Straw deep burying and returning method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw deep burying and returning method and device, and relates to the technical field of straw returning device.According to the technical scheme, the straw deep burying and returning device comprises a device body, a crushing cavity is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the device body, a crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing cavity, a filter plate is arranged on the lower portion of the crushing mechanism, and two vibration assemblies are fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter plate; a material box is arranged at the front end of the filter plate, three material guide pipes are fixedly connected to the front end of the material box, and the sides, far away from the material box, of the three material guide pipes are fixedly connected to the lower portions of the soil breaking coulters, and the three soil breaking coulters can be driven to move up and down through the adjusting mechanism before the device is used, so that the soil breaking depth of the soil breaking coulters is flexibly adjusted according to the soil quality of the land; fluency of the device during soil breaking and ditching is effectively guaranteed, after ditching is completed and straw is put in, soil covering wheels arranged at the rear ends of soil breaking coulters can push soil accumulated on the two sides of a soil ditch to enter the soil ditch, and therefore the straw is covered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of straw returning to fields devices, and in particular to a method and a device for deep burying straw returning to fields. Background Art

[0002] The background technology of the straw deep burial returning device originates from the demand for farmland soil improvement and efficient utilization of straw resources. Traditional farming methods often lead to a lack of organic matter in the sub-surface soil and excessive compaction. As agricultural waste rich in organic matter, returning straw to the field is of great significance for improving soil fertility. However, traditional straw returning methods have the problems of high cost or poor effect. Therefore, the development of a straw deep burial returning device aims to enrich straw and bury it deep in the sub-surface soil by mechanized means to achieve rapid fertilization and soil improvement. This technology can not only avoid the environmental pollution caused by straw burning, but also effectively increase the soil organic matter content, improve soil structure, and improve soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, providing good conditions for the growth of crops. It is an important measure to achieve sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] After searching, the invention patent of Chinese patent number CN109729841 B discloses a method and device for pulping and deeply burying field fiber straw in the field. After collecting the straw, it is pulped and finally buried in the field. In the pulping process, the straw is processed to a length of ≤1mm, and the straw and water are mixed into a flowable state by combining the action of water. The water content of the straw pulp is ≥50%. The present invention not only solves the problem of ground straw affecting sowing and crop growth through a new way of returning to the field, but also can reduce soil compaction by combining deep loosening mechanization. The pulped straw can increase the organic matter in the deep soil during the decay process. Compared with the prior art, the invention patent of Chinese patent number CN109729841 B can solve the problem of no-till sowing blockage caused by large amount of straw to a large extent by solving the existing straw processing method, but it can never solve the problems of sowing drying and pests caused by returning straw to the field.

[0004] However, in actual use of the above device, the depth of the furrows broken by the plow blades varies for soils of different soil types, and the amount of soil accumulated on both sides of the furrows also varies. It is difficult to effectively push the soil on both sides of the furrows into the furrows only by using a pressure roller, resulting in a poor covering effect. Therefore, a method and device for deep burying straw for returning to the field is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that for soils of different soil types, the depths of the furrows broken by the plowshares are different, and the amounts of soil accumulated on both sides of the furrows are also different. It is difficult to effectively push the soil on both sides of the furrows into the furrows only by using a pressure roller, thus resulting in a poor covering effect. A method and device for deep burying straw and returning it to the field are proposed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A straw deep burying and returning method and device, comprising a device body, a crushing chamber fixedly connected to the upper part of the device body, a crushing mechanism arranged inside the crushing chamber, a filter plate arranged at the lower part of the crushing mechanism, two vibration components fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter plate, a material box fixedly connected to the front end of the filter plate, three material guide pipes fixedly connected to the front end of the material box, the three material guide pipes are fixedly connected to the lower part of a soil breaking plow cutter away from the material box, a fan is interspersed in the middle of the material guide pipe, the bottom of the fan is fixedly connected to the device body, an adjustment mechanism is symmetrically arranged at the front end of the device body, a soil breaking plow cutter is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjustment mechanism, and the soil breaking plow cutter is driven up and down by the adjustment mechanism to adjust the soil breaking depth;

[0008] Three soil covering mechanisms are arranged at the bottom of the device body, and the soil covering mechanisms correspond to the positions of the soil breaking plow cutters one by one. The soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering shell fixedly connected to the bottom of the device body, a second motor is arranged on one side of the soil covering shell, and a first gear is arranged at the output end of the second motor, the first gear is meshingly connected with the first rotating member, the first rotating member is meshingly connected with the second rotating member, the first rotating member is rotatably connected with a connecting plate at the lower part of the first rotating member and the second rotating member, the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the soil covering shell, and the lower part of the connecting plate is rotatably connected with a soil covering wheel, the first gear and the first rotating member and the second rotating member are driven to rotate by the second motor, and the rotation of the first rotating member and the second rotating member drives the connecting plates on both sides to rotate at the same time, thereby driving the soil covering wheels on both sides to rotate, so as to adjust the bulldozing angle of the soil covering wheels.

[0009] The above technical solution further includes:

[0010] The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment shell fixedly connected to the front end of the device body, a first motor is arranged at the bottom of the adjustment shell, an adjustment component is arranged at the output end of the first motor, two wheels are arranged at the bottom of the device body, and a mounting bar is fixedly connected to the upper part of the device body, and the device body can be connected to the agricultural machinery through the mounting bar.

[0011] The adjustment component includes a screw rod arranged at the output end of the first motor, the screw rod is rotatably connected to the adjustment housing, the screw rod is threadedly connected to a connecting piece, a soil-breaking coulter is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting piece, and the number of the soil-breaking coulters is three.

[0012] The rear end of the connecting member is rotatably connected to two rotating wheels, a limiting rod is arranged at the middle position of the rotating wheels, and the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the adjusting housing.

[0013] The crushing mechanism comprises a fourth motor arranged at one side of the crushing chamber, and a crushing assembly is arranged at the output end of the fourth motor.

[0014] The crushing assembly includes a second gear arranged at the output end of the fourth motor, the second gear is meshedly connected with the third gear, the second gear and the third gear are fixedly connected with a crushing roller near the crushing chamber, and the crushing roller is rotationally connected to the crushing chamber.

[0015] A filter groove is arranged at the bottom of the filter plate.

[0016] The vibration assembly comprises a third motor arranged on the upper part of the filter tank, an eccentric shaft is arranged at the output end of the third motor, the eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, and a vibration rod is rotatably connected to the upper part of the connecting rod.

[0017] The vibration rod is slidably connected to the device body.

[0018] A method for using a straw deep-burying and returning-to-field device comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: When using, first send the straw collected from the land into the crushing chamber and crush it through the crushing mechanism inside the crushing chamber;

[0020] Step 2: After the straw is broken, it is filtered through the filter plate and collected in the material box. After enough straw is collected, the soil-breaking coulter is driven to move through the adjustment mechanism to adjust the soil-breaking depth, and then the agricultural machine is started to drive the main body of the device to move;

[0021] Step 3: The main body of the device moves to drive the soil-breaking plow at the bottom to break the soil. During the soil-breaking plow, the fan is started to send the straw in the material box into the material guide pipe through the fan. The straw falls into the bottom of the deep groove opened by the soil-breaking plow through the material guide pipe;

[0022] Step 4: After the straw enters the ditch, continue to move the device body. At this time, the covering wheel will rotate along the ground synchronously. During the movement of the inclined covering wheel, the soil accumulated on both sides of the ditch will be pushed down to cover the straw in the ditch.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. In the present invention, before the device is used, the three soil-breaking plowshares can be driven to move up and down by the adjusting mechanism, so that the soil-breaking depth of the soil-breaking plowshares can be flexibly adjusted according to the soil quality of the land, effectively ensuring the smoothness of the device when breaking soil and digging furrows. After the furrowing is completed and the straw is put in, the covering wheel arranged at the rear end of the soil-breaking plowshares can push the soil accumulated on both sides of the furrow into the furrow, thereby covering the straw, and the covering wheel can also be driven to rotate by the covering mechanism, so that the pushing angle of the covering wheel can be adjusted according to the amount of soil accumulated on both sides of the furrow, ensuring that the soil can effectively cover the straw in the furrow.

[0025] 2. In the present invention, when the device crushes the straw, some of the straw has not been completely dehydrated, and moisture may be generated during the crushing process. The crushed straw can be filtered through the filter plate to filter out the moisture in the straw, and during the straw filtering process, the filter plate can be driven to vibrate up and down through the vibration component, which not only improves the filtering effect of the filter plate, but also effectively prevents the straw from being blocked on the surface of the filter plate and affecting the normal operation of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a method and device for deep burying straw and returning it to the field proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the adjustment mechanism in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating mechanism in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil covering mechanism in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device body in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing chamber in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration component in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. device body; 2. crushing chamber; 3. fan; 4. material guide pipe; 5. soil-breaking plow; 6. connecting piece; 7. screw rod; 8. soil-covering wheel; 9. adjustment shell; 10. first motor; 11. limit rod; 12. rotating wheel; 13. soil-covering shell; 14. second motor; 15. first gear; 16. first rotating member; 17. second rotating member; 18. connecting plate; 19. material box; 20. filter tank; 21. filter plate; 22. third motor; 23. connecting rod; 24. fourth motor; 25. second gear; 26. third gear; 27. crushing roller; 28. eccentric shaft; 29. ​​vibration rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a method and device for deep burying straw and returning it to the field proposed in the present invention include a device body 1, a crushing chamber 2 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the device body 1, a crushing mechanism is arranged inside the crushing chamber 2, a filter plate 21 is arranged at the lower part of the crushing mechanism, two vibration components are fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter plate 21, a material box 19 is arranged at the front end of the filter plate 21, three material guide pipes 4 are fixedly connected to the front end of the material box 19, the three material guide pipes 4 are fixedly connected to the lower part of the soil-breaking plow 5 away from the material box 19, a fan 3 is interspersed in the middle of the material guide pipe 4, the bottom of the fan 3 is fixedly connected to the device body 1, an adjusting mechanism is symmetrically arranged at the front end of the device body 1, and the soil-breaking plow 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting mechanism, and the soil-breaking plow 5 is driven up and down by the adjusting mechanism to adjust the soil-breaking depth.

[0037] Three covering mechanisms are arranged at the bottom of the device body 1, and the positions of the covering mechanisms and the soil-breaking plow blades 5 correspond one to one. The covering mechanism includes a covering shell 13 fixedly connected to the bottom of the device body 1, and a second motor 14 is arranged on one side of the covering shell 13. A first gear 15 is arranged at the output end of the second motor 14, and the first gear 15 is meshingly connected with a first rotating member 16, and the first rotating member 16 is meshingly connected with a second rotating member 17. The first rotating member 16 and the second rotating member 17 are rotatably connected with a connecting plate 18 at the lower part, and the connecting plate 18 is rotatably connected to the soil-covering shell 13, and the lower part of the connecting plate 18 is rotatably connected with a covering wheel 8, and the first gear 15 and the first rotating member 16 and the second rotating member 17 are driven to rotate by the second motor 14, and the first rotating member 16 and the second rotating member 17 rotate to drive the connecting plates 18 on both sides to rotate at the same time, thereby driving the covering wheels 8 on both sides to rotate, and adjusting the bulldozing angle of the covering wheels 8.

[0038] The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting shell 9 fixedly connected to the front end of the device body 1, a first motor 10 is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting shell 9, an adjusting component is arranged at the output end of the first motor 10, two wheels are arranged at the bottom of the device body 1, a mounting bar is fixedly connected to the upper part of the device body 1, and the device body 1 can be connected to the agricultural machinery through the mounting bar, the adjusting component includes a screw rod 7 arranged at the output end of the first motor 10, the screw rod 7 is rotatably connected to the adjusting shell 9, the screw rod 7 is threadedly connected to the connecting piece 6, a soil-breaking plow 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting piece 6, and there are three soil-breaking plows 5, and the rear end of the connecting piece 6 is rotatably connected to two rotating wheels 12, a limit rod 11 is arranged at the middle position of the rotating wheel 12, and the limit rod 11 is fixedly connected to the adjusting shell 9.

[0039] In this embodiment, before use, the device can be installed on the agricultural machinery through the installation bar provided on the upper part of the device body 1, and then the first motor 10 can be started, and the screw rod 7 can be driven to rotate by the first motor 10. The rotation of the screw rod 7 can drive the threaded connecting member 6 to move. During the movement of the connecting member 6, the two rotating wheels 12 at the rear end move synchronously along the limit rod 11, which effectively ensures the stability of the connecting member 6 during movement. The movement of the connecting member 6 can drive the three soil-breaking plowshares 5 provided at the bottom to move up and down, thereby flexibly adjusting the soil-breaking depth of the soil-breaking plowshares 5 according to the soil quality of the land, effectively ensuring the smoothness of the device when breaking the soil and digging trenches.

[0040] After the furrow is opened by the soil-breaking plowshare 5, the fan 3 can be started, and the straw in the material box 19 can be sent into the guide pipe 4 through the fan 3, and the straw can be sent to the bottom of the ditch through the guide pipe 4, and the covering wheel 8 arranged at the rear end of the soil-breaking plowshare 5 can push the soil accumulated on both sides of the ditch, and send the soil into the ditch to cover the straw. By starting the second motor 14, the first gear 15 can be driven to rotate, and the rotation of the first gear 15 can drive the first rotating member 16 to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating member 16 can drive the meshing connected second rotating member 17 to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating member 16 and the second rotating member 17 can drive the connecting plates 18 on both sides to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the covering wheel 8 to rotate, so that the device can adjust the pusher angle of the covering wheel 8 according to the amount of soil accumulated on both sides of the ditch, to ensure that the soil can effectively cover the straw in the ditch.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, based on the first embodiment, the crushing mechanism includes a fourth motor 24 arranged on one side of the crushing chamber 2, a crushing assembly is arranged at the output end of the fourth motor 24, the crushing assembly includes a second gear 25 arranged at the output end of the fourth motor 24, the second gear 25 is meshingly connected with a third gear 26, the second gear 25 and the third gear 26 are fixedly connected with a crushing roller 27 near the side of the crushing chamber 2, the crushing roller 27 is rotatably connected to the crushing chamber 2, and a filter groove 20 is arranged at the bottom of the filter plate 21.

[0043] The vibration assembly includes a third motor 22 arranged on the upper part of the filter tank 20, and an eccentric shaft 28 is arranged at the output end of the third motor 22. The eccentric shaft 28 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 23, and a vibration rod 29 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the connecting rod 23. The vibration rod 29 is slidably connected to the device body 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, after the straw is fed into the crushing chamber 2, the fourth motor 24 can be started, and the second gear 25 can be driven to rotate by the fourth motor 24. The rotation of the second gear 25 can drive the meshing third gear 26 to rotate, and the rotation of the second gear 25 and the third gear 26 can drive the two crushing rollers 27 to rotate in opposite directions, so as to crush the straw. When the device crushes the straw, some straws have not been completely dehydrated, and moisture may be generated during the crushing process. The crushed straw can be filtered through the filter plate 21 provided at the bottom of the crushing chamber 2, so as to filter out the moisture in the straw, and during the straw filtering process, the eccentric shaft 28 can be driven to rotate by starting the third motor 22, and the rotation of the eccentric shaft 28 drives the connecting rod 23 to rotate, and the rotation of the connecting rod 23 can drive the rotatably connected vibration rod 29 to move up and down, thereby driving the fixedly connected filter plate 21 to vibrate, which not only improves the filtering effect of the filter plate 21, but also effectively prevents the straw from being blocked on the surface of the filter plate 21 and affecting the normal operation of the device.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A straw deep burying and returning device to the field, comprising a device body (1), characterized in that: The upper part of the device body (1) is fixedly connected with a crushing chamber (2), a crushing mechanism is arranged inside the crushing chamber (2), a filter plate (21) is arranged at the lower part of the crushing mechanism, two vibration components are fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter plate (21), a material box (19) is arranged at the front end of the filter plate (21), three material guide pipes (4) are fixedly connected to the front end of the material box (19), the three material guide pipes (4) are fixedly connected to the lower part of the soil breaking plow (5) on the side away from the material box (19), a fan (3) is inserted in the middle of the material guide pipe (4), the bottom of the fan (3) is fixedly connected to the device body (1), the front end of the device body (1) is symmetrically provided with an adjustment mechanism, the bottom of the adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to the soil breaking plow (5), and the soil breaking plow (5) is driven up and down by the adjustment mechanism to adjust the soil breaking depth; The bottom of the device body (1) is provided with three soil covering mechanisms, the soil covering mechanisms corresponding to the positions of the soil breaking plow blades (5) one by one, the soil covering mechanisms comprising a soil covering shell (13) fixedly connected to the bottom of the device body (1), a second motor (14) being provided on one side of the soil covering shell (13), a first gear (15) being provided at the output end of the second motor (14), the first gear (15) being meshedly connected to a first rotating member (16), the first rotating member (16) being meshedly connected to a second rotating member (17), the first rotating member (16) and The lower part of the second rotating member (17) is rotatably connected to a connecting plate (18), the connecting plate (18) is rotatably connected to the soil covering shell (13), the lower part of the connecting plate (18) is rotatably connected to a soil covering wheel (8), the first gear (15) and the first rotating member (16) and the second rotating member (17) are driven to rotate by the second motor (14), the first rotating member (16) and the second rotating member (17) rotate to drive the connecting plates (18) on both sides to rotate simultaneously, thereby driving the soil covering wheels (8) on both sides to rotate, and adjusting the bulldozing angle of the soil covering wheels (8).

2. A straw deep burying and returning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism comprises an adjustment housing (9) fixedly connected to the front end of the device body (1); a first motor (10) is arranged at the bottom of the adjustment housing (9); and an adjustment component is arranged at the output end of the first motor (10).

3. The straw deep burying and returning device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The adjustment assembly comprises a screw rod (7) arranged at the output end of the first motor (10), the screw rod (7) being rotationally connected to the adjustment housing (9), the screw rod (7) being threadedly connected to a connecting piece (6), and a soil-breaking plow blade (5) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting piece (6).

4. The straw deep burying and returning device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The rear end of the connecting member (6) is rotatably connected to two rotating wheels (12), a limiting rod (11) is provided in the middle of the rotating wheels (12), and the limiting rod (11) is fixedly connected to the adjustment housing (9).

5. The straw deep burying and returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The crushing mechanism comprises a fourth motor (24) arranged on one side of the crushing chamber (2), and a crushing assembly is arranged at the output end of the fourth motor (24).

6. The straw deep burying and returning device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The crushing assembly comprises a second gear (25) arranged at the output end of a fourth motor (24); the second gear (25) is meshingly connected with a third gear (26); a crushing roller (27) is fixedly connected to the second gear (25) and the third gear (26) on a side close to the crushing chamber (2); and the crushing roller (27) is rotationally connected to the crushing chamber (2).

7. The straw deep burying and returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A filter tank (20) is provided at the bottom of the filter plate (21).

8. The straw deep burying and returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vibration assembly comprises a third motor (22) arranged on the upper part of the filter tank (20); an eccentric shaft (28) is arranged at the output end of the third motor (22); the eccentric shaft (28) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (23); and a vibration rod (29) is rotatably connected to the upper part of the connecting rod (23).

9. The straw deep burying and returning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vibration rod (29) is slidably connected to the device body (1).

10. The method for using the straw deep-burying and returning device to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: When in use, firstly, straw collected from the land is sent into the crushing chamber (2), and the crushing mechanism inside the crushing chamber (2) is used to crush the straw; Step 2: After the straw is broken, it is filtered through the filter plate (21) and collected in the material box (19). After enough straw is collected, the soil breaking plow (5) is driven to move by the adjustment mechanism to adjust the soil breaking depth, and then the agricultural machine is started to drive the device body (1) to move; Step 3: The device body (1) moves to drive the soil-breaking plow (5) at the bottom to break the soil. During the soil-breaking plow (5) breaking the soil, the fan (3) is started, and the straw in the material box (19) is sent into the material guide pipe (4) through the fan (3). The straw falls into the bottom of the deep groove broken by the soil-breaking plow (5) through the material guide pipe (4); Step 4: After the straw enters the soil ditch, the device body (1) continues to move. At this time, the soil covering wheel (8) will rotate along the ground synchronously. During the movement of the inclined soil covering wheel (8), the soil accumulated on both sides of the soil ditch is pushed down to cover the straw in the ditch.

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