Solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaic panels, and discloses a solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with an active protection function, the solar photovoltaic panel tracking device comprises a tracking device, a driving mechanism, a wind speed sensor and a separation part, the wind speed sensor is in signal connection with the separation part, and the tracking device is connected with a pressing block below the separation part. The pressing block and the two sides of the tracking device are connected with ropes for binding, the driving mechanism is connected to the separation part and used for driving the tracking device to rotate, the device has the wind speed detection and automatic separation functions, the driving mechanism and the tracking device can be disconnected in time when strong wind comes, and therefore the wind speed detection and automatic separation functions are achieved. The transmission structure is prevented from being damaged by strong wind, and the reliability and durability of the system are improved; and the servo motor can accurately adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel, and can quickly respond to the wind speed change to ensure that the photovoltaic panel is in an optimal working state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaic panels, and in particular to a solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with an active protection function. Background Art

[0002] The solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket is driven by one or more reduction mechanisms. According to the position of the sun, the reduction mechanism rotates the main shaft to drive the photovoltaic module to rotate to improve the utilization rate of light; Solar photovoltaic power stations are suitable for deployment in areas with vast land and sparse population. However, due to the lack of obstructions of buildings and hills in these vast and flat areas, local strong winds are prone to frequent occurrence. Usually, a solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket will be equipped with multiple solar photovoltaic panels. The solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket mainly includes a rotating shaft and a fixed plate connected to the rotating shaft. The fixed plate is used to install the solar photovoltaic panel. In order to ensure sufficient power, each individual solar photovoltaic panel is about 2 square meters. When several solar photovoltaic panels are arranged and installed on the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket, the large area of ​​solar photovoltaic panels will bring greater wind resistance to the entire device. Under the action of strong wind, since the rotating shaft or transmission mechanism of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket is not disconnected, the strong wind will cause the rotating shaft of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket to produce a large reverse torque. Taking the reduction mechanism and the rotating shaft of the photovoltaic module as an example, due to the sudden change of wind force and unstable direction, the rotating mechanism and the gear transmission system will be under excessive pressure, which may cause damage to components such as gears, transmission shafts or reducers. Frequent overload may cause poor meshing of the internal gears of the reduction mechanism, resulting in wear, jamming or even breakage. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function to solve the problem that the existing solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket under strong wind, because the rotating shaft or transmission mechanism of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket is not disconnected from the reduction mechanism and the driving mechanism, the strong wind will cause the rotating shaft of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket to generate a large reverse torque, which may cause damage to components such as gears, transmission shafts or reducers. The specific technical solution is as follows: A solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function comprises a tracking device, a driving mechanism, a wind speed sensor and a separation part, wherein the wind speed sensor is connected to the separation part by signal, the tracking device is connected to a pressure block below the separation part, the pressure block is connected to both sides of the tracking device by ropes for binding, the driving mechanism is connected to the separation part, the driving mechanism is used to drive the tracking device to rotate, the separation part drives the driving mechanism to rotate downward in response to a strong wind signal detected by the wind speed sensor to separate the driving mechanism from the tracking device, and the separation part drives the driving mechanism to rotate until it is above the pressure block, and the pressure block is pressed by the driving mechanism.

[0004] As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the separation part includes a base, a first cylinder and a guide rail, the guide rail is transversely installed on the base, a slider is slidably connected to the guide rail, the telescopic end of the first cylinder is connected to the slider, and the driving mechanism is connected to the slider.

[0005] As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, an extended end is provided on the side of the slider, and the driving mechanism is connected to the extended end.

[0006] As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, an L-shaped slide groove is provided on the base, one end of the L-shaped slide groove is parallel to the guide rail, a circular rotating plate slidably matched with the L-shaped slide groove is provided in the L-shaped slide groove, a connecting rod is provided on the end face of the circular rotating plate, and both ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the end face of the circular rotating plate and the end face of the extended end.

[0007] As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, a rotating shaft is inserted into the extended end and rotated with it, and both ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the rod and the driving mechanism.

[0008] As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the driving mechanism includes a servo motor and a second cylinder, the telescopic end of the second cylinder is connected to the servo motor, the second cylinder or the servo motor is arranged horizontally and is parallel to the guide rail, and the second cylinder is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0009] As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the base is provided with an induction switch on the side of one end of the L-shaped slide groove, and the outer side of the connecting rod is connected to a trigger element for cooperating with the induction switch.

[0010] As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the tracking device includes a solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket, the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket is provided with a rotating shaft, the servo motor and the rotating shaft are respectively provided with a first gear and a second gear, and the first gear and the second gear are meshed for transmission.

[0011] As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the pressing block is arranged below the other end of the L-shaped slide groove, the rope includes an elastic rope, and the two ends of the bottom surface of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket are respectively connected to the elastic rope, and the elastic rope is connected to the pressing block.

[0012] As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the first gear is coaxially connected to the rotating end of the servo motor, a plug-in portion is provided at the end of the rotating end, and a plug-in groove for accommodating the plug-in portion is provided on the pressing block.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the device has wind speed detection and automatic separation functions, and can disconnect the driving mechanism and the tracking device in time when strong winds come, avoiding damage to the transmission structure caused by strong winds and improving the reliability and durability of the system; the servo motor can accurately adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel and can quickly respond to changes in wind speed to ensure that the photovoltaic panel is in the best working state; the pressure block will pull two elastic ropes during the downward movement, so that the two ends of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket are continuously stressed, thereby making the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket more stable.

[0014] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. Of course, it is not necessary to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time to implement any product or method of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is another structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fan of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the winding motor of the fan of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. tracking device; 2. driving mechanism; 3. wind speed sensor; 4. separation part; 5. pressure block; 6. elastic rope; 7. winding motor; 8. fan; 11. rotating shaft; 111. second gear; 21. servo motor; 22. second cylinder; 211. first gear; 41. base; 42. first cylinder; 43. guide rail; 44. slider; 46. L-shaped slide; 45. extension end; 47. connecting rod; 48. circular rotating plate; 491. induction switch; 492. trigger element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0024] See also Figure 1-5 In an embodiment of the present invention, a solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with an active protection function includes a tracking device 1, a driving mechanism 2, a wind speed sensor 3 and a separation part 4, wherein the driving mechanism 2 is used to drive the tracking device 1, the driving mechanism 2 is movably connected to the separation part 4, the wind speed sensor 3 is signal-connected to the separation part 4, and the separation part 4 drives the driving mechanism 2 to separate from the tracking device 1 in response to a signal detected by the wind speed sensor 3. Specifically, a wind speed threshold is built into the wind speed sensor 3. When the wind speed sensor 3 detects that the wind speed reaches the wind speed threshold, the wind speed sensor 3 sends a signal to the separation part 4. After receiving the signal, the separation part 4 drives the driving mechanism 2 to separate from the tracking device 1, thereby preventing the tracking device 1 from generating a large reverse torque due to strong wind, thereby damaging the transmission structure between the driving mechanism 2 and the tracking device 1, and effectively preventing the tracking device 1 from generating an excessive reverse torque when the wind force is too strong, reducing damage to the driving mechanism 2 and the transmission structure, and ensuring that the system can protect itself in extreme climates.

[0025] See also Figure 2Regarding the separation part 4, the separation part 4 includes a base 41, a first cylinder 42 and a guide rail 43. The guide rail 43 is transversely installed on the base 41. A slider 44 is slidably connected to the guide rail 43. The telescopic end of the first cylinder 42 is connected to the slider 44. The driving mechanism 2 is connected to the slider 44. By controlling the telescopic action of the first cylinder 42, the moving direction and moving distance of the slider 44 can be accurately controlled. When strong wind occurs, the first cylinder 42 is used to drive the slider 44 to drive the driving mechanism 2 and the tracking device 1 to separate efficiently; The separation mechanism of the above embodiment can effectively protect the driving mechanism 2 from wind pressure damage. However, in a strong wind environment, the solar photovoltaic panel still exists on the separated solar photovoltaic panel tracking device 1, and the entire device is still facing the risk of instability. It is easy to swing or tilt violently under the action of strong wind, which may cause damage to the photovoltaic panel itself or further structural instability, and even cause the photovoltaic panel to fall off or other safety hazards. Based on the above technical problems, the present invention further provides an embodiment to solve the above problems. Specifically, an extension end 45 is provided on the side of the slider 44, the driving mechanism 2 is connected to the extension end 45, and an L-shaped slide groove 46 is provided on the base 41. One end of the L-shaped slide groove 46 is parallel to the guide rail 43. In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 2 includes a servo motor 21 and a second cylinder 22. The telescopic end of the second cylinder 22 is connected to the servo motor 21. The transversely arranged second cylinder 22 or servo motor 21 is parallel to the guide rail 43. The second cylinder 22 is connected to the rotating shaft. Specifically, the second cylinder 22 and the servo motor 21 are side by side, and the second cylinder 22 and the servo motor 21 are located in the extension direction of one end of the L-shaped slide groove 46, and the other end of the L-shaped slide groove 46 is arranged in the direction of the guide rail 43, or the other end of the L-shaped slide groove 46 is below the guide rail 43. For further information, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 A circular rotating plate 48 that is slidably matched with the circular rotating plate 48 is provided in the L-shaped slide groove 46, and a connecting rod 47 is provided on the end surface of the circular rotating plate 48. The two ends of the connecting rod 47 are respectively hinged with the end surface of the circular rotating plate 48 and the end surface of the extension end 45. Specifically, a rotating shaft that is rotatably matched with the circular rotating plate 48 is inserted into the extension end 45, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the rod and the driving mechanism 2. Preferably, the tracking device 1 includes a solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket, and a rotating shaft 11 is provided on the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket. The servo motor 21 and the rotating shaft 11 are respectively provided with a first gear 211 and a second gear 111, and the first gear 211 and the second gear 111 are meshed for transmission. The tracking device 1 also includes a pressing block 5, which is arranged below the other end of the L-shaped slide groove 46. Elastic ropes 6 are respectively connected to the two ends of the bottom surface of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket, and the elastic rope 6 is connected to the pressing block 5; The operating principle of the separation unit 4 is: When the wind speed sensor 3 detects that the wind speed reaches the wind speed threshold, the wind speed sensor 3 sends a signal to the separation part 4. After the separation part 4 receives the signal, the telescopic end of the first cylinder 42 contracts (by default, the telescopic end of the first cylinder 42 is in an extended state, and the drive mechanism 2 and the tracking mechanism can be transmitted at this time). When the telescopic end of the first cylinder 42 changes from the extended state to the contracted state, the telescopic end of the first cylinder 42 drives the slider 44 and the drive mechanism 2 to retreat, and the drive mechanism 2 and the tracking mechanism are disconnected. At the same time, when the slider 44 retreats, the extended end 45 of the slider 44 pushes the connecting rod 47 to retreat, and the connecting rod 47 drives the circular rotating plate 48 to slide in the L-shaped slide groove 46. It should be noted that at this time, the circular rotating plate 48 slides in one end of the L-shaped slide groove 46; When the first cylinder 42 continues to drive the slider 44 and reaches a certain position, the circular rotating plate 48 will arrive at the intersection of the two ends of the L-shaped slide 46. If the first cylinder 42 continues to drive, the circular rotating plate 48 will slide from one end of the L-shaped slide 46 to the other end of the L-shaped slide 46. It should be noted that at this time, under the drive of the first cylinder 42, the circular rotating plate 48 will change from lateral displacement to longitudinal climbing. While changing its direction, the circular rotating plate 48 will also drive the connecting rod 47, the rotating shaft and the driving mechanism 2 to rotate. The driving mechanism 2 will rotate from a lateral setting to a longitudinal setting, so that the center of gravity of the entire driving mechanism 2 will drop. Since the driving mechanism 2 includes the second cylinder 22, when the driving mechanism 2 is rotated to be arranged longitudinally, the second cylinder 22 can be used to drive the servo motor 21 to press down the pressing block 5. When the pressing block 5 moves downward under pressure, the two elastic ropes 6 are pulled, so that the two ends of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket are continuously stressed, thereby making the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket more stable. Although the above technical solution can utilize the second cylinder 22 to drive the servo motor 21, it still lacks the corresponding starting conditions. In order to realize automation, the present invention further provides an embodiment to solve the above problem. Specifically, the base 41 is provided with a sensing switch 491 on the side of one end of the L-shaped slide groove 46, and the outer side of the connecting rod 47 is connected to a trigger element 492 for cooperating with the sensing switch 491. In this embodiment, the sensing switch 491 may be a proximity switch, and the trigger element 492 may be a metal element for triggering the proximity switch. The specific operating principle is: When the circular rotating plate 48 slides from one end of the L-shaped slide groove 46 to the other end of the L-shaped slide groove 46 and begins to gradually climb along the other end of the L-shaped slide groove 46, the trigger element 492 located on the side of the second cylinder 22 begins to gradually approach the sensing switch 491. It should be noted that the sensing switch 491 is at a certain height, and only when the circular rotating plate 48 drives the connecting rod 47 to flip to the connecting rod 47 to be vertically set can the sensing switch 491 be triggered. After the trigger element 492 triggers the sensing switch 491, the second cylinder 22 starts to drive the servo motor 21 to move downward. The servo motor 21 will gradually approach the pressing block 5 and eventually apply downward pressure to the pressing block 5, thereby making the elastic rope 6 in a taut state, thereby realizing pulling the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket downward from both sides, so that the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket can still remain stable in the face of strong winds.

[0026] See also Figure 5 In some embodiments, two symmetrically arranged winding motors 7 are connected to the pressing block 5, and the winding motors 7 are connected to the servo motor signal. The two elastic ropes 6 on both sides of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket are respectively connected to the two winding motors 7. Specifically, the elastic rope 6 is wound around the rotating end of the winding motor 7, and the elastic rope 6 is first led out from the rotating end of the winding motor 7 and then connected to the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket. By default, that is, when the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket maintains balance, the lengths of the elastic ropes 6 led out from the two winding motors 7 are consistent. When the servo motor drives the entire solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket to tilt to either side, one of the winding motors 7 contracts its elastic rope 6, and the other winding motor 7 releases the elastic rope 6; Preferably, the first gear 211 is coaxially connected to the rotating end of the servo motor 21, and a plug-in portion is provided at the end of the rotating end. A plug-in groove for accommodating the plug-in portion is provided on the pressure block 5. By arranging the plug-in portion to cooperate with the plug-in groove, the pressure block 5 can be prevented from being offset when pressure is applied to the pressure block 5.

[0027] For judging the wind speed, the present invention also provides an embodiment. Specifically, a fan 8 is used to replace the above-mentioned wind speed sensor 3. The fan 8 includes a central rotating rod and a plurality of blades connected to the central rotating rod, wherein one and only one blade is connected to a metal part. Another proximity switch is arranged on the side of the fan 8 for detecting the metal part. Every time the fan 8 rotates one circle, the proximity switch is triggered once. When the blade radius and the blade angular velocity (equal to the blade speed RPM) are known, the wind speed can be calculated to determine whether it will affect the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket, and the first cylinder 42 can be started as needed to drive the driving mechanism 2 to separate from the tracking mechanism.

[0028] In addition, the present invention also provides an operation logic applied to the fan 8, specifically: S1, setting the threshold wind speed v0, the blowing frequency f0, and the duration t0 on the fan 8 or the wind speed sensor 3; S2. When the actual wind speed v1 measured by the fan 8 or the wind speed sensor 3 is greater than v0, select a corresponding step according to the frequency and duration of the strong wind; S3A, when the actual blowing frequency f1 is greater than the blowing frequency f0, but the actual duration t1 is less than the duration t0, the fan 8 or the wind speed sensor 3 does not send a signal; S3B, when the actual blowing frequency f1 is greater than the blowing frequency f0, and the actual duration t1 is approximately equal to the duration t0, the fan 8 or the wind speed sensor 3 sends a signal; S3C, when the actual blowing frequency f1 is greater than the blowing frequency f0, and the actual duration t1 is greater than the duration t0, the fan 8 or the wind speed sensor 3 sends a signal; S3D, when the actual blowing frequency f1 is less than the blowing frequency f0, but the actual duration t1 is greater than the duration t0, the fan 8 or the wind speed sensor 3 sends a signal; S3E, when the actual blowing frequency f1 is less than the blowing frequency f0, and the actual duration t1 is approximately equal to the duration t0, the fan 8 or the wind speed sensor 3 sends a signal; S3F, when the actual blowing frequency f1 is less than the blowing frequency f0, and the actual duration t1 is less than the duration t0, the fan 8 or the wind speed sensor 3 does not send a signal; When working normally under low wind speed conditions, the wind speed sensor 3 or the fan 8 will continue to monitor the surrounding environment. When the wind speed does not reach the preset wind speed threshold, the tracking device 1 will remain in a normal working state, and the servo motor 21 will control the angle change of the photovoltaic panel to ensure maximum light reception.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in this document are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a tracking device, a driving mechanism, a wind speed sensor and a separation part, wherein the wind speed sensor is connected to the separation part by signal, the tracking device is connected to a pressure block below the separation part, the pressure block is connected to both sides of the tracking device by ropes for binding, the driving mechanism is connected to the separation part, the driving mechanism is used to drive the tracking device to rotate, the separation part drives the driving mechanism to rotate downward in response to the strong wind signal detected by the wind speed sensor to separate the driving mechanism from the tracking device, and the separation part drives the driving mechanism to rotate until it is above the pressure block, and the pressure block is pressed by the driving mechanism.

2. A solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation part includes a base, a first cylinder and a guide rail, the guide rail is transversely installed on the base, a slider is slidably connected to the guide rail, the telescopic end of the first cylinder is connected to the slider, and the driving mechanism is connected to the slider.

3. A solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function according to claim 2, characterized in that: An extended end is provided on the side of the slider, and the driving mechanism is connected to the extended end.

4. The solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An L-shaped slide groove is provided on the base, one end of the L-shaped slide groove is parallel to the guide rail, a circular rotating plate slidably matched with the L-shaped slide groove is provided in the L-shaped slide groove, a connecting rod is provided on the end surface of the circular rotating plate, and both ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the end surface of the circular rotating plate and the end surface of the extended end.

5. A solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating shaft is inserted through the extended end and is rotatably matched with the extended end. Two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the rod and the driving mechanism.

6. A solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and a second cylinder, the telescopic end of the second cylinder is connected to the servo motor, the second cylinder or the servo motor is arranged horizontally and is parallel to the guide rail, and the second cylinder is connected to the rotating shaft.

7. A solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base is provided with an induction switch on the side of one end of the L-shaped slide groove, and the outer side of the connecting rod is connected with a trigger element for cooperating with the induction switch.

8. The solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tracking device comprises a solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket, a rotating shaft is arranged on the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket, a first gear and a second gear are arranged on the servo motor and the rotating shaft respectively, and the first gear and the second gear are meshed for transmission.

9. A solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressing block is arranged below the other end of the L-shaped slide groove, and the rope includes an elastic rope. The two ends of the bottom surface of the solar photovoltaic panel tracking bracket are respectively connected to the elastic rope, and the elastic rope is connected to the pressing block.

10. A solar photovoltaic panel tracking device with active protection function according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first gear is coaxially connected to the rotating end of the servo motor, a plug-in portion is provided at the end of the rotating end, and a plug-in groove for accommodating the plug-in portion is provided on the pressing block.

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