Portable excitation system comprehensive test device

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable excitation system comprehensive test device, which comprises a shell, and an analog quantity and switching value acquisition unit, a control unit, man-machine interaction equipment, a three-phase alternating current voltage source, a three-phase alternating current source and a power supply unit which are respectively arranged in the shell, the input end of the analog quantity and switching value acquisition unit is connected with a tested excitation system so as to acquire the generator terminal voltage of a generator or a phase modifier in the tested excitation system, the stator current of the generator or the phase modifier, the rotor voltage, and the analog signal and the switching value signal of the rotor current. The output end of the analog quantity and switching value acquisition unit is connected with the control unit, and the control unit is connected with the man-machine interaction device. The invention aims to provide a miniaturized integrated design scheme of the excitation system comprehensive test device, most of excitation system tests can be completed by only one device and a small amount of wiring, and the workload and the use difficulty of field staff are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of excitation system testing of large generators or phase regulators, and in particular to a portable comprehensive testing device for an excitation system. Background Art

[0002] The excitation system plays a vital role in the stability and safety of the generator or phase regulator. The excitation system is powered on for a long time, and the reliability of its regulating cabinet, rectifier cabinet, demagnetization switch cabinet and other equipment is crucial. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct regular inspections of the excitation system and preventive tests of the excitation system for units with equipment maintenance plans. The maintenance tests of the excitation device mainly include static tests, small current tests and power-on and grid-connected tests. At present, the test instruments used in the maintenance and commissioning process mainly include voltage regulators, relay protection testers, small current testers, wave recording testers, etc. There are many test instruments, various operations, and complicated wiring. It is difficult for on-site staff to use them, which is not convenient for on-site application. In addition, there are many instruments to purchase, the purchase cost is expensive, and the workload of later maintenance and inspection is also large. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical problem to be solved by the present invention: In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, a portable comprehensive test device for an excitation system is provided. The present invention aims to provide a miniaturized integrated design scheme for a comprehensive test device for an excitation system. Only one device and a small amount of wiring are required to complete most excitation system tests, thereby reducing the workload and difficulty of use of on-site staff.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A portable excitation system comprehensive test device comprises a shell and an analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit, a control unit, a human-computer interaction device, a three-phase AC voltage source, a three-phase AC current source and a power supply unit respectively installed in the shell, wherein the input end of the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit is respectively connected to the tested excitation system for collecting the terminal voltage of the generator or phase regulator, the stator current of the generator or phase regulator, the rotor voltage, and the analog signal and switch quantity signal of the rotor current in the tested excitation system, the output end of the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit is connected to the control unit, the control unit is connected to the human-computer interaction device, the control unit is respectively connected to the control end of the three-phase AC voltage source and the three-phase AC current source for controlling the output voltage value of the three-phase AC voltage source, the output current value and the output current phase of the three-phase AC current source, and the output end of the power supply unit is respectively connected to the power supply terminals of the control unit, the human-computer interaction device, the three-phase AC voltage source, and the three-phase AC current source.

[0005] Optionally, an independent DC adjustable power supply is installed in the shell and is used to simulate the rotor voltage and rotor current signals for transmitter inspection testing. The DC adjustable power supply has a voltage adjustment knob and a voltage display digital tube. The voltage adjustment range of the DC adjustable power supply is between 0 and 300V for verifying the DC relay and switch signal of the excitation system. The voltage adjustment knob and the voltage display digital tube are installed on the outer wall of the shell, and the power terminal of the DC adjustable power supply is connected to the output end of the power supply unit.

[0006] Optionally, a dummy load resistor is installed in the housing for simulating the rotor of a generator or phase-converter in an excitation system to perform an open-loop small current test. The resistance of the dummy load resistor is 100 ohms and the power is 300 W.

[0007] Optionally, a vent is provided on the outer wall of the shell, a ventilation and cooling fan is installed inside the shell at the inner side of the vent, and a power terminal of the cooling fan is connected to the output end of the power supply unit.

[0008] Optionally, the control unit is an embedded industrial computer, and the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit is connected to the embedded industrial computer.

[0009] Optionally, the human-computer interaction device includes a liquid crystal display screen and a keyboard, and the liquid crystal display screen and the keyboard are respectively connected to the control unit.

[0010] The present invention also provides an application method of the portable excitation system comprehensive test device, comprising the following steps: S1, according to the current excitation system test, the parameters to be connected to the portable excitation system comprehensive test device are counted; S2, read the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, check whether the name and code of the bound parameters in the test template match the name and code of the parameters required by the test item, if not, readjust the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, and jump to step S2; otherwise, jump to step S3; S3, reading the parameter configuration file required for the current excitation system test according to the unit name of the unit under test, parsing the attribute values ​​of all parameters from the parameter configuration file required for the current excitation system test, and filling the attribute values ​​of the parsed parameters into the attribute values ​​of the test template binding parameters; S4, performing the current excitation system test based on the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test.

[0011] Optionally, after performing the current excitation system test based on the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test in step S4, the step also includes calculating the output index based on the analog quantity and switch quantity acquired by the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit according to the output index given in the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, wherein the output index includes part or all of the overshoot, zero-state response time constant, demagnetization time constant, integral, arithmetic mean, ripple factor, rise time, adjustment time, number of oscillations, damping ratio, excitation system response ratio and 95% response time of the specified electrical signal, and the specified electrical signal is voltage, current or power.

[0012] Optionally, the overshoot refers to the overshoot of voltage, and the calculation function expression of the overshoot of voltage is: , In the above formula, is the overshoot, is the maximum value of voltage, is the voltage change, is the steady-state value of the voltage, is the initial voltage; The calculation of the zero-state response time constant includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the steady-state value of the voltage reached 0.632 times the voltage : , Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the voltage from the voltage Moment Get the zero-state response time constant; The calculation of the demagnetization time constant includes: according to the initial voltage during the demagnetization process Calculate the voltage reached initially 0.632 times the voltage : , Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the voltage from the voltage Moment Get the demagnetization time constant; The integral calculation includes: changing the voltage away from the initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment Integrate the voltage between to get the voltage away from the initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment , the area between the voltage curve and the x-axis is taken as the integral; The arithmetic mean is the arithmetic mean of the sequence of the specified electrical signal between two given cursors; The calculation function expression of the ripple coefficient is: , In the above formula, is the ripple factor, The initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The voltage ripple peak value between The initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The voltage ripple valley between The initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The average voltage between The calculation of the rise time includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the steady-state value of the voltage reached 0.1 times the voltage and 0.9 times the voltage : , , Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment And reach the voltage Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the voltage to reach the voltage Moment Get the rise time; The calculation of the adjustment time includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the voltage change : , Then find the voltage-time curve that satisfies The maximum voltage , and then the voltage reaches the maximum value of the voltage Moment Subtract the initial voltage Moment Get adjustment time; The calculation of the number of oscillations includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the voltage change , and then find the voltage-time curve that satisfies The maximum value of the voltage ripple peak , find the maximum value of the voltage Moment , the voltage reaches the maximum value of the voltage Moment , initial voltage Moment The number of voltage fluctuations is taken as the number of oscillations; The damping ratio refers to the damping ratio of power, and the calculation function expression of the damping ratio of power is: , In the above formula, is the damping ratio of power, , , and They are the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th peak points after active power disturbance when performing step tests on active power and frequency; The calculation of the excitation system response ratio includes: for the time variation curve of the excitation voltage from the starting rising point Ufn to the reaching of the specified rising amount, record the starting rising point Ufn Take point a as point, draw a straight line on the vertical time axis at 0.5 seconds and intersect the excitation voltage at point b, and take point c on the straight line on the vertical time axis, so that the line segment ac between point a and point c intersects the curve of the excitation voltage and forms two closed areas with equal upper and lower areas with the curve of the excitation voltage, and point a is projected at point d on the straight line on the vertical time axis, and the excitation system response ratio is calculated based on the line segment distance between point c and projection point d on the straight line on the vertical time axis: ,in, is the excitation system response ratio, is the line segment distance between point c and projection point d, is the excitation voltage at the starting point of rising; The calculation of the 95% response time includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the steady-state value of the voltage reached 0.95 times the voltage : , Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the initial voltage Moment Get 95% response time.

[0013] Optionally, after calculating the output indicators based on the analog quantities and switch quantities acquired by the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit according to the output indicators given in the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, the method further includes normalizing the calculated output indicators and inputting them into the machine learning model corresponding to the current excitation system test to obtain the performance score of the current excitation system test or the prediction result of whether it passes. The machine learning model is pre-trained to establish a mapping relationship between the normalized output indicators and the performance score of the current excitation system test or the prediction result of whether it passes.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly has the following advantages: the portable excitation system comprehensive test device of the present invention adopts a miniaturized integrated design scheme, integrating a three-phase AC voltage source, a three-phase AC current source, a DC adjustable power supply, a dummy load resistor, an analog quantity and a switch quantity acquisition unit, and a control unit into one device, so that real-time parameters, waveforms, vector diagrams, harmonics, etc. can be conveniently viewed through control, analysis, and recording of embedded software, and a test template can be selected according to the electrical test for testing. It is equipped with a liquid crystal display and a full keyboard input device, and the operation is simple and intuitive. Only one device and a small amount of wiring are required to complete most excitation system tests, which greatly reduces the workload and difficulty of use of on-site staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device in the open state according to an embodiment of the present invention (the keyboard is not drawn).

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the device in the folded state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the electrical structure of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a test wiring diagram of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the voltage overshoot under the voltage increasing trend in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the voltage overshoot under the voltage reduction trend in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the zero-state response time constant in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the demagnetization time constant in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the integral in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the ripple coefficient in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the rise time in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the adjustment time in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the number of oscillations in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the damping ratio in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the excitation system response ratio in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle of 95% response time in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Legend: 1. Casing; 11. Ventilation opening; 12. Cooling fan; 2. Analog and switch quantity acquisition unit; 3. Control unit; 4. Human-computer interaction device; 41. LCD display; 42. Keyboard; 5. Three-phase AC voltage source; 6. Three-phase AC current source; 7. Power supply unit; 8. DC adjustable power supply; 9. Dummy load resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the portable excitation system comprehensive test device of this embodiment includes a housing 1 and an analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit 2, a control unit 3, a human-computer interaction device 4, a three-phase AC voltage source 5, a three-phase AC current source 6 and a power supply unit 7 respectively installed in the housing 1. The input ends of the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit 2 are respectively connected to the tested excitation system for collecting the terminal voltage of the generator or phase regulator, the stator current of the generator or phase regulator, the rotor voltage, and the analog signal and switch quantity signal of the rotor current in the tested excitation system. The output end of the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit 2 is connected to the control unit 3, the control unit 3 is connected to the human-computer interaction device 4, and the control unit 3 is respectively connected to the control ends of the three-phase AC voltage source 5 and the three-phase AC current source 6 for controlling the output voltage value of the three-phase AC voltage source 5, the output current value and the output current phase of the three-phase AC current source 6. The output end of the power supply unit 7 is respectively connected to the power supply terminals of the control unit 3, the human-computer interaction device 4, the three-phase AC voltage source 5, and the three-phase AC current source 6 (omitted in the figure).

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the housing 1 of this embodiment is a box-type structure with good portability. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a vent 11 is provided on the outer wall of the housing 1 of this embodiment, and a ventilation and cooling fan 12 is installed inside the housing 1 at the inner side of the vent 11, and the power terminal of the cooling fan 12 is connected to the output end of the power supply unit 7. The ventilation and cooling unit composed of the vent 11 and the ventilation and cooling fan 12 uses a large air volume dual fan and a forced air cooling method to dissipate heat for the test device, so that the test device works in a safe temperature range to avoid damage to the device due to heat accumulation.

[0036] In this embodiment, the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit 2 adopts an integrated analog quantity acquisition module, whose input end respectively acquires the analog signals and switch quantity signals of the generator or phase modulator terminal voltage, the generator or phase modulator stator current, the rotor voltage, and the rotor current in the excitation system, and converts the collected signals into digital signals; its output end can be connected to the input end of the control unit 3 via a PCI bus or a PCIe bus.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the control unit 3 of this embodiment is an embedded industrial computer, and the analog and switch quantity acquisition unit 2 is connected to the embedded industrial computer. The embedded industrial computer adopts a CPU high-speed data processing core, which can process and calculate the transmitted digital signals. The embedded software runs on the industrial computer to display, analyze and store the transmitted measured data.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the human-computer interaction device 4 of this embodiment includes a liquid crystal display screen 41 and a keyboard 42. The liquid crystal display screen 41 and the keyboard 42 are respectively connected to the control unit 3 and can be used for human-computer interaction and operation display.

[0039] In this embodiment, the input end of the three-phase AC voltage source 5 is connected to the output end of the control unit 3, and its output voltage value can be adjusted through embedded software.

[0040] In this embodiment, the input end of the three-phase AC current source 6 is connected to the output end of the control unit 3, and the output current value and phase thereof can be adjusted through the embedded software.

[0041] In this embodiment, the power supply unit 7 is two DC24V switching power supplies, two DC220V switching power supplies, one DC300V switching power supply and four power supply boards, which provide power for the entire device, and its input voltage is AC220V.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the housing 1 of this embodiment is also equipped with an independent DC adjustable power supply 8 for simulating rotor voltage and rotor current signals for transmitter inspection test. The DC adjustable power supply 8 has a voltage adjustment knob and a voltage display digital tube. The voltage adjustment range of the DC adjustable power supply 8 is between 0 and 300V for verifying the DC relay and switch quantity signal of the excitation system. The voltage adjustment knob and the voltage display digital tube are installed on the outer wall of the housing 1. The power terminal of the DC adjustable power supply 8 is connected to the output end of the power supply unit 7. The DC adjustable power supply 8 is an independent unit. The voltage value can be adjusted by a manual knob and displayed by a three-digit digital tube. The adjustment range is between DC0 and 300V, which is used to verify the DC relay and switch quantity signal.

[0043] like Figure 4As shown, the housing 1 of this embodiment is also equipped with a dummy load resistor 9 for simulating the generator or phase-converter rotor in the excitation system for an open-loop small current test. The dummy load resistor 9 has a resistance of 100 ohms and a power of 300 W. The dummy load resistor 9 is an independent unit with a resistance of 100 ohms and a power of 300 W, and is used to simulate the generator or phase-converter rotor in the excitation small current test.

[0044] The working principle of the portable excitation system comprehensive test device of this embodiment is as follows: analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit 3, control unit 3 and human-computer interaction device 4, three-phase AC voltage source 5, three-phase AC current source 6, and data transmission between each unit is carried out through PCI or other communication methods. The analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit 2, whose input end respectively collects the analog signals and switch quantity signals of the terminal voltage of the generator or phase regulator in the excitation system, the stator current of the generator or phase regulator, the rotor voltage, and the rotor current of the generator or phase regulator, and its output end is connected to the input end of the embedded industrial computer (control unit 3), and the embedded industrial computer and embedded software process the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition data, and display, analyze and store the transmitted measured data through the embedded software, and the LCD screen and full keyboard input device display real-time parameters, waveforms, vector diagrams, harmonics, and control the voltage value, current value, and phase of the three-phase AC voltage source and current source output. By selecting the corresponding test template and parameter setting, various electrical tests of the excitation system of the generator or phase regulator are finally completed. The dummy load resistor 8 is used for the small current test of excitation. The DC adjustable power supply 7 is an independent unit. The voltage value can be adjusted by a manual knob and displayed by a three-digit digital tube. The adjustment range is between DC0 and 300V, which is used to verify the DC relay and the switch signal. In summary, the portable excitation system comprehensive test device of this embodiment adopts a miniaturized integrated design scheme, has powerful control, analysis, and recording embedded software, can easily view real-time parameters, waveforms, vector diagrams, harmonics, etc., select test templates according to electrical tests, with LCD display and full keyboard input equipment, simple and intuitive operation, only one device and a small amount of wiring are needed to complete most of the excitation system tests, greatly reducing the workload and difficulty of use. It solves the problems that the existing test equipment has a single function, can only do one or several tests, has diverse operations and complicated wiring, and the test functions are relatively complete but also because the volume is too large and bulky, the software control, analysis, and recording functions are incomplete, and the use is difficult and inconvenient for field application.

[0045] The portable excitation system comprehensive test device of this embodiment can be used for various test tasks of the excitation system, including various generator characteristic test items, and various tests of the excitation regulator, such as wave recording test, step test, demagnetization test, zero-start voltage rise test, excitation system small current test, etc. In order to simplify the use of the portable excitation system comprehensive test device of this embodiment, this embodiment also provides an application method of the aforementioned portable excitation system comprehensive test device, including the following steps: S1, according to the current excitation system test, the parameters to be connected to the portable excitation system comprehensive test device are counted; S2, read the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, check whether the name and code of the bound parameters in the test template match the name and code of the parameters required by the test item, if not, readjust the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, and jump to step S2; otherwise, jump to step S3; S3, read the parameter configuration file required for the current excitation system test according to the unit name of the unit under test, parse out the attribute values ​​of all parameters (such as name, code, rated value, transformation ratio, etc., which can be expanded or changed as needed) from the parameter configuration file required for the current excitation system test, and fill the attribute values ​​of the parsed parameters into the attribute values ​​of the parameters bound to the test template; for example, in this embodiment, the unit name of the unit under test "** plant (station) ** unit" is used to read the parameter configuration file required for the current excitation system test, such as the parameter configuration file named "** plant (station) ** unit-zero-start voltage rise test" represents the parameter configuration file of the zero-start voltage rise test of "** plant (station) ** unit"; the parameter configuration of a unit can be saved as a parameter file ("Save as..." button) for later loading ("Load..." button) use; S4, based on the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, the current excitation system test is carried out, including a variety of generator characteristic test items, and various tests of the excitation regulator, such as wave recording test, step test, demagnetization test, zero-start voltage rise test, excitation system small current test, etc.

[0046] When conducting waveform recording tests, a variable sampling frequency is used. The sampling frequency can be selected according to the signal characteristics and test requirements. The optional sampling frequencies are 10kHz, 20 kHz, 50kHz, and 100kHz. Selecting a suitable sampling frequency can improve the waveform quality and data volume. Two software filters are provided: mean smoothing filter (AS) and digital low-pass filter (LP). Mean smoothing filter (AS): It is a smoothing window, taking the average value within the window. The right boundary of the window takes the current point, and the left boundary is the length of the set window. The current point is the average value calculated within the entire window, which is used as a moving smooth average filter. According to the different window times of the mean smoothing filter, it can be divided into long windows and short windows. The long window can only be in units of integer power frequency cycles (C represents power frequency cycles), with a maximum of 50 cycles. The window time of the short window can be less than the cycle, that is, 20ms. If the short window is selected with the cycle as the window width unit, the smoothing window width can be selected from "1 / 8C", "1 / 6C", "1 / 4C", "1 / 2C", "1C", "2C" "3C", "4C", etc., with a maximum of "50C"; if the short window is selected with time as the window width unit, the smoothing window width can be from 0.1ms to 50ms. Digital low-pass filter (LP): The software implements a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter through an algorithm. The cutoff frequency of the filter is divided into 7 levels. According to the change of the sampling frequency, the cutoff frequency changes accordingly. The highest cutoff frequency is 1 / 10 of the sampling frequency. The above two filters can select frequency, suppress interference, and improve signal waveforms.

[0047] When conducting a low current test on the excitation system, the wiring should be as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the test steps include: 1. Connect the output terminal U of the three-phase AC voltage source 5 A , U B , U C Connect the test line to the lower break points A, B, and C of the AC maintenance switch of the power cabinet respectively. If the power cabinet does not have an AC maintenance switch, it is recommended to remove the cable between the power cabinet and the excitation transformer to prevent the excitation transformer from being energized after the equipment outputs voltage. A , U B , U CConnect the voltage transformer PT sampling terminals A, B, and C of the generator of the excitation regulator channel A or channel B through the test line, and disconnect the external voltage transformer PT to prevent the generator PT from being energized after the equipment outputs voltage. This step is applicable to generator end synchronization. If it is anode synchronization, this step can be skipped. 3.Ud+ and Ud- are connected to the positive and negative poles of the upper break of the DC maintenance switch of the power cabinet through the test line. If the power cabinet does not have a DC maintenance switch, it is recommended to remove the cable between the demagnetization cabinet and the rotor slip ring to prevent the generator rotor from being energized after the excitation equipment outputs voltage. 4.UA and UB are connected in parallel to the AC voltage sampling AC150V channel 1, and Ud+ and Ud- are connected in parallel to the DC voltage sampling DC±2000V channel, and are firmly grounded through the test line. 5. In the test software interface, click "Electrical Test\Waveform Test" and select the small current test template; continue to click "Output Control\Analog Output" to open the three-phase signal source control panel, and set the phase voltage of the three-phase power frequency AC voltage source to 57.7V (line voltage is about 100V); do not close the dialog box during use, otherwise the three-phase source will stop outputting. 6. Select the small current test or constant trigger angle mode option for channel A of the excitation system to perform a small current test. 7. Set the trigger angle of the regulator to 30°, 60°, and 90° respectively, and observe the DC voltage and waveform on the test page. At this time, the calculated trigger angle is equal to or close to the set trigger angle. 8. After the test of power cabinet #1 is completed, the phase voltage of the three-phase power frequency AC voltage source is set to 0V. The waveform and measured value of the AC sampling channel gradually decrease until the effective value shows 0V and remains unchanged. Remove the wiring again and restore it to its original state. 9. Replace another set of power cabinets and verify again according to steps 1-8 of the use and wiring instructions. 10. Replace channel B (the previous one is channel A, and channel A and channel B are two redundant channels), and verify again according to steps 1-9 of the instructions for use and wiring. The main faults of the small current test of the excitation system are thyristor short circuit and non-conduction. Generally, the possible reasons for the non-conduction of thyristors are thyristor damage, pulse trigger loss, and fast fuse damage of series thyristors. Once the thyristor failure of the rectifier cabinet occurs, it will cause the rectifier output waveform to change, the excitation voltage waveform to distort, and affect the stable operation of the generator.

[0048] In this embodiment, after the current excitation system test is performed based on the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test in step S4, the step also includes calculating the output index based on the analog quantity and switch quantity acquired by the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit 2 according to the output index given in the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, wherein the output index includes part or all of the overshoot, zero-state response time constant, demagnetization time constant, integral, arithmetic mean, ripple factor, rise time, adjustment time, number of oscillations, damping ratio, excitation system response ratio and 95% response time of the specified electrical signal, and the specified electrical signal is voltage, current or power.

[0049] The overshoot in this embodiment refers to the overshoot of voltage. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the voltage overshoot under the voltage increase trend (positive step). Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the voltage overshoot under the voltage reduction trend (negative step), where the horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is voltage. The voltage overshoot is (maximum value of the step value - post-steady-state value) / difference between the previous and next steady-state values, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the calculation function expression of voltage overshoot is: , In the above formula, is the overshoot, is the maximum value of voltage, is the voltage change, is the steady-state value of voltage, is the initial voltage.

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the zero-state response time constant is defined as the time for the generator voltage to rise from the starting point of the pre-steady-state change to 0.632 of the change in the post-steady-state value. Its calculation includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the steady-state value of the voltage reached 0.632 times the voltage : , Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the voltage from the voltage Moment Get the zero-state response time constant; like Fig. 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the demagnetization time constant is defined as the time for the generator voltage to drop to 0.368 (a change of 0.632) of the initial value during the demagnetization process. The calculation of the demagnetization time constant includes: Calculate the voltage reached initially 0.632 times the voltage : , Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the voltage from the voltage Moment Get the demagnetization time constant; like Fig.10 As shown, in this embodiment, the integral is the area enclosed by the two cursors, the curve, and the horizontal axis. The integral calculation includes: Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment Integrate the voltage between to get the voltage away from the initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The area between the voltage curve and the x-axis is taken as the integral.

[0051] In this embodiment, the arithmetic mean is the arithmetic mean of the sequence of the specified electrical signal between two given cursors, and the "calculation\arithmetic mean" function can be provided through the curve / waveform analysis interface. The arithmetic mean of the sequence between two cursors.

[0052] In this embodiment, the calculation function expression of the ripple coefficient is: , In the above formula, is the ripple factor, The initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The voltage ripple peak value between The initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The voltage ripple valley between The initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The average voltage between Fig.11 shown.

[0053] Rise time is the time it takes for the controlled quantity to change from 10% to 90% in a step disturbance. Fig.12 As shown, the calculation of the rise time in this embodiment includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the steady-state value of the voltage reached 0.1 times the voltage and 0.9 times the voltage : , , Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment And reach the voltage Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the voltage to reach the voltage Moment Get the rise time; The adjustment time is the time from the start of the step signal to the time when the ratio of the difference between the step signal and the post-steady state and the difference between the pre- and post-steady state values ​​no longer exceeds 5%. Fig.13 As shown, the calculation of the adjustment time in this embodiment includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the voltage change : , Then find the voltage-time curve that satisfies The maximum voltage , and then the voltage reaches the maximum value of the voltage Moment Subtract the initial voltage Moment Get adjustment time; The number of oscillations is the number of fluctuations of the controlled quantity from the time when the controlled quantity first reaches the final steady-state value to the time when the absolute value of the difference between the controlled quantity and the final steady-state value does not exceed 5% of the steady-state change. Fig.14 As shown, the calculation of the number of oscillations in this embodiment includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the voltage change , and then find the voltage-time curve that satisfies The maximum value of the voltage ripple peak , find the maximum value of the voltage Moment , the voltage reaches the maximum value of the voltage Moment , initial voltage Moment The number of voltage fluctuations is taken as the number of oscillations; The power system static stabilizer PSS is a function of the excitation system. It suppresses active oscillations and its main function is to provide additional control signals to the voltage regulator. When testing the power system static stabilizer PSS, a step test is performed on the active power and frequency. The second peak point (P1) after the active power disturbance is taken as t 1 and the fourth peak point (P3) is t 3 The oscillation frequency is calculated from the time difference: 1 / ( When calculating the damping ratio, cursor 1 should be placed between the peak of the first wave (P0) and the peak of the second wave (P 1 ), cursor 2 should be placed on P 4 Afterwards. Fig.15 As shown, in this embodiment, the damping ratio refers to the damping ratio of power, and the calculation function expression of the damping ratio of power is: , In the above formula, is the damping ratio of power, , , and They are the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th peak points after active power disturbance when performing step tests on active power and frequency; like Fig.16 As shown, the calculation of the excitation system response ratio in this embodiment includes: for the excitation voltage From the starting point The time curve of reaching the specified rise amount, record the starting point of the rise Take point a as point, draw a straight line on the vertical time axis at 0.5 seconds and intersect the excitation voltage at point b, and take point c on the straight line on the vertical time axis, so that the line segment ac between point a and point c intersects the curve of the excitation voltage and forms two closed areas with equal upper and lower areas with the curve of the excitation voltage, and point a is projected at point d on the straight line on the vertical time axis, and the excitation system response ratio is calculated based on the line segment distance between point c and projection point d on the straight line on the vertical time axis: ,in, is the excitation system response ratio, is the line segment distance between point c and projection point d, is the excitation voltage at the starting point of rising; The 95% response time is the time difference from the moment the previous steady state begins to change to the moment when the difference between the previous and next steady state values ​​is first reached to 95% of the time. Fig.17 As shown, the calculation of 95% response time in this embodiment includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the steady-state value of the voltage reached 0.95 times the voltage : , Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the initial voltage Moment Get 95% response time.

[0054] In addition, as an optional implementation, this embodiment calculates the output index based on the output index given in the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, based on the analog quantity and switch quantity collected by the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit 2, and also includes normalizing the calculated output index and inputting it into the machine learning model corresponding to the current excitation system test to obtain the performance score of the current excitation system test or the prediction result of whether it passes. The machine learning model is pre-trained to establish a mapping relationship between the normalized output index, the performance score of the current excitation system test, or the prediction result of whether it passes. For example, as an optional implementation, the machine learning model can use a BP neural network model, and the weights between the neuron nodes in the BP neural network model are used to establish a mapping relationship between the normalized output index, the performance score of the current excitation system test, or the prediction result of whether it passes. In this embodiment, whether it passes refers to whether the fault of the small current test of the excitation system passes. The faults of the small current test of the excitation system mainly include thyristor short circuit and non-conduction. Generally, the possible reasons for the non-conduction of the thyristor are mainly thyristor damage, pulse trigger loss, and fast fuse damage of the series thyristor. Once a thyristor failure occurs in the rectifier cabinet, the rectifier output waveform will change and the excitation voltage waveform will be distorted, affecting the stable operation of the generator.

[0055] Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application may be in the form of methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-readable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes. The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific way, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including an instruction device, which implements the functions specified in the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide for implementing the process in the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0056] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable comprehensive test device for excitation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1) and an analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit (2), a control unit (3), a human-machine interaction device (4), a three-phase AC voltage source (5), a three-phase AC current source (6) and a power supply unit (7) respectively installed in the housing (1), wherein the input end of the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit (2) is respectively connected to the tested excitation system for acquiring analog signals and switch quantity signals of the terminal voltage of the generator or phase regulator, the stator current of the generator or phase regulator, the rotor voltage and the rotor current in the tested excitation system, and the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit The output end of (2) is connected to the control unit (3), the control unit (3) is connected to the human-machine interaction device (4), the control unit (3) is respectively connected to the control ends of the three-phase AC voltage source (5) and the three-phase AC current source (6) for controlling the output voltage value of the three-phase AC voltage source (5), the output current value and the output current phase of the three-phase AC current source (6), and the output end of the power supply unit (7) is respectively connected to the power supply terminals of the control unit (3), the human-machine interaction device (4), the three-phase AC voltage source (5), and the three-phase AC current source (6).

2. The portable excitation system comprehensive test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The housing (1) is also provided with an independent DC adjustable power supply (8) for simulating rotor voltage and rotor current signals for transmitter inspection testing. The DC adjustable power supply (8) is provided with a voltage adjustment knob and a voltage display digital tube. The voltage adjustment range of the DC adjustable power supply (8) is between 0 and 300 V for verifying the DC relay and switch quantity signals of the excitation system. The voltage adjustment knob and the voltage display digital tube are mounted on the outer wall of the housing (1). The power supply terminal of the DC adjustable power supply (8) is connected to the output end of the power supply unit (7).

3. The portable excitation system comprehensive test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The housing (1) is also provided with a dummy load resistor (9) for simulating a generator or a phase-shifting machine rotor in an excitation system to perform an open-loop small current test. The dummy load resistor (9) has a resistance of 100 ohms and a power of 300 W.

4. The portable excitation system comprehensive test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A vent (11) is provided on the outer wall of the housing (1), and a ventilation and cooling fan (12) is installed inside the housing (1) on the inner side of the vent (11), wherein the power supply terminal of the cooling fan (12) is connected to the output end of the power supply unit (7).

5. The portable excitation system comprehensive test device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The control unit (3) is an embedded industrial computer, and the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit (2) is connected to the embedded industrial computer.

6. The portable excitation system comprehensive test device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The human-machine interaction device (4) comprises a liquid crystal display screen (41) and a keyboard (42), and the liquid crystal display screen (41) and the keyboard (42) are respectively connected to the control unit (3).

7. An application method of the portable excitation system comprehensive test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, according to the current excitation system test, the parameters to be connected to the portable excitation system comprehensive test device are counted; S2, read the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, check whether the name and code of the bound parameters in the test template match the name and code of the parameters required by the test item, if not, readjust the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, and jump to step S2; otherwise, jump to step S3; S3, reading the parameter configuration file required for the current excitation system test according to the unit name of the unit under test, parsing the attribute values ​​of all parameters from the parameter configuration file required for the current excitation system test, and filling the attribute values ​​of the parsed parameters into the attribute values ​​of the test template binding parameters; S4, performing the current excitation system test based on the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test.

8. The application method of the portable excitation system comprehensive test device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: After the current excitation system test is performed based on the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test in step S4, the method further includes calculating the output index based on the analog quantity and switch quantity acquired by the analog quantity and switch quantity acquisition unit (2) according to the output index given in the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, wherein the output index includes part or all of the overshoot, zero-state response time constant, demagnetization time constant, integral, arithmetic mean, ripple factor, rise time, adjustment time, number of oscillations, damping ratio, excitation system response ratio and 95% response time of the specified electrical signal, and the specified electrical signal is voltage, current or power.

9. The application method of the portable excitation system comprehensive test device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The overshoot refers to the overshoot of voltage, and the calculation function expression of the overshoot of voltage is: ， In the above formula, is the overshoot, is the maximum value of voltage, is the voltage change, is the steady-state value of voltage, is the initial voltage; The calculation of the zero-state response time constant includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the steady-state value of the voltage reached 0.632 times the voltage : ， Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the voltage from the voltage Moment Get the zero-state response time constant; The calculation of the demagnetization time constant includes: according to the initial voltage during the demagnetization process Calculate the voltage reached initially 0.632 times the voltage : ， Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the voltage from the voltage Moment Get the demagnetization time constant; The integral calculation includes: changing the voltage away from the initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment Integrate the voltage between to get the voltage away from the initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment , the area between the voltage curve and the x-axis is taken as the integral; The arithmetic mean is the arithmetic mean of the sequence of the specified electrical signal between two given cursors; The calculation function expression of the ripple coefficient is: ， In the above formula, is the ripple factor, The initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The voltage ripple peak value between The initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The voltage ripple valley between The initial voltage Moment , reaching the steady-state value of voltage Moment The average voltage between The calculation of the rise time includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the steady-state value of the voltage reached 0.1 times the voltage and 0.9 times the voltage : ， ， Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment And reach the voltage Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the voltage to reach the voltage Moment Get the rise time; The calculation of the adjustment time includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the voltage change : ， Then find the voltage-time curve that satisfies The maximum voltage , and then the voltage reaches the maximum value of the voltage Moment Subtract the initial voltage Moment Get adjustment time; The calculation of the number of oscillations includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the voltage change , and then find the voltage-time curve that satisfies The maximum value of the voltage ripple peak , find the maximum value of the voltage Moment , the voltage reaches the maximum value of the voltage Moment , initial voltage Moment The number of voltage fluctuations is taken as the number of oscillations; The damping ratio refers to the damping ratio of power, and the calculation function expression of the damping ratio of power is: ， In the above formula, is the damping ratio of power, , , and They are the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th peak points after active power disturbance when performing step tests on active power and frequency; The calculation of the excitation system response ratio includes: for the time variation curve of the excitation voltage from the starting rising point Ufn to the reaching of the specified rising amount, record the starting rising point Ufn Take point a as point, draw a straight line on the vertical time axis at 0.5 seconds and intersect the excitation voltage at point b, and take point c on the straight line on the vertical time axis, so that the line segment ac between point a and point c intersects the curve of the excitation voltage and forms two closed areas with equal upper and lower areas with the curve of the excitation voltage, and point a is projected at point d on the straight line on the vertical time axis, and the excitation system response ratio is calculated based on the line segment distance between point c and projection point d on the straight line on the vertical time axis: ,in, is the excitation system response ratio, is the line segment distance between point c and projection point d, is the excitation voltage at the starting point of rising; The calculation of the 95% response time includes: according to the initial voltage , steady-state value of voltage Calculate the steady-state value of the voltage reached 0.95 times the voltage : ， Then find the voltage in the voltage time curve until the voltage reaches Moment , and then the voltage reaches the voltage Moment Subtract the initial voltage Moment Get 95% response time.

10. The application method of the portable excitation system comprehensive test device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The method further comprises: calculating the output index based on the analog quantity and the switch quantity acquired by the analog quantity and the switch quantity acquisition unit (2) according to the output index given in the test template corresponding to the current excitation system test, and normalizing the calculated output index and inputting it into the machine learning model corresponding to the current excitation system test to obtain the performance score of the current excitation system test or the prediction result of whether the test is passed, wherein the machine learning model is pre-trained to establish a mapping relationship between the normalized output index and the performance score of the current excitation system test or the prediction result of whether the test is passed.

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