spinneret hole is arranged at the center of the spinneret plate.

[0091] The preparation method of the spandex shaped monofilament described in this embodiment refers to Example 1. The preparation method of the spandex shaped monofilament described in this embodiment refers to Example 1. The profile rate of the spandex shaped monofilament is as high as 92%, and the range of the blade length L1 is 0.06mm, the range of the blade width W is 0.04mm, and the difference between the angles between the blades is within 8°.

[0092] Embodiment 11

[0093] The present embodiment provides a spandex shaped monofilament, which includes a multi-lobal structure; the multi-lobal structure includes 4 blades and a central part formed by connecting adjacent blades; the blades include a blade top, a blade middle and a blade root; the blade tops of adjacent blades are isolated from each other and the blade middles of adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade roots of adjacent blades are connected with a first curved surface that is concave toward the central part; the blade top is a second curved surface that convexes outward.

[0094] This embodiment also provides a spinning device, such as Figure 7 As shown, the spinning device includes a spinneret and three spinneret holes arranged on the spinneret;

[0095] like Figure 8As shown, the spinneret includes a feed port, a delivery pipe and a discharge port in sequence. The feed port includes a wide end away from the delivery pipe and a narrow end close to the delivery pipe; the diameter of the narrow end is equivalent to the diameter of the delivery pipe; the diameter of the wide end is larger than the diameter of the narrow end; the angle between the generatrix of the conical surface connecting the wide end and the narrow end is 50°; the length L3 of the delivery pipe is 9mm; the spinneret also includes a conical connection portion connecting the delivery pipe and the discharge port; the angle between the generatrix of the conical connection portion is 50°. The discharge port of the spinneret is a multi-lobed structure; the multi-lobed structure includes blades and a center portion formed by the connection of adjacent blades;

[0096] The blade includes a blade top, a blade middle and a blade root; the blade tops of adjacent blades are isolated from each other and the blade middles of adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade roots of adjacent blades are connected by a smooth first curved surface that is concave toward the center; the blade top is a smooth second curved surface that bulges outward; and the two sides of the blade middle are parallel.

[0097] The number of blades in the multi-leaf structure is 4, the distance from the outermost point of the top of the blade to the center point of the center is the blade length L1, and the blade length L1 is 0.35mm; the distance between the two parallel sides in the middle of the blade is the blade width W, and the blade width W is 0.25mm; the arc radius R1 of the first curved surface is 0.20mm; the arc radius R2 of the second curved surface is half of the blade width W; the aspect ratio L2 / L1 of the thickness L2 of the multi-leaf structure to the blade length L1 is 6:1. The angles between the blades in the multi-leaf structure are the same, all 90°.

[0098] The spinnerets are symmetrically distributed on the spinneret; the symmetrical distribution includes central symmetrical distribution and axisymmetric distribution. Specifically, the spinneret is circular, the outer diameter of the spinneret is 35.0 mm, and the five spinnerets are arranged in a regular pentagon, with the apex 11 mm away from the center of the circle.

[0099] The preparation method of the spandex shaped monofilament in this embodiment refers to Example 1. The spandex shaped monofilament has a shaped rate of up to 91%, and the range of the blade length L1 is 0.04 mm, the range of the blade width W is 0.04 mm, and the difference between the angles between the blades is between 5 and 10°.

[0100] The spandex shaped monofilaments provided in Examples 1 and 10 to 11 of the present invention have no special requirements for the spinning solution, have high spinnability, and a spinning speed of more than 900 m / min. The obtained fiber yarns have excellent mechanical properties. The shaped yarns prepared in this example have excellent moisture absorption and quick drying properties, matting effect, and wear resistance, and the basic physical and mechanical properties of the shaped yarns are also maintained well, and there is no degradation compared with conventional round spandex fibers.

[0101] Comparative Example 4

[0102] The same spandex spinning solution and spinning conditions as in Example 1 are used, and the spinning device includes a spinneret and three spinneret holes arranged on the spinneret, the spinneret holes are circular, and the spinneret holes are symmetrically distributed on the spinneret; the symmetrical distribution includes central symmetrical distribution and axisymmetric distribution. Specifically, the spinneret is circular, the outer diameter of the spinneret is 42.0 mm, and the three spinneret holes are arranged in an equilateral triangle, with the vertex 10 mm away from the center of the circle.

[0103] The mechanical properties of spandex yarn were tested using a constant rate elongation strength testing machine (RTC-1210A). The performance parameters of the spandex yarn are shown in Table 2.

[0104] "GBT21655.1-2008 Evaluation Standard for Moisture Absorption and Quick-drying of Textiles" is used for moisture absorption and perspiration testing.

[0105] Light transmittance: Referring to FZ-T-01009-2008 fabric light transmittance determination, spandex (40D) and polyester (75D) were woven into fabric samples (ammonia content was about 15%). After heat setting, a piece of fabric was cut and placed on a spectrophotometer to test the light transmittance of the fabric. The test was performed 5 times in parallel and the average value was taken.

[0106] Table 2

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] From Table 1 and Table 2, we can see the following points:

[0110] (1) It can be seen from the combined results of Example 1 and Examples 10 to 11 that the spandex shaped monofilament provided by the present invention has a shaped rate of more than 90%, and the shaped yarns obtained are relatively uniform in shape, the range of the blade length L1 is within 0.08 mm, the range of the blade width W is within 0.06 mm, the difference between the angles between the blades is within 15°, and the shape performance is excellent; the corresponding fiber yarns have excellent performance in all aspects, such as the breaking strength of the three yarns is above 0.93 cN / dtex, the breaking elongation is above 539.2%, the water absorption rate in the hygroscopicity is as high as more than 135%, the water droplet diffusion speed is as fast as within 2.8 s, and the light transmittance is only within 5%;

[0111] (2) Influence of spinneret blade length

[0112] By comparing Example 1 and Examples 2-3, it can be seen that the blade length in Example 1 is 0.26 mm, compared with Examples 2-3 in which the blade lengths are only 0.10 mm and 0.40 mm respectively, the shape irregularities of Examples 2-3 are significantly reduced to 50% and 58%, and in Example 2, due to the shorter blade length, the water absorption rate is significantly reduced and the light transmittance is significantly increased. In Example 3, due to the excessively long blade length, the breaking strength is only 0.84 cN / dtex, and the strength is severely reduced. This shows that the present invention can effectively control the shape irregularity and shape of the spandex monofilament by controlling the spinneret blade length within a specific range, thereby ultimately improving the performance of the fiber filament.

[0113] (3) Influence of spinneret blade width

[0114] By comparing Example 1 with Examples 4 to 5, it can be seen that the blade widths in Examples 4 to 5 are only 0.05 mm and 0.30 mm, respectively, resulting in a decrease in the deformity rate to 60% and 45%, and a decrease in the water absorption rate and breaking strength of the obtained fiber filaments. This shows that the present invention can increase the deformity rate by controlling the blade width within a specific range, thereby ultimately ensuring properties such as the water absorption rate and breaking strength of the fiber filaments.

[0115] (4) Influence of spinneret holes L2 / L1 and R1

[0116] Similar to the aforementioned parameter selection, it can be seen from the comparison of Examples 6 to 9 that the selection of spinnerets L2 / L1 and R1 has a relatively important influence on the shape rate. The present invention preferably limits the size of the spinneret holes to a specific range, thereby further improving the shape rate of the shaped yarn and improving the performance of the final spandex yarn.

[0117] (5) Influence of various shapes

[0118] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 1 to 4, it can be seen that in Example 1, the spinnerets are arranged to be connected with curved surfaces and the middle parts of the blades are parallel. Compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 4, which are respectively arranged to be connected at an angle or to be non-parallel to the middle parts of the leaves and the circular holes, the profile rate in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 is low, and the shape uniformity of the blades is poor. Among them, the breaking strength of the fiber filaments obtained in Comparative Example 1 is only 0.85 cN / dtex, and the diffusion of water droplets requires 3.6 s. The water absorption rates in Comparative Examples 2 to 3 are respectively reduced to 115% and 103%, and the light transmittance is increased to 11% and 13%. The light transmittance in Comparative Example 4 is increased to 25%, and the water absorption rate is only 80%. This shows that the present invention obtains shaped filaments of suitable size, significantly improves the water absorption and light transmittance of the fiber filaments, and can effectively guarantee the mechanical properties.

[0119] The present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the components selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spandex shaped monofilament, characterized in that: The spandex shaped monofilament comprises a multi-lobed structure; the multi-lobed structure comprises leaves and a central portion formed by connecting adjacent leaves; The leaf blade comprises a leaf top, a leaf middle and a leaf root; The leaf tops of adjacent leaves are isolated from each other and the leaf middles of adjacent leaves are isolated from each other; the leaf roots of adjacent leaves are connected by a first curved surface that is concave toward the center; and the leaf top is a second curved surface that is convex outward.

2. The spandex shaped monofilament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance from the outermost point of the top of the leaf to the exact center point of the center part is the leaf length L1, and the leaf length L1 is independently 0.13-0.40 mm; and the range of the leaf length L1 of each leaf in the spandex shaped monofilament is 0-0.08 mm.

3. The spandex shaped monofilament according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The distance between the two sides of the middle of the leaf is the leaf width W, and the leaf width W is 0.08-0.28 mm; and the range of the leaf width W of each leaf in the spandex shaped monofilament is 0-0.06 mm.

4. The spandex shaped monofilament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc radius R2 of the second curved surface is 0.5 to 0.6 times the width W of the blade.

5. The spandex shaped monofilament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The difference between the angles between the leaves in the multi-leaf structure is 0 to 15°; Preferably, the number of leaves of the multi-leaf structure is 3 to 5; Preferably, the profile rate of the spandex profiled monofilament is in the range of 80-100%.

6. A spinning device, characterized in that: The spinning device comprises a spinning plate and at least one spinning hole arranged on the spinning plate; the spinning hole comprises a feed port, a conveying pipe and a discharge port in sequence; The outlet of the spinneret is a multi-lobed structure; the multi-lobed structure includes blades and a central portion formed by connecting adjacent blades; The blade includes a blade top, a blade middle and a blade root; the blade tops of adjacent blades are isolated from each other and the blade middles of adjacent blades are isolated from each other; the blade roots of adjacent blades are connected by a smooth first curved surface that is concave toward the center; the blade top is a smooth second curved surface that bulges outward; and the two sides of the blade middle are parallel.

7. The spinning device according to claim 6, characterized in that The feed port includes a wide end away from the conveying pipe and a narrow end close to the conveying pipe; the diameter of the narrow end is equivalent to the diameter of the conveying pipe; the diameter of the wide end is larger than the diameter of the narrow end; Preferably, the angle between the generatrix of the conical surface connecting the wide end and the narrow end is 50-65°; Preferably, the length L3 of the delivery tube is 6 to 9 mm; Preferably, the spinneret hole further comprises a tapered connecting portion connecting the delivery pipe and the discharge port; Preferably, the angle between the generatrixes of the tapered connecting portion is 50-65°; Preferably, the distance from the outermost point of the top of the leaf to the exact center point of the central part is the leaf length L1, and the leaf length L1 is 0.15 to 0.35 mm; Preferably, the distance between the two parallel sides of the middle of the leaf is the leaf width W, and the leaf width W is 0.10-0.25 mm; Preferably, the arc radius R1 of the first curved surface is 0.05-0.20 mm; Preferably, the arc radius R2 of the second curved surface is 0.5 to 0.6 times the blade width W; Preferably, the aspect ratio L2 / L1 of the thickness L2 of the multi-leaf structure to the blade length L1 is 2:1 to 6:1, preferably 3:1; Preferably, the angles between the leaves in the multi-leaf structure are the same; Preferably, the number of leaves of the multi-leaf structure is 3 to 5; Preferably, the spinneret holes are symmetrically distributed on the spinneret plate; the symmetrical distribution includes central symmetrical distribution and / or axisymmetric distribution; Preferably, the number of the spinneret holes is 1 to 5; Preferably, when the number of the spinneret hole is 1, the symmetry center of the spinneret hole overlaps with the symmetry center of the spinneret plate; Preferably, when the number of the spinnerets is 2, the spinnerets are arranged axially symmetrically on the spinneret; Preferably, when the diameter of the spinneret is 40-45 mm, the distance between two spinneret holes and the center of the spinneret is 7.5-15 mm; Preferably, when the number of the spinnerets is 3, the spinnerets are arranged in a triangle on the spinneret; Preferably, when the diameter of the spinneret is 40-45 mm, the distance between the three spinneret holes and the center of the spinneret is 10-15 mm; Preferably, when the number of the spinnerets is 5, the spinnerets are arranged in a regular pentagon shape on the spinneret; Preferably, when the diameter of the spinneret is 40-45 mm, the distance between the five spinneret holes and the center of the spinneret is 10-15 mm.

8. A method for preparing the spandex shaped monofilament according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The preparation method adopts the spinning device described in any one of claims 6 to 8 to perform spinning to form spandex shaped monofilaments.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The viscosity of the spinning solution of the spandex shaped monofilament at 40° C. ranges from 3000 to 6000 poise.

10. A fiber yarn, characterized in that: The fiber filaments include at least one spandex shaped monofilament according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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