Biological repellent for preventing and treating rodents from gnawing forest and fruit planting as well as preparation method and application of biological repellent

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological repellent for preventing and treating rodents from gnawing forest and fruit planting as well as a preparation method and application of the biological repellent. The repellent comprises the following raw materials: wood tar, potassium hydroxide and pyroligneous liquor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding wood tar and wood vinegar into a potassium hydroxide solution, and uniformly mixing. The effect of biologically repelling and preventing the saplings from being gnawed can be achieved by smearing the repellent on the saplings, and the raw materials are biomass, are non-toxic and harmless and do not pollute the environment; the prepared repellent is dark in color, has a light absorption effect and can preserve heat; the repellent is pungent in smell and poor in mouth feel, can effectively prevent rodents from gnawing when being smeared on the fruit trees, can kill insects and worm eggs in a smeared area, and meanwhile prevents underground insects from climbing to the trees. In addition, the repellent prepared by the invention has relatively strong oxidability and antibacterial activity, and has a certain prevention and treatment effect on diseases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry prevention and control, and specifically relates to a biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees and fruits, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] It is a common phenomenon that rodents bite the lower part of seedlings in newly planted orchards. In the first few years after the orchard was built, the lower part of the fruit trees is still relatively tender, and rodents like to gnaw on it. In the northern winter, when there are no other weeds for rodents to eat, rodents in the orchard especially like to gnaw on the bark of young fruit trees. The lower part of the seedlings will die after being gnawed by rodents, causing economic losses to the orchard, and causing inconsistency in the fruit trees, increasing the difficulty of management. At present, the methods for preventing and controlling rodents in orchards are mostly mechanical killing, electric shock, poison bait killing and drug repelling. These methods are not only ineffective, but also pollute the environment, destroy the ecological balance, and have a relatively short maintenance time. The success rate of using instruments to kill rodents is very low. Generally, there is a little effect in the early stage. After catching one or two, other rodents will sense the danger and become more alert; the electric tiger killing method will have the risk of leakage when encountering wind and rain, and improper operation will also cause harm to people; the poison bait trapping method will mold and deteriorate after two or three days and lose its effect; the drug repellent method generally uses highly toxic and high-residue pesticides, which will cause great harm to humans, beneficial organisms in the soil and the environment, and the effect is short-lived. There is also the use of burying fixed shields around the roots of fruit trees to prevent rodents from gnawing, but these shields will affect agricultural operations and are inconvenient to use. Chinese invention patent CN110122144A discloses a method for preventing Chinese zokor from harming fruit trees, by burying pig hair around fruit trees, using the smell of pig hair to prevent Chinese zokor from gnawing. However, after the pig hair smell fades, the prevention and control effect will also fail, and this method is relatively cumbersome to operate. Chinese invention patent CN109392953A discloses a biological repellent for preventing and controlling forest rodent pests and a preparation method thereof. The repellent is composed of the following corresponding components by weight: 50-80 parts of wood vinegar, 5-20 parts of wood tar, 5-15 parts of emulsifier, and 10-15 parts of ethanol. The repellent is a finished product after A. preparing raw materials; B. mixing them separately; C. mixing and stirring; and D. bottling or bagging. The repellent emits a strong odor to repel rodents during use, causing the rodents to feel anorexia.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method for preventing and controlling the eating of fruit trees and plants which is environmentally friendly, durable and easy to operate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees and fruits, and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art of preventing and controlling fruit trees and fruits from being gnawed, which pollutes the environment, has a short duration and is complex to operate.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The invention provides a biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees, comprising the following components by weight: 40-80 parts of wood tar, 0.3-2.5 parts of potassium hydroxide, 50-200 parts of water and 25-50 parts of wood vinegar.

[0007] Furthermore, the biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees is black in color and has a light-absorbing effect and can keep the seedlings warm.

[0008] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees, comprising mixing potassium hydroxide solution with wood tar, and then adding wood vinegar.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the above-mentioned biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1. Dissolve 0.3-2.5 parts of potassium hydroxide in 50-200 parts of water to prepare a potassium hydroxide solution;

[0011] S2. Add 40-80 parts of wood tar to the potassium hydroxide solution described in S1 and stir to mix;

[0012] S3. Add 25-50 parts of wood vinegar to the mixed solution in S2 and mix thoroughly.

[0013] Furthermore, the biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees provided by the present invention is used in preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees.

[0014] Potassium hydroxide will react with wood tar to generate fatty acid potassium, making wood tar more soluble in wood vinegar and water. At the same time, potassium ions are essential nutrients for plants and are harmless to plants.

[0015] Wood tar is a dark brown viscous liquid with a special smoky smell, which is collected after dust removal, condensation and sedimentation of the flue gas produced by biomass pyrolysis. It has a water content of about 12.30% to 14.08%, a density of about 1.05 to 1.20 (g / mL), and a viscosity of about 3542 to 3624 (40℃mm2 / s). It is easy to solidify at low temperatures and cannot be directly dissolved in water, but is soluble in oils and fats. Wood tar has a pungent smell, a high total phenol content, strong antioxidant activity, and can inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms.

[0016]

[0017] Wood vinegar, also known as plant acid, is an aqueous liquid component obtained by condensing the gaseous products of various plant cracking such as straw and fruit tree branches. Wood vinegar has a complex composition and contains a variety of organic compounds such as organic acids, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, phenols and their derivatives, among which acid is the main component, and there are also a small amount of alkaline substances such as amines, methylamine, pyridine and elements such as Ca, Mg, Na, and Fe.

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees, comprising the step of evenly applying the biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees provided by the present invention to the fruit tree seedlings after pruning the fruit trees.

[0021] Furthermore, after pruning the fruit trees, the biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees provided by the present invention is evenly applied to the portion of 50cm-100cm of the fruit tree seedlings.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The raw material in the present invention is biomass, which is non-toxic and harmless and does not pollute the environment.

[0024] 2. The repellent provided by the present invention is dark in color and has a light-absorbing effect, which can keep the fruit trees warm.

[0025] 3. The repellent provided by the present invention has a pungent smell and poor palatability. When applied to fruit trees, it can effectively prevent rodents from gnawing on them, kill insects and insect eggs in the application area, and prevent underground pests from climbing up the trees.

[0026] 4. The repellent provided by the present invention has strong oxidizing and antibacterial properties and has a certain preventive and therapeutic effect on diseases.

[0027] 5. In the present invention, alkaline potassium hydroxide is added to react with wood tar to generate fatty acid potassium, making the wood tar more soluble in wood vinegar and water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the present invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the specific functional details disclosed herein should not be interpreted as limiting, but only as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to employ the present invention in various ways in virtually any appropriately detailed embodiment.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment provides a biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0031] (1) Weigh 0.3 g of potassium hydroxide and dissolve it in 50 mL of water to prepare a potassium hydroxide solution.

[0032] (2) Weigh 40 g of wood tar and add it to the above potassium hydroxide solution.

[0033] (3) Add 25 g of wood vinegar to the mixed solution obtained in step (2) and mix thoroughly to prepare a biorepellent.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] This embodiment provides a biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0036] (1) Weigh 1.4 g of potassium hydroxide and dissolve it in 125 mL of water to prepare a potassium hydroxide solution.

[0037] (2) Weigh 60 g of wood tar and add it to the above potassium hydroxide solution.

[0038] (3) Add 36 g of wood vinegar to the mixed solution obtained in step (2) and mix thoroughly to prepare a biorepellent.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] This embodiment provides a biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) Weigh 2.5 g of potassium hydroxide and dissolve it in 200 mL of water to prepare a potassium hydroxide solution.

[0042] (2) Weigh 80 g of wood tar and add it to the above potassium hydroxide solution.

[0043] (3) Add 50 g of wood vinegar to the mixed solution obtained in step (2) and mix thoroughly to prepare a biorepellent.

[0044] Comparative Example 1

[0045] The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that in step (3) of Comparative Example 1, wood vinegar is not added, and a mixture of potassium hydroxide and wood tar is used as the repellent.

[0046] In Comparative Example 1, the biorepellent was relatively viscous and difficult to apply.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] The only difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that wood tar is not added in Comparative Example 2, and a mixture of potassium hydroxide and wood vinegar is used as the repellent. The biological repellent is relatively thin, and potassium hydroxide reacts with wood vinegar to generate potassium acetate.

[0049] Comparative Example 3

[0050] The only difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 3, wood tar and wood vinegar are mixed as repellents, and potassium hydroxide is not added. Wood vinegar and wood tar in biological repellents are easy to separate into layers. Over time, the upper layer is wood vinegar and the lower layer is wood tar.

[0051] The biological repellent prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was evenly applied to the 50cm to 100cm portion of the fruit tree seedlings after winter pruning and garden cleaning. 2 The number of 8 seedlings eaten by rodents in each experimental group was counted on the 7th, 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th day after the repellent was applied. A blank control group was set up in the experiment, that is, no repellent was applied.

[0052] The comparative statistics of the expulsion effect are shown in the following table:

[0053] Day 7 Day 15 Day 30 Day 45 Day 60 Example 1 0 0 0 0 0 Example 1 0 0 0 0 0 Example 1 0 0 0 0 0 Comparative Example 1 0 0 0 0 0 Comparative Example 2 0 1 1 2 2 Comparative Example 3 0 0 0 1 2 blank 2 3 4 4 5

[0054] Applying the biological repellent prepared in this embodiment can effectively prevent rodents from biting the tender parts of fruit trees. In addition, the agent has a special odor and slowly decomposes to emit a unique smell of wood tar. Rodents will give up gnawing because it is difficult to swallow, thereby protecting the root system of the fruit trees from being bitten and damaged; potassium hydroxide is added to the raw material to react with wood tar to generate fatty acid potassium, so that wood tar is more easily soluble in wood vinegar and water, thereby improving the repellent effect of the repellent. In Comparative Example 3, potassium hydroxide is not added, and the repellent effect of the repellent is weakened at 45 days and 60 days, and some fruit trees are eaten. In addition, the raw material in the present invention is biomass and does not pollute the soil environment after decomposition; the biological repellent prepared by the present invention is black in itself, which can absorb sunlight and provide a certain insulation effect for fruit trees. In addition, the wood tar and wood vinegar in the raw material have a bactericidal and disinfecting effect, which can have a certain preventive effect on diseases, and can also prevent underground pests from climbing up the trees to reduce the pests of fruit trees.

[0055] The various aspects, embodiments, features and examples of the present invention should be considered as illustrative in all aspects and are not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined only by the claims. Other embodiments, modifications and uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components by weight: 40-80 parts of wood tar, 0.3-2.5 parts of potassium hydroxide, 50-200 parts of water and 25-50 parts of wood vinegar.

2. The biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees is black in color and can absorb light to keep the seedlings warm.

3. The method for preparing the biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The method comprises mixing potassium hydroxide solution and wood tar to obtain a mixed liquid, and then adding wood vinegar into the mixed liquid to obtain the biological expellant.

4. The method for preparing the biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees according to claim 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Dissolve 0.3-2.5 parts of potassium hydroxide in 50-200 parts of water to prepare a potassium hydroxide solution; S2. Add 40-80 parts of wood tar to the potassium hydroxide solution described in S1 and stir to mix; S3. Add 25-50 parts of wood vinegar to the mixed solution in S2 and mix thoroughly.

5. Use of the biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 in preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees.

6. A method for preventing rodents from gnawing on fruit trees, characterized in that: The method comprises applying the biological repellent for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 evenly onto the seedlings.

7. The method for preventing and controlling rodents from gnawing on fruit trees according to claim 6, characterized in that: The biological repellent is applied to the seedling part including the part of the seedling 50cm-100cm above the ground.

Images