Series gap lightning arrester electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method and device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a series gap lightning arrester electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method and device and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: according to a Heidler function, creating a lightning simulation model of the overvoltage of the lightning intrusion wave of the power transmission line; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring system parameters of a power transmission line, creating an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the power transmission line provided with a series gap lightning arrester according to the system parameters of the power transmission line, and calculating simulation data at each monitoring point of the power transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage by adopting the electromagnetic transient simulation model and a lightning simulation model, and carrying out safety performance evaluation on the series gap lightning arrester according to the simulation data. By constructing the lightning simulation model and the electromagnetic transient simulation model, the series gap lightning arrester is simulated, the safety performance of the series gap lightning arrester in the power transmission line is evaluated, and the problems that in the prior art, the requirement for computing resources is large, and the computing period is long are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic transient simulation analysis of series gap lightning arresters, and in particular to a method, device, computer-readable storage medium and electronic device for electromagnetic transient simulation analysis of series gap lightning arresters. Background Art

[0002] For the analysis and prediction of electromagnetic transient simulation of lightning effects and arrester performance in power systems, existing analytical methods rely on simplified physical models to represent complex electromagnetic processes. These models may not accurately capture all key electrical factors that affect the performance of series gap arresters, such as arc dynamics. The dynamic response of series gap arresters is particularly difficult to model because it involves nonlinear behavior and air gap breakdown response that is highly dependent on specific operating conditions. The experimental method has the high cost of obtaining experimental data, and the experimental conditions often cannot fully replicate the actual operating environment, which limits the general applicability and verification accuracy of the model.

[0003] The existing method for electromagnetic transient simulation analysis of series gap arresters has the problem of large computing resource requirements and long computing cycle. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a method, device, computer-readable storage medium and electronic device for electromagnetic transient simulation analysis of a series gap arrester, so as to at least solve the problem of large computing resource requirements and long computing cycle in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a method for electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis of a series gap arrester is provided, comprising: creating a lightning simulation model of a lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of a transmission line according to a Heidler function; obtaining system parameters of the transmission line, and creating an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model comprises a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model; using the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of a lightning overvoltage, and performing a safety performance evaluation on the series gap arrester according to the simulation data, wherein the simulation data comprises voltage data and current data.

[0006] Optionally, according to the Heidler function, a lightning simulation model of a lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of a transmission line is created, including: according to the first formula: Creating the lightning simulation model of the transmission line, wherein i(0, t) is the current value of the lightning current, is the lightning current amplitude correction coefficient, I0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, τ1 is the time constant that determines the rise of the function, τ2 is the time constant that determines the attenuation of the function, and e is the base of the natural logarithm function.

[0007] Optionally, creating an air arc model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to system parameters of the transmission line includes: according to a second formula: The air arc model is created, wherein g(t+Δt) is the arc conductance in the time period t+Δt, g(t) is the arc conductance in the time period t, i is the arc current, P(g) is the arc heat dissipation power, and τ(g) is the arc time constant.

[0008] Optionally, a series gap arrester model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester is created according to system parameters of the transmission line, including: using resistance, capacitance, inductance and nonlinear resistance to construct the series gap arrester model, wherein the nonlinear resistance represents the conductivity characteristics of the series gap arrester model, the capacitance represents the dielectric constant of the zinc oxide resistor, the inductance represents the magnetic field related to the current flowing through the zinc oxide arrester, and the resistance is used to avoid numerical oscillations during simulation.

[0009] Optionally, creating a grounding resistance model of a power transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to system parameters of the power transmission line includes: according to a third formula: Create the ground resistance model, where R T is the ground resistance, i(t) is the instantaneous value of the impulse current flowing into the grounding device; R0 is the power frequency grounding resistance of the grounding device; I g The minimum current value for soil ionization is E c is the critical breakdown field strength of the soil, ρ is the soil resistivity, and R0 is the power frequency grounding resistance.

[0010] Optionally, a tower model and an air gap breakdown model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester are created according to system parameters of the transmission line, including: creating the tower model using a multi-wave impedance model; creating the air gap breakdown model using an arc black box model to determine the interaction between the arc and the transmission line during the action of lightning overvoltage.

[0011] Optionally, a safety performance evaluation of the series gap arrester is performed based on the simulation data, including: determining a terminal voltage waveform of the series gap arrester based on the voltage data in the simulation data, determining whether the series gap arrester successfully operates at a preset voltage level based on the terminal voltage waveform, and determining a voltage limiting characteristic after the series gap arrester successfully operates; determining a current flowing through the series gap arrester and a current distributed to a grounding system based on the current data in the simulation data; and evaluating the safety performance of the series gap arrester based on the voltage limiting characteristic, the current flowing through the series gap arrester and the current distributed to the grounding system.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present application, a series gap arrester electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis device is provided, comprising: a first creation unit, used to create a lightning simulation model of a transmission line lightning intrusion wave overvoltage according to a Heidler function; a second creation unit, used to obtain system parameters of the transmission line, and create an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model comprises a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model; an evaluation unit, which uses the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of a lightning overvoltage, and performs a safety performance evaluation on the series gap arrester according to the simulation data, wherein the simulation data comprises voltage data and current data.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute any one of the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis methods for series gap lightning arresters.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising: one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include a method for executing any one of the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis methods for series gap arresters.

[0015] Apply the technical solution of the present application, create a lightning simulation model of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of the transmission line according to the Heidler function; obtain the system parameters of the transmission line, and create an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model; use the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and evaluate the safety performance of the series gap arrester according to the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data. By constructing a lightning simulation model and an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the series gap arrester is simulated, and the safety performance of the series gap arrester in the transmission line is evaluated to evaluate the lightning resistance performance of the entire transmission system after the arrester is configured, so that the system can be adjusted as necessary, which can help evaluate the effect of different lightning protection strategies. This can also help engineers better understand and optimize the design of the series gap arrester, including the size, material selection, gap setting and installation location of the arrester. Such optimization can effectively improve the protection performance and reliability of the arrester, reduce the losses and failures caused by lightning strikes, and solve the problem of large computing resource requirements and long computing cycles in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings constituting part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for performing an electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method for a series gap arrester provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of an electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method for a series gap arrester provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 A logic diagram of the action of a series gap arrester provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0020] Figure 4 The figure shows a voltage waveform diagram on the side of the No. 1 pole tower provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 The figure shows a voltage waveform diagram on the side of the No. 2 pole tower provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6A three-phase current waveform diagram of the No. 1 pole tower side provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 7 A three-phase current waveform diagram of the No. 2 pole tower side provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 8 A structural block diagram of an electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis device for a series gap arrester provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0025] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0026] 102, processor; 104, memory; 106, transmission device; 108, input and output devices. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0030] As introduced in the background technology, the existing technology has large computing resource requirements and a long computing cycle. In order to solve the problem that the existing technology has large computing resource requirements and a long computing cycle, the embodiments of the present application provide an electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method, device, computer-readable storage medium and electronic device for a series gap lightning arrester.

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or a similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 1 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal of a method for electromagnetic transient simulation analysis of a series gap arrester according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown in the figure) a processor 102 (the processor 102 may include but is not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the mobile terminal may also include a transmission device 106 and an input / output device 108 for communication functions. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 1 The structure shown is only for illustration and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal. Figure 1 More or fewer components as shown, or with Figure 1 Different configurations are shown.

[0033] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, for example, software programs and modules of application software, such as the computer program corresponding to the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method of the series gap arrester in the embodiment of the present invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, that is, the above method is realized. The memory 104 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory 104 may further include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include but are not limited to the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network and a combination thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. The above-mentioned specific network example may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, referred to as NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0034] In this embodiment, a method for electromagnetic transient simulation analysis of a series gap arrester running on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or a similar computing device is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0035] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method of the series gap arrester according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0036] Step S201, creating a lightning simulation model of a lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of a transmission line according to a Heidler function;

[0037] Specifically, the Heidler function is a mathematical model that describes the overvoltage of lightning intrusion waves, which can be used to simulate the overvoltage of lightning intrusion waves on transmission lines. By using the Heidler function, the impact of lightning intrusion waves on transmission lines can be effectively simulated, helping engineers evaluate whether the lightning protection measures of the lines are effective enough. When establishing a lightning simulation model for lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of transmission lines, it is first necessary to determine the physical parameters of the line, including the length, height, and conductor type of the line. Then, according to the formula of the Heidler function, the waveform and amplitude of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage are calculated. Finally, the calculated waveform and amplitude are applied to the simulation software to simulate and analyze the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of the transmission line. By establishing a simulation model based on the Heidler function, engineers can better understand the voltage changes of the transmission line under the action of the lightning intrusion wave, evaluate the lightning protection capability of the line, and take corresponding measures to improve the lightning resistance capability of the line to ensure the safe and stable operation of the transmission system.

[0038] Step S202, obtaining system parameters of the transmission line, and creating an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model;

[0039] Specifically, considering the high-frequency characteristics of lightning waves in transient processes, the J.Marti model that can reflect the frequency characteristics of LCC components is selected as the electromagnetic transient simulation model in the ATP-EMTP software.

[0040] Step S203, using the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and evaluating the safety performance of the series gap arrester based on the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data.

[0041] Specifically, by utilizing the powerful electromagnetic transient analysis capabilities of ATP-EMTP software, the aim is to improve the accuracy of performance analysis of series gap arresters under electromagnetic transient events such as lightning strikes. The specific purpose is to be able to more realistically simulate the electromagnetic response of lightning striking the power system, including phenomena such as voltage, current and arc discharge. This can help engineers better understand and optimize the design of series gap arresters, including the size of the arrester, material selection, gap setting and installation location. Such optimization can effectively improve the protection performance and reliability of the arrester and reduce losses and failures caused by lightning strikes.

[0042] Through this embodiment, according to the Heidler function, a lightning simulation model of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of the transmission line is created; the system parameters of the transmission line are obtained, and the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with the series gap arrester is created according to the system parameters of the transmission line, and the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model; the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model are used to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of the lightning overvoltage, and the safety performance of the series gap arrester is evaluated according to the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data. By constructing a lightning simulation model and an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the series gap arrester is simulated, and the safety performance of the series gap arrester in the transmission line is evaluated, so as to evaluate the lightning resistance performance of the entire transmission system after the arrester is configured, so that the system can be adjusted as necessary, which can help evaluate the effect of different lightning protection strategies. The problem that the existing technology has large computing resource requirements and long computing cycles is solved.

[0043] In the specific implementation process, according to the Heidler function, a lightning simulation model of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of the transmission line is created, including: according to the first formula: Create the above lightning simulation model of the above transmission line, wherein: is the lightning current amplitude correction coefficient, I0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, τ1 is the time constant that determines the rise of the function, τ2 is the time constant that determines the attenuation of the function, and e is the base of the natural logarithm function.

[0044] Among them, the time constant that determines the rise of the function can be taken as 2.6μs, the time constant that determines the decay of the function can be taken as 50μs, and the current steepness factor can be taken as 10.

[0045] Further, an air arc model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester is created according to the system parameters of the transmission line, including: according to the second formula: The above-mentioned air arc model is created, where g(t+Δt) is the arc conductance in the time period t+Δt, g(t) is the arc conductance in the time period t, i is the arc current, P(g) is the arc heat dissipation power, and τ(g) is the arc time constant.

[0046] The air gap breakdown model of this method selects the arc black box model to describe the interaction between the arc and the transmission line during the lightning overvoltage process, and studies the dynamic electrical characteristics of the arc. This embodiment uses the Cassie-Mayr arc model to perform electromagnetic transient simulation of the series air gap. The dynamic arc conductance equation of Cassie-Mayr is:

[0047]

[0048] The above formula is the dynamic arc conductance equation of Cassie-Mayr, where g is the arc conductance, i is the arc current, P(g) is the arc heat dissipation power, and τ(g) is the arc time constant.

[0049] P(g) and τ(g) are also functions of arc conductance. Their values ​​are related to factors such as temperature and can be defined as:

[0050] P(g)=P0×g α ;

[0051] τ(g)=τ0×g β ;

[0052] In the formula, P0, τ0, α, and β are constants.

[0053] In a certain small time interval Δt, the arc heat dissipation power P(g) and the arc time constant τ(g) are both considered constants, and the Euler method is used to solve the first-order differential equation:

[0054] In order to prevent numerical instability during calculation, it is transformed. x Expanded into a Taylor series:

[0055] Taking the first two terms of the expansion, we have:

[0056] -x=1-e x ;

[0057] x=1-e -x ;

[0058] make Then we have:

[0059] In the ATP-EMTP software, MODELS and TACS components are used to achieve the breakdown of air gaps. MODELS components can flexibly realize the interaction between the electrical network and the control system through programming; TACS components can simulate nonlinear characteristics and logical operations, and their input and output can realize comprehensive calculation with the simulated network interface.

[0060] Furthermore, a series gap arrester model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester is created based on the system parameters of the above-mentioned transmission line, including: using resistors, capacitors, inductors and nonlinear resistors to construct the above-mentioned series gap arrester model, wherein the above-mentioned nonlinear resistor represents the conductivity characteristics of the above-mentioned series gap arrester model, the above-mentioned capacitor represents the dielectric constant of the zinc oxide resistor, the above-mentioned inductor represents the magnetic field related to the current flowing through the zinc oxide arrester, and the above-mentioned resistor is used to avoid numerical oscillations during simulation.

[0061] The modeling of the arrester body uses the resistor R L , capacitor C, inductor L and nonlinear resistor R c This model can show the arrester characteristics in a wider frequency and amplitude range, and can be used to simultaneously study the arrester's tolerance characteristics and protection characteristics. The nonlinear resistor represents the arrester's conductivity characteristics, and the capacitor represents the dielectric constant of the zinc oxide resistor. Their specific values ​​are related to the arrester line discharge level. The inductor represents the magnetic field associated with the current flowing through the zinc oxide arrester, and the resistor is used to avoid possible numerical oscillations during simulation. The parameter values ​​can be determined by the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] Where h is the height of the zinc oxide resistor valve; n is the number of parallel resistors in the arrester, and Δt is the simulation time step.

[0064] Specifically, creating a grounding resistance model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line includes: according to the third formula: Create the above ground resistance model, where i(t) is the instantaneous value of the impulse current flowing into the grounding device; R0 is the power frequency grounding resistance of the grounding device; I g The minimum current value for soil ionization is E c is the critical breakdown field strength of the soil, ρ is the soil resistivity, and R0 is the power frequency grounding resistance.

[0065] The grounding resistance model of this method adopts the soil ionization grounding resistance model, which is implemented in the software using MODELS language programming.

[0066] More specifically, a tower model and an air gap breakdown model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester are created according to the system parameters of the above-mentioned transmission line, including: using a multi-wave impedance model to create the above-mentioned tower model; using an arc black box model to create the above-mentioned air gap breakdown model to determine the interaction between the arc and the above-mentioned transmission line during the action of lightning overvoltage.

[0067] The air gap breakdown model of this method selects the arc black box model to describe the interaction between the arc and the transmission line during the lightning overvoltage process, studies the dynamic electrical characteristics of the arc, and selects the Cassie-Mayr arc model to perform electromagnetic transient simulation of the series air gap.

[0068] Furthermore, a safety performance evaluation of the series gap arrester is performed based on the above-mentioned simulation data, including: determining the terminal voltage waveform of the series gap arrester based on the above-mentioned voltage data in the above-mentioned simulation data, determining whether the series gap arrester has successfully operated at a preset voltage level based on the above-mentioned terminal voltage waveform, and determining the voltage limiting characteristics after the above-mentioned series gap arrester has successfully operated; determining the current flowing through the series gap arrester and the current distributed to the grounding system based on the above-mentioned current data in the above-mentioned simulation data; and evaluating the safety performance of the series gap arrester based on the above-mentioned voltage limiting characteristics, the current flowing through the series gap arrester and the current distributed to the grounding system.

[0069] This method analyzes the voltage waveform across the arrester to determine whether the arrester has successfully operated at a predetermined voltage level. The voltage limiting characteristics of the arrester after operation are observed to evaluate its performance and post-breakdown behavior. The distribution of lightning current in the system is analyzed, including the current flowing through the arrester and the current distributed to the grounding system. The protection effectiveness of the arrester and the entire protection system under different lightning current impulses is evaluated, including whether the system can limit the voltage below a safe level. This is used to analyze the insulation weaknesses in the system.

[0070] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, the implementation process of the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method for the series gap arrester of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0071] This embodiment relates to a specific electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method for a series gap arrester, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step S1, setting calculation conditions for lightning current and establishing a simulation model for lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of transmission lines.

[0073] According to statistics, the probability distribution of lightning current peak value in areas of my country where thunderstorm days exceed 20 is:

[0074] Where P is the probability that the lightning current amplitude exceeds I; I is the lightning current amplitude, unit is kA.

[0075] According to statistics, the wave head time τ1 in the lightning current waveform is generally 1 to 5μs, and the half-wave peak time τ2 is generally 20 to 100μs. Actual measurements show that there is a certain correlation between the peak value and steepness of the lightning current. The greater the steepness of the lightning current, the greater the harm to the power system. However, the steepness of the lightning current is often difficult to measure directly and needs to be deduced based on the lightning current amplitude, wave head and wave peak.

[0076] The lightning current function uses the Heidler function proposed by the International Electrotechnical Commission, and its expression is:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, is the correction coefficient of lightning current amplitude; I0 is the peak current of lightning current; n is the current steepness factor; τ1 is the time constant that determines the rise of the function; τ2 is the time constant that determines the decay of the function. Take τ1 = 2.6μs, τ2 = 50μs, and n is 10.

[0079] Step S2, based on the actual 35kV transmission line system parameters, an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester is established.

[0080] Taking into account the high-frequency characteristics of lightning waves in transient processes, the J.Marti model that can reflect the frequency characteristics of LCC components is selected in the ATP-EMTP software.

[0081] There is a wave process from the tower top to the tower base in the 35kV overhead line, so the tower model selects the multi-wave impedance model.

[0082] The grounding resistance model adopts the soil ionization grounding resistance model, which is implemented in the software using the MODELS language. The control equation of the model is:

[0083] Where: i(t) is the instantaneous value of the impulse current flowing into the grounding device; R0 is the power frequency grounding resistance of the grounding device; I g The minimum current value for ionizing the soil, kA, is given by the critical breakdown field strength of the soil, E c , soil resistivity ρ and power frequency grounding resistance R0, where

[0084] Under the action of lightning waves, the steepness of the wave significantly affects the flashover voltage. Therefore, it is more accurate to calculate the flashover voltage using the volt-second characteristic of the air gap. The expression of the volt-second characteristic of the insulator string is:

[0085] Where U F (t) is the critical flashover voltage, in kV; t is the flashover time, in s; l is the length of the air gap or insulator string, in m.

[0086] The modeling of the arrester body is achieved using resistors, capacitors, inductors and nonlinear resistors. This model can represent the arrester characteristics within a wider frequency and amplitude range, and can be used to simultaneously study the arrester's tolerance and protection characteristics. Nonlinear resistors represent the arrester's conductivity characteristics, and capacitors represent the dielectric constant of zinc oxide resistors. Their specific values ​​are related to the arrester line discharge level. Inductors represent the magnetic field associated with the current flowing through the zinc oxide arrester, and resistors are used to avoid possible numerical oscillations during simulation. The parameter values ​​can be determined by the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] Where, h is the height of the zinc oxide resistor valve plate, in meters; n is the number of parallel resistor columns inside the arrester; and Δt is the simulation time step.

[0089] The breakdown model of the air gap selects the arc black box model to describe the interaction between the arc and the transmission line during the lightning overvoltage process, and to study the dynamic electrical characteristics of the arc. This embodiment uses the Cassie-Mayr arc model to perform electromagnetic transient simulation of the series air gap. The dynamic arc conductance equation of Cassie-Mayr is:

[0090]

[0091] The above formula is the dynamic arc conductance equation of Cassie-Mayr, where g is the arc conductance, i is the arc current, P(g) is the arc heat dissipation power, and τ(g) is the arc time constant.

[0092] P(g) and τ(g) are also functions of arc conductance. Their values ​​are related to factors such as temperature and can be defined as:

[0093] P(g)=P0×g α ;

[0094] τ(g)=τ0×g β ;

[0095] In the formula, P0, τ0, α, and β are constants.

[0096] In a certain small time interval Δt, the arc heat dissipation power P(g) and the arc time constant τ(g) are both considered constants, and the Euler method is used to solve the first-order differential equation:

[0097] In order to prevent numerical instability during calculation, it is transformed. x Expanded into a Taylor series:

[0098] Taking the first two terms of the expansion, we have:

[0099] -x=1-e x ;

[0100] x=1-e -x ;

[0101] make Then we have:

[0102] In the ATP-EMTP software, MODELS and TACS components are used to achieve the breakdown of air gaps. MODELS components can flexibly realize the interaction between the electrical network and the control system through programming; TACS components can simulate nonlinear characteristics and logical operations, and their input and output can realize comprehensive calculation with the simulated network interface.

[0103] Step S3, running the simulation model to calculate the voltage and current values ​​at each monitoring point under the action of lightning overvoltage.

[0104] Compare and analyze the influence of lightning overvoltage under different parameter settings and draw reasonable conclusions.

[0105] Among them, voltage analysis: analyze the voltage waveform at both ends of the lightning arrester to determine whether the lightning arrester successfully operates at the predetermined voltage level. Observe the voltage limiting characteristics of the lightning arrester after operation to evaluate its performance and post-breakdown behavior. Current analysis: analyze the distribution of lightning current in the system, including the current flowing through the lightning arrester and the current distributed to the grounding system. System protection effectiveness: evaluate the protection effectiveness of the lightning arrester and the entire protection system under different lightning current impacts, including whether the system can limit the voltage below the safe level. In this way, analyze the insulation weaknesses in the system.

[0106] Take the voltage and current waveforms of each device under the action of 10kA lightning current as an example:

[0107] Direct lightning strikes Tower 1, and the lightning overvoltage intrudes into Tower 2, causing the series gap arrester on the tower to operate, limiting the counter-strike lightning overvoltage to a residual voltage of 130kV; the voltage waveform on the Tower 1 side is shown in the figure below: Figure 3 As shown, the voltage waveform on the No. 2 tower side is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the three-phase current waveform on the No. 1 tower side is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the three-phase current waveform on the No. 2 tower side is as follows Figure 6 shown.

[0108] Among them, the logic diagram of the series gap arrester action is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the series gap arrester is composed of an air gap and an arrester body. First, the voltage across the input air gap is detected, the voltage difference is calculated, and it is determined whether the voltage difference is greater than the set voltage value. If the voltage difference is less than or equal to the set voltage value, the TACS switch is kept disconnected and the voltage across the input air gap is continued to be detected; if the voltage difference is greater than the set voltage value, it is determined that the air gap is broken down and the TACS switch is controlled to close.

[0109] This embodiment aims to improve the accuracy of performance analysis of series gap arresters under electromagnetic transient events such as lightning strikes by utilizing the powerful electromagnetic transient analysis capabilities of ATP-EMTP software. The specific purpose is to be able to more realistically simulate the electromagnetic response when lightning strikes the power system, including phenomena such as voltage, current, and arc discharge. Through precise simulation and analysis, this embodiment aims to help engineers better understand and optimize the design of series gap arresters, including the size of the arrester, material selection, gap setting, and installation location. Such optimization can effectively improve the protection performance and reliability of the arrester and reduce losses and failures caused by lightning strikes. Through this embodiment, the lightning resistance performance of the entire transmission system after the arrester is configured can be evaluated, so that necessary adjustments can be made to the system, which can help evaluate the effectiveness of different lightning protection strategies.

[0110] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis device for a series gap arrester. It should be noted that the electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis device for a series gap arrester in the embodiment of the present application can be used to execute the electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis method for a series gap arrester provided in the embodiment of the present application. The device is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementation modes, and those that have been described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware for a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceived.

[0111] The following is an introduction to the electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis device for a series gap lightning arrester provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0112] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of an electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis device for a series gap arrester according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, the device comprises:

[0113] A first creation unit 81 is used to create a lightning simulation model of a lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of a transmission line according to a Heidler function;

[0114] The second creation unit 82 is used to obtain system parameters of the transmission line, and create an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model;

[0115] The evaluation unit 83 uses the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model and the above-mentioned lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the above-mentioned transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and evaluates the safety performance of the above-mentioned series gap lightning arrester based on the above-mentioned simulation data, wherein the above-mentioned simulation data includes voltage data and current data.

[0116] In this embodiment, the first creation unit is used to create a lightning simulation model of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of the transmission line according to the Heidler function; the second creation unit is used to obtain the system parameters of the transmission line, and create an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the above transmission line, wherein the above electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model; the evaluation unit uses the above electromagnetic transient simulation model and the above lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the above transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and evaluates the safety performance of the above series gap arrester according to the above simulation data, wherein the above simulation data includes voltage data and current data. By constructing a lightning simulation model and an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the series gap arrester is simulated, and the safety performance of the series gap arrester in the transmission line is evaluated, so as to evaluate the lightning resistance performance of the entire transmission system after the arrester is configured, so that the system can be adjusted as necessary, which can help evaluate the effects of different lightning protection strategies. The problem of large computing resource requirements and long computing cycle in the prior art is solved.

[0117] As an optional solution, the first creation unit includes a first creation module, which is used to create a first formula according to: Create the above lightning simulation model of the above transmission line, wherein: is the lightning current amplitude correction coefficient, I0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, τ1 is the time constant that determines the rise of the function, τ2 is the time constant that determines the attenuation of the function, and e is the base of the natural logarithm function.

[0118] In an optional solution, the second creation unit includes a second creation module, which is used to create a second creation module according to the second formula: The above-mentioned air arc model is created, where g(t+Δt) is the arc conductance in the time period t+Δt, g(t) is the arc conductance in the time period t, i is the arc current, P(g) is the arc heat dissipation power, and τ(g) is the arc time constant.

[0119] An optional solution, the second creation unit also includes a third creation module, which is used to construct the above-mentioned series gap arrester model using resistance, capacitance, inductance and nonlinear resistance, wherein the above-mentioned nonlinear resistance represents the conductivity characteristics of the above-mentioned series gap arrester model, the above-mentioned capacitance represents the dielectric constant of the zinc oxide resistor, the above-mentioned inductance represents the magnetic field related to the current flowing through the zinc oxide arrester, and the above-mentioned resistance is used to avoid numerical oscillations during simulation.

[0120] In an optional solution, the second creation unit further includes a fourth creation module, which is used to generate the following formula according to the third formula: Create the above ground resistance model, where i(t) is the instantaneous value of the impulse current flowing into the grounding device; R0 is the power frequency grounding resistance of the grounding device; I g The minimum current value for soil ionization is E c is the critical breakdown field strength of the soil, ρ is the soil resistivity, and R0 is the power frequency grounding resistance.

[0121] An optional solution, the second creation unit also includes a fifth creation module and a sixth creation module, the fifth creation module is used to create the above-mentioned tower model using a multi-wave impedance model; the sixth creation module is used to create the above-mentioned air gap breakdown model using an arc black box model to determine the interaction between the arc and the above-mentioned transmission line during the action of lightning overvoltage.

[0122] An optional scheme, the evaluation unit includes a first determination module, a second determination module and an evaluation module; the first determination module is used to determine the terminal voltage waveform of the above-mentioned series gap arrester according to the above-mentioned voltage data in the above-mentioned simulation data, determine whether the above-mentioned series gap arrester has successfully operated at a preset voltage level according to the above-mentioned terminal voltage waveform, and determine the voltage limiting characteristics after the above-mentioned series gap arrester has successfully operated; the second determination module is used to determine the current flowing through the above-mentioned series gap arrester and the current distributed to the grounding system according to the above-mentioned current data in the above-mentioned simulation data; the evaluation module is used to evaluate the safety performance of the above-mentioned series gap arrester according to the above-mentioned voltage limiting characteristics, the current flowing through the above-mentioned series gap arrester and the current distributed to the grounding system.

[0123] The above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis device for series gap arrester includes a processor and a memory, and the above-mentioned first creation unit, the second creation unit and the evaluation unit are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the above-mentioned program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions. The above-mentioned modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above-mentioned modules are respectively located in different processors in the form of any combination.

[0124] The processor includes a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and the problem of large computing resource requirements and long computing cycles in the prior art can be solved by adjusting kernel parameters.

[0125] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0126] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method of the series gap lightning arrester.

[0127] Specifically, the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method of the series gap arrester includes:

[0128] Step S201, creating a lightning simulation model of a lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of a transmission line according to a Heidler function;

[0129] Step S202, obtaining system parameters of the transmission line, and creating an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model;

[0130] Step S203, using the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and evaluating the safety performance of the series gap arrester based on the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data.

[0131] An embodiment of the present invention provides a processor, and the processor is used to run a program, wherein the program executes the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method of the series gap arrester when running.

[0132] Specifically, the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method of the series gap arrester includes:

[0133] Step S201, creating a lightning simulation model of a lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of a transmission line according to a Heidler function;

[0134] Step S202, obtaining system parameters of the transmission line, and creating an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model;

[0135] Step S203, using the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and evaluating the safety performance of the series gap arrester based on the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data.

[0136] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, the device comprising a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, at least the following steps are implemented:

[0137] Step S201, creating a lightning simulation model of a lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of a transmission line according to a Heidler function;

[0138] Step S202, obtaining system parameters of the transmission line, and creating an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model;

[0139] Step S203, using the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and evaluating the safety performance of the series gap arrester based on the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data.

[0140] The devices in this article can be servers, PCs, PADs, mobile phones, etc.

[0141] The present application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing a program for initializing at least the following method steps:

[0142] Step S201, creating a lightning simulation model of a lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of a transmission line according to a Heidler function;

[0143] Step S202, obtaining system parameters of the transmission line, and creating an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model;

[0144] Step S203, using the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and evaluating the safety performance of the series gap arrester based on the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data.

[0145] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0146] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0147] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0148] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0149] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0150] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0151] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0152] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0153] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0154] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

[0155] 1) A series gap arrester electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method of the present application includes: creating a lightning simulation model of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of the transmission line according to the Heidler function; obtaining the system parameters of the transmission line, and creating an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model; using the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of the lightning overvoltage, and evaluating the safety performance of the series gap arrester according to the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data. By constructing a lightning simulation model and an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the series gap arrester is simulated, and the safety performance of the series gap arrester in the transmission line is evaluated, so as to evaluate the lightning resistance performance of the entire transmission system after the arrester is configured, so that the system can be adjusted as necessary, which can help evaluate the effect of different lightning protection strategies. The problem of large computing resource requirements and long computing cycles in the prior art is solved.

[0156] 2) A series gap arrester electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis device of the present application includes: a first creation unit, which is used to create a lightning simulation model of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of the transmission line according to the Heidler function; a second creation unit, which is used to obtain the system parameters of the transmission line, and create an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model; an evaluation unit, which uses the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate the simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of the lightning overvoltage, and evaluates the safety performance of the series gap arrester according to the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data. By constructing a lightning simulation model and an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the series gap arrester is simulated, and the safety performance of the series gap arrester in the transmission line is evaluated, so as to evaluate the lightning resistance performance of the entire transmission system after the arrester is configured, so that the system can be adjusted as necessary, which can help evaluate the effects of different lightning protection strategies. The problem of large computing resource requirements and long computing cycle in the prior art is solved.

[0157] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for electromagnetic transient simulation analysis of a series gap arrester, characterized in that: include: According to the Heidler function, a lightning simulation model of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of the transmission line is created; Acquire system parameters of the transmission line, and create an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model; The electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model are used to calculate simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and the safety performance of the series gap lightning arrester is evaluated based on the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that According to the Heidler function, a lightning simulation model of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of the transmission line is created, including: According to the first formula: Creating the lightning simulation model of the transmission line, wherein i(0, t) is the current value of the lightning current, is the lightning current amplitude correction coefficient, I0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, τ1 is the time constant that determines the rise of the function, τ2 is the time constant that determines the attenuation of the function, and e is the base of the natural logarithm function.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that An air arc model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester is created according to system parameters of the transmission line, including: According to the second formula: The air arc model is created, wherein g(t+Δt) is the arc conductance in the time period t+Δt, g(t) is the arc conductance in the time period t, i is the arc current, P(g) is the arc heat dissipation power, and τ(g) is the arc time constant.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that A series gap arrester model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester is created according to system parameters of the transmission line, including: The series gap arrester model is constructed using resistance, capacitance, inductance and nonlinear resistance, wherein the nonlinear resistance represents the conductivity characteristics of the series gap arrester model, the capacitance represents the dielectric constant of the zinc oxide resistor, the inductance represents the magnetic field related to the current flowing through the zinc oxide arrester, and the resistance is used to avoid numerical oscillation during simulation.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that A grounding resistance model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester is created according to system parameters of the transmission line, including: According to the third formula: Create the ground resistance model, where R T is the ground resistance, i(t) is the instantaneous value of the impulse current flowing into the grounding device, R0 is the power frequency grounding resistance of the grounding device, I g The minimum current value for soil ionization is E c is the critical breakdown field strength of the soil, ρ is the soil resistivity, and R0 is the power frequency grounding resistance.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that A tower model and an air gap breakdown model of a transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester are created according to system parameters of the transmission line, including: Using a multi-wave impedance model to create the tower model; The air gap breakdown model is created using an arc black box model to determine the interaction between the arc and the transmission line during the lightning overvoltage process.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The safety performance of the series gap arrester is evaluated according to the simulation data, including: Determine the terminal voltage waveform of the series gap arrester according to the voltage data in the simulation data, determine whether the series gap arrester is successfully operated at a preset voltage level according to the terminal voltage waveform, and determine the voltage limiting characteristics of the series gap arrester after successful operation; Determine the current flowing through the series gap arrester and the current distributed to the grounding system according to the current data in the simulation data; The safety performance of the series gap arrester is evaluated based on the voltage limiting characteristic, the current flowing through the series gap arrester, and the current distributed to the grounding system.

8. An electromagnetic transient simulation and analysis device for a series gap arrester, characterized in that: include: A first creation unit is used to create a lightning simulation model of a lightning intrusion wave overvoltage of a transmission line according to a Heidler function; A second creation unit is used to obtain system parameters of the transmission line, and create an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the transmission line equipped with a series gap arrester according to the system parameters of the transmission line, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model includes a tower model, a grounding resistance model, an air gap breakdown model, a series gap arrester model, and an air arc model; An evaluation unit uses the electromagnetic transient simulation model and the lightning simulation model to calculate simulation data at each monitoring point of the transmission line under the action of lightning overvoltage, and performs safety performance evaluation on the series gap lightning arrester based on the simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes voltage data and current data.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is executed, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method for a series gap lightning arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include a method for executing the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis method of a series gap arrester as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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