Integrated installation device and installation method for hydrological observation in-hole osmometer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrological observation in-hole osmometers, in particular to an integrated installation device and method for a hydrological observation in-hole osmometer. Comprising observation holes, a base and a hollow rod, the observation hole is vertically arranged and is located under the ground; the base is fixedly connected to the ground and located above the observation hole. The interior of the hollow rod is hollow, and the hollow rod is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base; the osmometer terminal is fixedly connected to the top end of the hollow rod, one end of the osmometer cable is connected with the osmometer terminal, the other end of the osmometer cable penetrates through the hollow rod and the base and extends into the observation hole, and the osmometer probe is connected with the other end of the osmometer cable. The installation efficiency and accuracy of the osmometer are improved, the cable routing is regular, the osmometer can be protected, and the osmometer is prevented from being damaged by the external environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of osmometers in hydrological observation holes, and in particular to an integrated installation device and an installation method for an osmometer in a hydrological observation hole. Background Art

[0002] A piezometer (also called a pore water pressure gauge) is a sensor used to measure the pore water pressure or osmotic pressure inside a structure. It is widely used in water level monitoring in hydrogeological observation holes, pressure measuring tubes, hydraulic structures, foundations, retaining walls, dams, levees, slopes, excavation projects, tunnels and underground projects. When installing a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole, the instrument needs to be kept away from the bottom of the pipe in a non-contact state to prevent debris in the hole from affecting the permeability of the piezometer, so that the piezometer can play a better measurement role.

[0003] The traditional installation method is to wrap the piezometer with geotextile and suspend it with a steel wire rope to the designed elevation. First of all, it is difficult to accurately install the piezometer at the specified elevation with this method. The error range is large during the installation process. Improper installation will cause the measured data to be different from the designed data. This problem troubles accurate measurement and installation, resulting in frequent operations. Secondly, the installers are required to design the ground engineering by themselves. Inexperienced installers are prone to design errors, which reduces installation efficiency. Thirdly, the cable routing at the construction site is chaotic, which affects the transmission power and life of the cable, increases safety hazards, and increases the difficulty of maintenance. In addition, without protective measures, external environments such as wind, rain, ice, snow, and lightning are extremely likely to cause damage to electrical appliances. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated installation device and method for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole, which improves the installation efficiency and accuracy of the piezometer, and the regularity of the cable routing, and can protect the piezometer from damage by the external environment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An integrated installation device for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole comprises an observation hole, a base and a hollow rod; the observation hole is vertically arranged and located below the ground; the base is fixed to the ground and located above the observation hole; the hollow rod is hollow inside, and is vertically arranged and fixed to the upper surface of the base; a piezometer terminal is fixed to the top of the hollow rod, one end of the piezometer cable is connected to the piezometer terminal, the other end of the piezometer cable passes through the hollow rod and the base and extends into the observation hole, and the piezometer probe is connected to the other end of the piezometer cable.

[0007] Furthermore, the observation hole is provided with a wall protection tube, a flower tube, a cable protection tube and a pipe opening protection cover in sequence from bottom to top, and the pipe opening protection cover covers the pipe opening of the cable protection tube.

[0008] Furthermore, a gravel layer and a fine sand layer are provided between the wall protection tube and the inner wall of the observation hole.

[0009] Furthermore, a bentonite layer is provided between the flower tube and the inner wall of the observation hole.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a fixing block, which is fixed to the ground and located inside the base; the cable protection tube is fixed inside the fixing block.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a lightning rod, which is fixed to the side wall of the hollow rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom end of the hollow rod is fixed to the upper surface of the base by bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a cover plate, which covers the top surface of the base, is located directly above the observation hole, and is connected to the base by bolts.

[0014] A method for installing a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole is implemented based on the above-mentioned integrated installation device for an piezometer in a hydrological observation hole, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0015] 1) First, gravel with uniform particle size is placed in the observation hole to form a gravel layer; then fine sand is placed, the fine sand is filled between the gravel to form a fine sand layer, and a wall protection pipe is placed inside the gravel layer and the fine sand layer; finally, bentonite is placed to form a bentonite layer, and a flower pipe is placed inside the bentonite layer;

[0016] 2) A cable protection tube is arranged on the top of the flower tube, a tube opening protection cover is placed on the tube opening of the cable protection tube, and a fixing block is arranged outside the cable protection tube;

[0017] 3) Use high-strength corrosion-resistant bricks to build the base on the ground at the fixed block, and use cement mortar for filling and plastering;

[0018] 4) Place the other end of the piezometer cable and the probe of the piezometer into the observation hole, place the hollow rod horizontally, pass one end of the piezometer cable through the base and the hollow rod, connect one end of the piezometer cable to the piezometer terminal, and install the piezometer terminal on the top of the hollow rod;

[0019] 5) Stand up the hollow pole, adjust its direction and angle to ensure that it remains vertical to the ground. After the hollow pole is adjusted, use high-strength bolts to connect it to the base.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, one or more technical solutions provided by the present invention have at least the following technical effects and advantages:

[0021] 1. The present invention is an integrated piezometer-base-pole device, which simplifies the installation process, avoids the trouble of installers needing to design ground engineering by themselves, and significantly improves installation efficiency. The piezometer cable of the present invention is installed in the base and the hollow rod, which not only regularizes the cable routing, improves the transmission power and life of the cable, avoids safety hazards, and reduces the difficulty of maintenance; it can also play a good protective role for the cable, and prevents damage to the electrical appliance caused by external environments such as wind, rain, ice, snow, and lightning. The terminal of the piezometer is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow rod. By controlling the height of the hollow rod, the installation height of the terminal can be accurately controlled, and the piezometer can be accurately installed at a specified elevation.

[0022] 2. The present invention is provided with a lightning rod, which is fixed to the side wall of the hollow rod to protect the piezometer from lightning strikes.

[0023] 3. The present invention is provided with a cover plate, which covers the top surface of the base, is located directly above the observation hole, and is connected to the base by bolts to facilitate daily maintenance and inspection.

[0024] 4. The bottom end of the hollow rod of the present invention is fixed to the upper surface of the base by bolts, and the height of the vertical rod can be adjusted according to the depth of the observation hole to meet different monitoring requirements.

[0025] 5. The observation hole of the present invention is provided with a wall protection tube, a flower tube, a cable protection tube and a pipe opening protection cover from bottom to top, and the pipe opening protection cover covers the pipe opening of the cable protection tube. A gravel layer and a fine sand layer are provided between the wall protection tube and the inner wall of the observation hole. A bentonite layer is provided between the flower tube and the inner wall of the observation hole.

[0026] The gaps between gravel particles can filter groundwater and reduce the impact of impurities on the measurement accuracy of the piezometer. Then fine sand is added to further refine the structure of the filling layer. The fine sand particles are small and uniform, and can be tightly filled between the gravel to enhance the density and stability of the entire filling layer. Bentonite can expand rapidly when it meets water and fit tightly to the hole wall, protecting the piezometer from water scouring and erosion, and preventing impurities in the groundwater from entering the observation hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Lightning rod; 2. Piezometer terminal; 3. Hollow rod; 4. Cover plate; 5. Fixed block; 6. Base; 7. Cable protection tube; 8. Pipe mouth protection cover; 9. Bentonite layer; 10. Flower tube; 11. Fine sand layer; 12. PVC wall protection tube; 13. Piezometer cable; 14. Gravel layer; 15. Piezometer probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an integrated installation device for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole includes an observation hole, a base 6, a hollow rod 3, a fixing block 5, a cover plate 4 and a lightning rod 1.

[0034] The observation hole is vertically arranged and located below the ground. A PVC wall protection tube 12 , a flower tube 10 , a cable protection tube 7 and a pipe mouth protection cover 8 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the observation hole. The pipe mouth protection cover 8 covers the pipe mouth of the cable protection tube 7 .

[0035] A gravel layer 14 and a fine sand layer 11 are provided between the PVC wall protection tube 12 and the inner wall of the observation hole. A bentonite layer 9 is provided between the flower tube 10 and the inner wall of the observation hole. The gravel needs to have sufficient weight and strength to support the piezometer and prevent it from shifting under the influence of water flow. The gaps between the gravel particles can also filter groundwater and reduce the influence of impurities on the measurement accuracy of the piezometer. Then, fine sand is added to further refine the structure of the filling layer. The fine sand particles are small and uniform, and can be tightly filled between the gravel, enhancing the density and stability of the entire filling layer. Finally, bentonite is added. When bentonite meets water, it can expand rapidly and fit tightly to the well wall, protecting the piezometer from water scouring and erosion, and preventing impurities in the groundwater from entering the observation hole.

[0036] The cable protection tube 7 is fixed to the top of the flower tube 10, and the tube mouth protection cover 8 covers the tube mouth of the cable protection tube 7. The cable protection tube 7 and the tube mouth protection cover 8 effectively prevent the wear and tear of the cable and the signal transmission line and the erosion of the external environment, ensuring the continuity and stability of data transmission.

[0037] The fixing block 5 is fixed to the ground, and the cable protection tube 7 is fixed inside the fixing block 5. The fixing block 5 is installed at the hydrogeological observation hole to ensure that the osmometer can remain stable in a long-term underwater environment and is not affected by factors such as water flow. It can effectively resist the erosion of the underwater environment and provide protection for the osmometer.

[0038] The base 6 serves as the supporting foundation of the entire device. It is built with high-strength corrosion-resistant bricks, and then filled and plastered with cement mortar. After the surface of the base is completely dry and reaches the predetermined strength standard, the next step of line layout is carried out.

[0039] The base 6 is installed just above the opening of the hydrogeological observation hole, and the cover plate 4 is installed on the top of the base 6. The cover plate 4 can effectively prevent external environmental factors such as rainfall from entering the instrument, and can also facilitate observation and operation. The cover plate 4 covers the top surface of the base, is located just above the observation hole, and is connected to the base 6 by bolts, which is convenient for daily maintenance and inspection.

[0040] The bottom end of the hollow rod 3 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base 6 by high-strength bolts. The hollow rod 3 is made of metal material, and the internal hollow design facilitates the wiring of the piezometer cable 13. The surface of the hollow rod 3 is treated with anti-corrosion, and the height can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0041] The lightning rod 1 is fixed to the top side wall of the hollow rod 3 to protect the piezometer from lightning strikes. The piezometer terminal 2 is fixed to the top of the hollow rod 3 by rivets. One end of the piezometer cable 13 is connected to the piezometer terminal 1, and the other end of the piezometer cable 13 passes through the hollow rod 3 and the base 6 and extends into the observation hole. The piezometer probe 15 is connected to the other end of the piezometer cable 13.

[0042] A method for installing a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole is implemented based on the above-mentioned integrated installation device for an piezometer in a hydrological observation hole, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0043] 1) First, gravel with uniform particle size is placed into the observation hole to form a gravel layer 14. The gravel must have sufficient weight and strength to support the piezometer and prevent it from shifting under the influence of water flow. The gaps between gravel particles can also filter groundwater and reduce the impact of impurities on the measurement accuracy of the piezometer.

[0044] Then, fine sand is added, and the fine sand is filled between the gravels to form a fine sand layer 11. The fine sand particles are small and uniform, and can be tightly filled between the gravels to enhance the density and stability of the entire filling layer. A PVC wall protection pipe 12 is placed inside the gravel layer 14 and the fine sand layer 11.

[0045] Finally, bentonite is added to form a bentonite layer 9, and a flower tube 10 is placed inside the bentonite layer. Bentonite can expand rapidly and fit tightly to the well wall when it meets water, protecting the piezometer from water scouring and erosion, and preventing impurities in groundwater from entering the observation hole.

[0046] 2) A cable protection tube 7 is arranged at the top of the flower tube 10 , a tube opening protection cover 8 is covered on the tube opening of the cable protection tube, and a fixing block 5 is arranged outside the cable protection tube 7 .

[0047] 3) Use high-strength corrosion-resistant bricks to build a base 6 on the ground at the fixed block, build a square base 6 with a size of about 1m×1m and a height of about 0.2 meters, and then use cement mortar to fill and plaster the surface. After the surface of the base is completely dry and reaches the predetermined strength standard, proceed to the next step of line layout.

[0048] 4) Under the principle of ensuring that the line direction is reasonable and the path is the shortest, use professional line layout tools to carefully and slowly move the joint of the piezometer cable 13 to the mouth of the hollow rod 3. During the movement, ensure that there is no twisting or damage. When the joint of the piezometer cable 13 reaches the mouth of the hollow rod 3, use a threader to guide it to the piezometer terminal 2 and connect it to the piezometer terminal 2. After the piezometer terminal 2 is stably installed at the predetermined position on the top of the hollow rod 3, it is closely connected to the piezometer and other key equipment through the piezometer cable 13.

[0049] 5) Then slowly stand up the hollow rod 3, adjust the direction and angle of the hollow rod 3 to ensure that it remains vertical to the ground. After the hollow rod 3 is adjusted, use high-strength bolts to connect it to the base 6.

[0050] The present invention is an integrated piezometer-base-pole device, which simplifies the installation process, avoids the trouble of the installer needing to design the ground engineering by himself, and significantly improves the installation efficiency. The piezometer cable 13 of the present invention is installed in the base 6 and the hollow rod 2, which not only regularizes the cable routing, improves the transmission power and life of the cable, avoids safety hazards, and reduces the difficulty of maintenance; but also can play a good protective role for the cable, and prevents the external environment such as wind, rain, ice, snow, lightning, etc. from damaging the electrical appliances. The piezometer terminal 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow rod 3. By controlling the height of the hollow rod, the installation height of the terminal can be accurately controlled, and the piezometer can be accurately installed at the specified elevation.

[0051] The present invention improves the installation efficiency and accuracy of the piezometer, has regular cable routing, and can protect the piezometer from being damaged by the external environment.

[0052] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. The methods used in the above embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. An integrated installation device for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole, characterized in that: It includes an observation hole, a base and a hollow rod; The observation hole is arranged vertically and is located below the ground; The base is fixed to the ground and is located above the observation hole; The hollow rod is hollow inside, is vertically arranged, and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base; The piezometer terminal is fixed to the top of the hollow rod, one end of the piezometer cable is connected to the piezometer terminal, the other end of the piezometer cable passes through the hollow rod and the base and extends into the observation hole, and the piezometer probe is connected to the other end of the piezometer cable.

2. The integrated installation device for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation hole is provided with a wall protection tube, a flower tube, a cable protection tube and a pipe opening protection cover in sequence from bottom to top, and the pipe opening protection cover covers the pipe opening of the cable protection tube.

3. The integrated installation device for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gravel layer and a fine sand layer are provided between the wall protection pipe and the inner wall of the observation hole.

4. The integrated installation device for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bentonite layer is provided between the flower tube and the inner wall of the observation hole.

5. The integrated installation device for piezometer in a hydrological observation hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing block, which is fixed to the ground and located inside the base; the cable protection tube is fixed inside the fixing block.

6. The integrated installation device for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a lightning rod which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hollow rod.

7. The integrated installation device for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the hollow rod is fixed to the upper surface of the base through bolts.

8. The integrated installation device for a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cover plate, which covers the top surface of the base, is located directly above the observation hole, and is connected to the base through bolts.

9. A method for installing a piezometer in a hydrological observation hole, which is implemented based on the integrated installation device for an piezometer in a hydrological observation hole according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps include: 1) First, gravel with uniform particle size is placed in the observation hole to form a gravel layer; then fine sand is placed, the fine sand is filled between the gravel to form a fine sand layer, and a wall protection pipe is placed inside the gravel layer and the fine sand layer; finally, bentonite is placed to form a bentonite layer, and a flower pipe is placed inside the bentonite layer; 2) A cable protection tube is arranged on the top of the flower tube, a tube opening protection cover is placed on the tube opening of the cable protection tube, and a fixing block is arranged outside the cable protection tube; 3) Use high-strength corrosion-resistant bricks to build the base on the ground at the fixed block, and use cement mortar for filling and plastering; 4) Place the other end of the piezometer cable and the piezometer probe into the observation hole, place the hollow rod horizontally, pass one end of the piezometer cable through the base and the hollow rod, connect one end of the piezometer cable to the piezometer terminal, and install the piezometer terminal on the top of the hollow rod; 5) Stand up the hollow pole, adjust its direction and angle to ensure that it remains vertical to the ground. After the hollow pole is adjusted, use high-strength bolts to connect it to the base.

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