Pile foundation vertical bearing capacity detection device for geotechnical engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses a pile foundation vertical bearing capacity detection device for geotechnical engineering, and relates to the technical field of pile foundation detection. The device comprises a bottom plate, the top of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a stand column, the side, away from the bottom plate, of the stand column is fixedly connected with a top plate, a groove is formed in the top of the bottom plate, a sheet type pressure sensor is embedded in the bottom of the inner side face of the groove, and positioning mechanisms are fixedly connected with the inner side face of the groove and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the groove. The pressure mechanism is arranged at the interval between the bottom plate and the top plate, the side, away from the bottom plate, of the pressure mechanism is fixedly connected with the side, close to the bottom plate, of the top plate, the positioning mechanisms distributed in the circumferential direction can limit the pile foundation to the center of the groove body, the pre-positioning effect is achieved, and it is ensured that the pressure mechanism can be pressed over the top of the pile foundation; and therefore, pressure can be better applied, the sheet type pressure sensor can better detect the pressure borne by the pile foundation, and a more accurate detection effect is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation detection, and in particular to a device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering. Background Art

[0002] The vertical bearing capacity test of pile foundation is a key measure to evaluate the bearing capacity of pile foundation under vertical load. It uses static load test, high strain method and other means to apply vertical force to the pile on site, monitor the settlement of pile top, pile body strain and other data, accurately determine the ultimate bearing capacity and settlement characteristics of the pile, and ensure the quality of pile foundation design and construction of buildings, bridges and other projects. The pile load test is to apply a vertical load on the top of the pile, transfer the load to the pile body through equipment such as jacks, and arrange displacement sensors and other measuring instruments on the top and around the pile to monitor the settlement and deformation of the pile. During the test, heavy objects are gradually piled on the pressure plate on the top of the pile to simulate the vertical stress state of the pile in actual work, until the pile reaches the maximum load that destroys or meets the design requirements, and the sensor reflects it in real time to obtain the test data. In order to obtain more accurate experimental data, the existing pile load test usually sets up multiple control groups, destroying several pile foundations, which is easy to cause waste. Therefore, we propose a pile foundation vertical bearing capacity detection device for geotechnical engineering. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a pile foundation vertical bearing capacity detection device for geotechnical engineering, comprising: A bottom plate, the top of the bottom plate is fixedly connected to a column, and a side of the column away from the bottom plate is fixedly connected to a top plate; A chip-type pressure sensor, wherein a groove is provided on the top of the bottom plate, a chip-type pressure sensor is embedded at the bottom of the inner side of the groove, and the surface of the chip-type pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the groove; A positioning mechanism, wherein the positioning mechanism is arranged inside the groove body, the positioning mechanism is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the groove body, and the positioning mechanism is evenly distributed along the circumference of the groove body; A pressure mechanism, wherein the pressure mechanism is arranged at the interval between the bottom plate and the top plate, and a side of the pressure mechanism away from the bottom plate is fixedly connected to a side of the top plate close to the bottom plate; The pile foundation is placed inside the trough body, and the positioning mechanism is started. Several positioning mechanisms are close to the side of the pile foundation, so as to fix the peripheral side of the pile foundation. Then the pressure mechanism is started, and the pressure mechanism presses the top of the pile foundation to apply pressure to the top of the pile foundation, so that the sheet-type pressure sensor is subjected to pressure, simulating the vertical stress state of the pile foundation in actual work, until the pile reaches the maximum load that is destroyed or meets the design requirements, and the pressure data is obtained in real time through the sheet-type pressure sensor. The circumferentially distributed positioning mechanism can limit the pile foundation at the center of the trough body to achieve a pre-positioning effect, ensuring that the pressure mechanism can be pressed directly above the top of the pile foundation, so as to better apply pressure, so that the sheet-type pressure sensor can better detect the pressure on the pile foundation and obtain a more accurate detection effect.

[0004] Furthermore, the pressure mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, a surface of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a fixing frame, a side of the fixing frame away from the bottom plate is fixedly connected to a side of the top plate close to the bottom plate, a side of the hydraulic cylinder away from the top plate is fixedly connected to a hydraulic rod, the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to an output end of the hydraulic cylinder, an end of the hydraulic rod away from the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a pressing plate, an outer sleeve of the pressing plate is provided with a protective component, an inner side surface of the protective component is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydraulic rod, and a fixed component is fixedly connected to a side of the protective component away from the bottom plate. When the hydraulic cylinder is started, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder drives the hydraulic rod to extend, the hydraulic rod drives the pressing plate to move, and the pressing plate applies pressure to the top of the pile foundation. The force exerted on the pile foundation is transmitted to the sheet-type pressure sensor, simulating the vertical stress state of the pile foundation in actual work, until the pile reaches the maximum load that is destroyed or meets the design requirements, and the pressure data is obtained in real time through the sheet-type pressure sensor.

[0005] Furthermore, a mesh plate is provided on the side of the pressing plate away from the hydraulic rod, and the mesh plate is made of rubber material. The mesh plate is embedded in the pressing plate, and the surface of the mesh plate is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the pressing plate. The mesh plate made of rubber material can increase the friction resistance with the top of the pile foundation to avoid slipping when pressure is applied to the pile foundation, and the grid structure of the mesh plate can increase the friction resistance in all directions to obtain a better anti-slip effect.

[0006] Furthermore, the protection component includes a shield, the inner side of the shield is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydraulic rod, the inner side of the shield is fixedly connected with a mesh cover, and the mesh cover is sleeved on the outside of the pressing plate. When the pile foundation is damaged, the pile end will first break, and the shield can protect the pile end to prevent gravel from splashing everywhere and injuring people. The mesh cover inside the shield can be deformed when hit by gravel, thereby cushioning the gravel, reducing the impact force of the gravel, and further preventing the gravel from splashing.

[0007] Furthermore, a cylindrical pressure sensor is fixedly connected to one side of the shield close to the base plate, and an end of the cylindrical pressure sensor away from the shield is fixedly connected to a fixed component, and a number of the cylindrical pressure sensors are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shield. The fixed component clamps the pile body, and the hydraulic rod moves to drive the shield to move, exerting pressure on the cylindrical pressure sensor, thereby detecting the bearing capacity of the pile foundation, and the detection of the sheet-type pressure sensor is used as a control group to obtain a more accurate detection effect. The setting of the cylindrical pressure sensor and the sheet-type pressure sensor can avoid the impact of damage to the cylindrical pressure sensor or the sheet-type pressure sensor on the accuracy of the detection.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixing assembly includes a slide, the inner side surface of the slide is slidably connected to the surface of the column, the side of the slide close to the base plate is symmetrically provided with a mounting plate, and the side of the slide close to the base plate is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate away from the base plate, the inner sides of the two mounting plates are fixedly connected to the first telescopic rod, the ends of the two first telescopic rods close to each other are fixedly connected to the arch plate, the arch plate is fixedly connected to the fixing plate away from the first telescopic rod, and the fixing plate is made of elastic material, the columnar pressure sensor moves, driving the slide to move, and the slide slides on the surface of the column, The movement of the slide is limited to avoid the two fixed plates from offsetting and ensure the fixing effect. The slide moves, driving the installation plate to move, driving the first telescopic rod to move, driving the bow plate to move, and driving the fixed plate to move. As the pressing plate approaches the pile foundation, the first telescopic rod is started, and the two first telescopic rods approach each other, driving the bow plate to move, and driving the two fixed plates to approach each other to fix the pile foundation. The middle part of the fixed plate first sticks to the pile foundation, and the bow-shaped bow plate presses both sides of the fixed plate. When the fixed plate is deformed, it wraps around the pile body of the pile foundation, thereby achieving a more secure fixation and obtaining a better fixing effect.

[0009] Furthermore, an anti-slip strip is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate away from the arch plate, and a plurality of the anti-slip strips are provided, and the plurality of the anti-slip strips are all provided in a broken line shape. The anti-slip strip can increase the friction on the pile foundation and obtain a better fixing effect, and the broken line-shaped anti-slip strip can obtain greater friction in both vertical and circumferential directions.

[0010] The cam is provided with a first end fixedly mounted on the support frame, and a second end fixedly mounted on the support frame is provided with a first end fixedly mounted on the support frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism includes a second telescopic rod, which is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the trough body, and one end of the second telescopic rod close to the center of the trough body is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, and a side of the connecting plate away from the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a positioning plate, and a side of the positioning plate away from the connecting plate is fixedly connected to a corrugated plate, and when the second telescopic rod is started, the second telescopic rod drives the connecting plate to move, and drives the positioning plate to move, and several positioning plates are close to the pile foundation, clamp the surface of the pile foundation, and fix the bottom of the pile foundation, thereby achieving a positioning effect.

[0012] Furthermore, a curved groove is provided through the surface of the positioning plate, and a rubber column is provided inside the curved groove. A plurality of rubber columns are evenly distributed inside the curved groove, and both ends of the rubber columns are fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the curved groove. The opening of the curved groove enables the positioning plate to deform better, better wrap the pile foundation, and obtain a better positioning effect. The curved groove of the positioning plate deforms, and the rubber column deforms, thereby cooperating with the positioning plate to restore the deformation and extending the service life of the positioning plate.

[0013] The present invention has the beneficial effects: 1. The present invention sets a positioning mechanism, and the circumferentially distributed positioning mechanism can limit the pile foundation at the center of the groove body to achieve a pre-positioning effect, ensure that the pressure mechanism can be pressed directly above the top of the pile foundation, so as to better apply pressure, so that the sheet pressure sensor can better detect the pressure on the pile foundation and obtain a more accurate detection effect. The opening of the curved groove enables the positioning plate to deform better and better wrap the pile foundation to obtain a better positioning effect. The curved groove of the positioning plate is deformed, and the rubber column is deformed, thereby cooperating with the positioning plate to restore the deformation and extend the service life of the positioning plate.

[0014] 2. The present invention sets a protective component. When the pile foundation is damaged, the pile end will first be broken. The protective cover can protect the pile end to prevent the broken stones from flying everywhere and injuring people. The mesh cover inside the protective cover can be deformed when hit by the broken stones, thereby cushioning the broken stones, reducing the impact force of the broken stones, and further preventing the broken stones from flying.

[0015] 3. The present invention sets a columnar pressure sensor, a fixed component clamps the pile body, the hydraulic rod moves, drives the shield to move, and applies pressure to the columnar pressure sensor, thereby detecting the bearing capacity of the pile foundation, and the detection of the sheet pressure sensor is used as a control group to obtain a more accurate detection effect. The setting of the columnar pressure sensor and the sheet pressure sensor can avoid the influence of the detection accuracy after the columnar pressure sensor or the sheet pressure sensor is damaged. At the same time, one pile foundation reflects two groups of detection data. The difference between the two groups of data is too large, and the wrong detection results can be quickly eliminated, saving the process of using the pile foundation for re-detection and eliminating the wrong data in the subsequent use, thereby saving the use of the pile foundation and avoiding waste.

[0016] 4. The present invention sets a fixing component, and the slide slides on the surface of the column, thereby limiting the movement of the slide, avoiding the deviation of the two fixing plates, and ensuring the fixing effect. The middle part of the fixing plate is first abutted against the pile foundation, and the arched arched plate presses the two sides of the fixing plate. When the fixing plate is deformed, it wraps around the pile body of the pile foundation, thereby achieving a more secure fixation and obtaining a better fixing effect. The anti-slip strip can increase the friction on the pile foundation and obtain a better fixing effect, and the folded line anti-slip strip obtains greater friction in both the vertical and circumferential directions.

[0017] 5. The present invention sets a limit plate to limit the first telescopic rod to avoid shaking of the fixed plate when fixed. A limit column is set to pass through the limit plate and the arch plate to further limit the movement of the fixed plate. The triangular limit column can avoid relative rotation with the arch plate and the limit plate, thereby achieving a better limiting effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a pile foundation vertical bearing capacity detection device for geotechnical engineering of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection component of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the protective cover of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing assembly of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the anti-slip strip structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism structure of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the curved groove structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 2, column; 3, top plate; 4, trough; 5, sheet-type pressure sensor; 6, positioning mechanism; 61, second telescopic rod; 62, connecting plate; 63, positioning plate; 64, corrugated plate; 65, curved groove; 66, rubber column; 7, pressure mechanism; 71, hydraulic cylinder; 72, fixing frame; 73, hydraulic rod; 74, pressing plate; 75, protective assembly; 751, protective cover; 752, mesh cover; 753, columnar pressure sensor; 76, fixing assembly; 761, slide; 762, fixing plate; 763, bow plate; 764, first telescopic rod; 765, mounting plate; 766, anti-slip strip; 767, limit plate; 768, tripod; 769, limit column; 77, mesh plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

[0021] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention is a pile foundation vertical bearing capacity detection device for geotechnical engineering, comprising: A bottom plate 1, a column 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate 1, and a top plate 3 is fixedly connected to the side of the column 2 away from the bottom plate 1; The chip pressure sensor 5 is provided with a slot body 4 at the top of the bottom plate 1, and the chip pressure sensor 5 is embedded at the bottom of the inner side of the slot body 4, and the surface of the chip pressure sensor 5 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the slot body 4; The positioning mechanism 6 is arranged inside the slot body 4, the positioning mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the slot body 4, and the positioning mechanism 6 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the slot body 4; The pressure mechanism 7 is arranged at the interval between the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 3, and a side of the pressure mechanism 7 away from the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected to a side of the top plate 3 close to the bottom plate 1; The pile foundation is placed inside the trough body 4, and the positioning mechanism 6 is started. Several positioning mechanisms 6 are close to the side of the pile foundation, so as to fix the peripheral side of the pile foundation. Then the pressure mechanism 7 is started. The pressure mechanism 7 presses the top of the pile foundation to apply pressure to the top of the pile foundation, so that the sheet-type pressure sensor 5 is subjected to pressure, simulating the vertical stress state of the pile foundation in actual work, until the pile reaches the maximum load that is destroyed or meets the design requirements, and the pressure data is obtained in real time through the sheet-type pressure sensor 5. The circumferentially distributed positioning mechanism 6 can limit the pile foundation at the center of the trough body 4 to achieve a pre-positioning effect, ensuring that the pressure mechanism 7 can be pressed directly above the top of the pile foundation, so as to better apply pressure, so that the sheet-type pressure sensor 5 can better detect the pressure on the pile foundation and obtain a more accurate detection effect.

[0022] The pressure mechanism 7 includes a hydraulic cylinder 71, a fixed frame 72 is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydraulic cylinder 71, a side of the fixed frame 72 away from the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected to a side of the top plate 3 close to the bottom plate 1, a hydraulic rod 73 is fixedly connected to the side of the hydraulic cylinder 71 away from the top plate 3, the hydraulic rod 73 is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 71, and a pressing plate 74 is fixedly connected to the end of the hydraulic rod 73 away from the hydraulic cylinder 71, and a protective component 75 is sleeved on the outside of the pressing plate 74, the inner side of the protective component 75 is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydraulic rod 73, and a fixed component 76 is fixedly connected to the side of the protective component 75 away from the bottom plate 1. The hydraulic cylinder 71 is started, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 71 drives the hydraulic rod 73 to extend, and the hydraulic rod 73 drives the pressing plate 74 to move, and the pressing plate 74 applies pressure to the top of the pile foundation, and the force exerted on the pile foundation is transmitted to the sheet pressure sensor 5, simulating the vertical stress state of the pile foundation in actual work, until the pile reaches the maximum load that is destroyed or meets the design requirements, and the pressure data is obtained in real time through the sheet pressure sensor 5.

[0023] A mesh plate 77 is provided on the side of the pressing plate 74 away from the hydraulic rod 73, and the mesh plate 77 is made of rubber material. The mesh plate 77 is embedded in the pressing plate 74, and the surface of the mesh plate 77 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the pressing plate 74. The mesh plate 77 made of rubber material can increase the friction resistance with the top of the pile foundation to avoid slipping when pressure is applied to the pile foundation, and the grid structure of the mesh plate 77 can increase the friction resistance in all directions to obtain a better anti-slip effect.

[0024] The protection assembly 75 includes a shield 751, the inner side of which is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydraulic rod 73, and the inner side of the shield 751 is fixedly connected to a mesh cover 752, and the mesh cover 752 is sleeved on the outside of the pressing plate 74. When the pile foundation is damaged, the pile end will first break, and the shield 751 can protect the pile end to prevent gravel from splashing everywhere and injuring people. The mesh cover 752 in the shield 751 can be deformed when hit by gravel, thereby cushioning the gravel, reducing the impact force of the gravel, and further preventing the gravel from splashing.

[0025] A cylindrical pressure sensor 753 is fixedly connected to one side of the shield 751 close to the base plate 1, and one end of the cylindrical pressure sensor 753 away from the shield 751 is fixedly connected to the fixing assembly 76, and there are several cylindrical pressure sensors 753 evenly distributed along the circumference of the shield 751. The fixing assembly 76 clamps the pile body, and the hydraulic rod 73 moves, driving the shield 751 to move, exerting pressure on the cylindrical pressure sensor 753, thereby detecting the bearing capacity of the pile foundation, and the detection of the sheet pressure sensor 5 is used as the control group to obtain a more accurate detection effect. The setting of the cylindrical pressure sensor 753 and the sheet pressure sensor 5 can avoid the influence of the detection accuracy after the cylindrical pressure sensor 753 or the sheet pressure sensor 5 is damaged.

[0026] Example 2, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 9 The fixing assembly 76 includes a slide 761, the inner side of the slide 761 is slidably connected to the surface of the column 2, a mounting plate 765 is symmetrically arranged on the side of the slide 761 close to the bottom plate 1, and the side of the slide 761 close to the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 765 away from the bottom plate 1, the inner sides of the two mounting plates 765 are fixedly connected to the first telescopic rod 764, the ends of the two first telescopic rods 764 close to each other are fixedly connected to the arch plate 763, the arch plate 763 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 762 away from the first telescopic rod 764, and the fixing plate 762 is made of elastic material, the columnar pressure sensor 753 moves, driving the slide 761 to move, and the slide 761 slides on the surface of the column 2, thereby adjusting the slide 7 The movement of 61 is limited to prevent the two fixing plates 762 from offsetting and ensuring the fixing effect. The slide 761 moves, driving the mounting plate 765 to move, driving the first telescopic rod 764 to move, driving the arch plate 763 to move, driving the fixing plate 762 to move, and approaching the pile foundation together with the pressing plate 74, starting the first telescopic rod 764, the two first telescopic rods 764 approach each other, driving the arch plate 763 to move, driving the two fixing plates 762 to approach each other, and fixing the pile foundation. The middle part of the fixing plate 762 first sticks to the pile foundation, and the arched arch plate 763 presses the two sides of the fixing plate 762. When the fixing plate 762 is deformed, it wraps around the pile body of the pile foundation, thereby achieving a more secure fixation and obtaining a better fixing effect.

[0027] A side of the fixed plate 762 away from the bow plate 763 is fixedly connected with an anti-slip strip 766, and a plurality of anti-slip strips 766 are provided, and the plurality of anti-slip strips 766 are all provided in a broken line shape. The anti-slip strip 766 can increase the friction force on the pile foundation and obtain a better fixing effect, and the broken line-shaped anti-slip strip 766 can obtain a greater friction force in both the vertical and circumferential directions.

[0028] A limiting plate 767 is provided at the interval between the arch plate 763 and the mounting plate 765, the inner side surface of the limiting plate 767 is slidably connected to the surface of the first telescopic rod 764, the side of the limiting plate 767 away from the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected to the side of the slide 761 close to the bottom plate 1, and tripods 768 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the mounting plate 765, and the sides of the two tripods 768 close to each other are fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting plate 765, and a limiting column 769 is provided on the side of the tripod 768 away from the mounting plate 765, and the limiting column 769 is set in a triangle, and the surface of the limiting column 769 is connected to the inner side surface of the tripod 768 Fixedly connected, the end of the limiting column 769 away from the tripod 768 passes through the limiting plate 767 and the bow plate 763 in sequence, and the surface of the limiting column 769 is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting plate 767 and the bow plate 763. The limiting plate 767 limits the first telescopic rod 764 to avoid shaking of the fixed plate 762 when fixed. The limiting column 769 is arranged to pass through the limiting plate 767 and the bow plate 763 to further limit the movement of the fixed plate 762. The triangular limiting column 769 can avoid relative rotation with the bow plate 763 and the limiting plate 767, thereby achieving a better limiting effect.

[0029] The positioning mechanism 6 includes a second telescopic rod 61, which is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the trough body 4, and one end of the second telescopic rod 61 close to the center of the trough body 4 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 62, and the side of the connecting plate 62 away from the second telescopic rod 61 is fixedly connected to a positioning plate 63, and the side of the positioning plate 63 away from the connecting plate 62 is fixedly connected to a corrugated plate 64. When the second telescopic rod 61 is started, the second telescopic rod 61 drives the connecting plate 62 to move, and drives the positioning plate 63 to move. Several positioning plates 63 are close to the pile foundation, clamp the surface of the pile foundation, and fix the bottom of the pile foundation, thereby achieving a positioning effect.

[0030] A curved groove 65 is provided on the surface of the positioning plate 63, and a rubber column 66 is provided inside the curved groove 65. There are a number of rubber columns 66 evenly distributed inside the curved groove 65, and both ends of the rubber columns 66 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the curved groove 65. The opening of the curved groove 65 allows the positioning plate 63 to deform better, better wrap the pile foundation, and obtain a better positioning effect. The curved groove 65 of the positioning plate 63 deforms, and the rubber column 66 deforms, thereby cooperating with the positioning plate 63 to restore the deformation and extend the service life of the positioning plate 63.

[0031] When in use, start the second telescopic rod 61, the second telescopic rod 61 drives the connecting plate 62 to move, drives the positioning plate 63 to move, and several positioning plates 63 are close to the pile foundation, clamp the surface of the pile foundation, fix the bottom of the pile foundation, and play a positioning effect. Start the hydraulic cylinder 71, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 71 drives the hydraulic rod 73 to extend, the hydraulic rod 73 drives the pressing plate 74 to move, and the pressing plate 74 applies pressure to the top of the pile foundation. The force exerted on the pile foundation is transmitted to the sheet pressure sensor 5, simulating the vertical stress state of the pile foundation in actual work, until the pile reaches the maximum load that is destroyed or meets the design requirements, and the pressure data is obtained in real time through the sheet pressure sensor 5. The columnar pressure sensor 753 moves, driving the slide 761 to move, the slide 761 moves, driving the mounting plate 765 to move, driving the first telescopic rod 764 to move, driving the arch plate 763 to move, driving the fixed plate 762 to move, and as the pressing plate 74 approaches the pile foundation, the first telescopic rod 764 is started, the two first telescopic rods 764 approach each other, driving the arch plate 763 to move, driving the two fixed plates 762 to approach each other, and fixing the pile foundation, the hydraulic rod 73 moves, driving the shield 751 to move, and applying pressure to the columnar pressure sensor 753, thereby detecting the bearing capacity of the pile foundation, and cooperating with the detection of the sheet-type pressure sensor 5 as the control group.

[0032] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering, characterized in that: include: A bottom plate (1), the top of the bottom plate (1) being fixedly connected to a column (2), and a side of the column (2) away from the bottom plate (1) being fixedly connected to a top plate (3); A chip-type pressure sensor (5), wherein a groove (4) is provided on the top of the bottom plate (1), the chip-type pressure sensor (5) is embedded at the bottom of the inner side surface of the groove (4), and the surface of the chip-type pressure sensor (5) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the groove (4); A positioning mechanism (6), the positioning mechanism (6) being arranged inside the trough body (4), the positioning mechanism (6) being fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the trough body (4), and the positioning mechanism (6) being evenly distributed along the circumference of the trough body (4); A pressure mechanism (7), wherein the pressure mechanism (7) is arranged at a gap between the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (3), and a side of the pressure mechanism (7) away from the bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected to a side of the top plate (3) close to the bottom plate (1).

2. The device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure mechanism (7) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (71), a surface of the hydraulic cylinder (71) is fixedly connected to a fixing frame (72), a side of the fixing frame (72) away from the bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected to a side of the top plate (3) close to the bottom plate (1), a side of the hydraulic cylinder (71) away from the top plate (3) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic rod (73), the hydraulic rod (73) is fixedly connected to an output end of the hydraulic cylinder (71), an end of the hydraulic rod (73) away from the hydraulic cylinder (71) is fixedly connected to a pressing plate (74), a protective component (75) is sleeved on the outside of the pressing plate (74), an inner side surface of the protective component (75) is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydraulic rod (73), and a side of the protective component (75) away from the bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected to a fixing component (76).

3. A device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mesh plate (77) is provided on one side of the pressing plate (74) away from the hydraulic rod (73), and the mesh plate (77) is made of rubber material. The mesh plate (77) is embedded in the pressing plate (74), and the surface of the mesh plate (77) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the pressing plate (74).

4. The device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protection assembly (75) comprises a protection cover (751), the inner side surface of the protection cover (751) is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydraulic rod (73), the inner side surface of the protection cover (751) is fixedly connected to a mesh cover (752), and the mesh cover (752) is sleeved on the outside of the pressing plate (74).

5. A device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: A columnar pressure sensor (753) is fixedly connected to one side of the shield (751) close to the bottom plate (1); one end of the columnar pressure sensor (753) away from the shield (751) is fixedly connected to a fixing assembly (76); and a plurality of columnar pressure sensors (753) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shield (751).

6. A device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (76) comprises a slide (761), the inner side surface of the slide (761) being slidably connected to the surface of the column (2), a mounting plate (765) being symmetrically arranged on a side of the slide (761) close to the base plate (1), and the side of the slide (761) close to the base plate (1) being fixedly connected to a side of the mounting plate (765) away from the base plate (1), the inner side surfaces of the two mounting plates (765) being fixedly connected to a first telescopic rod (764), the ends of the two first telescopic rods (764) close to each other being fixedly connected to a bow plate (763), the bow plate (763) being fixedly connected to a fixing plate (762) away from the first telescopic rod (764), and the fixing plate (762) being made of an elastic material.

7. A device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: An anti-slip strip (766) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate (762) away from the arched plate (763), and a plurality of the anti-slip strips (766) are provided, and the plurality of the anti-slip strips (766) are all provided in a broken line shape.

8. The device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of pile foundation in geotechnical engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting plate (767) is provided at the interval between the arch plate (763) and the mounting plate (765); the inner side surface of the limiting plate (767) is slidably connected to the surface of the first telescopic rod (764); the side of the limiting plate (767) away from the bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected to the side of the slide (761) close to the bottom plate (1); tripods (768) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the mounting plate (765); the sides of the two tripods (768) close to each other are fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting plate (765). A limiting column (769) is provided on a side of the tripod (768) away from the mounting plate (765), the limiting column (769) being arranged in a triangular shape, the surface of the limiting column (769) being fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the tripod (768), the end of the limiting column (769) away from the tripod (768) passing through the limiting plate (767) and the bow plate (763) in sequence, and the surface of the limiting column (769) being slidably connected to the inner side surfaces of the limiting plate (767) and the bow plate (763).

9. A device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (6) comprises a second telescopic rod (61), the second telescopic rod (61) being fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the trough body (4), one end of the second telescopic rod (61) close to the center of the trough body (4) being fixedly connected to a connecting plate (62), a side of the connecting plate (62) away from the second telescopic rod (61) being fixedly connected to a positioning plate (63), and a side of the positioning plate (63) away from the connecting plate (62) being fixedly connected to a corrugated plate (64).

10. A device for detecting the vertical bearing capacity of a pile foundation in geotechnical engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that: A curved groove (65) is provided through the surface of the positioning plate (63), and a rubber column (66) is provided inside the curved groove (65). A plurality of the rubber columns (66) are evenly distributed inside the curved groove (65), and both ends of the rubber columns (66) are fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the curved groove (65).

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