Punching device for aerospace materials and punching method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace material processing, and discloses a punching device for aerospace materials and a punching method of the punching device, a double-drilling-machine structure is adopted, two sets of hole positions can be formed and processed through one-time action, and compared with traditional single-drilling-machine equipment, the punching device has higher processing efficiency; the two sets of servo drilling machines are connected and installed through a servo rotary table and a pedestal structure, the servo drilling machine on one side is independently driven by a fifth motor in a lifting mode, and single-hole forming, equal-depth double-hole forming and non-equal-depth double-hole forming and machining can be conducted through the lifting driving control of the servo drilling machine on one side in cooperation with a midpoint positioning type machining method. The device is flexible to work, machining modes can be flexibly selected according to different aviation plates, and the device can meet machining requirements of various distributed hole sites in a plane due to the fact that the device is diversified in combination, and a double-CCD-camera visual positioning structure is adopted, and a protective partition plate is arranged at the position, close to a lens of the machining side, of the lower portion of the CCD camera. Effective dustproof shielding protection can be performed on the lens side of the CCD camera through sliding shielding protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace material processing, in particular to a punching device and a punching method for aerospace materials. Background Art

[0002] Aviation materials are a general term for various materials used in the manufacture of aircraft, aircraft engines and airborne equipment. Common materials include aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, composite materials, nickel-based alloys, etc. Aerospace materials have excellent high and low temperature resistance, aging resistance and corrosion resistance, can adapt to the space environment, and are the basic guarantee for the development and production of aviation products. In order to meet the needs of installation and use, aviation materials need to be pre-processed, and drilling is one of the important processes.

[0003] The drilling process needs to rely on a drilling device. The drilling device relies on the drill on the top of the device to complete the precise opening of the holes on the upper part of the material through work positioning. The drill on the top of the traditional drilling device is mostly a single-group setting. Due to the large number of holes, multiple displacement actions are required to complete the drilling process. A long working stroke and processing time are required to complete the processing, and the processing efficiency is low. Therefore, a drilling device and a drilling method for aerospace materials are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a punching device and a punching method for aerospace materials to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a punching device for aerospace materials, comprising a gantry mechanism and a drilling mechanism for processing aerospace materials, the gantry mechanism being used for working support of the drilling mechanism, the gantry mechanism comprising a drilling machine base, a gantry, a first motor and a workpiece mounting plate, the gantry being longitudinally slidably mounted on the upper part of the drilling machine base under the drive of the first motor, and the workpiece mounting plate being fixedly mounted on the upper part of the drilling machine base;

[0006] The drilling mechanism is installed on the upper part of the platform mechanism for drilling holes in aviation materials. The drilling mechanism includes a transverse platform, a second motor, a lifting platform, a third motor and a drilling assembly. The transverse platform is installed on the upper part of the gantry by sliding horizontally under the drive of the second motor, and the lifting platform is installed on the front part of the transverse platform by lifting and sliding under the drive of the third motor.

[0007] The drilling assembly is installed at the front of the lifting platform, and the drilling assembly includes a drilling rig seat, a servo turntable, a rotating support, a fourth motor, a servo drilling rig and a fifth motor. The servo turntable is installed at the front lower part of the lifting platform through the drilling rig seat, and the rotating support is installed at the lower part of the servo turntable. The servo drilling rigs are arranged in pairs. Two groups of servo drilling rigs are driven by the fourth motor and slide and are installed on both sides of the lower part of the rotating support. One side of the servo drilling rig is independently lifted and driven by the fifth motor.

[0008] The first CCD camera and the second CCD camera are respectively disposed on the upper part of the servo turntable and the rotating support, and the lower part of the second CCD camera is disposed with a protective baffle and a sixth motor.

[0009] Preferably, longitudinal guide columns are fixedly installed on both sides of the middle part of the above-mentioned drilling machine base, the lower part of the gantry is slidably supported and installed on the upper part of the longitudinal guide columns through sliding holes, the first motor is fixedly installed on the front side of the drilling machine base, and a longitudinal driving screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the first motor, and the longitudinal driving screw is threadedly connected to the screw hole set at the lower part of the gantry.

[0010] Preferably, a transverse guide column is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper side of the above-mentioned gantry, the rear part of the transverse moving platform is slidably supported and installed on the upper part of the transverse guide column through a sliding hole, the second motor is fixedly installed on the upper side of the gantry, and a transverse driving screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the second motor, and the transverse driving screw is threadedly connected to the screw hole set in the middle part of the transverse moving platform.

[0011] Preferably, a lifting guide column is vertically fixedly installed on the front part of the above-mentioned transverse moving platform, and the lifting platform is slidingly supported and installed on the upper part of the lifting guide column through a sliding hole. The third motor is fixedly installed on the upper part of the transverse moving platform, and a lifting drive screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the third motor. The lifting drive screw is threadedly connected with a screw hole set in the middle part of the lifting platform.

[0012] Preferably, the drilling rig mount is fixedly installed on the front of the lifting platform by bolts, the upper part of the servo turntable is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drilling rig mount by bolts, and the rotating support is connected and installed to the bottom rotating part of the servo turntable by bolts.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding guide column is fixedly installed on the lower part of the above-mentioned rotating support, and a transverse support is slidably installed on the upper part of the sliding guide column. The transverse supports are arranged in pairs, and the fourth motor is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating support. A sliding drive screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the fourth motor, and the upper part of the transverse support is threadedly connected to the sliding drive screw through a screw hole.

[0014] Preferably, a fastening screw hole is provided on the side of the above-mentioned transverse support on one side, and one group of the servo drills is fixedly installed with the transverse support on this side by bolts, and a lifting guide groove is provided on the side of the transverse support on the other side, and a support guide column is installed inside the lifting guide groove, and a lifting connecting block is fixedly provided on the side of the other group of servo drills, and the slider portion of the lifting connecting block is slidably engaged with the lifting guide groove, and the slider portion of the lifting connecting block is installed on the upper part of the support guide column through a sliding hole sliding support, and a drilling rig driving screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the fifth motor, and the driving portion of the lifting connecting block is threadedly connected to the drilling rig driving screw through a screw hole.

[0015] Preferably, the first CCD camera is fixedly installed on the front side of the servo turntable by bolts, a partition block is fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating support, the second CCD camera is fixedly embedded in the lower part of the partition block, the lower part of the partition block is provided with a partition mounting groove, the front part of the protective partition is slidably embedded in the inner side of the partition mounting groove, and when closed, the protective partition shields the lens side of the second CCD camera, and a protective lens is provided at the front of the protective partition.

[0016] Preferably, guide grooves are provided on both sides of the middle part of the above-mentioned protective partition, and guide bolts are threadedly fastened on both sides of the lower part of the partition block. The ends of the guide bolts are slidably engaged in the inner side of the guide grooves. A driving tooth groove is provided at the rear part of the protective partition, and the sixth motor is fixedly engaged in the lower part of the partition block. A driving gear is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the sixth motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the tooth groove on the inner side of the driving tooth groove.

[0017] The present invention also provides a punching method for a punching device for aerospace materials, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Workpiece installation: install the aviation sheet workpiece to be processed on the upper part of the workpiece mounting plate by fastening the fixture, and ensure that the aviation sheet workpiece is installed straight and does not exceed the working area;

[0019] S2, work positioning, after the workpiece is installed, the equipment is started, the servo drill is lowered to the positioning height under the drive of the third motor, the base point positioning calibration is performed through the first CCD camera, and the servo drill is moved to the base point positioning position under the cooperative drive of the first motor and the second motor, and then the second CCD camera is further calibrated, and the processing hole spacing, angle and depth of the servo drill are adjusted according to the work planning path to complete the positioning calibration work;

[0020] S3, drilling processing, the workpiece is processed by the servo drilling machine to open the hole position, which is specifically divided into the following processing situations:

[0021] S301, single hole processing, for a workpiece with fewer holes and inconvenient to group planning, during processing, the servo drill on one side is driven by the fifth motor to move downward, and the servo drill on this side is used as the processing part, and the holes are opened and processed in sequence according to the planned path through mobile calibration positioning;

[0022] S302, equal-depth double-hole processing, for workpieces with the same hole depth, a large number of holes and convenient group planning, the servo drills on both sides maintain synchronous working heights during processing, and then the first CCD camera and the second CCD camera cooperate for positioning, and the processing holes are pre-grouped according to the hole distribution, and the adjacent or spaced holes are divided into a processing group, and then the processing spacing of the two groups of servo drills is adjusted according to the hole spacing of the first group, and the midpoint of the line connecting the two holes is used as the positioning base point, and then the mobile positioning of the servo drill is completed, and then the servo drill angle is adjusted according to the angle of the line connecting the two holes. After the calibration is completed, the servo drill synchronously moves down to complete the opening processing of the first group of planned holes, and then the servo drill moves up and resets and performs mobile positioning for the next group of work, and all hole processing work is completed in this cycle;

[0023] S303, non-equal depth double hole processing, for workpieces with different hole depths but a large number of holes and convenient group planning, similarly complete the processing spacing, base point positioning and working angle adjustment steps, then the servo drill on the liftable side is driven by the fifth motor to adjust the servo drill downward according to the hole depth difference, then the two groups of servo drills are synchronously moved downward to open the holes, completing the opening of non-equal depth double holes;

[0024] S4, lens protection, after the first CCD camera completes the preliminary positioning and calibration, the protective baffle moves backward and is in the open state to keep the second CCD camera lens exposed, and then the second CCD camera completes further positioning and calibration work, and then the servo drill moves down to perform drilling processing, and at the same time, the sixth motor drives the protective baffle forward through the driving gear to shield and protect the lower part of the second CCD camera, thereby realizing the protection of the lens;

[0025] S5, the device is reset. After the processing is completed, the servo drill moves up and out of the processing area. Then, driven by the pedestal structure, the servo drill moves to the initial working position to complete the reset work. Then, the workpiece is disassembled to complete the processing operation.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0027] 1. The punching device adopts a double drilling rig structure. Two sets of servo drilling rigs are arranged in the working part of the device. The two sets of servo drilling rigs are connected and installed with the base structure through a servo turntable and the working spacing is driven and adjusted by a fourth motor. A single action can complete the opening processing of two sets of holes, which has higher processing efficiency than traditional single drilling rig equipment.

[0028] 2. Two sets of servo drills are connected and installed with the pedestal structure through the servo turntable. Through rotation and spacing adjustment, combined with the midpoint positioning processing method of the hole connection line, the device can meet the processing requirements of holes with different hole spacings and angle positions, greatly improving the flexibility of the device. The servo drill on one side is independently lifted and driven by the fifth motor. When drilling, the lifting and driving control of the servo drill on one side is combined with the midpoint positioning processing method to open single holes, double holes of equal depth, and double holes of non-equal depth. The work is flexible and the processing method can be flexibly selected for different aviation panels. The diverse combinations enable the device to meet the processing requirements of various distributed holes in the plane.

[0029] 3. A dual CCD camera visual positioning structure is adopted and a protective partition is provided at the lens of the CCD camera near the processing side at the lower part. The protective partition is movably installed and driven by the sixth motor for sliding. During positioning, the protective partition moves backward and retracts to fully expose the lens side of the second CCD camera, which is convenient for positioning image acquisition. During drilling processing, the protective partition moves forward to shield the lens side of the second CCD camera. The shielding protection can prevent debris from contaminating the lens and affecting the positioning work. The protective partition has a simple structure and a fast action. The sliding shielding protection can effectively shield the lens side of the CCD camera from dust, which can effectively improve the working reliability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall upper three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall lower three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drilling mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the servo drilling rig of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the rotating support of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle A area;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the protective partition drive installation structure of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Drilling machine base; 2. Gantry; 3. First motor; 4. Workpiece mounting plate; 5. Transverse platform; 6. Second motor; 7. Lifting platform; 8. Third motor; 9. Drilling rig seat; 10. Servo turntable; 11. Rotating support; 12. Fourth motor; 13. Servo drilling rig; 14. Fifth motor; 15. First CCD camera; 16. Second CCD camera; 17. Transverse support; 18. Lifting connecting block; 19. Support guide column; 20. Partitioning block; 21. Protective partition; 22. Sixth motor; 23. Driving gear; 24. Driving tooth groove; 25. Guide slide groove; 26. Guide bolt column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0042] Example

[0043] See also Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a drilling device for aerospace materials, comprising a gantry mechanism and a drilling mechanism, the gantry mechanism is used for the working support of the drilling mechanism, the gantry mechanism comprises a drilling machine base 1, a gantry 2, a first motor 3 and a workpiece mounting plate 4, the gantry 2 is longitudinally slidably mounted on the upper part of the drilling machine base 1 under the drive of the first motor 3, and the workpiece mounting plate 4 is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the drilling machine base 1. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 2As shown, in order to provide sliding guide support for the gantry 2, longitudinal guide columns are fixedly installed on both sides of the middle part of the drilling machine base 1. The lower part of the gantry 2 is installed on the upper part of the longitudinal guide columns through sliding holes, and can perform horizontal and longitudinal sliding movements. The first motor 3 is used for sliding drive of the gantry 2. The first motor 3 is fixedly installed on the front side of the drilling machine base 1. A longitudinal driving screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the first motor 3, and the longitudinal driving screw is threadedly connected to the screw hole set at the lower part of the gantry 2.

[0044] The drilling mechanism is installed on the upper part of the platform mechanism for drilling holes in aviation materials. The drilling mechanism includes a transverse platform 5, a second motor 6, a lifting platform 7, a third motor 8 and a drilling assembly. The transverse platform 5 is laterally slidably installed on the upper part of the gantry 2 under the drive of the second motor 6. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, in order to facilitate the sliding guide support of the transverse moving platform 5, a transverse guide column is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper side of the gantry 2, and the rear part of the transverse moving platform 5 is installed on the upper part of the transverse guide column through a sliding hole sliding support, and can perform horizontal transverse sliding movement. The second motor 6 is used for the sliding drive of the transverse moving platform 5. The second motor 6 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the gantry 2, and a transverse driving screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the second motor 6. The transverse driving screw is threadedly connected to the screw hole set in the middle part of the transverse moving platform 5.

[0045] The lifting platform 7 is driven by the third motor 8 to lift and slide and is installed on the front part of the traverse platform 5. Figure 3 As shown, in order to facilitate the sliding guide support of the lifting platform 7, a lifting guide column is fixedly installed vertically on the front part of the transverse moving platform 5. The lifting platform 7 is installed on the upper part of the lifting guide column through a sliding hole sliding support, and can perform lifting and sliding movements in the vertical direction. The third motor 8 is used for the sliding drive of the lifting platform 7. The third motor 8 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the transverse moving platform 5. The lifting drive screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the third motor 8, and the lifting drive screw is threadedly connected with the screw hole set in the middle part of the lifting platform 7.

[0046] The drilling assembly is installed at the front of the lifting platform 7. The drilling assembly includes a drilling rig seat 9, a servo turntable 10, a rotating support 11, a fourth motor 12, a servo drilling rig 13 and a fifth motor 14. The servo turntable 10 is installed at the front lower part of the lifting platform 7 through the drilling rig seat 9. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the drilling rig seat 9 is fixedly installed on the front part of the lifting platform seat 7 by bolts, the upper part of the servo turntable 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drilling rig seat 9 by bolts, and the rotating support 11 is connected and installed with the bottom rotating part of the servo turntable 10 by bolts. Under the drive of the servo turntable 10, the rotating support 11 can be adjusted for axial rotational movement. In order to provide sliding guide support for the servo drilling rig 13, as shown in the attached Figure 4As shown, a sliding guide column is fixedly installed at the lower part of the rotating support 11, and a transverse support 17 is slidably installed on the upper part of the sliding guide column. The transverse support 17 is arranged in pairs and is used for connecting and installing the servo drill 13. The servo drill 13 is arranged in pairs, and a double drilling rig structure is arranged. Two groups of servo drills 13 are arranged in the working part of the device. The two groups of servo drills 13 are connected and installed with the base structure through the servo turntable 10 and the working spacing is driven and adjusted by the fourth motor 12. A single action can complete the opening processing of two groups of holes, which has higher processing efficiency than traditional single drilling rig equipment.

[0047] The fourth motor 12 is used for the sliding drive of the two groups of servo drills 13. The fourth motor 12 is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating support 11. The rotating shaft end of the fourth motor 12 is fixedly installed with a sliding drive screw. The upper part of the transverse support 17 is threadedly connected to the sliding drive screw through a screw hole. The two ends of the sliding drive screw are provided with threads in opposite directions. The two groups of servo drills 13 are slidingly installed on both sides of the lower part of the rotating support 11 under the drive of the fourth motor 12. The two groups of servo drills 13 can be synchronously reversed through threaded drive. Through rotation and spacing adjustment, the device can meet the requirements of opening holes with different spacing and positions, which greatly improves the flexibility of the device.

[0048] The servo drill 13 on one side is independently lifted and driven by the fifth motor 14. Specifically, a fastening screw hole is set on the side of the lateral support 17 on one side, and a group of servo drills 13 are fixedly installed with the lateral support 17 on this side by bolts, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown, a lifting guide groove is arranged on the side of the transverse support 17 on the other side, and a support guide column 19 is installed inside the lifting guide groove. A lifting connecting block 18 is fixedly arranged on the side of another group of servo drills 13. The slider portion of the lifting connecting block 18 is slidably engaged with the lifting guide groove, and the slider portion of the lifting connecting block 18 is installed on the upper part of the support guide column 19 through a sliding hole sliding support. The fifth motor 14 is used for the independent lifting drive of the lifting connecting block 18. A drilling rig driving screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the fifth motor 14, and the driving part of the lifting connecting block 18 is threadedly connected with the drilling rig driving screw through a screw hole. A group of servo drills 13 is independently lifted and driven by the fifth motor 14. When drilling, the lifting drive control of the servo drill 13 on one side can realize the opening processing of two groups of holes with different depths in a single action, which can further improve the flexibility of the device.

[0049] In order to achieve working positioning, a first CCD camera 15 and a second CCD camera 16 are respectively arranged on the upper part of the servo turntable 10 and the rotating support 11. The first CCD camera 15 and the second CCD camera 16 are both industrial high-definition CCD cameras. Figure 4As shown, the first CCD camera 15 is fixedly installed on the front side of the servo turntable 10 by bolts. In order to separate the servo drills 13 on both sides and install the second CCD camera 16, a partition block 20 is fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating support 11, and the second CCD camera 16 is fixedly embedded in the lower part of the partition block 20. Figure 7 As shown, in order to connect and install the protective partition 21, a partition installation groove is provided at the lower part of the partition block 20, and the front part of the protective partition 21 is slidably engaged and installed on the inner side of the partition installation groove. In order to improve the sliding stability of the protective partition 21, guide grooves 25 are provided on both sides of the middle part of the protective partition 21, and guide bolts 26 are threadedly fastened on both sides of the lower part of the partition block 20. The end of the guide bolt 26 is slidably engaged in the inner side of the guide groove 25, and the protective partition 21 can be slidably guided by the smooth section of the guide bolt 26.

[0050] The sixth motor 22 is used for the sliding drive of the protective partition 21. Figure 8 As shown, the sixth motor 22 is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the partition block 20, and a driving gear 23 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft end of the sixth motor 22. In order to mesh with the driving gear 23 for transmission, a driving tooth groove 24 is provided at the rear part of the protective partition 21. The driving gear 23 is meshed and connected with the tooth groove inside the driving tooth groove 24. After closing, the protective partition 21 shields the lens side of the second CCD camera 16. A protective lens is provided at the front part of the protective partition 21. During positioning, the protective partition 21 moves backward and retracts to fully expose the lens side of the second CCD camera 16, which is convenient for positioning image acquisition. During drilling processing, the protective partition 21 moves forward to shield the lens side of the second CCD camera 16. Shielding protection can prevent debris from contaminating the lens and affecting the positioning work, which can effectively improve the working reliability of the device.

[0051] Working principle or structural principle, workpiece installation is performed during working time, and the aviation sheet workpiece to be processed is installed on the upper part of the workpiece installation plate 4 by fastening the fixture, and it is ensured that the aviation sheet workpiece is installed straight and does not exceed the working area;

[0052] Then, the device is positioned for work. After the workpiece is installed, the device is started. The servo drill 13 is lowered to the positioning height under the drive of the third motor 8. The base point positioning and calibration are performed through the first CCD camera 15. The servo drill 13 is moved to the base point positioning position under the cooperative drive of the first motor 3 and the second motor 6. Then, the second CCD camera 16 is further calibrated. The processing hole spacing, angle and depth of the servo drill 13 are adjusted according to the work planning path to complete the positioning and calibration work.

[0053] After that, drilling processing is performed, and the workpiece is processed by the servo drilling machine 13 to open the hole position, which is specifically divided into the following processing conditions:

[0054] Single hole processing: for workpieces with fewer holes and inconvenient group planning, during processing, the servo drill 13 on one side is driven by the fifth motor 14 to move downward, and the servo drill 13 on this side is used as the processing part. Through mobile calibration positioning, the holes are opened and processed in sequence according to the planned path;

[0055] For equal-depth double-hole processing, for workpieces with the same hole depth, a large number of holes, and convenient group planning, the servo drills 13 on both sides maintain a synchronous working height during processing, and then the first CCD camera 15 and the second CCD camera 16 cooperate for positioning, and pre-group the processing holes according to the hole distribution, and divide the adjacent or spaced holes into a processing group, and then adjust the processing spacing of the two groups of servo drills 13 according to the hole spacing of the first group, and use the midpoint of the line connecting the two holes as the positioning base point, and then complete the mobile positioning of the servo drill 13, and then adjust the rotation angle of the servo drill 13 according to the angle of the line connecting the two holes. After calibration, the servo drill 13 moves down synchronously to complete the opening processing of the first group of planned holes, and then the servo drill 13 moves up and resets and performs mobile positioning for the next group of work, so as to complete all hole processing work in this cycle;

[0056] For the non-equal depth double hole processing, for workpieces with different hole depths but a large number of holes and convenient group planning, the processing spacing, base point positioning and working angle adjustment steps are completed in the same way, and then the servo drill 13 on the liftable side is driven by the fifth motor 14 to adjust the downward movement of the servo drill 13 according to the hole depth difference, and then the two groups of servo drills 13 are synchronously moved downward to open the holes, completing the opening of the non-equal depth double holes;

[0057] During the working process, after the first CCD camera 15 completes the preliminary positioning and calibration, the protective baffle 21 moves backward and is in an open state to keep the lens of the second CCD camera 16 exposed, and then the second CCD camera 16 completes further positioning and calibration work, and then the servo drill 13 moves down to perform drilling processing, and at the same time, the sixth motor 22 works to drive the protective baffle 21 forward through the driving gear 23 to shield and protect the lower part of the second CCD camera 16, thereby realizing the protection work of the lens;

[0058] After the processing is completed, the device is reset. After the processing is completed, the servo drill 13 moves up and out of the processing area. Then, the servo drill 13 is moved to the initial working position under the drive of the pedestal structure to complete the reset work. Then, the workpiece is disassembled to complete the processing.

[0059] In summary, the punching device adopts a double drilling rig structure, and two groups of servo drills 13 are arranged in the working part of the device. The two groups of servo drills 13 are connected and installed with the base structure through the servo turntable 10 and the working spacing is driven and adjusted by the fourth motor 12. A single action can complete the opening and processing of two groups of holes, which has higher processing efficiency than the traditional single drilling rig equipment. The two groups of servo drills 13 are connected and installed with the base structure through the servo turntable 10. Through rotation and spacing adjustment, combined with the hole position line midpoint positioning processing method, the device can meet the opening and processing requirements of holes with different hole position spacings and angular positions, which greatly improves the use flexibility of the device, and the servo drill 13 on one side is independently lifted and driven by the fifth motor 14. When performing the drilling work, the lifting and driving control of the servo drill 13 on one side is combined with the midpoint positioning processing method, so that a single hole and equal depth can be performed. The opening and processing of double holes and double holes of non-equal depths are flexible. The processing methods can be flexibly selected for different aviation panels. The diverse combinations enable the device to meet the processing needs of various distributed hole positions in the plane. A dual CCD camera visual positioning structure is adopted and a protective baffle 21 is provided at the lens of the CCD camera near the processing side at the lower part. The protective baffle 21 is movably installed and driven by the sixth motor 22 for sliding. During positioning, the protective baffle 21 moves backward and retracts to fully expose the lens side of the second CCD camera 16, which is convenient for positioning image acquisition. During drilling processing, the protective baffle 21 moves forward to shield the lens side of the second CCD camera 16. Shielding protection can prevent debris from contaminating the lens and affecting the positioning work. The protective baffle 21 has a simple structure and fast operation. The sliding shielding protection can effectively shield the lens side of the CCD camera from dust, which can effectively improve the working reliability of the device.

[0060] The present invention also provides a punching method for a punching device for aerospace materials, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1, workpiece installation, install the aviation sheet workpiece to be processed on the upper part of the workpiece mounting plate 4 by fastening the fixture, and ensure that the aviation sheet workpiece is installed straight and does not exceed the working area;

[0062] S2, work positioning, after the workpiece is installed, the equipment is started, the servo drill 13 is lowered to the positioning height under the drive of the third motor 8, the base point positioning calibration is performed through the first CCD camera 15, and the servo drill 13 is moved to the base point positioning position under the cooperative drive of the first motor 3 and the second motor 6, and then the second CCD camera 16 is further calibrated, and the processing hole spacing, angle and depth of the servo drill 13 are adjusted according to the work planning path to complete the positioning calibration work;

[0063] S3, drilling processing, the workpiece is processed by the servo drilling machine 13 to open the hole position, which is specifically divided into the following processing conditions:

[0064] S301, single hole processing, for a workpiece with fewer holes and inconvenient to group planning, during processing, the servo drill 13 on one side is driven by the fifth motor 14 to move downward, and the servo drill 13 on this side is used as the processing part, and the holes are opened and processed in sequence according to the planned path through mobile calibration positioning;

[0065] S302, equal-depth double-hole processing, for workpieces with the same hole depth, a large number of holes and convenient group planning, the servo drills 13 on both sides maintain a synchronous working height during processing, and then the first CCD camera 15 and the second CCD camera 16 cooperate for positioning, and pre-group the processing holes according to the hole distribution, and divide the adjacent or spaced holes into a processing group, and then adjust the processing spacing of the two groups of servo drills 13 according to the hole spacing of the first group, and use the midpoint of the line connecting the two holes as the positioning base point, and then complete the mobile positioning of the servo drill 13, and then adjust the rotation angle of the servo drill 13 according to the angle of the line connecting the two holes. After calibration, the servo drill 13 moves down synchronously to complete the opening processing of the first group of planned holes, and then the servo drill 13 moves up and resets and performs mobile positioning for the next group of work, so as to complete all hole processing work in this cycle;

[0066] S303, non-equal depth double hole processing, for workpieces with different hole depths but a large number of holes and convenient group planning, similarly complete the processing spacing, base point positioning and working angle adjustment steps, then the servo drill 13 on the liftable side is driven by the fifth motor 14 to adjust the downward movement of the servo drill 13 according to the hole depth difference, and then the two groups of servo drills 13 are synchronously moved downward to perform hole opening processing, completing the non-equal depth double hole opening processing;

[0067] S4, lens protection. After the first CCD camera 15 completes the preliminary positioning and calibration, the protective baffle 21 moves backward and is in an open state to keep the second CCD camera 16 lens exposed. Then, further positioning and calibration work is completed by the second CCD camera 16. Then, the servo drill 13 moves downward to perform drilling processing. At the same time, the sixth motor 22 drives the protective baffle 21 forward through the driving gear 23 to shield and protect the lower part of the second CCD camera 16, thereby realizing the protection of the lens.

[0068] S5, the device is reset. After the processing is completed, the servo drill 13 moves up and out of the processing area. Then, driven by the pedestal structure, the servo drill 13 moves to the initial working position to complete the reset work. Then, the workpiece is disassembled to complete the processing operation.

[0069] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations and / or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All of these combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling device for aerospace materials, comprising a gantry mechanism and a drilling mechanism for aerospace material processing, characterized in that: The gantry mechanism is used for supporting the work of the drilling mechanism, and comprises a drilling machine base (1), a gantry (2), a first motor (3) and a workpiece mounting plate (4); the gantry (2) is longitudinally slidably mounted on the upper part of the drilling machine base (1) under the drive of the first motor (3); and the workpiece mounting plate (4) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the drilling machine base (1); The drilling mechanism is installed on the upper part of the platform mechanism and is used for drilling holes in aviation materials. The drilling mechanism comprises a transverse platform (5), a second motor (6), a lifting platform (7), a third motor (8) and a drilling assembly. The transverse platform (5) is installed on the upper part of the gantry (2) by sliding in the transverse direction under the drive of the second motor (6). The lifting platform (7) is installed on the front part of the transverse platform (5) by lifting and sliding under the drive of the third motor (8). The drilling assembly is installed at the front of the lifting platform (7), and the drilling assembly comprises a drilling rig connecting seat (9), a servo turntable (10), a rotating support (11), a fourth motor (12), a servo drilling rig (13) and a fifth motor (14). The servo turntable (10) is installed at the front lower part of the lifting platform (7) through the drilling rig connecting seat (9), and the rotating support (11) is installed at the lower part of the servo turntable (10). The servo drilling rig (13) is arranged in pairs. Two groups of the servo drilling rigs (13) are slidably installed on both sides of the lower part of the rotating support (11) under the drive of the fourth motor (12), and one side of the servo drilling rig (13) is independently lifted and driven by the fifth motor (14); A first CCD camera (15) and a second CCD camera (16) are respectively arranged on the upper part of the servo turntable (10) and the rotating support (11); a protective baffle (21) and a sixth motor (22) are arranged on the lower part of the second CCD camera (16).

2. A punching device for aerospace materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Longitudinal guide columns are fixedly mounted on both sides of the middle of the drilling machine base (1); the lower part of the gantry (2) is slidably supported and mounted on the upper part of the longitudinal guide columns via sliding holes; the first motor (3) is fixedly mounted on the front side of the drilling machine base (1); a longitudinal driving screw is fixedly mounted on the end of the rotating shaft of the first motor (3); and the longitudinal driving screw is threadedly connected to a screw hole provided at the lower part of the gantry (2).

3. A punching device for aerospace materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A transverse guide column is fixedly mounted in the middle of the upper side of the gantry (2); the rear of the transverse platform (5) is slidably supported and mounted on the upper part of the transverse guide column via a sliding hole; the second motor (6) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the gantry (2); a transverse driving screw is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft end of the second motor (6); and the transverse driving screw is threadedly connected to a screw hole provided in the middle of the transverse platform (5).

4. A punching device for aerospace materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front part of the transverse moving platform (5) is fixedly mounted with a lifting guide column in a vertical shape, the lifting platform (7) is slidably supported and mounted on the upper part of the lifting guide column through a sliding hole, the third motor (8) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the transverse moving platform (5), and a lifting drive screw is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft end of the third motor (8), and the lifting drive screw is threadedly connected to a screw hole arranged in the middle part of the lifting platform (7).

5. A punching device for aerospace materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drilling rig seat (9) is fixedly installed on the front part of the lifting platform seat (7) by bolts, the upper part of the servo turntable (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drilling rig seat (9) by bolts, and the rotating support (11) is connected and installed to the bottom rotating part of the servo turntable (10) by bolts.

6. A punching device for aerospace materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sliding guide column is fixedly installed at the lower part of the rotating support (11), and a transverse support (17) is slidably installed at the upper part of the sliding guide column. The transverse supports (17) are arranged in pairs. The fourth motor (12) is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating support (11), and a sliding drive screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the fourth motor (12). The upper part of the transverse support (17) is threadedly connected to the sliding drive screw through a screw hole.

7. A punching device for aerospace materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fastening screw hole is provided on the side of the transverse support (17) on one side, and one group of the servo drills (13) is fixedly installed with the transverse support (17) on this side by bolts. A lifting guide groove is provided on the side of the transverse support (17) on the other side, and a support guide column (19) is installed inside the lifting guide groove. A lifting connecting block (18) is fixedly provided on the side of the other group of the servo drills (13). The slider portion of the lifting connecting block (18) is slidably engaged with the lifting guide groove, and the slider portion of the lifting connecting block (18) is slidably supported and installed on the upper part of the support guide column (19) through a sliding hole. A drilling rig driving screw is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the fifth motor (14), and the driving portion of the lifting connecting block (18) is threadedly connected with the drilling rig driving screw through a screw hole.

8. The punching device for aerospace materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first CCD camera (15) is fixedly mounted on the front side of the servo turntable (10) by means of bolts, a partition block (20) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the rotating support (11), the second CCD camera (16) is fixedly mounted in the lower part of the partition block (20), a partition mounting groove is provided in the lower part of the partition block (20), the front part of the protective partition (21) is slidably mounted on the inner side of the partition mounting groove, and when closed, the protective partition (21) shields the lens side of the second CCD camera (16), and a protective lens is provided in the front part of the protective partition (21).

9. A punching device for aerospace materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: Guide grooves (25) are provided on both sides of the middle of the protective baffle (21), and guide bolts (26) are threadedly fastened on both sides of the lower part of the partition block (20). The ends of the guide bolts (26) are slidably engaged with the inner side of the guide grooves (25). A driving tooth groove (24) is provided at the rear of the protective baffle (21), and the sixth motor (22) is fixedly engaged with the lower part of the partition block (20). A driving gear (23) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft end of the sixth motor (22), and the driving gear (23) is meshedly connected with the tooth groove inside the driving tooth groove (24).

10. A punching method for a punching device for aerospace materials according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, workpiece installation, installing the aviation sheet material workpiece to be processed on the upper part of the workpiece installation plate (4) by means of a fastening fixture, and ensuring that the aviation sheet material workpiece is installed straight and does not exceed the working area; S2, work positioning, after the workpiece is installed, the equipment is started, the servo drill (13) is lowered to the positioning height under the drive of the third motor (8), the base point positioning calibration is performed through the first CCD camera (15), and the servo drill (13) is moved to the base point positioning position under the cooperative drive of the first motor (3) and the second motor (6), and then the second CCD camera (16) is further calibrated, and the processing hole spacing, rotation angle and depth of the servo drill (13) are adjusted according to the work planning path to complete the positioning calibration work; S3, drilling processing, using the servo drilling machine (13) to perform hole opening processing on the workpiece, which is specifically divided into the following processing conditions: S301, single hole processing, for a workpiece with a small number of holes and inconvenient group planning, during processing, the servo drill (13) on one side is driven by the fifth motor (14) to move downward, and the servo drill (13) on this side is used as a processing part, and the holes are opened and processed in sequence according to the planned path through mobile calibration positioning; S302, equal-depth double-hole processing, for workpieces with the same hole depth, a large number of holes and convenient group planning, the servo drills (13) on both sides maintain a synchronous working height during processing, and then the first CCD camera (15) and the second CCD camera (16) cooperate for positioning, and pre-group the processing holes according to the hole distribution, and divide the adjacent or spaced holes into a processing group, and then adjust the processing spacing of the two groups of servo drills (13) according to the hole spacing of the first group, and use the midpoint of the line connecting the two holes as the positioning base point, and then complete the mobile positioning of the servo drill (13), and then adjust the rotation angle of the servo drill (13) according to the angle of the line connecting the two holes. After calibration, the servo drill (13) moves down synchronously to complete the opening processing of the first group of planned holes, and then the servo drill (13) moves up to reset and performs mobile positioning for the next group of work, so as to complete all hole processing work in this cycle; S303, non-equal depth double hole processing, for a workpiece with different hole depths but a large number of holes and convenient group planning, the processing spacing, base point positioning and working angle adjustment steps are completed in the same way, and then the servo drill (13) on the elevating side is driven by the fifth motor (14) to adjust the downward movement of the servo drill (13) according to the hole depth difference, and then the two groups of servo drills (13) are synchronously moved downward to perform hole opening processing, completing the non-equal depth double hole opening processing; S4, lens protection, after the first CCD camera (15) completes preliminary positioning and calibration, the protective baffle (21) moves backward and is in an open state to keep the lens of the second CCD camera (16) exposed, and then further positioning and calibration work is completed by the second CCD camera (16), and then the servo drill (13) moves downward to perform drilling processing, and at the same time, the sixth motor (22) works to drive the protective baffle (21) to move forward through the driving gear (23) to block and protect the lower part of the second CCD camera (16), thereby achieving lens protection work; S5, the device is reset. After the processing is completed, the servo drill (13) moves up and out of the processing area. Then, driven by the pedestal structure, the servo drill (13) moves to the initial working position to complete the reset work. Then, the workpiece is disassembled to complete the processing operation.

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