Pre-activation method of galvanic pile and activation method of galvanic pile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell stack activation, in particular to a stack pre-activation method and a stack activation method.The stack pre-activation method comprises the following steps that a first stack is connected to a stack activation platform, and the stack activation platform is started to perform formal activation on the first stack; hydrogen generated by activation of the first electric pile is discharged to a hydrogen cavity of the second electric pile, air generated by activation of the first electric pile is discharged to an air cavity of the third electric pile, and wastewater generated by activation of the first electric pile is discharged to a water cavity of the second electric pile and a water cavity of the third electric pile; wherein the first electric pile is an electric pile which is pre-activated, and the second electric pile and the third electric pile are electric piles which are not pre-activated. In conclusion, the pre-activation method of the electric pile can greatly reduce the time consumed by activation and save the production cost, and has the effect of reducing the production cost of the fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of activating a fuel cell stack, and in particular to a pre-activation method for a fuel cell stack and an activation method for a fuel cell stack. Background Art

[0002] At present, after the initial assembly of a fuel cell, the performance of its stack is relatively low, and the stack needs to be activated to improve the performance. Among them, the commonly used activation method is to continuously input a constant current into the stack. In order to increase the activation speed, the activation process also includes pre-activation, which is to continuously immerse the stack in high-temperature water before the formal activation to wet the membrane electrode of the stack. However, since high-temperature water is difficult to penetrate the membrane electrode, the speed of fully wetting the membrane electrode is slow and the wetting effect cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the activation process of the fuel cell stack is relatively long, which makes the production cost of the fuel cell relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pre-activation method for a fuel cell stack and an activation method for a fuel cell stack, so as to solve the technical problem that the activation process of the fuel cell stack takes a lot of time, resulting in a high production cost of the fuel cell.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preactivating a battery stack, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Connecting the first battery stack to the battery stack activation platform and starting the battery stack activation platform to formally activate the first battery stack;

[0006] The hydrogen generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged into the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack, the air generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged into the air chamber of the third battery stack, and the waste water generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged into the water chamber of the second battery stack and the water chamber of the third battery stack;

[0007] The first battery stack is a pre-activated battery stack, and the second battery stack and the third battery stack are not pre-activated battery stacks.

[0008] Optionally, the following steps are also included:

[0009] When the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack is higher than the preset temperature of the hydrogen, the hydrogen in the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack is discharged into the hydrogen chambers of other second battery stacks;

[0010] When the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air cavity of the third battery stack is higher than the preset air temperature, the air in the air cavity of the third battery stack is discharged into the air cavities of other third battery stacks;

[0011] When the temperature of the waste water at the outlet of the water chamber of the second battery stack is higher than the preset temperature of the waste water, the waste water in the water chamber of the second battery stack is discharged into the water chambers of other second battery stacks;

[0012] When the temperature of the waste water at the outlet of the water chamber of the third battery stack is higher than the preset temperature of the waste water, the waste water in the water chamber of the third battery stack is discharged to the water chambers of other third battery stacks.

[0013] Optionally, the preset temperature of hydrogen is 30°C, the preset temperature of air is 30°C, and the preset temperature of wastewater is 30°C.

[0014] Optionally, hydrogen generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged to the hydrogen cavities of the plurality of second battery stacks, air generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged to the air cavities of the plurality of third battery stacks, and waste water generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged to the water cavities of the plurality of second battery stacks and the water cavities of the plurality of third battery stacks;

[0015] And / or, when the temperature of hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack is higher than the preset temperature of hydrogen, the hydrogen in the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack is discharged into the hydrogen chambers of multiple other second battery stacks; when the temperature of air at the outlet of the air chamber of the third battery stack is higher than the preset air temperature, the air in the air chamber of the third battery stack is discharged into the air chambers of multiple other third battery stacks; when the temperature of wastewater at the outlet of the water chamber of the second battery stack is higher than the preset wastewater temperature, the wastewater in the water chamber of the second battery stack is discharged into the water chambers of multiple other second battery stacks; when the temperature of wastewater at the outlet of the water chamber of the third battery stack is higher than the preset wastewater temperature, the wastewater in the water chamber of the third battery stack is discharged into the water chambers of multiple other third battery stacks.

[0016] The present invention also relates to a method for activating a battery stack, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Preactivating the battery stack using the aforementioned battery stack preactivation method;

[0018] Repressurize the battery stack;

[0019] The battery stack is formally activated.

[0020] Optionally, the steps of repressurizing the battery stack are:

[0021] Multiple press-fitting pressures are applied to the upper and lower end plates of the stack simultaneously.

[0022] Optionally, in the step of re-pressurizing the fuel cell stack, the pressing pressure is 2 kN to 50 kN, and the number of times the pressing pressure is applied is 1 to 10 times.

[0023] Optionally, the formal activation step includes pre-activation and post-activation, the pre-activation includes a current activation process and a first dormancy process, in which current is continuously supplied to the stack, and the post-activation includes a starvation activation process and a second dormancy process, in which current is continuously supplied to the stack, hydrogen is continuously supplied to the hydrogen chamber of the stack, and the operation of supplying air with a flow rate of n and a stoichiometric ratio of x times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction to the air chamber of the stack and the operation of supplying air with a flow rate of m and a stoichiometric ratio of y times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction to the air chamber of the stack are cyclically performed multiple times;

[0024] Among them, n>m, x>y, and the front activation is performed before the rear activation.

[0025] Optionally, the current activation process is to maintain the operating temperature of the battery stack at 20°C to 90°C and set the current density to be greater than 0.2A / cm 2 A current of is passed into the fuel cell stack, so that the operating pressure of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 10Kpa to 200Kpa, and the relative humidity of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 0% to 100%, and the duration is greater than 5 minutes;

[0026] The first dormancy step is: maintaining the operating temperature of the battery stack at 20°C to 90°C for a duration of more than 5 minutes;

[0027] The starvation activation process is to maintain the operating temperature of the battery stack at 20°C to 90°C and set the current density to greater than 0.01A / cm 2 A current of 10000A is passed through the fuel cell stack, so that the operating pressure of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 10Kpa to 200Kpa, and the relative humidity of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 0% to 100%, and hydrogen with a stoichiometric ratio not less than the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction is continuously passed through the hydrogen cavity of the fuel cell stack, and the operation of passing air with a flow rate of n and a stoichiometric ratio not less than 0.6 times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction for more than 3s and the operation of passing air with a flow rate of m and a stoichiometric ratio not more than 3 times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction for more than 3s is cyclically performed multiple times;

[0028] The second dormancy process is to maintain the operating temperature of the battery stack at 20°C to 90°C for a duration greater than 5 minutes.

[0029] Optionally, the step of activating the battery stack includes multiple pre-activations and multiple post-activations.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the pre-activation method of a battery stack and the activation method of a battery stack in the embodiment of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention connects the hydrogen outlet of the activation platform to the hydrogen chamber of the first battery stack, and connects the wastewater outlet of the activation platform to the water chamber of the first battery stack, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity hydrogen and wastewater generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack are respectively introduced into the hydrogen chamber and water chamber of the second battery stack, and the air outlet of the activation platform is connected to the air chamber of the second battery stack, and the wastewater outlet of the activation platform is connected to the water chamber of the second battery stack, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity air and wastewater generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack are respectively introduced into the air chamber and water chamber of the third battery stack, wherein the pre-activation method of the battery stack of the present invention uses high-temperature and high-humidity gas in combination with high-temperature wastewater to continuously pass into the second battery stack and the third battery stack, so that the membrane electrodes of the second battery stack and the third battery stack can be quickly and fully infiltrated, thereby greatly reducing the pre-activation time, ensuring that the battery stack is fully pre-activated, and can also effectively utilize the energy and by-products generated by the formal activation for pre-activation, which can effectively save production costs; in summary, the pre-activation method of the battery stack of the present invention can greatly reduce the time required for activation and save production costs, and has the effect of reducing the production cost of fuel cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the pre-activation of the present invention.

[0033] Figure numerals: 1. first battery stack; 2. second battery stack; 3. third battery stack; 4. activation platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, a pre-activation method for a battery stack of the present invention includes the following steps: connecting a first battery stack 1 to a battery stack activation platform 4, starting the battery stack activation platform 4 to formally activate the first battery stack 1; discharging hydrogen generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 to the hydrogen cavity of the second battery stack 2, discharging air generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 to the air cavity of the third battery stack 3, and discharging waste water generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 to the water cavity of the second battery stack 2 and the water cavity of the third battery stack 3; wherein the first battery stack 1 is a pre-activated battery stack, and the second battery stack 2 and the third battery stack 3 are non-pre-activated battery stacks.

[0038] In the above technical scheme, the hydrogen outlet of the activation platform 4 is connected to the hydrogen cavity of the first battery stack 1, and the wastewater outlet of the activation platform 4 is connected to the water cavity of the first battery stack 1, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity hydrogen and wastewater generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 are respectively introduced into the hydrogen cavity and water cavity of the second battery stack 2, and the air outlet of the activation platform 4 is connected to the air cavity of the second battery stack 2, and the wastewater outlet of the activation platform 4 is connected to the water cavity of the second battery stack 2, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity air and wastewater generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 are respectively introduced into the air cavity and water cavity of the third battery stack 3, wherein the pre-activation method of the battery stack of the present invention uses high-temperature and high-humidity gas in combination with high-temperature wastewater to continuously pass into the first battery stack 1. In the second battery stack 2 and the third battery stack 3, the membrane electrodes of the second battery stack 2 and the third battery stack 3 can be quickly and fully wetted, thereby greatly reducing the pre-activation time, ensuring that the battery stack is fully pre-activated, and effectively utilizing the energy and by-products generated by the formal activation for pre-activation, which can effectively save production costs; in summary, the pre-activation method of the battery stack of the present invention can greatly reduce the time required for activation and save production costs, and has the effect of reducing the production cost of fuel cells; in addition, the hydrogen cavity is the anode cavity, and the oxygen cavity is the cathode cavity, and hydrogen and oxygen cannot be simultaneously input into the anode cavity and cathode cavity of a battery stack to pre-activate it, because it will cause a reaction during the pre-activation stage.

[0039] Furthermore, the following steps are included: when the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen cavity of the second battery stack 2 is higher than the preset temperature of the hydrogen, the hydrogen in the hydrogen cavity of the second battery stack 2 is discharged into the hydrogen cavities of other second battery stacks 2; when the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air cavity of the third battery stack 3 is higher than the preset temperature of the air, the air in the air cavity of the third battery stack 3 is discharged into the air cavities of other third battery stacks 3; when the temperature of the wastewater at the outlet of the water cavity of the second battery stack 2 is higher than the preset temperature of the wastewater, the wastewater in the water cavity of the second battery stack 2 is discharged into the water cavities of other second battery stacks 2; when the temperature of the wastewater at the outlet of the water cavity of the third battery stack 3 is higher than the preset temperature of the wastewater, the wastewater in the water cavity of the third battery stack 3 is discharged into the water cavities of other third battery stacks 3; in this scheme, the hydrogen cavities of multiple second battery stacks 2 are connected in series , multiple air cavities of the third battery stacks 3 are connected in series, multiple water cavities of the second battery stacks 2 are connected in series, and multiple water cavities of the third battery stacks 3 are connected in series, so that hydrogen passes through the hydrogen cavities of the multiple second battery stacks 2 in sequence, air passes through the air cavities of the multiple third battery stacks 3 in sequence, and wastewater passes through the hydrogen cavities of the multiple second battery stacks 2 and the air cavities of the multiple third battery stacks 3 in sequence, so that the hydrogen, air and wastewater have high fluidity in the cavity and infiltrate the electrode membrane, and the speed of infiltrating the electrode membrane is faster; in addition, when the temperature of hydrogen, air and wastewater is below the preset temperature, the infiltration effect is poor, therefore, when the temperature of hydrogen, air and wastewater drops to the preset temperature or below, they are discarded and discharged, and are not used for pre-activation; further, the preset temperature of hydrogen is 30°C, the preset temperature of air is 30°C, and the preset temperature of wastewater is 30°C.

[0040] Furthermore, the hydrogen generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 is discharged into the hydrogen cavities of multiple second battery stacks 2, the air generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 is discharged into the air cavities of multiple third battery stacks 3, and the waste water generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 is discharged into the water cavities of multiple second battery stacks 2 and multiple third battery stacks 3; and / or, when the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen cavity of the second battery stack 2 is higher than the preset temperature of the hydrogen, the hydrogen in the hydrogen cavity of the second battery stack 2 is discharged into the hydrogen cavities of other multiple second battery stacks 2, and when the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air cavity of the third battery stack 3 is higher than the preset temperature of the air, the air cavity of the third battery stack 3 The air in the water cavity is discharged into the air cavity of other multiple third battery stacks 3. When the temperature of the waste water at the outlet of the water cavity of the second battery stack 2 is higher than the preset temperature of the waste water, the waste water in the water cavity of the second battery stack 2 is discharged into the water cavity of other multiple second battery stacks 2. When the temperature of the waste water at the outlet of the water cavity of the third battery stack 3 is higher than the preset temperature of the waste water, the waste water in the water cavity of the third battery stack 3 is discharged into the water cavity of other multiple third battery stacks 3. In this scheme, multiple hydrogen cavities are connected in parallel, multiple air cavities are connected in parallel, and multiple water cavities are connected in parallel to control the flow rate of the infiltration medium input into the subsequent chamber, and better production efficiency can be obtained by adjusting the flow rate.

[0041] The present invention also relates to a method for activating a fuel cell stack, comprising: pre-activating the fuel cell stack using the aforementioned pre-activation method for the fuel cell stack; re-pressurizing the fuel cell stack; and formally activating the fuel cell stack.

[0042] Furthermore, the step of re-pressurizing the battery stack is: applying multiple pressing pressures to the upper end plate and the lower end plate of the battery stack at the same time to adjust the size of the battery stack; further, in the step of re-pressurizing the battery stack, the pressing pressure is 2kN to 50kN, and the number of times the pressing pressure is applied is 1 to 10 times, so that most battery stacks can be adjusted to the required size.

[0043] Furthermore, the formal activation step includes pre-activation and post-activation, the pre-activation includes a current activation process and a first dormancy process, in which current is continuously supplied to the stack, and the post-activation includes a starvation activation process and a second dormancy process, in which current is continuously supplied to the stack, hydrogen is continuously supplied to the hydrogen chamber of the stack, and the operation of supplying air with a flow rate of n and a stoichiometric ratio of x times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction to the air chamber of the stack and the operation of supplying air with a flow rate of m and a stoichiometric ratio of y times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction to the air chamber of the stack is cyclically performed multiple times; wherein n>m, x> >y, the pre-activation is performed before the post-activation; in this scheme, the pre-activation is activated by continuously passing a large flow of current into the stack, and the post-activation is activated by continuously passing current into the stack, continuously delivering hydrogen to the anode, and cyclically delivering a large flow of air with a large stoichiometric ratio to the cathode, and a small flow of air with a small stoichiometric ratio to the cathode, so that the cathode switches back and forth between the state of insufficient oxygen and the state of sufficient oxygen, so that the voltage of the stack fluctuates up and down and generates a certain amount of heat, thereby starving it; wherein, the normal stoichiometric ratio referred to in this specification refers to the amount of substances consumed in the normal reaction, specifically The reaction formula of hydrogen-oxygen reaction is 2H2+O2=2H20, the normal stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen is 2, and the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen is 1. In the normal reaction, 2 parts of hydrogen (which can be 2 moles of hydrogen) are introduced into the anode, and 1 part of air (which can be 1 mole of oxygen) is introduced into the cathode, which just completely consumes the hydrogen and the oxygen in the air to react. If the stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen is 1.5 times that of the normal reaction, that is, 3 parts of hydrogen (which can be 2 moles of hydrogen), and the stoichiometric ratio of air is 1.5 times that of the normal reaction, that is, 1.5 parts of hydrogen, which is 1.5 times that of the normal reaction, is introduced into the cathode. If 1.5 moles of air (which may be 1.5 moles of oxygen in the air) is introduced into the anode, 2 parts of hydrogen and 1 part of air are consumed, and 1 part of hydrogen and 0.5 parts of air remain. The hydrogen and air are sufficient, and the voltage of the battery stack is low. If 1.5 times the stoichiometric ratio of normal reaction hydrogen is introduced into the anode, that is, 3 parts of hydrogen (which may be 2 moles of hydrogen), and 0.5 times the stoichiometric ratio of normal reaction air is introduced into the cathode, that is, 0.5 parts of air (which may be 0.5 moles of oxygen in the air), 1 part of hydrogen and 0.5 parts of air are consumed, and 1 part of hydrogen remains. The oxygen in the air is insufficient, and the voltage of the battery stack is high.

[0044] Furthermore, the basic steps and basic parameter conditions for formal activation of the battery stack are as follows: The current activation process is to maintain the operating temperature of the battery stack at 20°C to 90°C, and set the current density to greater than 0.2A / cm 2The current is passed into the fuel cell stack, so that the operating pressure of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 10Kpa to 200Kpa, and the relative humidity of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 0% to 100%, and the duration is greater than 5min; the first dormancy process is: the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is maintained at 20℃ to 90℃, and the duration is greater than 5min; the starvation activation process is: the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is maintained at 20℃ to 90℃, and the current density is greater than 0.01A / cm 2 A current is passed through the fuel cell stack, so that the operating pressure of the hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 10Kpa to 200Kpa, and the relative humidity of the hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 0% to 100%, and hydrogen with a stoichiometric ratio not less than the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction is continuously passed through the hydrogen chamber of the fuel cell stack, and the operation of passing air with a flow rate of n and a stoichiometric ratio not less than 0.6 times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction for more than 3s and the operation of passing air with a flow rate of m and a stoichiometric ratio not more than 3 times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction for more than 3s is cyclically performed multiple times; the second dormancy step is: maintaining the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack at 20°C to 90°C for a duration of more than 5min.

[0045] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is as follows: the current activation process is: the operating temperature of the battery stack is maintained at 70°C, the current density is greater than 2 / cm 2 The current is passed into the fuel cell stack, so that the operating pressure of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 150Kpa, and the relative humidity of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 100%, and the duration is 20min; the first dormancy process is: the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is maintained at 70℃, and the duration is 10min; the starvation activation process is: the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is maintained at 70℃, and the current density is greater than 1.8A / cm 2 A current is passed through the fuel cell stack, so that the operating pressure of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 150Kpa, the relative humidity of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 100%, hydrogen with a stoichiometric ratio of 1.6 times that of the normal reaction is continuously passed through the hydrogen chamber of the fuel cell stack, and the operation of passing air with a flow rate of n and a stoichiometric ratio not less than 2 times the stoichiometric ratio of the normal reaction for more than 10s and the operation of passing air with a flow rate of m and a stoichiometric ratio not more than 1.1 times the stoichiometric ratio of the normal reaction for more than 15s is cyclically performed 200 times; the second dormancy step is: maintaining the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack at 70°C for 10 minutes; using the parameters in this embodiment for production can achieve a balance between activation time and consumed resources to obtain better production benefits, thereby effectively reducing production costs.

[0046] Furthermore, the step of activating the fuel cell stack includes multiple pre-activations and multiple post-activations to fully activate the fuel cell stack.

[0047] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for pre-activating a battery stack and a method for activating a battery stack, and the technical effects thereof are:

[0048] The present invention connects the hydrogen outlet of the activation platform 4 to the hydrogen cavity of the first battery stack 1, and connects the wastewater outlet of the activation platform 4 to the water cavity of the first battery stack 1, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity hydrogen and wastewater generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 are respectively passed into the hydrogen cavity and water cavity of the second battery stack 2, and the air outlet of the activation platform 4 is connected to the air cavity of the second battery stack 2, and the wastewater outlet of the activation platform 4 is connected to the water cavity of the second battery stack 2, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity air and wastewater generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack 1 are respectively passed into the air cavity and water cavity of the third battery stack 3, wherein, The pre-activation method of the fuel cell stack of the present invention uses high-temperature, high-humidity gas in combination with high-temperature wastewater to continuously pass into the second fuel cell stack 2 and the third fuel cell stack 3, so that the membrane electrodes of the second fuel cell stack 2 and the third fuel cell stack 3 can be quickly and fully infiltrated, thereby greatly reducing the pre-activation time and ensuring that the fuel cell stack is fully pre-activated. It can also effectively utilize the energy and by-products generated by the formal activation for pre-activation, which can effectively save production costs. In summary, the pre-activation method of the fuel cell stack of the present invention can greatly reduce the time required for activation and save production costs, and has the effect of reducing the production cost of fuel cells.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preactivating a battery stack, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Connecting the first battery stack to the battery stack activation platform and starting the battery stack activation platform to formally activate the first battery stack; The hydrogen generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged into the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack, the air generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged into the air chamber of the third battery stack, and the waste water generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged into the water chamber of the second battery stack and the water chamber of the third battery stack; The first battery stack is a pre-activated battery stack, and the second battery stack and the third battery stack are not pre-activated battery stacks.

2. The method for preactivating a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: When the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack is higher than the preset temperature of the hydrogen, the hydrogen in the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack is discharged into the hydrogen chambers of other second battery stacks; When the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air cavity of the third battery stack is higher than the preset air temperature, the air in the air cavity of the third battery stack is discharged into the air cavities of other third battery stacks; When the temperature of the waste water at the outlet of the water chamber of the second battery stack is higher than the preset temperature of the waste water, the waste water in the water chamber of the second battery stack is discharged into the water chambers of other second battery stacks; When the temperature of the waste water at the outlet of the water chamber of the third battery stack is higher than the preset temperature of the waste water, the waste water in the water chamber of the third battery stack is discharged to the water chambers of other third battery stacks.

3. The method for preactivating a fuel cell stack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preset temperature of hydrogen is 30℃, the preset temperature of air is 30℃, and the preset temperature of wastewater is 30℃.

4. The method for preactivating a fuel cell stack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged into the hydrogen cavities of the multiple second battery stacks, the air generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged into the air cavities of the multiple third battery stacks, and the waste water generated by the formal activation of the first battery stack is discharged into the water cavities of the multiple second battery stacks and the water cavities of the multiple third battery stacks; And / or, when the temperature of hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack is higher than the preset temperature of hydrogen, the hydrogen in the hydrogen chamber of the second battery stack is discharged into the hydrogen chambers of multiple other second battery stacks; when the temperature of air at the outlet of the air chamber of the third battery stack is higher than the preset air temperature, the air in the air chamber of the third battery stack is discharged into the air chambers of multiple other third battery stacks; when the temperature of wastewater at the outlet of the water chamber of the second battery stack is higher than the preset wastewater temperature, the wastewater in the water chamber of the second battery stack is discharged into the water chambers of multiple other second battery stacks; when the temperature of wastewater at the outlet of the water chamber of the third battery stack is higher than the preset wastewater temperature, the wastewater in the water chamber of the third battery stack is discharged into the water chambers of multiple other third battery stacks.

5. A method for activating a battery stack, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Preactivating the battery stack using the battery stack preactivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4; Repressurize the battery stack; The fuel cell stack is formally activated.

6. The activation method of the battery stack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps to re-pressurize the stack are: Multiple press-fitting pressures are applied to the upper and lower end plates of the stack simultaneously.

7. The activation method of the battery stack according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step of re-pressurizing the fuel cell stack, the pressing pressure is 2 kN to 50 kN, and the number of times the pressing pressure is applied is 1 to 10 times.

8. The method for activating a fuel cell stack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The formal activation steps include pre-activation and post-activation. The pre-activation includes a current activation process and a first dormancy process. In the current activation process, current is continuously supplied to the stack. The post-activation includes a starvation activation process and a second dormancy process. In the starvation activation process, current is continuously supplied to the stack, hydrogen is continuously supplied to the hydrogen chamber of the stack, and the operation of supplying air with a flow rate of n and a stoichiometric ratio of x times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction to the air chamber of the stack and the operation of supplying air with a flow rate of m and a stoichiometric ratio of y times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction to the air chamber of the stack are cyclically performed multiple times. Among them, n>m, x>y, and the front activation is performed before the post activation.

9. The method for activating a fuel cell stack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The current activation process is to maintain the operating temperature of the battery stack at 20℃ to 90℃ and set the current density to greater than 0.2A / cm 2 A current of is passed into the fuel cell stack, so that the operating pressure of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 10Kpa to 200Kpa, and the relative humidity of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 0% to 100%, and the duration is greater than 5 minutes; The first dormancy step is: maintaining the operating temperature of the battery stack at 20°C to 90°C for a duration of more than 5 minutes; The starvation activation process is to maintain the operating temperature of the battery stack at 20°C to 90°C and set the current density to greater than 0.01A / cm 2 A current of 10000A is passed through the fuel cell stack, so that the operating pressure of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 10Kpa to 200Kpa, and the relative humidity of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack is 0% to 100%, and hydrogen with a stoichiometric ratio not less than the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction is continuously passed through the hydrogen cavity of the fuel cell stack, and the operation of passing air with a flow rate of n and a stoichiometric ratio not less than 0.6 times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction for more than 3s and the operation of passing air with a flow rate of m and a stoichiometric ratio not more than 3 times the stoichiometric ratio of a normal reaction for more than 3s is cyclically performed multiple times; The second dormancy process is to maintain the operating temperature of the battery stack at 20°C to 90°C for a duration greater than 5 minutes.

10. The method for activating a fuel cell stack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps of activating the battery stack include multiple pre-activations and multiple post-activations.

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