Pneumatic separation sabot

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-high-speed launching of light-gas guns, in particular to a pneumatic separation sabot which comprises at least two sub-sabot bodies, each sub-sabot body is provided with a sub-cover, all the sub-sabot bodies are circumferentially distributed around a preset axis to form a sabot body, and all the sub-covers define a sealed sabot cavity. The preset axis coincides with the central axis of the sealed elastic cavity; a wind resistance part is formed at the position, away from the central axis, of each sub-support. The inner wall of the sealed bullet cavity can tightly wrap and bear fragile bullets or particle swarms, the effect of fixing the bullets and the particle swarms is achieved, the situation that the bullets are disturbed and move relative to the bullet support to be broken is avoided, and the situation that the particle swarms are scattered in a launching tube is avoided. The wind resistance part is formed at the position, far away from the central axis, of each sub-support, after the projectile support flies out of the launching tube, the wind resistance parts generate radial separation force under the action of air resistance, and radial speed is generated under the action of the radial separation force, so that the projectile support is gradually separated from projectiles or particle swarms in the flying process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ultra-high-speed launch of light gas guns, and in particular to a pneumatically separated cartridge case. Background Art

[0002] Research in the fields of spacecraft protection, kinetic weapons, asteroid defense, etc. requires ground-based hypervelocity kinetic impact experiments. Ground experiments are usually carried out on light gas guns, which use lightweight compressed gas to accelerate projectiles. There are one-stage light gas guns, two-stage light gas guns, and three-stage light gas guns. The first-stage light gas gun can load larger mass projectiles to 0.5-2km / s, the second-stage light gas gun can load smaller mass projectiles to 2-7km / s, and the third-stage light gas gun can load projectiles to more than 10km / s.

[0003] When a light gas gun fires a projectile, in order to make the projectile adapt to the muzzle size, a sabot structure is needed to support, seal, and transfer gas pressure to the projectile to ensure that the projectile obtains a high initial velocity. After the projectile leaves the muzzle, the projectile and sabot need to be separated to prevent the sabot from causing additional destructive effects on the target plate and ensure the accuracy of the experiment.

[0004] At present, the commonly used projectile materials for light gas guns are mostly metal materials such as aluminum alloy, steel, and copper. Due to the high strength of metal, they can withstand the ultra-high pressure transmitted from the sabot during the launch process without breaking. However, for projectiles made of fragile materials such as rocks, they will break because they cannot withstand the ultra-high pressure transmitted by the sabot, and the integrity of the projectile cannot be guaranteed. In addition, the hypervelocity launch of particle groups has important applications in space debris protection, asteroid impacts, etc., and the traditional sabot is a hemispherical groove. If a traditional sabot is used to launch a particle group composed of multiple small projectiles, the particle group cannot be fixed, causing the particle group to scatter in the barrel. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a pneumatic separation sabot to solve the problems in the prior art that when a light gas gun fires fragile projectiles and particle groups, the fragile projectiles cannot withstand the ultra-high pressure transmitted by the sabot and break into pieces, and the particle groups scatter in the gun barrel.

[0006] The present application provides a pneumatic separation cartridge, comprising:

[0007] At least two sub-holders, each sub-holder has a sub-cover, all the sub-holders are circumferentially distributed around a preset axis to form a support body so that all the sub-covers enclose a sealed bullet cavity, and the preset axis coincides with the central axis of the sealed bullet cavity;

[0008] A wind resistance portion is formed at a position of each sub-holder away from the central axis.

[0009] In one possible design, each sub-tray includes:

[0010] The bottom push layer is located at the end of the sub-tray away from the sealing bullet cavity;

[0011] The bearing layer is located at one end of the sub-tray close to the sealing elastic cavity;

[0012] The filling layer is arranged between the bottom push layer and the bearing layer, and the density of the bottom push layer is greater than the density of the bearing layer and the density of the filling layer.

[0013] In one possible design, the bottom push layer is made of glass fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone;

[0014] and / or, the carrier layer is made of polycarbonate;

[0015] And / or, the filling layer is made of polyethylene.

[0016] In a possible design, a limiting structure is respectively provided on the contact surfaces of two adjacent sub-holders, and the two adjacent sub-holders are connected via the limiting structure.

[0017] In a possible design, the limiting structure includes meshing teeth, and the length direction of the meshing teeth is perpendicular to the central axis of the sealing elastic chamber.

[0018] In a possible design, a sub-groove is formed on each sub-support at a position corresponding to the sub-cover.

[0019] In a possible design, all the sub-covers and sub-grooves together enclose a sealed bullet chamber.

[0020] In a possible design, the sub-covers are arranged on the inner wall of the sub-groove, and all the sub-covers are enclosed to form a sealed elastic chamber.

[0021] In a possible design, the wind resistance portion is formed on an end surface of the sub-support having the sub-cover, the side of the wind resistance portion away from the preset axis forms a cylindrical surface, and the side of the wind resistance portion close to the preset axis forms an inclined surface.

[0022] In a possible design, the inclined surface is a conical surface.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0024] The pneumatic separation cartridge of the present application includes at least two sub-carriers, each of which has a sub-cover, and all the sub-carriers are arranged circumferentially to form a cartridge body, and all the sub-covers are enclosed to form a sealed cartridge chamber, which is used to place the projectile, and the inner wall of the sealed cartridge chamber is interference-fitted with the outer wall of the projectile, so that the inner wall of the sealed cartridge chamber tightly covers and carries the fragile projectile or particle group, plays the role of fixing the projectile and the particle group, and prevents the projectile from being disturbed and breaking due to relative movement with the cartridge, and prevents the particle group from being scattered in the launch tube. By forming a wind resistance part at a position away from the central axis of each sub-carrier, after the projectile cartridge flies out of the launch tube, the wind resistance part is affected by air resistance, generating a radial separation force, and under the action of the radial separation force, the sub-carrier has a radial velocity, so that it gradually separates from the projectile or particle group during the flight. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pneumatic separation support provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the pneumatic separation support provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pneumatic separation support provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the state of the pneumatic separation cartridge and the projectile in the launch tube provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a state in which a pneumatic separation sabot provided in an embodiment of the present application gradually separates from a projectile after flying out of a launch tube;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a state in which a pneumatic separation cartridge provided in an embodiment of the present application is intercepted by a baffle and a projectile passes through the baffle;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the state of the pneumatic separation cartridge and the particle group in the launch tube provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a state in which a pneumatic separation sabot provided in an embodiment of the present application gradually separates from a particle group after flying out of a launch tube;

[0034] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a state in which a pneumatic separation cartridge provided in an embodiment of the present application is intercepted by a baffle and a particle group passes through the baffle.

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036] 100, cartridge body; 110, sub-carrier; 111, sub-cover; 112, sealed cartridge chamber; 113, wind resistance portion; 114, bottom push layer; 115, bearing layer; 116, filling layer; 117, meshing teeth; 118, sub-groove; 210, projectile; 220, particle group; 300, launch tube; 400, baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 9 , describing the pneumatic separation cartridge provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the pneumatic separation support includes a sub-support 110, and the number of the sub-support 110 is at least two, for example, the number of the sub-support 110 is two, three, four, etc., and all the sub-supports 110 are circumferentially distributed around a preset axis to form a support body 100. In some specific embodiments, the number of the sub-supports 110 is two, each of which is semi-cylindrical, and the two semi-cylindrical sub-supports 110 are arranged opposite to each other to form a complete cylindrical support body 100, thereby matching the inner wall of the launch tube 300. In some specific embodiments, the number of the sub-supports 110 is three, and the cross-section of each sub-support 110 is a fan-shaped with a central angle of 120 degrees, and the side walls of the three sub-supports 110 contact each other to form a cylindrical support body 100, thereby matching the inner wall of the launch tube 300.

[0040] A sub-cover 111 is provided at the front end of each sub-retainer 110, and the sub-cover 111 is an integrally formed structure or is bonded or clamped with the sub-retainer 110. Specifically, the sub-cover 111 is an arc-shaped cover. After all the sub-retainers 110 are circumferentially distributed around the preset axis so that two adjacent sub-retainers 110 contact each other to form the support body 100, all the sub-covers 111 are enclosed together to form a sealed bullet cavity 112. Specifically, the sealed bullet cavity 112 is a spherical cavity that matches the spherical projectile 210. When the projectile 210 is loaded into the sealed bullet cavity 112, the outer surface of the projectile 210 and the inner wall of the sealed bullet cavity 112 are interference fit. Among them, the preset axis coincides with the central axis of the sealed bullet cavity 112, thereby ensuring that each sub-retainer 110 can be separated from the projectile 210 in the sealed bullet cavity 112 smoothly and quickly.

[0041] Each sub-holder 110 is formed with a wind resistance portion 113 at a position away from the central axis. By forming the wind resistance portion 113 at a position away from the central axis of each sub-holder 110, after the projectile 210 flies out of the launch tube 300, the wind resistance portion 113 is affected by air resistance, generating a radial separation force, and under the action of the radial separation force, the sub-holder has a radial velocity, so that it gradually separates from the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 during the flight.

[0042] By utilizing the technical solution provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, a sealed bullet chamber 112 is formed by enclosing the sub-cover 111, so that the inner wall of the sealed bullet chamber 112 tightly covers and carries the fragile projectile 210 or the particle group 220, thereby playing the role of fixing the projectile 210 or the particle group 220, preventing the projectile 210 from being disturbed and breaking due to relative movement with the cartridge case, and preventing the particle group 220 from scattering from the sub-carrier 110 into the launch tube 300.

[0043] Reference Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments provided by the present application, each sub-support 110 includes a bottom push layer 114, a bearing layer 115 and a filling layer 116, and the bottom push layer 114 is located at one end of the sub-support 110 away from the sealed bullet cavity 112. The bearing layer 115 is located at one end of the sub-support 110 close to the sealed bullet cavity 112. The filling layer 116 is arranged between the bottom push layer 114 and the bearing layer 115. The bottom push layer 114 and the filling layer 116, and the bearing layer 115 and the filling layer 116 are respectively bonded, clamped or threaded. Specifically, the bottom push layer 114, the bearing layer 115 and the filling layer 116 are respectively high molecular polymers. The density of the bottom push layer 114 is greater than the density of the bearing layer 115, and the density of the filling layer 116 is greater than the density of the filling layer 116. In this way, the sub-support 110 can have a multilayer structure with different densities, so that the bottom push layer 114 has a high strength due to its large density. Under the action of ultra-high shock wave pressure, as a structure that contacts the shock wave first, it is less likely to break. The filling layer 116 is more likely to deform due to its low density, thereby further attenuating the pressure peak of the shock wave after passing through the bottom push layer 114. The density of the bearing layer 115 is moderate, so it has a certain strength and toughness, so that it can remain intact under the impact of the shock wave buffered by the filling layer 116. In addition, it plays a protective role for the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 in the sealed bullet chamber 112, so that the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 can reach a preset speed within the effective distance while avoiding being shattered by the shock wave.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the bottom push layer 114 is made of a high-density polymer such as glass fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone or polytetrafluoroethylene; the bearing layer 115 is made of a medium-density polymer such as polycarbonate or nylon; and the filling layer 116 is made of a low-density polymer such as polyethylene or polypropylene. Since glass fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone and polytetrafluoroethylene have very high strength, it can ensure that the bottom push layer 114 will not be broken under the action of ultra-high shock wave pressure. Since polyethylene and polypropylene are soft materials with very low density and low strength, the filling layer 116 can be deformed. When the shock wave propagates from the bottom push layer 114 to the filling layer 116, the filling layer 116 will be greatly deformed to attenuate the pressure peak of the shock wave. Since polycarbonate and nylon have high strength and toughness, when the attenuated shock wave propagates to the bearing layer 115, the bearing layer 115 is sufficient to resist the shock wave, thereby protecting the projectile 210 or particle group 220 in the sealed bullet chamber 112, so that the projectile 210 or particle group 220 can reach a preset speed within an effective distance while avoiding being shattered by the shock wave.

[0045] Reference Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments provided by the present application, the contact surfaces of two adjacent sub-holders 110 are respectively provided with limiting structures, and the two adjacent sub-holders 110 are connected by limiting structures to realize the rapid positioning and assembly of the two sub-holders 110. During the movement, the limiting structures of the two sub-holders 110 are matched with each other in a concave-convex manner, and the bullet holder carries the fragile projectile 210 or the particle group 220 to fly out of the launch tube 300 at ultra-high speed. In some specific embodiments, the limiting structure includes a meshing tooth 117, and the meshing tooth 117 is respectively formed on the contact surfaces of the two sub-holders 110 and is matched with each other in a concave-convex manner. The meshing tooth 117 is a bar-shaped tooth, and the length direction of the meshing tooth 117 is perpendicular to the central axis of the sealed bullet chamber 112. In this way, while the sub-holder 110 can be axially limited, the radial force required for the separation process of the sub-holder 110 can be reduced as much as possible. In some specific embodiments, the meshing tooth 117 can be set at one end of the sub-holder 110 away from the sealed bullet chamber 112 to further reduce the radial force required for the separation process of the sub-holder 110.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments provided by the present application, a sub-groove 118 is formed at a position corresponding to the sub-cover 111 on each sub-holder 110, and all the sub-covers 111 and the sub-groove 118 are enclosed together to form a sealed elastic cavity 112. For example, there are two sub-holders 110, two sub-grooves 118, two sub-covers 111, the sub-groove 118 is a 1 / 4 spherical surface, the sub-cover 111 is a 1 / 4 spherical surface, the sub-cover 111 and the sub-holder 110 are integrally formed, and the inner walls of the two sub-covers 111 and the inner walls of the two sub-grooves 118 together form a spherical cavity, so that the overall structural strength of the sub-cover 111 can be improved.

[0047] In some specific embodiments, there are two sub-holders 110, two sub-grooves 118, two sub-covers 111, the sub-covers 111 are 1 / 2 spherical surfaces, the sub-grooves 118 are 1 / 4 spherical surfaces, the sub-covers 111 are embedded in the inner wall of the sub-grooves 118, for example, the sub-covers 111 are bonded to the inner wall of the sub-grooves 118, and the two sub-covers 111 are enclosed together to form a spherical sealed elastic chamber 112. In this way, while ensuring the overall structural strength of the sub-covers 111, it is easy to shape.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, the number of sub-holders 110 is two, the number of sub-grooves 118 is two, the number of sub-covers 111 is two, the sub-cover 111 is a 1 / 2 spherical surface, the sub-grooves 118 are larger than a 1 / 4 spherical surface, the sub-cover 111 is arranged on the inner wall of the sub-grooves 118, there is a gap between the sub-cover 111 and the inner wall of the sub-grooves 118, and a spring is installed, the length direction of the spring is perpendicular to the flight direction of the projectile 210, and one end of the spring is embedded in the outer wall of the sub-cover 111. , and the other end is embedded in the inner wall of the sub-groove 118, so that when the two sub-covers 111 are closed, the spring is compressed, and the elastic force of the spring limits the projectile 210, preventing the projectile 210 from being disturbed and breaking due to relative movement with the support; when the sub-support 110 is separated from the projectile 210, the spring can give the sub-support 110 a reaction force, thereby pushing the sub-support 110 outward in a direction perpendicular to the flight direction of the projectile 210, thereby increasing the component force speed of the sub-support 110 and the projectile 210.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the wind resistance portion 113 is formed on one end surface of the sub-holder 110 having the sub-cover 111, that is, the front end surface (windward surface) of the cartridge body 100, and the side of the wind resistance portion 113 away from the preset axis forms a cylindrical surface, and the side of the wind resistance portion 113 close to the central axis of the cartridge body 100 forms an inclined surface. Specifically, the wind resistance portion 113 is a convex ring protruding from the front end surface of the cartridge body 100, wherein the outer ring surface of the convex ring is a cylindrical surface equal to the outer diameter of the sub-holder 110, and the inner side surface of the convex ring is a conical surface. In this way, there is an angle between the conical surface and the central axis of the cartridge body 100, that is, the windward angle. When the cartridge body 100 and the launch tube 300 move at high speed, the windward angle is affected by air resistance, and the oncoming airflow can generate aerodynamic force at the windward angle. Under the action of aerodynamic force, radial separation force is generated. Under the action of radial separation force, each sub-carrier 110 has a radial velocity, and gradually separates from the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 during the flight, thereby achieving separation of each sub-carrier 110 from the projectile 210 or the particle group 220.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 7As shown, the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 is placed in the sealed bullet cavity 112 of the sabot body 100, and then the sabot body 100 is placed in the launch tube 300. During the launch, the gas pressure pushes the sabot body 100 to move forward. Since the bottom push layer 114 of the sabot body 100 is made of the hardest material and has the highest strength, it will withstand the gas pressure of the launch tube 300 behind the sabot body 100. After the pressure is transmitted from the bottom push layer 114 to the softer filling layer 116, the filling layer 116 will deform, attenuating the peak value of the shock wave pressure and prolonging the shock wave time. After the pressure is transmitted from the filling layer 116 to the bearing layer 115, the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 in the sealed bullet cavity 112 is pushed forward by the bearing layer 115. The bearing layer 115 has good toughness and is not easy to break.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, after the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 and the cartridge case body 100 fly out of the launch tube 300, the wind resistance portion 113 is affected by the air resistance, generating a radial separation force, under which each sub-carrier 110 has a radial velocity, and each sub-carrier 110 gradually separates from the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 during the flight.

[0052] Reference Figure 6 , Fig. 9 As shown, when the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 and the sabot body 100 fly to the baffle 400, the sabot body 100 hits the baffle 400 and is intercepted, and the projectile 210 or the particle group 220 flies out from the small hole in the middle of the baffle 400 and hits the target plate.

[0053] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0054] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0055] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pneumatic separation cartridge, characterized in that: include: At least two sub-holders, each of which has a sub-cover, and all of the sub-holders are circumferentially distributed around a preset axis to form a support body so that all of the sub-covers enclose a sealed elastic cavity, and the preset axis coincides with the central axis of the sealed elastic cavity; A wind resistance portion is formed at a position of each sub-holder away from the central axis.

2. The pneumatic separation support according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the sub-holders comprises: A bottom push layer, located at an end of the sub-tray away from the sealing elastic cavity; A bearing layer, located at one end of the sub-holder close to the sealing elastic cavity; The filling layer is arranged between the bottom push layer and the bearing layer, and the density of the bottom push layer is greater than the density of the bearing layer and greater than the density of the filling layer.

3. The pneumatic separation support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom push layer is made of glass fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone; And / or, the bearing layer is made of polycarbonate; And / or, the filling layer is made of polyethylene.

4. The pneumatic separation support according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A limiting structure is respectively arranged on the contact surfaces of two adjacent sub-holders, and the two adjacent sub-holders are connected via the limiting structure.

5. The pneumatic separation support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes meshing teeth, and the length direction of the meshing teeth is perpendicular to the central axis of the sealing elastic chamber.

6. The pneumatic separation support according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A sub-groove is formed on each of the sub-supports at a position corresponding to the sub-cover.

7. The pneumatic separation support according to claim 6, characterized in that: All of the sub-covers and the sub-grooves together enclose the sealed elastic chamber.

8. The pneumatic separation support according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sub-covers are arranged on the inner wall of the sub-groove, and all the sub-covers are enclosed to form the sealed elastic cavity.

9. The pneumatic separation support according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The wind resistance part is formed on an end surface of the sub-holder having the sub-cover, the side of the wind resistance part away from the preset axis forms a cylindrical surface, and the side of the wind resistance part close to the preset axis forms an inclined surface.

10. The pneumatic separation support according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inclined surface is a conical surface.

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