Saline-alkali soil modifier and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil improver and a use method thereof, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that an existing saline-alkali soil improver cannot remarkably improve the soil structure of saline-alkali soil with the high salinization degree, consequently, the soil water stability is low, and plants are difficult to grow normally. The flue gas desulfurization gypsum comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 800-1200 parts of flue gas desulfurization gypsum, 10-60 parts of aluminum sulfate and 20-70 parts of an organic material, through use of the desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, an organic material, sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, chitosan, a dispersant, a biological agent, a wormcast fermentation broth, wood vinegar, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polysaccharide, hydrogel, plant peptide and polyurethane, the saline-alkali soil structure with a high salinization degree is significantly improved; the soil water stability is effectively improved, and the normal growth of plants is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land improvement, and in particular to a saline-alkali land improver and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil salinization refers to the process in which the salt in the bottom soil or groundwater rises to the surface with capillary water, and after the water evaporates, the salt accumulates in the surface soil. It is a phenomenon or process in which soluble salt accumulates on the surface of the soil. Under the strong interference of human beings, grassland degradation, desertification and salinization are becoming more and more serious, and the loss of biodiversity is accelerating. Due to the continuous evaporation of groundwater and soil moisture, the soil salt content increases sharply, resulting in secondary salinization or aggravating the degree of primary saline-alkali land. Therefore, groundwater is the decisive condition for soil salinization. The prevention and control measures for soil salinization include water conservancy improvement, agricultural technology improvement, biological improvement and chemical improvement.

[0003] The patent document with publication number CN108633368A discloses a coastal saline-alkali soil conditioner and a method of using the same, which includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 10-15 parts of sulfur, 15-25 parts of humic acid, 5-15 parts of fermented pine needles, 0.2-1 parts of composite microbial agent, and 5-10 parts of carbon source. The coastal saline-alkali soil conditioner and the method of using the same provided by the present invention are low in cost, simple in construction, environmentally friendly, and have a good effect in reducing soil salinity;

[0004] The patent document with publication number CN117004398A discloses a saline-alkali land improver and its preparation and use methods, which include: composed of the following components, each component is measured by mass percentage, 75%-80% of humic acid grafted acrylic acid polymer, 5.0%-10.0% of guanidine sulfate or guanidine carbonate, 5.0%-10.0% of N-[2-(2-methoxy-5-nitro-phenoxy)ethyl]pyridinium chloride, and 5.0%-10.0% of [2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-ethyl]hexadecyl diethyl ammonium bromide. The improver prepared by the present invention has the functions of reducing the salinity and alkali content of the cultivated layer soil, improving the salt-alkali tolerance of crops and conserving water and saving water, can make the salinity and alkali components in the soil leave the root system of crops, reduce the stress of salinity and alkali on crops, improve the seed emergence rate and crop yield, and is particularly suitable for drip irrigation operations. The dosage for each use is 0.05-0.5 kg / mu, with small dosage, good effect, low cost and simple operation, and is particularly suitable for comprehensive management of large-scale saline-alkali land in arid and water-deficient areas.

[0005] However, in the above patent documents, the saline-alkali land conditioner cannot significantly improve the soil structure of saline-alkali land with a high degree of salinization, which in turn leads to low soil water stability and makes it difficult for plants to grow normally. For this reason, we propose a saline-alkali land conditioner and a method of using the same to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art that saline-alkali land improvers cannot significantly improve the soil structure of saline-alkali land with a high degree of salinization, thereby resulting in low soil water stability and making it difficult for plants to grow normally, and to propose a saline-alkali land improver and a method of using the same.

[0007] The present application provides a saline-alkali land improver and a method of using the same, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A saline-alkali land improver comprises raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 800-1200 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 10-60 parts of aluminum sulfate, 20-70 parts of organic materials, 15-45 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10-60 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10-60 parts of carbodiimide, 10-40 parts of acrylic acid, 15-45 parts of chitosan, 20-50 parts of dispersant, 20-50 parts of biological bacterial agent, 20-60 parts of earthworm manure fermentation liquid, 10-50 parts of wood vinegar, 10-40 parts of calcium silicate, 10-40 parts of alginic acid, 15-45 parts of polysaccharide, 10-30 parts of hydrogel, 20-45 parts of plant peptide and 20-45 parts of polyamino acid.

[0009] Furthermore, the raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 900-1000 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 20-40 parts of aluminum sulfate, 30-50 parts of organic materials, 25-35 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 20-40 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20-40 parts of carbamide, 20-30 parts of acrylic acid, 25-35 parts of chitosan, 30-40 parts of dispersant, 30-40 parts of biological bacteria, 30-50 parts of earthworm castings fermentation liquid, 20-40 parts of wood vinegar, 20-30 parts of calcium silicate, 20-30 parts of alginate, 25-35 parts of polysaccharides, 20-30 parts of hydrogel, 30-45 parts of plant peptides, and 30-45 parts of polyamino acid.

[0010] Furthermore, the raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 950 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts of aluminum sulfate, 40 parts of organic materials, 30 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 30 parts of carbamide, 25 parts of acrylic acid, 30 parts of chitosan, 35 parts of dispersant, 35 parts of biological bacteria agent, 40 parts of earthworm castings fermentation liquid, 30 parts of wood vinegar, 25 parts of calcium silicate, 25 parts of alginate, 30 parts of polysaccharide, 25 parts of hydrogel, 38 parts of plant peptide and 38 parts of polyamino acid.

[0011] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1: dissolving the raw materials in deionized water to obtain an aqueous phase;

[0013] S2: mixing the raw materials in an organic solvent to obtain an oil phase;

[0014] S3: uniformly mixing the obtained water phase and oil phase to obtain a mixture;

[0015] S4: polymerizing the mixture and the coating monomer to obtain the improver.

[0016] Furthermore, in S1, sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polyurethane, and aluminum sulfate are added to deionized water at a temperature of 220° C. and an acid catalyst is added;

[0017] The chemical reaction equation of ammonium sulfate, carbamide and acrylic acid is: (NH4)2SO 4 +CO(NH 2 )2+C3H4O 2 →CxHyNzOw+NH 3 +CO 2 +H2SO 4 ;

[0018] The chemical reaction equation of polyurethane and aluminum sulfate is: 2NH 2 CH 2 COOH+Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 →(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 +2CH 2 COOAl(SO 4 )+2H 2 O;

[0019] The chemical reaction equation of calcium silicate and alginate is: CaSiO 3 +H 2 A→CaA+SiO 2 +H 2 O (wherein A represents alginate ion or a simplified carboxylate ion), and the reaction obtains an aqueous phase, which is used to provide the necessary ions and dispersion environment for the reaction.

[0020] Further, in S2, desulfurized gypsum, organic materials, chitosan, dispersants, biological agents, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharides, hydrogels, and plant peptides are mixed in an organic solvent, the organic solvent includes ethylene glycol, and the organic solvent dissolves and disperses the raw materials to promote the reaction, under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 80° C. and a reaction pressure of 100 kPa;

[0021] The chemical reaction process of desulfurized gypsum, organic materials and chitosan is as follows: the reactivity of organic materials and chitosan is enhanced, and desulfurized gypsum is decomposed; specifically: CaSO 4and -OH and -NH in chitosan molecules 2 React to form chemical bonds or hydrogen bonds;

[0022] The chemical reaction process of the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid is as follows: the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic waste through the synergistic effect of microorganisms in the reaction; specifically, the dispersant promotes the dispersion of organic matter and microorganisms in the earthworm manure fermentation liquid in water, increases the contact area between the organic matter and the plant root system, and thus improves the fertilizer efficiency; the microorganisms in the biological agent use the organic matter in the earthworm manure fermentation liquid as a nutrient source for growth and reproduction, and at the same time produce some substances that are beneficial to plant growth; the components in the earthworm manure fermentation liquid promote the activity of the microorganisms in the biological agent, and enhance their ability to improve the soil environment and promote plant growth;

[0023] The chemical reaction process of wood vinegar, polysaccharides, hydrogels and plant peptides is as follows: hydrogels are used as carriers or media, and are formed by cross-linking reactions of high molecular weight substances such as polysaccharides. Polysaccharides and cross-linking agents are mixed in a certain proportion and dissolved in a solvent. Polysaccharide molecular chains react chemically with the cross-linking agent to form covalent bonds, thereby cross-linking into a three-dimensional network structure. Specifically, -OH in the polysaccharide and the epoxy group in the cross-linking agent undergo a ring-opening reaction to form new covalent bonds, thereby cross-linking the molecules of the polysaccharide together; the reaction formula is: P-OH+C→POCOP. In this reaction equation, P-OH represents the hydroxyl group (or other functional group that can react with the cross-linking agent) in the polysaccharide molecule, C represents the cross-linking agent molecule, and the reaction product is a cross-linked polysaccharide molecule, in which two polysaccharide molecules are connected together by the cross-linking agent molecule. In the reaction, the polysaccharide mainly provides structural support and biocompatibility, and the reaction obtains an oil phase, which is used to provide a stable oil phase environment for the polymerization reaction. Specifically, the organic acids and phenolic substances in wood vinegar react with -OH in polysaccharides to generate new compounds; the amino acid residues in plant peptides react with wood vinegar to form new peptide bonds;

[0024] Furthermore, in S3, an aqueous phase composed of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, and polyamino acid and an oil phase composed of desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic material, chitosan, a dispersant, a biological agent, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharides, hydrogel, and plant peptides are fully mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0025] Further, in S4, in the presence of an inert atmosphere and an initiator, a mixture consisting of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polyurethane, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic material, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide and a coating monomer are subjected to a polymerization reaction. The reaction process is as follows: the mixture, coating monomer, initiator, and catalyst are added to a reactor. Under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen), the polymerization reaction is triggered by heating. The initiator will decompose to produce free radicals or other active species. The active species will attack the monomer molecules to initiate a chain polymerization reaction. During the reaction, the reaction temperature is 100° C., the reaction pressure is 120 kPa, and the reaction time is 6 hours. The coating monomer is used to form coated microcapsules during the polymerization process. The aqueous phase, the oil phase, and the coating monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to generate a reverse microcapsule suspension emulsion, i.e., a soil conditioner.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for using a saline-alkali land improving agent, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Deeply plow and dig the saline-alkali land to be treated, plow 30-40 cm deep, turn the surface salt to the lower layer, and then level the soil;

[0028] Step 2: Use a large amount of fresh water for irrigation, so that the water can evenly infiltrate and flush the soil salt;

[0029] Step 3: After the surface soil of the saline-alkali land is dry, take the saline-alkali land improver and water and dilute them at a ratio of 1:200;

[0030] Step 4: Spray the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner evenly on the ground surface. The amount of the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner is 8-12 tons / hectare;

[0031] Step 5: Regularly monitor soil salinity and other indicators, and adjust the amount and frequency of application of amendments based on the monitoring results.

[0032] Chitosan is the product of N-deacetylation of chitin. Chitin, chitosan and cellulose have similar chemical structures. 2 The hydroxyl group is at the C 2The amino group in the chitosan molecule is replaced by an acetylamino group and an amino group respectively. Chitin and chitosan have many unique properties such as biodegradability, cell affinity and biological effects. In particular, chitosan containing free amino groups is the only alkaline polysaccharide among natural polysaccharides. The amino group in the chitosan molecular structure is more reactive than the acetylamino group in the chitin molecule, which makes the polysaccharide have excellent biological functions and can undergo chemical modification reactions. Therefore, chitosan is considered to be a functional biomaterial with greater application potential than cellulose. Chitosan is the product of the natural polysaccharide chitin removing some acetyl groups. It has multiple physiological functions such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, antibacterial, anti-cancer, lipid-lowering, and immune enhancement. It is widely used in food additives, textiles, agriculture, environmental protection, beauty and health care, cosmetics, antibacterial agents, medical fibers, medical dressings, artificial tissue materials, drug sustained-release materials, gene transduction vectors, biomedical fields, medical absorbable materials, tissue engineering carrier materials, medical and drug development and many other fields and other daily chemical industries;

[0033] Calcium silicate is an inorganic substance with the chemical formula CaSiO 3 , mostly needle-shaped crystals, white powder, odorless, non-toxic, soluble in strong acid, insoluble in water, alcohol and alkali. When heated to 680-700℃, the crystal water is removed and the crystal shape does not change. Calcium silicate microcrystalline slurry is generated by mixing silicic acid, quicklime and water in a certain proportion and then undergoing hydrothermal reaction. It is obtained by filtering, washing and drying. Calcium silicate is made by calcining and melting calcium carbonate and silicon dioxide at high temperature. Due to different generation conditions, the crystal form is different and the use is also different. It is mainly used as building materials, thermal insulation materials, refractory materials, physical pigments and carriers of coatings, filter aids, candy polishing agents, gum powder, rice coating agents, suspending agents, analytical reagents;

[0034] Alginic acid is a natural polysaccharide uronic acid found in the cell walls of brown algae such as kelp and giant kelp. 6 H 8 O 6 ) n . A linear copolymer formed by 1,4-bonding of β-D-mannuronic acid (M) and α-L-guluronic acid (G). The content of G and M in alginate has a significant effect on the gelling properties of the fiber. Alginate exists in the cytoplasm in its natural state and plays a role in strengthening the cell wall. Alginate combines with various cations in seawater to form various alginates. The extract obtained from seaweed is usually sodium alginate. Sodium alginate has the properties of thickening, suspending, emulsifying, stabilizing, forming gels, forming films and spinning fibers. It has a long and wide range of uses in industries such as food, papermaking and cosmetics. In particular, it has been found to have important uses in the field of biomedical engineering in recent years.

[0035] Sodium lignin sulfonate is an organic substance with the chemical formula C 20 H 24 Na 2 O 10 S 2 Lignin is a natural high molecular polymer whose content in nature is second only to cellulose and chitin. One of its most widely used uses is to convert it into lignin sulfonate through sulfonation modification, including sodium ligninsulfonate. Sodium ligninsulfonate can be used as an admixture for polymers and concrete, and has the advantages of low cost and environmental friendliness.

[0036] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0037] 1. The organic materials in this scheme can improve the soil structure and enhance the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer. The biological agents can regulate the soil pH and enhance the soil's nutrient capacity through root secretions and metabolites, thereby improving the soil environment of saline-alkali land;

[0038] 2. In this scheme, calcium silicate, alginic acid and polysaccharides can regulate the interaction between plant roots and the soil environment, improve the growth environment of plant roots, and utilize plants to increase soil fertility and improve soil structure.

[0039] The present invention significantly improves the soil structure of saline-alkali land with a high degree of salinization by using desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, chitosan, dispersant, biological bacteria agent, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polysaccharide, hydrogel, plant peptide and polyamino acid, thereby effectively improving the soil water stability and ensuring the normal growth of plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] A saline-alkali land improver comprises raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 20 parts of organic materials, 15 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10 parts of carbamide, 10 parts of acrylic acid, 15 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of dispersant, 20 parts of biological bacterial agent, 20 parts of earthworm manure fermentation liquid, 10 parts of wood vinegar, 10 parts of calcium silicate, 10 parts of alginate, 15 parts of polysaccharide, 10 parts of hydrogel, 20 parts of plant peptide and 20 parts of polyamino acid.

[0043] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1: Sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polyurethane, and aluminum sulfate are placed in deionized water at a temperature of 220°C and an acid catalyst is added;

[0045] The chemical reaction equation of ammonium sulfate, carbamide and acrylic acid is: (NH4)2SO 4 +CO(NH 2 )2+C3H4O _2 →CxHyNzOw+NH 3 +CO 2 +H2SO 4 ;

[0046] The chemical reaction equation of polyurethane and aluminum sulfate is: 2NH 2 CH 2 COOH+Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 →(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 +2CH 2 COOAl(SO 4 )+2H 2 O;

[0047] The chemical reaction equation of calcium silicate and alginate is: CaSiO 3 +H 2 A→CaA+SiO 2 +H 2 O (where A represents alginate ion or simplified carboxylate ion), the reaction obtains an aqueous phase, which is used to provide the necessary ions and dispersion environment for the reaction;

[0048] S2: Mixing desulfurized gypsum, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide in an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent includes ethylene glycol, and the organic solvent dissolves and disperses the raw materials to promote the reaction, under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 80° C. and a reaction pressure of 100 kPa;

[0049] The chemical reaction process of desulfurized gypsum, organic materials and chitosan is as follows: the reactivity of organic materials and chitosan is enhanced, and desulfurized gypsum is decomposed; specifically: CaSO 4 and -OH and -NH in chitosan molecules 2 React to form chemical bonds or hydrogen bonds;

[0050] The chemical reaction process of the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid is as follows: the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic waste through the synergistic effect of microorganisms in the reaction; specifically, the dispersant promotes the dispersion of organic matter and microorganisms in the earthworm manure fermentation liquid in water, increases the contact area between the organic matter and the plant root system, and thus improves the fertilizer efficiency; the microorganisms in the biological agent use the organic matter in the earthworm manure fermentation liquid as a nutrient source for growth and reproduction, and at the same time produce some substances that are beneficial to plant growth; the components in the earthworm manure fermentation liquid promote the activity of the microorganisms in the biological agent, and enhance their ability to improve the soil environment and promote plant growth;

[0051] The chemical reaction process of wood vinegar, polysaccharides, hydrogels and plant peptides is as follows: hydrogels are used as carriers or media, and are formed by cross-linking reactions of high molecular weight substances such as polysaccharides. Polysaccharides and cross-linking agents are mixed in a certain proportion and dissolved in a solvent. Polysaccharide molecular chains react chemically with cross-linking agents to form covalent bonds, thereby cross-linking into a three-dimensional network structure. Specifically, -OH in the polysaccharide and the epoxy group in the cross-linking agent undergo a ring-opening reaction to form new covalent bonds, thereby cross-linking the molecules of the polysaccharide together; the reaction formula is: P-OH+C→POCOP. In this reaction equation, , P-OH represents the hydroxyl group (or other functional group that can react with the crosslinking agent) in the polysaccharide molecule, C represents the crosslinking agent molecule, and the reaction product is a crosslinked polysaccharide molecule, in which two polysaccharide molecules are connected together by the crosslinking agent molecule. In the reaction, the polysaccharide mainly provides structural support and biocompatibility, and the oil phase obtained by the reaction is used to provide a stable oil phase environment for the polymerization reaction; specifically, the organic acids and phenolic substances in the wood vinegar react with the -OH in the polysaccharide to generate new compounds; the amino acid residues in the plant peptide react with the wood vinegar to form new peptide bonds;

[0052] S3: fully mixing the aqueous phase composed of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, and polyamino acid and the oil phase composed of desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological bacteria, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide to obtain a mixture;

[0053] S4: In the presence of an inert atmosphere and an initiator, a mixture consisting of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginate, polyamino acid, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, plant peptide and a coating monomer are subjected to a polymerization reaction. The reaction process is as follows: the mixture, coating monomer, initiator and catalyst are added to a reactor. Under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen), the polymerization reaction is triggered by heating. The initiator will decompose to produce free radicals or other active species. The active species will attack the monomer molecules to initiate a chain polymerization reaction. During the reaction, the reaction temperature is 100°C, the reaction pressure is 120 kPa, and the reaction time is 6 hours. The coating monomer is used to form coated microcapsules during the polymerization process. The aqueous phase, the oil phase and the coating monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to generate a reverse microcapsule suspension emulsion, i.e., a soil conditioner.

[0054] This embodiment also proposes a method for using a saline-alkali land modifier, comprising the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Deeply plow and dig the saline-alkali land to be treated, plow 30-40 cm deep, turn the surface salt to the lower layer, and then level the soil;

[0056] Step 2: Use a large amount of fresh water for irrigation, so that the water can evenly infiltrate and flush the soil salt;

[0057] Step 3: After the surface soil of the saline-alkali land is dry, take the saline-alkali land improver and water and dilute them at a ratio of 1:200;

[0058] Step 4: Spray the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner evenly on the ground surface. The amount of the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner is 8 tons / hectare (in the use process of existing soil conditioners, most of them are deep plowing, diluting the conditioner and spraying it evenly on the ground surface, and then irrigating with water. The concentration of the conditioner cannot be guaranteed, and the soil salt is not pre-treated, which affects the improvement effect of the conditioner);

[0059] Step 5: Regularly monitor soil salinity and other indicators, and adjust the amount and frequency of application of amendments based on the monitoring results.

[0060] Experimental Design

[0061] 1. Effects of traditional improvement methods and saline-alkali soil conditioners on saline-alkali soil improvement

[0062] Weigh equal amounts of saline-alkali soil and place them in four flower pots, and plant corn plants respectively. Organic fertilizer, lime, and improvers containing calcium silicate, alginic acid, polysaccharides, and hydrogels are added to the soil in three of the flower pots, and nothing is added to the soil in the other flower pot (as a comparison). Digital labels are set on the four flower pots, namely, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4. After that, they are cultured at 25°C for 80 days. On the 80th day, samples are taken, and the chloride ion and sodium ion content, the number of aggregates, and the water content of the samples are tested by a soil analyzer.

[0063] Table 1 Experimental data of different improved methods

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] The above table shows that the use of modifiers containing calcium silicate, alginic acid, polysaccharides and hydrogels can effectively increase the content of soil organic matter and available nutrients, and at the same time effectively improve soil structure, break up soil compaction, and promote soil water infiltration;

[0067] 2. Effects of different concentrations of saline-alkali soil conditioners on saline-alkali soil improvement

[0068] The method was carried out in a randomized block arrangement, with five sampling points set up and white thorn fruit planted. The amendments containing calcium silicate, alginic acid, polysaccharides and hydrogel were applied in different concentration gradients. After 5 months, the physical and chemical properties of the soil were sampled and analyzed to test the effect of the agent.

[0069] Table 2 Test data of saline-alkali land improvers at different concentrations

[0070]

[0071] The above table shows that when the dosage of saline-alkali land conditioner is 10-20 ml / m2, the soil desalination rate is 40%-50%, and the pH value does not change very obviously. When the dosage increases to 30 ml / m2, the soil desalination rate can reach 80%, and the pH value also decreases.

[0072] Embodiment 2

[0073] A saline-alkali land improver comprises raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 900 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 20 parts of aluminum sulfate, 30 parts of organic materials, 20 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20 parts of carbamide, 15 parts of acrylic acid, 20 parts of chitosan, 25 parts of dispersant, 25 parts of biological bacterial agent, 30 parts of earthworm manure fermentation liquid, 20 parts of wood vinegar, 15 parts of calcium silicate, 15 parts of alginate, 20 parts of polysaccharide, 15 parts of hydrogel, 25 parts of plant peptide and 25 parts of polyamino acid.

[0074] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1: Sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polyurethane, and aluminum sulfate are placed in deionized water at a temperature of 220°C and an acid catalyst is added;

[0076] The chemical reaction equation of ammonium sulfate, carbamide and acrylic acid is: (NH4)2SO 4 +CO(NH 2 )2+C3H4O _2 →CxHyNzOw+NH 3 +CO 2 +H2SO 4 ;

[0077] The chemical reaction equation of polyurethane and aluminum sulfate is: 2NH 2 CH 2 COOH+Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 →(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 +2CH 2 COOAl(SO 4 )+2H 2 O;

[0078] The chemical reaction equation of calcium silicate and alginate is: CaSiO 3 +H 2 A→CaA+SiO 2 +H 2 O (where A represents alginate ion or simplified carboxylate ion), the reaction obtains an aqueous phase, which is used to provide the necessary ions and dispersion environment for the reaction;

[0079] S2: Mixing desulfurized gypsum, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide in an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent includes ethylene glycol, and the organic solvent dissolves and disperses the raw materials to promote the reaction, under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 80° C. and a reaction pressure of 100 kPa;

[0080] The chemical reaction process of desulfurized gypsum, organic materials and chitosan is as follows: the reactivity of organic materials and chitosan is enhanced, and desulfurized gypsum is decomposed;

[0081] The chemical reaction process of the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid is as follows: the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic waste through the synergistic effect of microorganisms in the reaction;

[0082] The chemical reaction process of wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel and plant peptide is as follows: hydrogel is used as a carrier or medium, and is formed by a cross-linking reaction of a high molecular weight substance such as a polysaccharide. The polysaccharide and the cross-linking agent are mixed in a certain proportion and dissolved in a solvent. The polysaccharide molecular chain reacts chemically with the cross-linking agent to form a covalent bond, thereby cross-linking into a three-dimensional network structure. Specifically, -OH in the polysaccharide and the epoxy group in the cross-linking agent undergo a ring-opening reaction to form a new covalent bond, thereby cross-linking the polysaccharide molecules together; the reaction formula is: P-OH+C→POCOP, in which P-OH represents the hydroxyl group (or other functional group that can react with the cross-linking agent) in the polysaccharide molecule, C represents the cross-linking agent molecule, and the reaction product is a cross-linked polysaccharide molecule, in which two polysaccharide molecules are connected together by a cross-linking agent molecule. In the reaction, the polysaccharide mainly provides structural support and biocompatibility, and the reaction obtains an oil phase, which is used to provide a stable oil phase environment for the polymerization reaction;

[0083] S3: fully mixing the aqueous phase composed of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, and polyamino acid and the oil phase composed of desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological bacteria, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide to obtain a mixture;

[0084] S4: In the presence of an inert atmosphere and an initiator, a mixture consisting of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginate, polyamino acid, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, plant peptide and a coating monomer are subjected to a polymerization reaction. The reaction process is as follows: the mixture, coating monomer, initiator and catalyst are added to a reactor. Under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen), the polymerization reaction is triggered by heating. The initiator will decompose to produce free radicals or other active species. The active species will attack the monomer molecules to initiate a chain polymerization reaction. During the reaction, the reaction temperature is 100°C, the reaction pressure is 120 kPa, and the reaction time is 6 hours. The coating monomer is used to form coated microcapsules during the polymerization process. The aqueous phase, the oil phase and the coating monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to generate a reverse microcapsule suspension emulsion, i.e., a soil conditioner.

[0085] This embodiment also proposes a method for using a saline-alkali land modifier, comprising the following steps:

[0086] Step 1: Deeply plow and dig the saline-alkali land to be treated, plow 30-40 cm deep, turn the surface salt to the lower layer, and then level the soil;

[0087] Step 2: Use a large amount of fresh water for irrigation, so that the water can evenly infiltrate and flush the soil salt;

[0088] Step 3: After the surface soil of the saline-alkali land is dry, take the saline-alkali land improver and water and dilute them at a ratio of 1:200;

[0089] Step 4: Spray the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner evenly on the ground surface. The amount of the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner is 9 tons / hectare (in the use process of existing soil conditioners, most of them are deep plowing, diluting the conditioner and spraying it evenly on the ground surface, and then irrigating with water. The concentration of the conditioner cannot be guaranteed, and the soil salt is not pre-treated, which affects the improvement effect of the conditioner);

[0090] Step 5: Regularly monitor soil salinity and other indicators, and adjust the amount and frequency of application of amendments based on the monitoring results.

[0091] Embodiment 3

[0092] A saline-alkali land improver comprises raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts of aluminum sulfate, 40 parts of organic materials, 25 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 30 parts of carbamide, 20 parts of acrylic acid, 25 parts of chitosan, 30 parts of dispersant, 30 parts of biological bacterial agent, 40 parts of earthworm manure fermentation liquid, 30 parts of wood vinegar, 20 parts of calcium silicate, 20 parts of alginate, 25 parts of polysaccharide, 20 parts of hydrogel, 30 parts of plant peptide and 30 parts of polyamino acid.

[0093] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0094] S1: Sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polyurethane, and aluminum sulfate are placed in deionized water at a temperature of 220°C and an acid catalyst is added;

[0095] The chemical reaction equation of ammonium sulfate, carbamide and acrylic acid is: (NH4)2SO 4 +CO(NH 2 )2+C3H4O _2 →CxHyNzOw+NH 3 +CO 2 +H2SO 4 ;

[0096] The chemical reaction equation of polyurethane and aluminum sulfate is: 2NH 2 CH 2 COOH+Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 →(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 +2CH 2 COOAl(SO 4 )+2H2 O;

[0097] The chemical reaction equation of calcium silicate and alginate is: CaSiO 3 +H 2 A→CaA+SiO 2 +H 2 O (where A represents alginate ion or simplified carboxylate ion), the reaction obtains an aqueous phase, which is used to provide the necessary ions and dispersion environment for the reaction;

[0098] S2: Mixing desulfurized gypsum, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide in an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent includes ethylene glycol, and the organic solvent dissolves and disperses the raw materials to promote the reaction, under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 80° C. and a reaction pressure of 100 kPa;

[0099] The chemical reaction process of desulfurized gypsum, organic materials and chitosan is as follows: the reactivity of organic materials and chitosan is enhanced, and desulfurized gypsum is decomposed;

[0100] The chemical reaction process of the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid is as follows: the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic waste through the synergistic effect of microorganisms in the reaction;

[0101] The chemical reaction process of wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel and plant peptide is as follows: hydrogel is used as a carrier or medium, and is formed by a cross-linking reaction of a high molecular weight substance such as a polysaccharide. The polysaccharide and the cross-linking agent are mixed in a certain proportion and dissolved in a solvent. The polysaccharide molecular chain reacts chemically with the cross-linking agent to form a covalent bond, thereby cross-linking into a three-dimensional network structure. Specifically, -OH in the polysaccharide and the epoxy group in the cross-linking agent undergo a ring-opening reaction to form a new covalent bond, thereby cross-linking the polysaccharide molecules together; the reaction formula is: P-OH+C→POCOP, in which P-OH represents the hydroxyl group (or other functional group that can react with the cross-linking agent) in the polysaccharide molecule, C represents the cross-linking agent molecule, and the reaction product is a cross-linked polysaccharide molecule, in which two polysaccharide molecules are connected together by a cross-linking agent molecule. In the reaction, the polysaccharide mainly provides structural support and biocompatibility, and the reaction obtains an oil phase, which is used to provide a stable oil phase environment for the polymerization reaction;

[0102] S3: fully mixing the aqueous phase composed of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, and polyamino acid and the oil phase composed of desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological bacteria, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide to obtain a mixture;

[0103] S4: In the presence of an inert atmosphere and an initiator, a mixture consisting of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginate, polyamino acid, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, plant peptide and a coating monomer are subjected to a polymerization reaction. The reaction process is as follows: the mixture, coating monomer, initiator and catalyst are added to a reactor. Under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen), the polymerization reaction is triggered by heating. The initiator will decompose to produce free radicals or other active species. The active species will attack the monomer molecules to initiate a chain polymerization reaction. During the reaction, the reaction temperature is 100°C, the reaction pressure is 120 kPa, and the reaction time is 6 hours. The coating monomer is used to form coated microcapsules during the polymerization process. The aqueous phase, the oil phase and the coating monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to generate a reverse microcapsule suspension emulsion, i.e., a soil conditioner.

[0104] This embodiment also proposes a method for using a saline-alkali land modifier, comprising the following steps:

[0105] Step 1: Deeply plow and dig the saline-alkali land to be treated, plow 30-40 cm deep, turn the surface salt to the lower layer, and then level the soil;

[0106] Step 2: Use a large amount of fresh water for irrigation, so that the water can evenly infiltrate and flush the soil salt;

[0107] Step 3: After the surface soil of the saline-alkali land is dry, take the saline-alkali land improver and water and dilute them at a ratio of 1:200;

[0108] Step 4: Spray the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner evenly on the ground surface. The amount of the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner is 10 tons / hectare (in the use of existing soil conditioners, most of them are deep plowing, diluting the conditioner and spraying it evenly on the ground surface, and then irrigating with water. The concentration of the conditioner cannot be guaranteed, and the soil salt is not pre-treated, which affects the improvement effect of the conditioner);

[0109] Step 5: Regularly monitor soil salinity and other indicators, and adjust the amount and frequency of application of amendments based on the monitoring results.

[0110] Embodiment 4

[0111] A saline-alkali land improver comprises raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1,100 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 45 parts of aluminum sulfate, 55 parts of organic materials, 30 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 45 parts of ammonium sulfate, 45 parts of carbodiamide, 30 parts of acrylic acid, 35 parts of chitosan, 40 parts of dispersant, 40 parts of biological bacterial agent, 50 parts of earthworm manure fermentation liquid, 40 parts of wood vinegar, 30 parts of calcium silicate, 30 parts of alginate, 35 parts of polysaccharide, 25 parts of hydrogel, 35 parts of plant peptide and 35 parts of polyamino acid.

[0112] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0113] S1: Sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polyurethane, and aluminum sulfate are placed in deionized water at a temperature of 220°C and an acid catalyst is added;

[0114] The chemical reaction equation of ammonium sulfate, carbamide and acrylic acid is: (NH4)2SO 4 +CO(NH 2 )2+C3H4O _2 →CxHyNzOw+NH 3 +CO 2 +H2SO 4 ;

[0115] The chemical reaction equation of polyurethane and aluminum sulfate is: 2NH 2 CH 2 COOH+Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 →(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 +2CH 2 COOAl(SO 4 )+2H 2 O;

[0116] The chemical reaction equation of calcium silicate and alginate is: CaSiO 3 +H 2 A→CaA+SiO 2 +H 2 O (where A represents alginate ion or simplified carboxylate ion), the reaction obtains an aqueous phase, which is used to provide the necessary ions and dispersion environment for the reaction;

[0117] S2: Mixing desulfurized gypsum, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide in an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent includes ethylene glycol, and the organic solvent dissolves and disperses the raw materials to promote the reaction, under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 80° C. and a reaction pressure of 100 kPa;

[0118] The chemical reaction process of desulfurized gypsum, organic materials and chitosan is as follows: the reactivity of organic materials and chitosan is enhanced, and desulfurized gypsum is decomposed;

[0119] The chemical reaction process of the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid is as follows: the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic waste through the synergistic effect of microorganisms in the reaction;

[0120] The chemical reaction process of wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel and plant peptide is as follows: hydrogel is used as a carrier or medium, and is formed by a cross-linking reaction of a high molecular weight substance such as a polysaccharide. The polysaccharide and the cross-linking agent are mixed in a certain proportion and dissolved in a solvent. The polysaccharide molecular chain reacts chemically with the cross-linking agent to form a covalent bond, thereby cross-linking into a three-dimensional network structure. Specifically, -OH in the polysaccharide and the epoxy group in the cross-linking agent undergo a ring-opening reaction to form a new covalent bond, thereby cross-linking the polysaccharide molecules together; the reaction formula is: P-OH+C→POCOP, in which P-OH represents the hydroxyl group (or other functional group that can react with the cross-linking agent) in the polysaccharide molecule, C represents the cross-linking agent molecule, and the reaction product is a cross-linked polysaccharide molecule, in which two polysaccharide molecules are connected together by a cross-linking agent molecule. In the reaction, the polysaccharide mainly provides structural support and biocompatibility, and the reaction obtains an oil phase, which is used to provide a stable oil phase environment for the polymerization reaction;

[0121] S3: fully mixing the aqueous phase composed of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, and polyamino acid and the oil phase composed of desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological bacteria, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide to obtain a mixture;

[0122] S4: In the presence of an inert atmosphere and an initiator, a mixture consisting of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginate, polyamino acid, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, plant peptide and a coating monomer are subjected to a polymerization reaction. The reaction process is as follows: the mixture, coating monomer, initiator and catalyst are added to a reactor. Under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen), the polymerization reaction is triggered by heating. The initiator will decompose to produce free radicals or other active species. The active species will attack the monomer molecules to initiate a chain polymerization reaction. During the reaction, the reaction temperature is 100°C, the reaction pressure is 120 kPa, and the reaction time is 6 hours. The coating monomer is used to form coated microcapsules during the polymerization process. The aqueous phase, the oil phase and the coating monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to generate a reverse microcapsule suspension emulsion, i.e., a soil conditioner.

[0123] This embodiment also proposes a method for using a saline-alkali land modifier, comprising the following steps:

[0124] Step 1: Deeply plow and dig the saline-alkali land to be treated, plow 30-40 cm deep, turn the surface salt to the lower layer, and then level the soil;

[0125] Step 2: Use a large amount of fresh water for irrigation, so that the water can evenly infiltrate and flush the soil salt;

[0126] Step 3: After the surface soil of the saline-alkali land is dry, take the saline-alkali land improver and water and dilute them at a ratio of 1:200;

[0127] Step 4: Spray the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner evenly on the ground surface. The amount of the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner is 11 tons / hectare (in the use process of existing soil conditioners, most of them are deep plowing, diluting the conditioner and spraying it evenly on the ground surface, and then irrigating with water. The concentration of the conditioner cannot be guaranteed, and the soil salt is not pre-treated, which affects the improvement effect of the conditioner);

[0128] Step 5: Regularly monitor soil salinity and other indicators, and adjust the amount and frequency of application of amendments based on the monitoring results.

[0129] Embodiment 5

[0130] A saline-alkali land improver comprises raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1200 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 60 parts of aluminum sulfate, 70 parts of organic materials, 45 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 60 parts of ammonium sulfate, 60 parts of carbamide, 40 parts of acrylic acid, 45 parts of chitosan, 50 parts of dispersant, 50 parts of biological bacterial agent, 60 parts of earthworm manure fermentation liquid, 50 parts of wood vinegar, 40 parts of calcium silicate, 40 parts of alginate, 45 parts of polysaccharide, 30 parts of hydrogel, 45 parts of plant peptide and 45 parts of polyamino acid.

[0131] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0132] S1: Sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polyurethane, and aluminum sulfate are placed in deionized water at a temperature of 220°C and an acid catalyst is added;

[0133] The chemical reaction equation of ammonium sulfate, carbamide and acrylic acid is: (NH4)2SO 4 +CO(NH 2 )2+C3H4O _2 →CxHyNzOw+NH 3 +CO 2 +H2SO 4 ;

[0134] The chemical reaction equation of polyurethane and aluminum sulfate is: 2NH 2 CH 2 COOH+Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 →(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 +2CH 2 COOAl(SO 4 )+2H 2 O;

[0135] The chemical reaction equation of calcium silicate and alginate is: CaSiO 3 +H 2 A→CaA+SiO 2 +H 2 O (where A represents alginate ion or simplified carboxylate ion), the reaction obtains an aqueous phase, which is used to provide the necessary ions and dispersion environment for the reaction;

[0136] S2: Mixing desulfurized gypsum, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide in an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent includes ethylene glycol, and the organic solvent dissolves and disperses the raw materials to promote the reaction, under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 80° C. and a reaction pressure of 100 kPa;

[0137] The chemical reaction process of desulfurized gypsum, organic materials and chitosan is as follows: the reactivity of organic materials and chitosan is enhanced, and desulfurized gypsum is decomposed;

[0138] The chemical reaction process of the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid is as follows: the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic waste through the synergistic effect of microorganisms in the reaction;

[0139] The chemical reaction process of wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel and plant peptide is as follows: hydrogel is used as a carrier or medium, and is formed by a cross-linking reaction of a high molecular weight substance such as a polysaccharide. The polysaccharide and the cross-linking agent are mixed in a certain proportion and dissolved in a solvent. The polysaccharide molecular chain reacts chemically with the cross-linking agent to form a covalent bond, thereby cross-linking into a three-dimensional network structure. Specifically, -OH in the polysaccharide and the epoxy group in the cross-linking agent undergo a ring-opening reaction to form a new covalent bond, thereby cross-linking the polysaccharide molecules together; the reaction formula is: P-OH+C→POCOP, in which P-OH represents the hydroxyl group (or other functional group that can react with the cross-linking agent) in the polysaccharide molecule, C represents the cross-linking agent molecule, and the reaction product is a cross-linked polysaccharide molecule, in which two polysaccharide molecules are connected together by a cross-linking agent molecule. In the reaction, the polysaccharide mainly provides structural support and biocompatibility, and the reaction obtains an oil phase, which is used to provide a stable oil phase environment for the polymerization reaction;

[0140] S3: fully mixing the aqueous phase composed of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, and polyamino acid and the oil phase composed of desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological bacteria, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide to obtain a mixture;

[0141] S4: In the presence of an inert atmosphere and an initiator, a mixture consisting of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginate, polyamino acid, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological agent, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, plant peptide and a coating monomer are subjected to a polymerization reaction. The reaction process is as follows: the mixture, coating monomer, initiator and catalyst are added to a reactor. Under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen), the polymerization reaction is triggered by heating. The initiator will decompose to produce free radicals or other active species. The active species will attack the monomer molecules to initiate a chain polymerization reaction. During the reaction, the reaction temperature is 100°C, the reaction pressure is 120 kPa, and the reaction time is 6 hours. The coating monomer is used to form coated microcapsules during the polymerization process. The aqueous phase, the oil phase and the coating monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to generate a reverse microcapsule suspension emulsion, i.e., a soil conditioner.

[0142] This embodiment also proposes a method for using a saline-alkali land modifier, comprising the following steps:

[0143] Step 1: Deeply plow and dig the saline-alkali land to be treated, plow 30-40 cm deep, turn the surface salt to the lower layer, and then level the soil;

[0144] Step 2: Use a large amount of fresh water for irrigation, so that the water can evenly infiltrate and flush the soil salt;

[0145] Step 3: After the surface soil of the saline-alkali land is dry, take the saline-alkali land improver and water and dilute them at a ratio of 1:200;

[0146] Step 4: Spray the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner evenly on the ground surface. The amount of the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner is 12 tons / hectare (in the use process of existing soil conditioners, most of them are deep plowing, diluting the conditioner and spraying it evenly on the ground surface, and then irrigating with water. The concentration of the conditioner cannot be guaranteed, and the soil salt is not pre-treated, which affects the improvement effect of the conditioner);

[0147] Step 5: Regularly monitor soil salinity and other indicators, and adjust the amount and frequency of application of amendments based on the monitoring results.

[0148] Test example

[0149] By comparing the saline-alkali land improvers and improvement schemes proposed in Examples 1 to 5 with conventional improvers and improvement schemes, the saline-alkali land soil structure was tested by using chemical reagents and instruments for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The experimental data are as follows:

[0150]

[0151] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali land improver, comprising raw materials, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 800-1200 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 10-60 parts of aluminum sulfate, 20-70 parts of organic materials, 15-45 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10-60 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10-60 parts of carbamide, 10-40 parts of acrylic acid, 15-45 parts of chitosan, 20-50 parts of dispersant, 20-50 parts of biological bacteria agent, 20-60 parts of earthworm manure fermentation liquid, 10-50 parts of wood vinegar, 10-40 parts of calcium silicate, 10-40 parts of alginate, 15-45 parts of polysaccharide, 10-30 parts of hydrogel, 20-45 parts of plant peptide and 20-45 parts of polyamino acid.

2. The saline-alkali land improving agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 900-1000 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 20-40 parts of aluminum sulfate, 30-50 parts of organic materials, 25-35 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 20-40 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20-40 parts of carbamide, 20-30 parts of acrylic acid, 25-35 parts of chitosan, 30-40 parts of dispersant, 30-40 parts of biological bacteria agent, 30-50 parts of earthworm manure fermentation liquid, 20-40 parts of wood vinegar, 20-30 parts of calcium silicate, 20-30 parts of alginate, 25-35 parts of polysaccharide, 20-30 parts of hydrogel, 30-45 parts of plant peptide and 30-45 parts of polyamino acid.

3. The saline-alkali land improving agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 950 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts of aluminum sulfate, 40 parts of organic materials, 30 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 30 parts of carbamide, 25 parts of acrylic acid, 30 parts of chitosan, 35 parts of dispersant, 35 parts of biological bacteria agent, 40 parts of earthworm manure fermentation liquid, 30 parts of wood vinegar, 25 parts of calcium silicate, 25 parts of alginate, 30 parts of polysaccharide, 25 parts of hydrogel, 38 parts of plant peptide and 38 parts of polyamino acid.

4. The saline-alkali land improving agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: dissolving the raw materials in deionized water to obtain an aqueous phase; S2: mixing the raw materials in an organic solvent to obtain an oil phase; S3: uniformly mixing the obtained water phase and oil phase to obtain a mixture; S4: polymerizing the mixture and the coating monomer to obtain the improver.

5. The saline-alkali land improving agent according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S1, sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polyurethane, and aluminum sulfate are added to deionized water at a temperature of 220° C. and an acid catalyst is added; The chemical reaction equation of ammonium sulfate, carbamide and acrylic acid is: (NH4)2SO4+CO(NH2)2+C3H4O2→CxHyNzOw+NH3+CO2+H2SO4; The chemical reaction equation of polyurethane and aluminum sulfate is: 2NH2CH2COOH+Al2(SO4)3→(NH4)2SO4+2CH2COOAl(SO4)+2H2O; The chemical reaction equation of calcium silicate and alginate is: CaSiO3+H2A→CaA+SiO2+H2O; wherein A represents alginate ion or simplified carboxylate ion, and the reaction obtains an aqueous phase, which is used to provide the necessary ions and dispersion environment for the reaction.

6. The saline-alkali land improving agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S2, desulfurized gypsum, organic materials, chitosan, dispersants, biological agents, earthworm manure fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharides, hydrogels, and plant peptides are mixed in an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent includes ethylene glycol, and the organic solvent dissolves and disperses the raw materials to promote the reaction, under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 80° C. and a reaction pressure of 100 kPa; The chemical reaction process of desulfurized gypsum, organic materials and chitosan is as follows: the reactivity of organic materials and chitosan is enhanced, and desulfurized gypsum is decomposed; specifically, CaSO4 reacts with -OH and -NH2 in chitosan molecules to form chemical bonds or hydrogen bonds; The chemical reaction process of the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid is as follows: the dispersant, biological agent and earthworm manure fermentation liquid accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic waste through the synergistic effect of microorganisms in the reaction; specifically: Dispersants promote the dispersion of organic matter and microorganisms in the earthworm manure fermentation liquid in water, increase their contact area with plant roots, and thus improve fertilizer efficiency; microorganisms in the biological agent use the organic matter in the earthworm manure fermentation liquid as a nutrient source for growth and reproduction, while producing some substances that are beneficial to plant growth; the components in the earthworm manure fermentation liquid promote the activity of microorganisms in the biological agent, enhancing their ability to improve the soil environment and promote plant growth; The chemical reaction process of wood vinegar, polysaccharides, hydrogels and plant peptides is as follows: hydrogels are used as carriers or media, and are formed by cross-linking reactions of high molecular weight substances such as polysaccharides. Polysaccharides and cross-linking agents are mixed in a certain proportion and dissolved in a solvent. Polysaccharide molecular chains react chemically with the cross-linking agent to form covalent bonds, thereby cross-linking into a three-dimensional network structure. Specifically, -OH in the polysaccharide and the epoxy group in the cross-linking agent undergo a ring-opening reaction to form new covalent bonds, thereby cross-linking the molecules of the polysaccharide together; the reaction formula is: P-OH+C→POCOP, In this reaction equation, P-OH represents the hydroxyl group in the polysaccharide molecule, C represents the cross-linker molecule, and the reaction product is a cross-linked polysaccharide molecule, in which two polysaccharide molecules are connected together by a cross-linker molecule. In the reaction, the polysaccharide mainly provides structural support and biocompatibility, and the reaction obtains an oil phase, which is used to provide a stable oil phase environment for the polymerization reaction; specifically: the organic acids and phenolic substances in the wood vinegar undergo esterification reaction with the -OH in the polysaccharide to generate new compounds; the amino acid residues in the plant peptide react with the wood vinegar to form new peptide bonds.

7. The saline-alkali land improving agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, the aqueous phase composed of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, and polyamino acid and the oil phase composed of desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersant, biological bacteria, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharide, hydrogel, and plant peptide are fully mixed to obtain a mixture.

8. The saline-alkali land improving agent according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S4, in the presence of an inert atmosphere and an initiator, a mixture consisting of sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide, acrylic acid, calcium silicate, alginic acid, polyurethane, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, organic materials, chitosan, dispersants, biological agents, earthworm castings fermentation liquid, wood vinegar, polysaccharides, hydrogels, and plant peptides and a coating monomer are subjected to a polymerization reaction. The reaction process is as follows: the mixture, coating monomer, initiator, and catalyst are added to a reactor. Under inert atmosphere conditions, the polymerization reaction is triggered by heating. The initiator will decompose to produce free radicals or other active species. The active species will attack the monomer molecules to initiate a chain polymerization reaction. During the reaction, the reaction temperature is 100° C., the reaction pressure is 120 kPa, and the reaction time is 6 hours. The coating monomer is used to form a coated microcapsule during the polymerization process. The aqueous phase, the oil phase, and the coating monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to generate a reverse microcapsule suspension emulsion, i.e., a soil conditioner.

9. A method for using a saline-alkali land improver, wherein the saline-alkali land improver is the saline-alkali land improver according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Deeply plow and dig the saline-alkali land to be treated, plow 30-40 cm deep, turn the surface salt to the lower layer, and then level the soil; Step 2: Use a large amount of fresh water for irrigation, so that the water can evenly infiltrate and flush the soil salt; Step 3: After the surface soil of the saline-alkali land is dry, take the saline-alkali land improver and water and dilute them at a ratio of 1:200; Step 4: Spray the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner evenly on the ground surface. The amount of the diluted saline-alkali land conditioner is 8-12 tons / hectare; Step 5: Regularly monitor soil salinity and other indicators, and adjust the amount and frequency of application of amendments based on the monitoring results.

10. The method for using the saline-alkali land improving agent according to claim 9, characterized in that: The organic fertilizers are phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer usage is 150-190 kg per hectare, and the nitrogen fertilizer usage is 190-210 kg per hectare. The salt-tolerant plants are wolfberry and white thorn fruit.

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