Power supply system and method for refrigeration box of large container ship by using hydrogen fuel cell box

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and particularly relates to a power supply system and method for a refrigeration box of a large container ship by using a hydrogen fuel cell box. The system comprises a newly-added refrigerating box, a hydrogen fuel tank and a container type hydrogen battery unit. Modular design is adopted for the newly-added refrigerating boxes, the hydrogen fuel tanks and the container type hydrogen battery units, and based on the service requirement that a current large container ship often faces too many refrigerating boxes, power is provided for the newly-added refrigerating boxes, exceeding the inherent refrigerating box positions, of the large container ship through the container type hydrogen battery units; the hydrogen fuel storage tank is used as a source of fuel of the container type hydrogen battery unit, and the power demand of newly added refrigerated containers is met, so that the container ship can transport more refrigerated containers, and the container ship has high economical efficiency and practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and in particular relates to a system and method for supplying power to a large container ship refrigerated box using a hydrogen fuel cell box. Background Art

[0002] There are refrigerated containers on container ships. There are special areas or locations for placing refrigerated containers, referred to as refrigerated container slots. Each slot has a special power distribution system to supply electricity to each refrigerated container. At the same time, the ship's engine room power grid must have a matching power supply capacity. Therefore, the cost of each refrigerated container slot is very high. Therefore, when designing a ship, a certain number of refrigerated container slots will be designed based on the current market demand, and generally, an excessive number of slots will not be designed.

[0003] As the demand for seaborne refrigerated containers continues to increase, the existing old large container ships have fewer refrigerated container slots, which often cannot meet the service needs of excessive number of refrigerated containers during ship operation. Even for newly built container ships, due to the strong volatility of the market demand for refrigerated containers, there will be a situation where the transportation demand for excessive number of refrigerated containers cannot be met when the market demand is strong. If the ship's refrigerated container slots are designed according to the maximum number required by the market, the cost of equipping them with a matching power system will be very high. In addition, when the market demand is low, the demand for refrigerated container transportation is small, and the utilization rate of the ship's power system with a higher investment is very low, resulting in serious waste of resources.

[0004] For existing container ships, the power supply for refrigerated containers depends on the ship's power grid. When the number of refrigerated containers loaded on a ship exceeds its inherent number, the ship's power load cannot meet its needs. In addition, there is no power distribution system for refrigerated containers that exceed the inherent number. The only solution to the above situation is to replace high-power diesel generator sets and add new power distribution systems. However, since the ship's engine room space is fixed, even if a high-power diesel generator set is replaced, there may not be enough space for its large size. In addition, the cost of its transformation is very high, so it is very difficult to add refrigerated container spaces to existing container ships.

[0005] The power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells can reach more than 50%, making them an ideal power generation device. Hydrogen fuel cells can be designed into modular container batteries for easy mobility.

[0006] Hydrogen can be stored in hydrogen fuel storage tanks, which can be placed in standardized container tanks for easy transportation on container ships, referred to as hydrogen fuel tanks.

[0007] Based on this, the present invention proposes a power supply system and method for a large container ship refrigerated box using a hydrogen fuel cell box. In response to the current transportation service requirements for a large number of refrigerated boxes, after the hydrogen fuel tank box supplies fuel to the containerized hydrogen battery unit, the containerized hydrogen battery unit provides a reliable power supply for the newly added refrigerated boxes, solving the problem of difficulty in powering the newly added refrigerated boxes on large container ships, and has good practicality. Summary of the invention

[0008] The first purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to propose a power supply system for a large container ship refrigerated box using a hydrogen fuel cell box, the system comprising a traditional refrigerated box power supply system and a newly added refrigerated box power supply system.

[0009] Among them, the traditional refrigerated container power supply system includes: diesel engine, generator, ship power grid, and traditional refrigerated container.

[0010] The new refrigerated container power supply system includes: new refrigerated containers, hydrogen fuel tanks, and containerized hydrogen battery units.

[0011] In the traditional refrigerated container power supply system, the diesel engine and the generator are connected through a transmission shaft; the generator is connected to the ship's power grid through a line; the ship's power grid is connected to the traditional refrigerated container through a line. The diesel engine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is sent to the ship's power grid; the traditional refrigerated container is connected to the ship's power grid through a line, so that the ship's power grid provides power supply for the traditional refrigerated container.

[0012] In the newly added refrigerated container power supply system, the hydrogen fuel tank is connected to the containerized hydrogen battery unit through a pipeline; the containerized hydrogen battery unit is connected to the newly added refrigerated container through a line. Among them, the hydrogen fuel tank is connected to the containerized hydrogen battery unit through a pipeline to transport fuel to the containerized hydrogen battery unit. At the same time, the containerized hydrogen battery unit is connected to the newly added refrigerated container through a line to provide power support for the newly added refrigerated container. The containerized hydrogen battery unit includes a container and the hydrogen fuel cell and electrical processing device inside. The hydrogen fuel tank and the containerized hydrogen battery unit must be installed on a deck with good ventilation.

[0013] The second purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for powering a large container ship refrigerated container using a hydrogen fuel cell box based on the above-mentioned large container ship refrigerated container power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell box. The purpose of this method is to load a corresponding number of containerized hydrogen battery units and hydrogen fuel tanks according to the number of ship refrigerated containers and the sailing distance, thereby achieving a stable power supply for large container ship refrigerated containers.

[0014] In the traditional refrigerated container power supply system, the diesel engine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is sent to the ship's power grid; the ship's power grid is connected to the traditional refrigerated container through lines, so that the ship's power grid provides power supply to the traditional refrigerated container, thereby enabling the traditional refrigerated container to operate normally.

[0015] In the newly added refrigerated container power supply system, the hydrogen fuel tank is connected to the containerized hydrogen battery unit through a pipeline to ensure that the hydrogen fuel is smoothly transported to the fuel cell for chemical reaction and power generation. At the same time, the containerized hydrogen battery unit is connected to the newly added refrigerated container through a line, thereby providing stable and reliable power support for the newly added refrigerated container.

[0016] New refrigerated containers, containerized hydrogen battery units, and hydrogen fuel tanks can all be loaded and unloaded at the port. During loading and unloading, the number of containerized hydrogen battery units that need to be loaded can be determined based on the number of new refrigerated containers and the average operating power of a single refrigerated container, as shown in formula (1):

[0017]

[0018] Among them, N FC —Number of containerized hydrogen battery units, rounded up

[0019] N R2 - New number of refrigerated containers

[0020] P R2 —Average operating power of the refrigerated container, W

[0021] P FC —Rated output power of containerized hydrogen battery unit, W

[0022] Secondly, the voyage time of this route is estimated based on the distance from this port to the next destination port, and the amount of hydrogen fuel required for the new refrigerated container is calculated based on the route time. The number of hydrogen fuel tanks that need to be loaded is determined based on the required amount of hydrogen fuel, as shown in formula (2):

[0023]

[0024] Among them, N H2 —Number of hydrogen fuel tanks, rounded up

[0025] B—Hydrogen fuel consumption of all new refrigerated containers per hour, kg / h

[0026] S—the distance from this port to the next destination port, km

[0027] v—ship speed, km / h

[0028] M—The amount of fuel stored in a single hydrogen fuel tank, kg / unit

[0029] μ—Redundancy coefficient, generally 1.1 to 1.2

[0030] In addition, when a container ship docks at a port, cargo is loaded and unloaded. If the refrigerated containers in Area I can meet the refrigerated container transportation requirements of the port, the hydrogen fuel tanks and containerized hydrogen battery units in Area II can all be unloaded; if the refrigerated containers in Area I cannot meet the refrigerated container transportation requirements of the port, the required number of hydrogen fuel tanks and containerized hydrogen battery units can be calculated according to the above calculation method, and the corresponding number of hydrogen fuel tanks and containerized hydrogen battery units can be loaded on Area II of the ship.

[0031] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0032] 1. When a large container ship exceeds the existing refrigerated container space, the present invention provides power for the newly added refrigerated containers through the containerized hydrogen battery unit, thereby solving the problem of power supply difficulty when there are too many refrigerated containers during operation of a large container ship, and has good economy and practicality.

[0033] 2. The present invention adopts a modular design for newly added refrigerated containers, hydrogen fuel tanks and containerized hydrogen battery units. When the ship docks, a corresponding number of hydrogen fuel tanks and containerized hydrogen battery units can be loaded according to the number of newly added refrigerated containers and the distance to the next destination port, which has good flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the power supply system of a traditional refrigerated container;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a newly added diagram of the power supply system for the refrigerated container;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a front view of the distribution of reefer containers on a ship;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a top view of the distribution of reefer containers on a ship;

[0038] In the attached figure: 1. Traditional refrigerated container; 2. New refrigerated container; 3. Hydrogen fuel tank container; 4. Containerized hydrogen battery unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] A large container ship refrigerated box uses a hydrogen fuel cell box power supply system, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the system includes: a traditional refrigerated box power supply system and a newly added refrigerated box power supply system.

[0041] The traditional refrigerated container power supply system includes: a traditional refrigerated container 1, a diesel engine 5, a generator 6, and a ship power grid.

[0042] The newly added refrigerated container power supply system includes: a newly added refrigerated container 2, a hydrogen fuel tank box 3, and a containerized hydrogen battery unit 4.

[0043] In the traditional refrigerated container power supply system, the diesel engine 5 and the generator 6 are connected via a transmission shaft to form a diesel generator set; the generator 6 is connected to the ship's power grid through a line; the traditional refrigerated container 1 is connected to the ship's power grid through a line; wherein, the diesel engine 5 drives the generator 6 to generate electricity, and sends the generated electricity to the ship's power grid; the traditional refrigerated container 1 is connected to the ship's power grid through a line, so that the ship's power grid provides power supply for the traditional refrigerated container 1. The traditional refrigerated container 1 refers to a refrigerated container with a fixed position on a container ship and powered by the ship's power grid. The position of the traditional refrigerated container 1 is usually determined according to the position of the power socket, and is usually set on the deck or in the cargo hold, such as Figure 3 , 4 Shown in zone I.

[0044] In the power supply system for the newly added refrigerated container, the hydrogen fuel tank 3 is connected to the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 through a pipeline; the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 is connected to the newly added refrigerated container 2 through a line. The hydrogen fuel tank 3 is connected to the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 through a pipeline to transport fuel to the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4. At the same time, the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 is connected to the newly added refrigerated container 2 through a line to provide power support for the newly added refrigerated container 2. The newly added refrigerated container 2 refers to a refrigerated container in which the refrigerated container loaded on the ship exceeds the inherent refrigerated container position. The containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 includes a container and an internal hydrogen fuel cell and an electrical processing device. After the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell enters the electrical processing device, the electrical processing device processes the generated electric energy, so that the processed electric energy can be directly used for the newly added container 2. Due to the flammable and explosive nature of hydrogen fuel, in order to ensure the safety of the ship during navigation, the hydrogen fuel tank 3 and the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 must be installed on a deck with good ventilation, such as Figure 3 , 4 Shown in zone II.

[0045] The second object of the present invention is to propose a method for powering a large container ship refrigerated box using a hydrogen fuel cell box based on the above-mentioned large container ship refrigerated box power supply system. The purpose of this method is to load a corresponding number of container-type hydrogen battery units 4 and hydrogen fuel tanks 3 according to the number of ship refrigerated boxes and the sailing distance, so as to achieve a stable power supply for large container ship refrigerated boxes. The specific method is as follows:

[0046] In the traditional refrigerated container power supply system, after the traditional refrigerated container 1 is loaded at the port, the diesel engine 5 drives the generator 6 to generate electricity, and the generated electric energy is sent to the ship's power grid; the ship's power grid is connected to the traditional refrigerated container 1 through the line, so that the ship's power grid provides the traditional refrigerated container 1 with the required electricity to ensure its normal operation.

[0047] In the newly added refrigerated box power supply system, the hydrogen fuel tank 3 is connected to the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 through a pipeline to ensure that the hydrogen fuel is smoothly transported to the inside of the fuel cell for chemical reaction. At the same time, the electricity generated by the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 is transmitted to the newly added refrigerated box 2 through the line, thereby providing stable and reliable power support for the newly added refrigerated box 2.

[0048] The newly added refrigerated containers 2, hydrogen fuel tanks 3 and containerized hydrogen battery units 4 can all be loaded and unloaded at the port. During loading and unloading, the number of containerized hydrogen battery units 4 that need to be loaded can be determined based on the number of newly added refrigerated containers 2 and the average operating power of a single refrigerated container, as shown in formula (1):

[0049]

[0050] Among them, N FC —Number of containerized hydrogen battery units, rounded up

[0051] N R2 - New number of refrigerated containers

[0052] P R2 —Average operating power of the refrigerated container, W

[0053] P FC —Rated output power of containerized hydrogen battery unit, W

[0054] Secondly, the voyage time of this route is estimated based on the distance from this port to the next destination port, and the amount of hydrogen fuel required for the newly added refrigerated container 2 is calculated based on the route time. The number of hydrogen fuel tanks 3 that need to be loaded is determined based on the required amount of hydrogen fuel, as shown in formula (2):

[0055]

[0056] Among them, N H2 —Number of hydrogen fuel tanks, rounded up

[0057] B—Hydrogen fuel consumption of all new refrigerated containers per hour, kg / h

[0058] S—the distance from this port to the next destination port, km

[0059] v—ship speed, km / h

[0060] M—The amount of fuel stored in a single hydrogen fuel tank, kg / unit

[0061] μ—Redundancy coefficient, generally 1.1 to 1.2

[0062] Among them, the surplus coefficient μ can select an appropriate value according to the route distance. Generally, the longer the route, the smaller the surplus coefficient; the shorter the route, the larger the surplus coefficient.

[0063] The present invention adopts a modular design for the newly added refrigerated containers 2, hydrogen fuel tanks 3 and containerized hydrogen battery units 4. When the ship is docked, the required hydrogen fuel tanks 3 and containerized hydrogen battery units 4 can be increased or decreased accordingly according to the number of newly added refrigerated containers 2 and the distance to the next destination port. Specifically, when the container ship is docked, cargo loading and unloading is carried out. If the refrigerated containers in area I can meet the refrigerated container transportation requirements of the port, the hydrogen fuel tanks 3 and containerized hydrogen battery units 4 in area II can be unloaded; if the refrigerated containers in area I cannot meet the refrigerated container transportation requirements of the port, the number of required hydrogen fuel tanks 3 and containerized hydrogen battery units 4 can be calculated according to the above method, and the corresponding number of hydrogen fuel tanks 3 and containerized hydrogen battery units 4 can be loaded on the ship.

[0064] In actual navigation, the scope of Zone I and Zone II is not fixed. When the number of refrigerated containers to be transported is too large, and the transportation volume of ordinary cargo containers of the ship happens to be small, there are more remaining container spaces in Zone I of the ship. At this time, part of the area on the deck of Zone I can be used to load the newly added refrigerated containers 2 and the corresponding hydrogen fuel tanks 3 and containerized hydrogen battery units 4.

[0065] The transportation of refrigerated containers on container ships is greatly affected by seasonality. In certain seasons, there may be transportation service requirements for too many refrigerated containers. For example, the "Cherry Express" departs from Chile and finally arrives in Shanghai. During the cherry harvest season in Chile, the container ship needs to transport a huge number of refrigerated containers filled with fresh cherries. In this season, all the refrigerated container slots of container ships are often full, and the container ships are unable to load refrigerated containers that exceed the existing refrigerated container slots due to their limited power burden. Therefore, under the background of excessive demand for refrigerated container transportation, container ships have a serious shortage of refrigerated container transportation capacity. The present invention provides power for the newly added refrigerated containers 2 of large container ships that exceed the existing refrigerated container slots through the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4, so that the container ship can load more refrigerated containers, which has good economy and market response capabilities.

[0066] like Figure 3 , 4As shown in , there are four main types of containers in Area II, namely, containers A, B, C, and D represent ordinary cargo containers, newly added refrigerated containers 2, hydrogen fuel tank containers 3, and containerized hydrogen battery units 4. In the actual loading process, the positions of containers A, B, C, and D in Area II are random. The specific meaning is: the newly added refrigerated container 2 in Area II does not need to be set in the inherent refrigerated container position like the traditional refrigerated container 1 in Area I, but only needs to be arranged nearby according to the position of a containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 that supplies power to it. In addition, since the hydrogen fuel tank container 3 needs to provide fuel for the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4, the hydrogen fuel tank container 3 also only needs to be arranged in a position close to the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4. The position of the containerized hydrogen battery unit 4 in Area II is random, so the positions of ordinary cargo containers, newly added refrigerated containers 2, hydrogen fuel tank containers 3, and containerized hydrogen battery units 4 in Area II are random.

[0067] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large container ship refrigerated box using a hydrogen fuel cell box power supply system, characterized in that: The system includes a conventional refrigerated container (1), a newly added refrigerated container (2), a hydrogen fuel tank (3), a containerized hydrogen battery unit (4), a diesel engine (5), and a generator (6). The hydrogen fuel tank box (3) is connected to the container-type hydrogen battery unit (4) through a pipeline; the container-type hydrogen battery unit (4) is connected to the newly added cold storage box (2) through a line. The diesel engine (5) and the generator (6) are connected via a transmission shaft to form a diesel generator set; the generator (6) is connected to the ship's power grid via a line; and the conventional refrigerator (1) is connected to the ship's power grid via a line.

2. A large container ship refrigerated box power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell box as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The container-type hydrogen battery unit (4) comprises a container and a hydrogen fuel cell and an electrical processing device therein; the container-type hydrogen battery unit (4) is used to supply power to a newly added refrigerated container (2); and the hydrogen fuel tank box (3) is used to provide fuel to the hydrogen fuel cell in the container-type hydrogen battery unit (4).

3. A large container ship refrigerated box power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell box as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The conventional refrigerated container (1) is arranged on a ship deck or in a cargo hold, and the newly added refrigerated container (2), the hydrogen fuel tank box (3), and the container-type hydrogen battery unit (4) are arranged on the ship deck.

4. A method for powering a large container ship refrigerated box using a hydrogen fuel cell box based on the system of claim 1, characterized in that: When the newly added refrigerated containers (2), hydrogen fuel tanks (3) and containerized hydrogen battery units (4) are loaded and unloaded at the port, the number of containerized hydrogen battery units (4) to be loaded is first determined based on the number of newly added refrigerated containers (2) and the average operating power of a single refrigerated container, as shown in formula (1): Among them, N FC —Number of containerized hydrogen battery units, rounded up N R2 - New number of refrigerated containers P R2 —Average operating power of the refrigerated container, W P FC —Rated output power of containerized hydrogen battery unit, W Secondly, the voyage time of this route is estimated based on the distance from this port to the next destination port, and the amount of hydrogen fuel required for the newly added refrigerated container (2) is calculated based on the route time. The number of hydrogen fuel tanks (3) that need to be loaded is determined based on the required amount of hydrogen fuel, as shown in formula (2): Among them, N H2 —Number of hydrogen fuel tanks, rounded up B—Hydrogen fuel consumption of all new refrigerated containers per hour, kg / h S—the distance from this port to the next destination port, km v—ship speed, km / h M—The amount of fuel stored in a single hydrogen fuel tank, kg / unit μ—Redundancy coefficient, generally between 1.1 and 1.

2.

5. A method for powering a large container ship refrigerated box using a hydrogen fuel cell box according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the container ship docks at the port, cargo is loaded and unloaded. When the refrigerated containers in zone I can meet the refrigerated container transportation requirements of the port, the hydrogen fuel tanks (3) and containerized hydrogen battery units (4) in zone II can all be unloaded. When the refrigerated containers in zone I cannot meet the refrigerated container transportation requirements of the port, the number of required hydrogen fuel tanks (3) and containerized hydrogen battery units (4) can be calculated according to the above method, and the corresponding number of hydrogen fuel tanks (3) and containerized hydrogen battery units (4) can be loaded on the ship.

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