Testing device and method for indoor simulation of mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for indoor simulation of mechanical properties of a tunnel lining structure. The test device comprises a reaction frame, a detection rack and a loading assembly, the detection rack is annularly arranged in the middle of the counter-force frame, and the counter-force frame supports the detection rack in the circumferential direction; the loading assembly comprises a movable support, a force application push rod and a loading plate; the loading plate and the movable support are connected through a force application push rod, the force application push rod is driven to enable the loading plate and the movable support to be close to or away from each other, the movable support can be movably arranged on the radial inner wall of the detection rack in a limited mode, and after the movable support is limited on the detection rack, the loading plate is close to the center of the detection rack; the number of the loading assemblies is multiple, and the multiple loading assemblies are arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the detection rack. The universality of the experimental device can be improved, and the test cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel lining performance testing, and in particular to an indoor test device and method for simulating the mechanical properties of a tunnel lining structure. Background Art

[0002] In order to adapt to the rapid development of transportation, the requirements for tunnel construction have been raised to a new level. Tunnels, as an important part of transportation facilities, have also been rapidly developed. The existing mechanical test devices for tunnel lining structure models are mostly customized according to the scaled models of actual projects; their scope of application is relatively limited and their economic efficiency is low.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a test device and method for indoor simulation of the mechanical properties of tunnel lining structures are needed, which can improve the versatility of the experimental device and reduce the test cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an indoor test device and method for simulating the mechanical properties of tunnel lining structures, which can improve the versatility of the experimental device and reduce the test cost.

[0005] The indoor test device for simulating the mechanical properties of a tunnel lining structure of the present invention comprises a reaction frame, a detection stand and a loading assembly;

[0006] The reaction frame is a rectangular frame structure, and the detection platform is arranged in a ring shape in the middle of the reaction frame. The ring shape means a cylindrical structure in three dimensions. The reaction frame forms a circumferential support for the detection platform. On the one hand, the structural strength can be guaranteed, and on the other hand, a ring-shaped inner wall similar to the tunnel lining structure is formed, which can quickly adapt to tunnel linings of different sizes.

[0007] The loading assembly includes a movable support, a force-applying push rod and a loading plate;

[0008] The loading plate and the movable support are connected by a force push rod, and the force push rod is driven to make the loading plate and the movable support close to or away from each other, so as to adapt to tunnel linings of different radial sizes, effectively form support for the pre-test tunnel lining, simulate surrounding rock pressure, obtain more accurate test data, and provide technical support for guiding the study of tunnel lining structure stress;

[0009] The movable support can be limitedly arranged on the radial inner wall of the detection bench. After the movable support is limited on the detection bench, the loading plate is close to the center of the detection bench; the movable support can be driven to slide around the inner wall of the detection bench on the radial inner wall of the detection bench, and can be limited on the detection bench at any point, so that the device can adapt to tunnel linings of different external sizes and has stronger versatility. It should be understood that the radial inner wall of the detection bench has a slide rail to guide the movable support;

[0010] Moreover, the loading components described in this scheme are divided into several groups, and the several groups of loading components are arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the detection bench to further improve the detection point. In this scheme, the position adjustment of the movable support angle and the extension and retraction of the loading plate are precisely controlled by the computer according to the size of the experimental model, thereby improving the data accuracy, improving the degree of force simulation restoration, and improving the accuracy of the results.

[0011] Furthermore, the test bench includes a fixed frame supported by the reaction frame and a support frame movably connected to the fixed frame, the movable connection in this solution is a pull-out sliding connection, the support frame is located at the bottom of the test bench, and the support frame is driven to shift forward or backward in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal direction is the length direction of the tunnel lining; through the setting of the support frame, it is helpful to adjust the longitudinal force position of the experimental model during the test, and the tunnel lining can be more conveniently and easily adjusted on the test bench, and the assembly efficiency and detection efficiency of the tunnel lining can be effectively improved.

[0012] Furthermore, the reaction frame has a longitudinal beam whose longitudinal length can be controlled to adjust; in this solution, the longitudinal beams of the reaction frame parallel to the length direction of the tunnel lining can be controlled to extend and retract to adapt to tunnel linings of different lengths, and the detection stand located in the reaction frame can also adaptively adjust its position in the longitudinal direction, so that the overall structure is more stable and the detection result is more accurate.

[0013] Furthermore, the reaction frame has a telescopic base with a controlled adjustable height so that it can be stably fixed at a specified position, which is more beneficial to the inspection result of the tunnel lining.

[0014] Furthermore, a walking mechanism is provided at the bottom of the reaction frame. The walking mechanism of this solution is any walking wheel with a self-locking function in the prior art, so as to facilitate moving the entire device to a specified position and make detection more convenient.

[0015] Furthermore, the force push rod is a jack, the base of the jack is fixed to the movable support, and the top rod of the jack is fixed to the loading plate. In this solution, the jack is any electric-controlled hydraulic jack in the prior art, which is connected to the loading system of the computer, outputs a load of a set size according to the control instruction, and can be controlled and adjusted in real time, which is more convenient for data collection and processing.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a pressure detection element for detecting the force data of the loading plate; it also includes a displacement detection element for detecting the displacement data of the loading plate; the pressure detection element in this solution is any pressure sensor in the prior art, which is electrically connected to a computer to collect pressure data for computer processing, and the displacement detection element in this solution is any displacement sensor in the prior art, which is electrically connected to a computer to collect pressure data for computer processing, and can simulate the stress test of the tunnel lining under surrounding rock pressure indoors, and can monitor the applied pressure of each loading component and the deformation displacement of the lining structure after being stressed in real time; the stress characteristics and failure forms of the tunnel lining structure are tracked, analyzed and studied throughout the process, providing technical support for guiding the stress research of the tunnel lining structure.

[0017] The present invention also discloses a test method based on the test device for simulating the mechanical properties of the indoor tunnel lining structure, comprising the following test steps:

[0018] S1. Obtain a scaled model of the actual tunnel lining structure;

[0019] S2. Adjust the longitudinal length of the reaction frame according to the size of the scaled model;

[0020] S3. Adjust the support frame to extend the reaction frame, and set the scale model on the adjustment support frame;

[0021] S4. Adjust the loading assembly on the support frame so that the scaled model and the actual tunnel lining structure are located at approximately the same position;

[0022] S5. Reset the support frame;

[0023] S6. Adjust the loading assembly on the fixed frame so that the scaled model is limited on the reaction frame;

[0024] S7. Check whether the reaction frame is set stably. If yes, continue. If not, adjust the telescopic base to make the reaction frame set stably.

[0025] S8. Adjust the loading component at the set position to apply pressure to the preset position of the scaled model; obtain the pressure data and displacement data of the preset position of the scaled model.

[0026] The data collected by the computer can effectively record the displacement changes and stress changes during the test process; the computer control system can also effectively control the pressure output of each loading component according to the experimental requirements, and can accurately simulate the actual stress conditions of the tunnel lining structure in the surrounding rock;

[0027] This device is more versatile and is suitable for structural types with different lining cross-sections. By moving and adjusting the movable support of the loading component on the circular frame groove, the pressure of the jack can act radially on different lining structure models. The extension and retraction of the jack can also make models of lining structures of different scales. It is also suitable for tunnel models of different lengths. The longitudinal beam of the reaction frame can be longitudinally extended and retracted, the loading component can be longitudinally displaced, and the lower support frame can be longitudinally moved, which can adapt to tunnel models of different lengths.

[0028] The various components of the device can be disassembled and maintained according to the actual test needs. The device is arranged vertically, which occupies a small area and can effectively save the laboratory area. Rollers are installed at the bottom for easy movement and transportation.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention discloses an indoor test device and method for simulating the mechanical properties of tunnel lining structures, and the data collected by the computer can effectively record the displacement changes and stress changes during the test process; the computer control system can also effectively control the pressure output of each loading component according to the experimental requirements, and can accurately simulate the actual stress conditions of the tunnel lining structure in the surrounding rock; the present device has stronger versatility and is suitable for structural types with different lining cross sections. The movable support of the loading component can be adjusted on the circular frame groove to enable the pressure of the jack to act radially on different lining structure models. The extension and contraction of the jack can also enable it to make models of different scaled sizes of the lining structure. It is also suitable for tunnel models of different lengths, the longitudinal beam of the reaction frame can be longitudinally extended, the loading component can be longitudinally displaced, and the lower support frame can be longitudinally moved, which can adapt to tunnel models of different lengths; the various components of the device can be disassembled and maintained according to actual test needs; the device adopts a vertical arrangement, and its footprint is small, which can effectively save the laboratory laboratory use area; rollers are installed at the bottom for easy movement and transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the loading component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal beam structure of the reaction frame of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the indoor test device for simulating the mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure in this embodiment includes a reaction frame 1, a detection stand and a loading assembly;

[0037] The reaction frame 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped frame structure, and the detection stand is arranged in a ring shape in the middle of the reaction frame 1. The ring shape means a cylindrical structure in three dimensions. The reaction frame 1 forms a circumferential support for the detection stand. On the one hand, the structural strength can be guaranteed, and on the other hand, a ring-shaped inner wall similar to the tunnel lining structure is formed, which can quickly adapt to tunnel linings of different sizes.

[0038] The loading assembly includes a movable support 4, a force-applying push rod 5 and a loading plate 6;

[0039] The loading plate 6 and the movable support 4 are connected by a force push rod 5, and the force push rod 5 is driven to make the loading plate 6 and the movable support 4 approach or move away, so as to adapt to tunnel linings of different radial sizes, effectively form support for the pre-test tunnel lining, simulate surrounding rock pressure, and obtain more accurate test data, providing technical support for guiding the study of tunnel lining structure stress;

[0040] The movable support 4 can be limitedly arranged on the radial inner wall of the detection bench. After the movable support 4 is limited on the detection bench, the loading plate 6 is close to the center of the detection bench; the movable support 4 can be driven to slide around the inner wall of the detection bench on the radial inner wall of the detection bench, and can be limited on the detection bench at any point, so that the device can adapt to tunnel linings of different external sizes and has stronger versatility. It should be understood that the radial inner wall of the detection bench has a slide rail to guide the movable support 4;

[0041] Moreover, the loading components described in this scheme are divided into several groups, and the several groups of loading components are arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the detection bench to further improve the detection point. In this scheme, the position adjustment of the movable support angle and the extension and retraction of the loading plate are precisely controlled by the computer according to the size of the experimental model, thereby improving the data accuracy, improving the degree of force simulation restoration, and improving the accuracy of the results.

[0042] In this embodiment, the test bench includes a fixed frame 2 supported by a reaction frame 1 and a support frame 3 movably connected to the fixed frame 2. The movable connection in this solution is a pull-out sliding connection. The support frame 3 is located at the bottom of the test bench. The support frame 3 is driven to shift forward or backward in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal direction is the length direction of the tunnel lining. By setting up the support frame 3, it is helpful to adjust the longitudinal force position of the experimental model during the test, so that the tunnel lining can be more conveniently and easily adjusted on the test bench, and the assembly efficiency and detection efficiency of the tunnel lining can be effectively improved.

[0043] In this embodiment, the reaction frame 1 has a longitudinal beam whose longitudinal length is controlled to be adjusted; in this solution, the longitudinal beams of the reaction frame 1 parallel to the length direction of the tunnel lining can be controlled to be extended and retracted to adapt to tunnel linings of different lengths. More specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the present scheme uses any electric-driven telescopic rod with telescopic ends in the middle drive of the prior art as the longitudinal beam, and adjusts the total length of the reaction frame by matching the tunnel lining through a computer control system, wherein the detection stand located in the reaction frame 1 can also be adjusted adaptively in the longitudinal adjustment position. After using the above-mentioned middle longitudinal beam as the main output, the detection stand of the present scheme also uses any electric-driven displacement support frame 3 in the prior art to drive the overall longitudinal displacement, and matches the setting position through a computer control system, which will not be repeated here, so that the overall structure is more stable and the detection result is more accurate.

[0044] In this embodiment, the reaction frame 1 has a telescopic base 7 with a controlled adjustable height so that it can be stably fixed at a specified position, which is more beneficial to the detection result of the tunnel lining.

[0045] In this embodiment, a walking mechanism 8 is provided at the bottom of the reaction frame 1. The walking mechanism 8 of this solution is any walking wheel with a self-locking function in the prior art, so as to facilitate moving the entire device to a specified position and make detection more convenient.

[0046] In this embodiment, the force push rod 5 is a jack, the base of the jack is fixed to the movable support 4, and the top rod of the jack is fixed to the loading plate 6. The jack in this solution is any electric-controlled hydraulic jack in the prior art, which is connected to the loading system of the computer, outputs a load of a set size according to the control instruction, can be controlled and adjusted in real time, and is more convenient for data collection and processing.

[0047] In this embodiment, it also includes a pressure detection element for detecting the force data of the loading plate 6; it also includes a displacement detection element for detecting the displacement data of the loading plate 6; the pressure detection element in this solution is any pressure sensor in the prior art, which is electrically connected to a computer to collect pressure data for computer processing, and the displacement detection element in this solution is any displacement sensor in the prior art, which is electrically connected to a computer to collect pressure data for computer processing. It can simulate the stress test of the tunnel lining under surrounding rock pressure indoors, and can monitor the applied pressure of each loading component and the deformation displacement of the lining structure after being stressed in real time; the stress characteristics and failure forms of the tunnel lining structure are tracked, analyzed and studied throughout the process, providing technical support for guiding the stress research of the tunnel lining structure.

[0048] The computer of this scheme is existing technology and has a control system and an information collection and processing system. The built-in computing program can process the collected information and feedback preset results to achieve the established experimental purpose of this scheme, which will not be repeated here.

[0049] The present invention also discloses a test method based on the test device for simulating the mechanical properties of the indoor tunnel lining structure, comprising the following test steps:

[0050] S1. Obtain a scaled model of the actual tunnel lining structure;

[0051] S2. Adjust the longitudinal length of the reaction frame 1 according to the size of the scaled model;

[0052] S3. Adjust the support frame 3 to extend the reaction frame 1, and set the scale model on the adjustment support frame 3;

[0053] In this step, the detection stand is adaptively pre-shifted to the front end of the reaction frame 1 according to the distance of the stroke, and then the support frame is driven to extend out of the reaction frame, which can better take into account the reliability of the overall structure.

[0054] S4. Adjust the loading assembly located on the support frame 3 so that the scaled model is located approximately the same as the actual tunnel lining structure;

[0055] S5. Reset the support frame 3;

[0056] S6. Adjust the loading assembly located on the fixing frame 2 so that the scaled model is limited on the reaction frame 1; the adjustment step includes adjusting the position of the loading assembly;

[0057] S7. Check whether the reaction frame 1 is set stably. If so, continue. If not, adjust the telescopic base 7 to make the reaction frame 1 stable.

[0058] S8. Adjust the loading component at the set position to apply pressure to the preset position of the scaled model; obtain the pressure data and displacement data of the preset position of the scaled model.

[0059] The data collected by the computer can effectively record the displacement changes and stress changes during the test process; the computer control system can also effectively control the pressure output of each loading component according to the experimental requirements, and can accurately simulate the actual stress conditions of the tunnel lining structure in the surrounding rock;

[0060] The device is more versatile and is suitable for structural types with different lining cross-sections. By moving and adjusting the movable support 4 of the loading assembly on the circular frame groove, the pressure of the jack can act radially on different lining structure models. The extension and retraction of the jack can also make models of lining structures of different scales. It is also suitable for tunnel models of different lengths. The longitudinal beam of the reaction frame 1 can be longitudinally extended and retracted, the loading assembly can be longitudinally displaced, and the lower support frame 3 can be longitudinally moved, which can adapt to tunnel models of different lengths.

[0061] The various components of the device can be disassembled and maintained according to the actual test needs. The device is arranged vertically, which occupies a small area and can effectively save the laboratory area. Rollers are installed at the bottom for easy movement and transportation.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indoor test device for simulating the mechanical properties of tunnel lining structures, characterized in that: It includes reaction frame, test bench and loading assembly; The detection stand is arranged in a ring shape in the middle of the reaction frame, and the reaction frame forms a circumferential support for the detection stand; The loading assembly includes a movable support, a force-applying push rod and a loading plate; The loading plate and the movable support are connected by a force-applying push rod, and the force-applying push rod is driven to make the loading plate and the movable support approach or move away from each other. The movable support can be movably arranged on the radial inner wall of the detection bench in a limited position. After the movable support is limited on the detection bench, the loading plate is close to the center of the detection bench; The loading components are divided into several groups, and the several groups of loading components are arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the detection bench.

2. The test device for indoor simulation of mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The detection bench comprises a fixed frame supported by a reaction frame and a support frame movably connected to the fixed frame. The support frame is located at the bottom of the detection bench and is driven to shift forward or backward in the longitudinal direction.

3. The test device for indoor simulation of mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The reaction frame has a longitudinal beam whose longitudinal length is controlled and adjusted.

4. The test device for indoor simulation of mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The reaction frame has a telescopic base whose height can be controlled and adjusted.

5. The test device for indoor simulation of mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A walking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the reaction frame.

6. The test device for indoor simulation of mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The force-applying push rod is a jack, the base of the jack is fixed to a movable support, and the top rod of the jack is fixed to a loading plate.

7. The test device for indoor simulation of mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a pressure detection element for detecting the force data of the loading plate.

8. The test device for indoor simulation of mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A displacement detection element for detecting displacement data of the loading plate is also included.

9. A test method based on the test device for indoor simulated tunnel lining structure mechanical properties according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The test steps include: S1. Obtain a scaled model of the actual tunnel lining structure; S2. Adjust the longitudinal length of the reaction frame according to the size of the scaled model; S3. Adjust the support frame to extend the reaction frame, and set the scale model on the adjustment support frame; S4. Adjust the loading assembly on the support frame so that the scaled model and the actual tunnel lining structure are located at approximately the same position; S5. Reset the support frame; S6. Adjust the loading assembly on the fixed frame so that the scaled model is limited on the reaction frame; S7. Check whether the reaction frame is set stably. If yes, continue. If not, adjust the telescopic base to make the reaction frame set stably. S8. Adjust the loading component at the set position to apply pressure to the preset position of the scaled model; obtain the pressure data and displacement data of the preset position of the scaled model.

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