Composite inhibitor and application thereof in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore

Abstract

The invention provides a composite inhibitor and application thereof in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore, and relates to the technical field of ore dressing. The composite inhibitor is obtained by mixing carbonates and sulfates according to an equal proportion, and when the composite inhibitor is applied, firstly, lead-zinc sulfide ore is crushed and levigated until-0.074 mm accounts for about 60%, then ore pulp is subjected to lead-sulfur flotation, tailings are further scavenged, finally, concentrate is subjected to lead flotation, lead concentrate is obtained, the tailings are subjected to zinc flotation, and zinc concentrate is obtained. The inhibition effect of the prepared inhibitor on sphalerite is remarkably higher than that of a traditional inhibitor, the problem that lead and zinc are mutually contained in lead-zinc flotation is remarkably solved, and the lead-zinc separation efficiency is improved. The problems that in the prior art, high-alkalinity wastewater treatment is difficult, an inhibitor is unfavorable for precious metal recovery, hydrogen sulfide gas is harmful to the environment and operators, and operation is complex are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, in particular to a composite depressant and application thereof in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore. Background Art

[0002] Lead and zinc are widely used in machinery, military and national defense, and are important mineral resources in my country. Among them, sulfide lead-zinc ore accounts for more than 90% of the total reserves of lead-zinc ore in my country. Therefore, more efficient development and utilization of downstream resources are of great significance to the protection of lead-zinc resources in my country. Compared with foreign lead-zinc ore, the general characteristics of my country's lead-zinc ore are more lean ore, less easy ore dressing, and high oxidation rate. This fundamentally determines that my country's lead-zinc ore can only adopt preferential flotation process or partially mixed preferential flotation process. At present, the commonly used process in industrial production is to add zinc sulfate, lime, zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite under alkaline conditions to reduce the floatability of sphalerite, and then add galena collectors to achieve the separation of lead-zinc ore. However, these inhibitors still have some disadvantages. In the process of using zinc sulfate, a large amount of lime is often needed to change the pH of the slurry, which will not only produce highly alkaline wastewater, but also the minerals inhibited by lime are difficult to be activated, and the highly alkaline solution will also cause corrosion to the slurry pipeline. In addition, for precious metals such as gold and silver, a pulp solution with a high pH value is not conducive to its recovery, resulting in a waste of precious metal resources. Sodium sulfide not only has a strong inhibitory effect on galena, but also produces hydrogen sulfide gas during the production process, which is harmful to the human body and the environment.

[0003] A combined inhibitor of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfide is used to suppress the floatability of sphalerite by adjusting the pH value and adding an appropriate amount of sodium sulfide, thereby achieving lead and zinc separation. In this process, sodium sulfide not only has an inhibitory effect on sphalerite, but also releases hydrogen sulfide gas during the production process, posing a safety hazard. Hydrogen sulfide gas is highly harmful to the environment and the health of operators. In addition, the dosage and pH value of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfide need to be strictly controlled, which increases the complexity of the process and the difficulty of operation.

[0004] Therefore, it is very necessary to invent a lead-zinc separation inhibitor with better performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a composite depressant and its application in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ores. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A composite inhibitor is obtained by mixing reagents M1 and M2 in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a sphalerite composite inhibitor.

[0007] The M1 is a carbonate, and the M2 is a sulfate.

[0008] Specifically, M1 is an acid carbonate, and M2 is a modified sulfate;

[0009] The particle sizes of M1 and M2 are both less than 1 mm, and the particle size of the composite inhibitor obtained after mixing is less than 1 mm.

[0010] The modified sulfate is obtained by sulfonation modification of sulfate lignin, and the modification can be carried out by conventional modification.

[0011] The application of the composite depressant in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1. After crushing, screening and grinding of lead-zinc sulfide ore, the ore pulp with a diameter of -0.074 mm accounts for 50% to 70%;

[0013] S2, subjecting the ore pulp obtained in step S1 to lead-sulfur flotation, and in the lead-sulfur roughing, sequentially adding a dispersant, a composite inhibitor, a collector and pine oil, subjecting the obtained roughing tailings to lead-sulfur scavenging, combining the lead-sulfur scavenging concentrate with the lead-sulfur roughing concentrate to form a lead-sulfur flotation concentrate, and subjecting the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings to zinc flotation;

[0014] S3, the lead-sulfur flotation concentrate obtained in step S2 is subjected to one-rough three-fine one-sweep lead flotation to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings;

[0015] S4, the lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to one coarse, two fine and one scavenging sulfur flotation to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings;

[0016] S5. The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings obtained in step S2 are subjected to one coarse, two fine and one scavenging zinc flotation to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

[0017] During the above-mentioned drug addition process, the time interval for adding the drug is 3-5 minutes, and stirring is performed to ensure that the drug is fully dissolved.

[0018] During the lead-sulfur roughing in step S2, the dispersant is water glass in an amount of 500 g / t-600 g / t, the composite inhibitor in an amount of 100 g / t-150 g / t, the collector is at least one of xanthate, black medicine, sulfur and nitrogen in an amount of 40 g / t-80 g / t, and the pine oil in an amount of 25 g / t.

[0019] During the lead-sulfur scavenging in step S2, only a collector is added, and the collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount used is 20 g / t-60 g / t.

[0020] During the roughing of lead flotation in step S3, an inhibitor and a collector are added, wherein the inhibitor is a composite inhibitor with a dosage of 40 g / t-80 g / t, and the collector is butyl xanthate with a dosage of 20 g / t-60 g / t.

[0021] In the step S3, a collector is added during the primary concentration of lead flotation, wherein the collector is butyl xanthate with a dosage of 20 g / t-40 g / t. No agent is added during the secondary concentration, tertiary concentration and scavenging.

[0022] During the sulfur flotation roughing in step S4, a collector and pine oil are added, wherein the collector is butyl xanthate in an amount of 40 g / t-80 g / t, and the amount of pine oil is 25 g / t.

[0023] In the step S4, a collector is added during the primary concentration of sulfur flotation, wherein the collector is butyl xanthate with a dosage of 20 g / t-60 g / t, and no agent is added during the secondary concentrate and scavenging.

[0024] During the zinc flotation roughing in step S5, an activator, a collector and pine oil are added, wherein the activator is copper sulfate in an amount of 100 g / t-200 g / t, the collector is ethyl xanthate in an amount of 100 g / t-120 g / t, and the pine oil is in an amount of 25 g / t.

[0025] In the step S5, water glass is added in the primary concentration of zinc flotation, the amount of water glass is 100 g / t-200 g / t, and no reagent is added in the secondary concentration;

[0026] In the step S5, a collector is added during zinc flotation scavenging, wherein the collector is ethyl xanthate and the amount used is 60 g / t-80 g / t.

[0027] The lead concentrate has a grade of 45.00-50.00% and a recovery rate of 75.00-80.00%, the sulfur concentrate has a grade of 45.00-50.00% and a recovery rate of 48.00-55.00%, and the zinc concentrate has a grade of 46.00-50.00% and a recovery rate of 86.00-90.00%.

[0028] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0029] In the above scheme, the inhibitory effect of the prepared inhibitor on sphalerite is significantly higher than that of the traditional inhibitor, which significantly reduces the problem of lead-zinc mutual inclusion in lead-zinc flotation and improves the lead-zinc separation efficiency. No additional products or intermediate products will be produced during use, which simplifies the processing flow of subsequent mineral processing products and reduces the cost of mineral processing. The inhibitor will not produce harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide during use, reducing the threat to the environment and the health of operators. Moreover, the inhibitor can be synthesized from existing industrial products or chemical reagents, the synthesis process is simple, the production cost is low, and it is suitable for large-scale production applications. In addition, the inhibitor of the present invention will not affect the recovery of precious metals such as gold and silver in the ore pulp, and improves the comprehensive utilization rate of precious metals.

[0030] In short, the present invention solves the problems in the prior art that high alkaline wastewater treatment is difficult, inhibitors are not conducive to the recovery of precious metals, hydrogen sulfide gas is harmful to the environment and operators, and the operation is complicated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the application of a composite depressant in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ores provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the adsorption of the flotation product in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written as a non-subscript such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are the same.

[0037] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] The embodiment of the present invention provides a composite depressant and its application in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore. Figure 1 The application of the composite depressant shown in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore may include the following steps:

[0039] S1. After crushing, screening and grinding of lead-zinc sulfide ore, the ore pulp with a diameter of -0.074 mm accounts for 50% to 70%;

[0040] S2, subjecting the ore pulp obtained in step S1 to lead-sulfur flotation, and in the lead-sulfur roughing, sequentially adding a dispersant, a composite inhibitor, a collector and pine oil, subjecting the obtained roughing tailings to lead-sulfur scavenging, combining the lead-sulfur scavenging concentrate with the lead-sulfur roughing concentrate to form a lead-sulfur flotation concentrate, and subjecting the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings to zinc flotation;

[0041] S3, the lead-sulfur flotation concentrate obtained in step S2 is subjected to one-rough three-fine one-sweep lead flotation to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings;

[0042] S4, the lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to one coarse, two fine and one scavenging sulfur flotation to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings;

[0043] S5. The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings obtained in step S2 are subjected to one coarse, two fine and one scavenging zinc flotation to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

[0044] As mentioned above, the composite inhibitor is obtained by mixing acid carbonate and sulfate lignin after sulfonation modification.

[0045] This will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Take 2g of galena and sphalerite with a size of -0.074mm and a proportion of 60% for flotation, add 40mL of deionized water into a 1L hanging tank flotation machine, stir and slurry at a speed of 1300r / min to disperse the slurry. Follow the steps of adding the inhibitor first, then the collector, and finally the frother. After adding the inhibitor, stir for 3 minutes, then add 20mg / L of the collector, stir for 3 minutes, add 10mg / L of the frother, stir for 2 minutes, and flotation after stirring. The flotation product is treated, and the results are as follows Figure 2 , the inhibitor concentrations are 0 mg / L, 10 mg / L, 30 mg / L, 50 mg / L, and 70 mg / L.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Flotation separation of refractory sulfide lead-zinc ore

[0050] A difficult-to-process lead-zinc sulfide ore in Xinjiang is a large-scale conglomerate-type low-grade lead-zinc sulfide ore. The original ore contains 0.14% lead and 2.01% zinc. The mineral composition is complex, and the minerals coexist with each other, making flotation very difficult. It is a difficult-to-process lead-zinc sulfide ore.

[0051] according to Figure 1 The process flow chart shown is used to process the ore. The main steps are as follows:

[0052] First, a composite inhibitor was prepared by mixing agents M1 and M2 in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a sphalerite composite inhibitor.

[0053] After crushing, ball milling and grading, the ore was controlled to have a particle size of -0.074 mm, accounting for 60%. Then, water glass, composite inhibitor (M1 and M2), butyl xanthate and pine oil were added to carry out rough selection of lead and sulfur. After one rough selection and three concentrating operations, lead concentrate was obtained, and the lead tailings were selected for sulfur selection. The lead and sulfur scavenging tailings were used for zinc flotation. In the zinc rough selection operation, activator, collector and pine oil were added in sequence, and zinc concentrate was obtained after two concentrating operations.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] according to Figure 1 The process flow chart shown treats the ore with the inhibitor replaced by zinc sulfate, while the types and amounts of other reagents remain unchanged.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] according to Figure 1 The process flow chart shown in the figure is used to process the ore, and the inhibitor is replaced with M1. The types and dosages of other reagents remain unchanged.

[0058] Comparative Example 3

[0059] according to Figure 1 The process flow chart shown in the figure is used to process the ore, and the inhibitor is replaced with M2. The types and dosages of other reagents remain unchanged.

[0060] The types and amounts of the agents used in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1 Types and dosages of drugs

[0062]

[0063] The product grade, recovery rate and yield of Example 2, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 were tested respectively. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0064] Table 2 Results of Examples and Comparative Examples

[0065]

[0066] From the results in Table 2 of the embodiments and comparative examples, it can be seen that the depressants (M1 and M2) recommended by the present invention for flotation of difficult-to-select sulfide lead-zinc ores can obtain relatively ideal indicators in processing such large-scale conglomerate-type low-grade sulfide lead-zinc ores, and the mutual content of lead and zinc in lead concentrate and zinc concentrate is lower, which improves the utilization of lead and zinc resources and has higher economic value.

[0067] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A composite inhibitor, characterized in that: The sphalerite composite inhibitor is obtained by mixing the reagents M1 and M2 in a mass ratio of 1:

1. The M1 is an acid carbonate, and M2 is a modified sulfate; The particle sizes of M1 and M2 are both less than 1 mm, and the particle size of the composite inhibitor obtained after mixing is less than 1 mm.

2. The composite inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that The modified sulfate is obtained by sulfonation modification of sulfate lignin.

3. The use of the composite depressant in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. After crushing, screening and grinding of sulfide lead-zinc ore, the ore pulp with a diameter of -0.074 mm accounts for 50% to 70%; S2, subjecting the ore pulp obtained in step S1 to lead-sulfur flotation, and in the lead-sulfur roughing, sequentially adding a dispersant, a composite inhibitor, a collector and pine oil, subjecting the obtained roughing tailings to lead-sulfur scavenging, combining the lead-sulfur scavenging concentrate with the lead-sulfur roughing concentrate to form a lead-sulfur flotation concentrate, and subjecting the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings to zinc flotation; S3, the lead-sulfur flotation concentrate obtained in step S2 is subjected to one-rough three-fine one-sweep lead flotation to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings; S4, the lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to one coarse, two fine and one scavenging sulfur flotation to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings; S5. The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings obtained in step S2 are subjected to one coarse, two fine and one scavenging zinc flotation to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

4. The use of the composite depressant in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step S2, during the lead-sulfur roughing, the dispersant is water glass, the dosage is 500g / t-600g / t, the dosage of the composite inhibitor is 100g / t-150g / t, the collector is at least one of xanthate, black medicine, sulfur and nitrogen, the dosage is 40g / t-80g / t, and the dosage of pine oil is 25g / t; During the lead-sulfur scavenging in step S2, only a collector is added, and the collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount used is 20 g / t-60 g / t.

5. The use of the composite depressant in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the roughing of lead flotation in step S3, an inhibitor and a collector are added, wherein the inhibitor is a composite inhibitor with a dosage of 40 g / t-80 g / t, and the collector is butyl xanthate with a dosage of 20 g / t-60 g / t.

6. The use of the composite depressant in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step S3, a collector is added during the primary concentration of lead flotation, wherein the collector is butyl xanthate with a dosage of 20 g / t-40 g / t. No agent is added during the secondary concentration, tertiary concentration and scavenging.

7. The use of the composite depressant in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the sulfur flotation roughing in step S4, a collector and pine oil are added, wherein the collector is butyl xanthate in an amount of 40 g / t-80 g / t, and the pine oil is in an amount of 25 g / t; In the step S4, a collector is added during the primary concentration of sulfur flotation, wherein the collector is butyl xanthate with a dosage of 20 g / t-60 g / t, and no agent is added during the secondary concentrate and scavenging.

8. The use of the composite depressant in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the zinc flotation roughing in step S5, an activator, a collector and pine oil are added, wherein the activator is copper sulfate in an amount of 100 g / t-200 g / t, the collector is ethyl xanthate in an amount of 100 g / t-120 g / t, and the amount of pine oil is 25 g / t.

9. The use of the composite depressant in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step S5, water glass is added in the primary concentration of zinc flotation, and the amount of water glass is 100 g / t-200 g / t, and no reagent is added in the secondary concentration; In the step S5, a collector is added during zinc flotation scavenging, wherein the collector is ethyl xanthate and the amount used is 60 g / t-80 g / t.

10. The use of the composite depressant in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lead concentrate has a grade of 45.00-50.00% and a recovery rate of 75.00-80.00%, the sulfur concentrate has a grade of 45.00-50.00% and a recovery rate of 48.00-55.00%, and the zinc concentrate has a grade of 46.00-50.00% and a recovery rate of 86.00-90.00%.

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