Battery protection system and electric scooter

Abstract

The invention provides a battery protection system and an electric scooter, the battery protection system comprises a charging and discharging loop of a battery, a first control circuit, a second control circuit, a first protection module, a second protection module and a third protection module, and the first control circuit is electrically coupled with the first protection module and the battery. And controlling the first protection module to disconnect the charging and discharging loop so as to stop charging and discharging of the battery. The second control circuit is electrically coupled with the second protection module, the third protection module and the battery, and when the charging and discharging process of the battery fails and the first protection module does not disconnect the charging and discharging loop, the second protection module and the third protection module are controlled to disconnect the charging and discharging loop, so that the battery stops charging and discharging. The first protection module, the second protection module and the third protection module are controlled through the first control circuit and the second control circuit, so that double protection on the battery is realized, charging and discharging can be stopped in time when the battery breaks down, and the safety of the battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery management, and in particular to a battery protection system and an electric scooter. Background Art

[0002] Electric scooters usually have batteries inside to power the scooters. When the battery has a fault condition such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent or overtemperature, it will cause damage to the battery, and in severe cases, it may cause the battery to explode, posing a safety risk to users of electric scooters.

[0003] Therefore, how to ensure that the faulty battery can stop charging and discharging in time to reduce the potential safety hazards of the battery is an issue that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a battery protection system and an electric scooter to solve or partially solve the above problems.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, in a first aspect, the present application provides a battery protection system, including a charge and discharge circuit of the battery, a first control circuit and a second control circuit, wherein a first protection module, a second protection module and a third protection module are provided in the charge and discharge circuit.

[0006] The first control circuit is electrically coupled to the first protection module and the battery respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charging and discharging process of the battery, control the first protection module to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging;

[0007] The second control circuit is electrically coupled to the second protection module, the third protection module and the battery, respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charge and discharge process of the battery and the first protection module does not disconnect the charge and discharge circuit, control the second protection module and the third protection module to disconnect the charge and discharge circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging.

[0008] In a second aspect of the present application, an electric scooter is provided, comprising the battery protection system as described in the first aspect.

[0009] As can be seen from the above, the battery protection system and electric scooter provided by the present application include a battery charging and discharging circuit, a first control circuit and a second control circuit, a first protection module, a second protection module and a third protection module are arranged in the charging and discharging circuit, and the first control circuit is electrically coupled to the first protection module and the battery, respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charging and discharging process of the battery, control the first protection module to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging. The second control circuit is electrically coupled to the second protection module, the third protection module and the battery, respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charging and discharging process of the battery and the first protection module does not disconnect the charging and discharging circuit, control the second protection module and the third protection module to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging. The first control circuit and the second control circuit control the first protection module, the second protection module and the third protection module, thereby realizing dual protection of the battery, and the charging and discharging can be stopped in time when the battery fails, which is conducive to improving the safety of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an exemplary electric scooter according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0012] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of an exemplary battery protection system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0013] Figure 3 A flow chart of an exemplary control method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0014] Figure 4 A flow chart of an exemplary control method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should be the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present application belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the embodiments of the present application do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Including" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing in front of the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0017] As mentioned above, electric scooters usually have batteries inside to power the electric scooters. When the battery has a fault state such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent or overtemperature, it will cause damage to the battery, which may cause the battery to explode, posing a safety risk to users of electric scooters.

[0018] Therefore, how to ensure that the faulty battery can stop charging and discharging in time to reduce the potential safety hazards of the battery is an issue that needs to be solved urgently.

[0019] In order to at least solve the above problems, the present application provides a battery protection system and an electric scooter, including a battery charging and discharging circuit, a first control circuit and a second control circuit, wherein a first protection module, a second protection module and a third protection module are arranged in the charging and discharging circuit, and the first control circuit is electrically coupled to the first protection module and the battery, respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charging and discharging process of the battery, control the first protection module to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging. The second control circuit is electrically coupled to the second protection module, the third protection module and the battery, respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charging and discharging process of the battery and the first protection module does not disconnect the charging and discharging circuit, control the second protection module and the third protection module to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging. The first control circuit and the second control circuit control the first protection module, the second protection module and the third protection module, thereby realizing dual protection of the battery, and the charging and discharging can be stopped in time when the battery fails, which is conducive to improving the safety of the battery.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an exemplary electric scooter 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the electric scooter 100 may include a front frame 102, a footboard 104, a front wheel 106 and a rear wheel 108. The footboard 104 has a substantially flat surface for a user to stand on, the footboard 104 extends longitudinally, the front end of the footboard 104 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the front frame 102, and the rear end supports and connects the rear wheel 108. The front frame 102 is substantially erected on the footboard 104, the front wheel 106 is arranged at the end of the front frame 102, and a handle 110 is arranged on the top of the front frame 102 for the user to hold, and the front wheel 106 is driven to change direction by turning the handle 110, thereby controlling the driving direction of the electric scooter 100. The electric scooter 100 may also include a brake mechanism, which can cut off the driving source of the electric scooter 100 and brake when emergency braking is required, thereby quickly stopping the electric scooter 100.

[0022] In a specific riding scenario, the user stands on the foot pedal 104 and holds the handlebars 110 with both hands to control the forward direction and balance of the electric scooter 100. When braking in an emergency, the user will trigger the brake mechanism urgently. Due to the different operation methods of the brake mechanism, different operation times, operation comfort and braking experience will be caused. For example, when the front wheel brake is used, since the rear wheel still maintains the running speed before braking, it will bring a sense of diving at high speed, and the operator's body will also lean forward, and most of the weight will act on the front frame through the handlebars.

[0023] In order to ensure the flexibility of the braking operation and the reliability of the braking mechanism, in some embodiments, the braking mechanism includes a hand brake assembly 112 and a foot brake assembly 114. The hand brake assembly 112 is arranged on the handle 110, and the hand used to operate the handle 110 can simultaneously operate the hand brake assembly 112, which has high operational flexibility and sensitive response. The foot brake assembly 114 is arranged on the foot pedal 104, including a brake plate protruding from the upper surface of the foot pedal 104, which is used to step on the brake plate to trigger the foot brake assembly 114 to brake the electric scooter 100.

[0024] The electric scooter 100 is powered by direct current and may further include a battery for storing electrical energy, the battery being housed in the footboard 104. In some embodiments, the battery may be a lithium-ion battery.

[0025] Figure 2 FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of an exemplary battery protection system 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the battery protection system 200 may include a battery 202 and a circuit for protecting the battery 202. The battery protection system 200 may be applied to the electric scooter 100. More specifically, the battery protection system 200 may be housed in the footboard 104.

[0026] The battery protection system 200 may include a charge and discharge circuit 204 of a battery 202, a first control circuit 206, and a second control circuit 208. In some embodiments, a first protection module 210, a second protection module 212, and a third protection module 220 may be provided in the charge and discharge circuit 204. The positive electrode of the battery 202 is connected to the positive discharge terminal and the positive charge terminal of the charge and discharge circuit 204, respectively, and the negative electrode of the battery 202 is connected to the negative charge and discharge terminal of the charge and discharge circuit 204.

[0027] The first control circuit 206 can be electrically coupled to the first protection module 210 and the battery 202 respectively. In some embodiments, in response to a failure in the charging and discharging process of the battery 202, the first control circuit 206 can control the first protection module 210 to disconnect the charging and discharging loop 204 so that the battery 202 stops charging and discharging.

[0028] The second control circuit 208 can be electrically coupled to the second protection module 212, the third protection module 220 and the battery 202, respectively. In some embodiments, in response to a fault in the charging and discharging process of the battery 202 and the first protection module 210 not disconnecting the charging and discharging loop 204, the second control circuit 208 can control the second protection module 212 and the third protection module 220 to disconnect the charging and discharging loop 204, so that the battery 202 stops charging and discharging.

[0029] When the first control circuit fails to control the first protection module to disconnect the charge and discharge circuit, the second control circuit controls the second protection module to disconnect the charge and discharge circuit, forming a double protection for the battery, thereby enhancing the reliability of battery protection. When the first control circuit cannot disconnect the charge and discharge circuit in time to stop the charge and discharge of the battery due to a fault, the second control circuit can also protect the battery, greatly reducing the safety risk during the use of the battery.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the first protection module 210 may include a first transistor 2102, the second protection module 212 may include a second transistor 2122, the charge-discharge loop 204 may include a charging branch 2042, and the first and second electrodes of the first and second transistors 2102 and 2122 are both electrically coupled to the charging branch 2042. The charge-discharge loop 204 may also include a discharging branch 2044.

[0031] The first control circuit 206 can be electrically coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor 2102. In some embodiments, in the charging state, in response to a failure of the battery 202, the first control circuit 206 can control the first transistor 2102 to disconnect the charging branch 2042 so that the battery 202 stops charging.

[0032] The second control circuit 208 can be electrically coupled to the control electrode of the second transistor 2122. In some embodiments, in the charging state, in response to a fault in the battery 202 and the first transistor 2102 not disconnecting the charging branch 2042, the second control circuit 208 can control the second transistor 2122 to disconnect the charging branch 2042 so that the battery 202 stops charging.

[0033] The first control circuit and the second control circuit respectively control the first transistor and the second transistor on the charging branch. When the first control circuit fails and cannot control the first transistor to disconnect the charging branch, the second control circuit can also control the second transistor to disconnect the charging branch. In this way, the safety risk in the battery charging process is reduced through double protection. At the same time, since the charging and discharging circuits include the charging branch and the discharging branch respectively, after the charging branch is disconnected, the battery can still supply power to the electric scooter through the discharging branch. This ensures the priority of users in using the electric scooter and will not affect the user experience of the product.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery protection system 200 may also include a third control circuit 214 electrically coupled to the first control circuit 206, and the third control circuit 214 may be electrically coupled to the control electrode of the second transistor 2122. In some embodiments, in the charging state, in response to a fault in the battery 202 and the first transistor 2102 not disconnecting the charging branch 2042, the second control circuit 208 may control the second transistor 2122 to disconnect the charging branch 2042 so that the battery 202 stops charging.

[0035] In the second protection of the battery charging process, the third control circuit can also be used to control the second transistor to disconnect the charging branch. In this way, the second control circuit and the third control circuit simultaneously control the second transistor, which can further ensure that the charging branch can be disconnected, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0036] It is understandable that the present application only takes the second control circuit and the third control circuit simultaneously controlling the second transistor to disconnect the charging branch as an example. However, the technical solution of selecting one of the second control circuit and the third control circuit to control the second transistor to disconnect the charging branch should also fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the first protection module 210 may further include a third transistor 2104, the charge-discharge circuit 204 may further include a discharge branch 2044, and the first electrode and the second electrode of the third transistor 2104 are both electrically coupled to the discharge branch 2044. The first control circuit 206 may be electrically coupled to the control electrode of the third transistor 2104. In some embodiments, in the discharge state, in response to a failure of the battery 202, the first control circuit 206 may control the third transistor 2104 to disconnect the discharge branch 2044, so that the battery 202 stops discharging. In this way, when a battery fails in the discharge state, the third transistor on the discharge branch can be controlled by the first control circuit to disconnect the discharge branch, thereby reducing the safety risk caused by continuing to use the battery when the battery fails.

[0038] When the first control circuit 206 fails to disconnect the discharge branch by controlling the third transistor 2104, the possibility of the first control circuit 206 controlling the third transistor 2104 to disconnect again is low. In this case, the safety risk caused by the battery failure cannot be effectively avoided. Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a fuse can be set in the charge-discharge circuit 204. When the first control circuit 206 fails to disconnect the discharge branch 2044 by controlling the third transistor 2104, the charge-discharge circuit 204 can be disconnected by controlling the fuse, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of safety problems when the battery 202 fails. The fuse can be a three-terminal fuse.

[0039] It can be understood that the fuse is set in the charging and discharging circuit 204 to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit 204, and can also be set in the charging branch 2042 and / or the discharging branch 2044, so that when the first control circuit 206 cannot control the first transistor 2102 to disconnect the charging branch 2042, the charging branch 2042 is disconnected by the fuse; or, when the first control circuit 206 cannot control the third transistor 2104 to disconnect the discharging branch 2044, the discharging branch 2044 is disconnected by the fuse.

[0040] Since the discharge current is generally large in the discharge state, in order to further improve the safety of the battery in the discharge state, such as Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the second protection module 212 may further include a three-terminal fuse 2124 and a fourth transistor 2126 electrically coupled to the control terminal of the three-terminal fuse 2124, the first terminal and the second terminal of the three-terminal fuse 2124 are both electrically coupled to the charge and discharge circuit 204, the charge and discharge circuit 204 is electrically coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 202 through the first terminal of the three-terminal fuse 2124, the first electrode of the fourth transistor 2126 is connected to the control terminal of the three-terminal fuse 2124, and the second electrode of the fourth transistor 2126 is connected to the ground terminal (GND). The second control circuit 208 may be electrically coupled to the control electrode of the fourth transistor 2126, and in some embodiments, in the discharge state, in response to a fault in the battery 202 and the third transistor 2104 not disconnecting the discharge branch 2044, the second control circuit 208 may control the fourth transistor 2126 to disconnect the three-terminal fuse 2124, so that the battery stops discharging. In this way, if the first control circuit does not control the third transistor to disconnect the discharge branch, the second control circuit can also blow the three-terminal fuse to disconnect the charge and discharge circuit, thereby avoiding the problem that the user continues to use the faulty battery and endangers personal safety.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the third control circuit 214 can be electrically coupled to the control electrode of the fourth transistor 2126. In some embodiments, in the discharge state, in response to a fault in the battery 202 and the third transistor 2104 not disconnecting the discharge branch 2044, the third control circuit 214 can control the fourth transistor 2126 to disconnect the discharge branch 2044 so that the battery 202 stops discharging.

[0042] In the second level of protection during the battery discharge process, the third control circuit can also be used to control the fourth transistor to disconnect the three-terminal fuse. In this way, by controlling the fourth transistor by the second control circuit and the third control circuit at the same time, it can be further ensured that the three-terminal fuse can be disconnected, avoiding the problem of being unable to achieve control due to a failure of the second control circuit or the third control circuit, thereby ensuring that the discharge can be stopped when the battery fails, and improving the safety of the battery.

[0043] It is understandable that the present application only takes the second control circuit and the third control circuit simultaneously controlling the fourth transistor to disconnect the three-terminal fuse as an example. However, the technical solution of selecting one of the second control circuit and the third control circuit to control the fourth transistor to disconnect the three-terminal fuse should also fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0044] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the charging branch 2042 may also include a fifth transistor 218 for preventing reverse connection, the first and second electrodes of the fifth transistor 218 are electrically coupled to the charging branch 2042, and the first electrode of the fifth transistor 218 is connected to the positive charging terminal of the charging branch 2042. The third control circuit 214 may be electrically coupled to the control electrode of the fifth transistor 218. In some embodiments, in response to the voltage input to the positive charging terminal being in the normal voltage range, the third control circuit 214 may control the fifth transistor 218 to turn on the charging branch 2042. The normal voltage range may be a voltage range set by engineers according to the properties of the battery so that the battery can operate normally. When the positive charging terminal is connected to the power supply and the voltage input to the positive charging terminal is in the normal voltage range, the third control circuit may control the fifth transistor to turn on, thereby charging the battery. By setting the fifth transistor, it is avoided that when the circuit attempts to reverse power supply for some reason (for example, the power supply polarity is reversed), the positive charging terminal inputs a voltage within the abnormal normal working range of the battery, and the fifth transistor will be cut off, thereby cutting off the current and preventing the components in the circuit from being damaged by the reverse voltage. In some embodiments, the second control circuit 208 may send a control signal 2142 to the fifth transistor 218 to control the turning on and off of the fifth transistor 218 .

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the second protection module 212 may further include a resistor 2128, and the control end of the three-terminal fuse 2124 may be electrically coupled to the first electrode of the fourth transistor 2126 through the resistor 2128. In this way, the current flowing through the fourth transistor may be limited by the resistor 2128 connected to the fourth transistor, thereby preventing the fourth transistor from being damaged by excessive current.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the second protection module 212 may further include a resistor 2130, and the control electrode of the fourth transistor 2126 may be connected to the ground terminal through the resistor 2130. In this way, the resistor 2130 may absorb the peak voltage generated by the fourth transistor, thereby protecting the fourth transistor from damage.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first control circuit 206 may be an analog front end (AFE) chip, and the third control circuit 214 may be a microcontroller unit (MCU). Figure 2As shown, when the first control circuit 206 controls the first protection module 210, in some embodiments, in response to a failure of the battery 202, the first control circuit 206 may send a first control signal to the first protection module 210. Since the AFE chip can output a higher voltage, the first control signal output by the first control circuit may have a stronger driving capability, thereby improving the reliability of controlling the first protection module.

[0048] For transistors that need to be controlled by the first control circuit 206 (for example, the first transistor 2102, the second transistor 2122 and the third transistor 2104), since the control of the transistors requires a higher voltage, the reliability of the control transistors can be improved by outputting control signals with stronger driving capabilities through an AFE chip that can output a higher voltage.

[0049] When the second control circuit 208 controls the second protection module 212 , in some embodiments, in response to a failure of the battery 202 , the second control circuit 208 may send a second control signal to the second protection module 212 .

[0050] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an exemplary control method 300 according to an embodiment of the present application. The method 300 can control the battery protection system 200 .

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the first control circuit 206 can communicate bidirectionally with the third control circuit 214. In some embodiments, the first control circuit 206 can communicate bidirectionally with the third control circuit 214 via a serial communication protocol (eg, IIC (Inter-Integrated Circuit) protocol).

[0052] In some embodiments, the first control circuit 206 may collect first state data 302 of the battery 202. The first state data 302 includes at least one of the temperature, voltage, and current of the battery 202. The first control circuit 206 may send the first state data 302 to the third control circuit 214, and the third control circuit 214 compares the first state data 302 with a pre-configured fault threshold, thereby determining whether the battery 202 has a fault based on the first state data 302. In response to the battery 202 having a fault, such as Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the third control circuit 214 may send a first signal 306 indicating that the battery 202 has failed to the first control circuit 206. The first control circuit 206 may be an AFE chip, the third control circuit 214 may be an MCU chip, and the second control circuit 208 may be an AFE chip or other chips that can implement control. In this way, since the MCU chip can run more complex algorithms and process more complex tasks, the first state data is sent to the MCU chip for complex data processing, which can improve the accuracy of data processing.

[0053] When the third control circuit 214 compares the first state data 302 with the fault threshold, in some embodiments, in response to the current of the battery 202 being greater than or equal to the first current threshold, the third control circuit 214 may determine that the battery 202 has failed; or, in response to the voltage of the battery 202 being greater than or equal to the first voltage threshold, the third control circuit 214 may determine that the battery 202 has failed; or, in response to the temperature of the battery 202 being greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the third control circuit 214 may determine that the battery 202 has failed. If the safety threshold is exceeded, the third control circuit 214 may send a first signal 306 to the first control circuit 206. As an optional embodiment, the third state data of the battery 202 may also be collected by the third control circuit 214, and the third state data may include at least one of the temperature, voltage and current of the battery 202, and whether the battery 202 has failed is determined according to the third state data.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, when the battery 202 fails in the charging state, the first control circuit 206 can send a control signal 2062 to the first transistor 2102, thereby turning off the first transistor 2102 to disconnect the charging branch 2042. When the battery 202 fails in the discharging state, the first control circuit 206 can send a control signal 2064 to the third transistor 2104, thereby turning off the third transistor 2104 to disconnect the discharging branch 2044. In this way, a layer of protection for the battery 202 is achieved.

[0055] The first control circuit 206 can collect the status data of the battery 202 in real time and send it to the third control circuit 214. In some embodiments, the third control circuit 214 can also be configured in advance for determining that the fault of the battery 202 has been eliminated. When the third control circuit 214 determines that the current, voltage or temperature of the battery 202 is less than or equal to the threshold value by comparing the threshold value of the fault elimination, it can send a fault elimination signal to the first control circuit 206. Furthermore, in the charging state, the first control circuit 206 can send a control signal to the first transistor 2102 to turn on the first transistor 2102 and thus turn on the charging branch 2042. In the discharging state, the first control circuit 206 can send a control signal to the third transistor 2104, so as to turn on the third transistor 2104 to turn on the discharging branch 2044. In this way, the control mechanism of the transistor is configured in advance by the third control circuit 214, and the turning on or off of the transistor can be flexibly controlled.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the second control circuit 208 may collect the second state data 304 of the battery 202, and the second state data 304 may include at least one of the temperature, voltage and current of the battery 202. And the second control circuit 208 may determine whether the battery 202 fails according to the collected second state data 304. In some embodiments, the second control circuit 208 may compare the second state data 304 with a pre-configured fault threshold, and in response to the current of the battery 202 being greater than or equal to the second current threshold, the second control circuit 208 may determine that the battery 202 fails; or, in response to the voltage of the battery 202 being greater than or equal to the second voltage threshold, the second control circuit 208 may determine that the battery 202 fails; or, in response to the temperature of the battery 202 being greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the second control circuit 208 may determine that the battery 202 fails.

[0057] If the battery 202 fails and the first control circuit 206 cannot control the transistor to shut down, the battery 202 continues to be used. Therefore, when configuring the threshold of the second control circuit 208, in some embodiments, the second current threshold can be set to be greater than the first current threshold, the second voltage threshold can be greater than the first voltage threshold, and the second temperature threshold can be set to be greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0058] In this way, the second control circuit can detect the battery status in real time, so that when the first control circuit fails and cannot control the transistor to shut down, protective measures can be taken in time, greatly reducing the safety risks caused by battery failure. At the same time, since the status data collected by the second control circuit does not need to be transmitted to the third control circuit for processing, the performance requirements for the second control circuit do not need to be too high, thereby reducing the cost of the battery protection system. Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, in the charging state, if the first transistor 2102 does not disconnect the charging branch 2042, the second control circuit 208 can send a control signal 2082 to the second transistor 2122 to turn off the second transistor 2122 so as to disconnect the charging branch 2042 in time. In the discharging state, if the third transistor 2104 does not disconnect the discharging branch 2044, the second control circuit 208 can send a control signal 2084 to the fourth transistor 2126 to control the three-terminal fuse 2124 to melt so as to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit 204 in time. In this way, double protection of the battery 202 is achieved. At the same time, the second control circuit 208 makes a judgment based on a pre-configured fault threshold, without the need for software development, saving the cost of software development.

[0059] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application only takes the failure of the first control circuit to achieve the first level of protection of the battery as an example. However, the failure to achieve the first level of protection of the battery may also include reasons such as the failure of the third control circuit and the inability to perform fault judgment, and the present application is not limited thereto. Since the control circuit that fails cannot be determined, in the double protection setting, the first control circuit 206, the third control circuit 214 and the second control circuit 208 may be set to jointly control the second transistor 2122, and the second control circuit 208 and the third control circuit 214 may be set to jointly control the fourth transistor 2126, thereby enhancing the reliability of the control transistor shutoff in the double protection. As an optional embodiment, the control of the fifth transistor 218 may be controlled by one or more of the first control circuit 206, the second control circuit 208 and the third control circuit 214.

[0060] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an exemplary control method 400 according to an embodiment of the present application. The method 400 can control the battery protection system 200 .

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the second control circuit 208 can be electrically coupled to the third control circuit 214, so as to achieve bidirectional communication through a serial communication protocol. The second control circuit 208 can send the second state data 304 to the third control circuit 214, and then the third control circuit 214 can determine whether the battery 202 fails according to the second state data 304 based on a pre-configured fault threshold. In response to the battery 202 failing, the third control circuit 214 can send a second signal 402 indicating that the battery 202 has failed to the second control circuit 208. In this way, the third control circuit 214 performs complex data processing, which can improve the accuracy of data processing.

[0062] The present application provides a battery protection system and an electric scooter, including a battery charging and discharging circuit, a first control circuit and a second control circuit, wherein a first protection module, a second protection module and a third protection module are arranged in the charging and discharging circuit, and the first control circuit is electrically coupled to the first protection module and the battery, respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charging and discharging process of the battery, control the first protection module to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging. The second control circuit is electrically coupled to the second protection module, the third protection module and the battery, respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charging and discharging process of the battery and the first protection module does not disconnect the charging and discharging circuit, control the second protection module and the third protection module to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging. The first control circuit and the second control circuit control the first protection module, the second protection module and the third protection module, thereby realizing dual protection of the battery, and the charging and discharging can be stopped in time when the battery fails, which is conducive to improving the safety of the battery.

[0063] It should be noted that the method of the embodiment of the present application can be performed by a single device, such as a computer or server. The method of this embodiment can also be applied to a distributed scenario and completed by multiple devices cooperating with each other. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices can only perform one or more steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the described method.

[0064] It should be noted that the above describes some embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0065] A person skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present application (including the claims) is limited to these examples. In line with the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0066] In addition, to simplify the description and discussion, and in order not to make the embodiments of the present application difficult to understand, the known power / ground connections to the integrated circuit (IC) chip and other components may or may not be shown in the provided drawings. In addition, the device may be shown in the form of a block diagram to avoid making the embodiments of the present application difficult to understand, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the platform on which the embodiments of the present application are to be implemented (that is, these details should be fully within the scope of understanding of those skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of the present application, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented without these specific details or with changes in these specific details. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0067] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present application, many alternatives, modifications and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the discussed embodiments.

[0068] The embodiments of the present application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery protection system, characterized in that: It includes a charge and discharge circuit of the battery, a first control circuit and a second control circuit, wherein a first protection module, a second protection module and a third protection module are arranged in the charge and discharge circuit. The first control circuit is electrically coupled to the first protection module and the battery respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charging and discharging process of the battery, control the first protection module to disconnect the charging and discharging circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging; The second control circuit is electrically coupled to the second protection module, the third protection module and the battery, respectively, and is configured to: in response to a failure in the charge and discharge process of the battery and the first protection module does not disconnect the charge and discharge circuit, control the second protection module and the third protection module to disconnect the charge and discharge circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The first protection module includes a first transistor, the second protection module includes a second transistor, the charge-discharge circuit includes a charging branch, and the first and second electrodes of the first and second transistors are electrically coupled to the charging branch. The first control circuit is electrically coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor, and is configured to: in a charging state, in response to a failure of the battery, control the first transistor to disconnect the charging branch so that the battery stops charging; The second control circuit is electrically coupled to the control electrode of the second transistor and is configured to: in a charging state, in response to a failure of the battery and the first transistor not disconnecting the charging branch, control the second transistor to disconnect the charging branch so that the battery stops charging.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The first protection module includes a third transistor, the charge-discharge circuit includes a discharge branch, and the first electrode and the second electrode of the third transistor are both electrically coupled to the discharge branch; The first control circuit is electrically coupled to the control electrode of the third transistor, and is further configured to: in a discharging state, in response to a failure of the battery, control the third transistor to disconnect the discharging branch so that the battery stops discharging.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The second protection module includes a three-terminal fuse, wherein a first end and a second end of the three-terminal fuse are both electrically coupled to the charge and discharge circuit. The first control and / or second control circuit is further configured to: in response to a failure of the battery and the first protection module not disconnecting the charge and discharge circuit, control the three-terminal fuse to disconnect the charge and discharge circuit so that the battery stops charging and discharging.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The second protection module includes a fourth transistor electrically coupled to the control terminal of the three-terminal fuse, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the control terminal of the three-terminal fuse, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the ground terminal. The second control circuit is electrically coupled to the control electrode of the fourth transistor, and is further configured to: in a discharge state, in response to a failure of the battery and the third transistor not disconnecting the discharge branch, control the fourth transistor to disconnect the three-terminal fuse to stop the battery from discharging.

6. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The system also includes a third control circuit electrically coupled to the first control circuit, and the charging branch also includes a fifth transistor for preventing reverse connection, the first electrode and the second electrode of the fifth transistor are both electrically coupled to the charging branch, and the first electrode of the fifth transistor is connected to the positive charging terminal of the charging branch.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The third control circuit is electrically coupled to the control electrode of the fifth transistor, and is configured to: in response to the voltage input to the positive charging terminal being within a normal voltage range, control the fifth transistor to turn on the charging branch.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The third control circuit is electrically coupled to the control electrode of the second transistor, and is further configured to: in a charging state, in response to a failure of the battery and the first transistor not disconnecting the charging branch, control the second transistor to disconnect the charging branch so that the battery stops charging.

9. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The system further includes a third control circuit electrically coupled to the first control circuit, The third control circuit is electrically coupled to the control electrode of the fourth transistor, and is further configured to: in a discharge state, in response to a failure of the battery and the third transistor not disconnecting the discharge branch, control the fourth transistor to disconnect the three-terminal fuse to stop the battery from discharging.

10. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The first control circuit is further configured as: collecting first state data of the battery, wherein the first state data includes at least one of a temperature, a voltage, and a current of the battery; The first state data is sent to the third control circuit.

11. The system according to claim 10, characterized in that The third control circuit is further configured as: determining whether the battery fails based on the first status data; In response to the battery failure, a first signal indicating the battery failure is sent to the first control circuit.

12. The system according to claim 10, characterized in that The third control circuit is further configured as: collecting third state data of the battery, wherein the third state data includes at least one of a temperature, a voltage, and a current of the battery; Determine whether the battery fails according to the first status data and / or the third status data; In response to a current of the battery being greater than or equal to a first current threshold, determining that the battery has failed; or In response to a voltage of the battery being greater than or equal to a first voltage threshold, determining that the battery has failed; or In response to a temperature of the battery being greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold, determining that the battery has failed; The second control circuit is further configured to: collecting second state data of the battery, wherein the second state data includes at least one of a temperature, a voltage, and a current of the battery; determining whether the battery fails according to the second status data; In response to a current of the battery being greater than or equal to a second current threshold, determining that the battery has failed; or In response to a voltage of the battery being greater than or equal to a second voltage threshold, determining that the battery has failed; or In response to the temperature of the battery being greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, it is determined that the battery has failed.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein: The second current threshold is greater than the first current threshold, the second voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold, and the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein: The second control circuit is electrically coupled to the third control circuit, The second control circuit is further configured to: send the second state data to the third control circuit; The third control circuit is further configured to: determine whether the battery fails according to the second status data; in response to the battery failing, send a second signal indicating the battery failing to the second control circuit; The first control circuit is further configured as: In response to a failure of the battery, sending a first control signal to the first protection module; or In response to a failure of the battery, a second control signal is sent to the second protection module.

15. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The second protection module further includes a resistor, and the control end of the three-terminal fuse is electrically coupled to the first electrode of the fourth transistor through the resistor.

16. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: The negative electrode of the battery is connected to the negative electrode charging and discharging end of the charging and discharging circuit.

17. An electric scooter, characterized in that: Comprising the battery protection system as described in claims 1-16.

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