Organic millet planting method and organic millet obtained through organic millet planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting organic foxtail millet seeds by using agricultural enzymes and organic foxtail millet obtained by the organic planting method. The organic planting method comprises the following steps: preparing ferment compost and agricultural ferment; ferment compost is used as a base fertilizer, and in any one of a jointing stage, a heading stage and an early filling stage of the growth stage of the millet, an agricultural ferment stock solution is diluted by 100-300 times and then is continuously and uniformly sprayed to leaf surfaces of the millet for multiple times; research and production practices prove that by using the green ecological organic millet production technology, the yield of the organic millet and the lysine content in millet grains can be remarkably increased, and the planting method is low in planting cost, simple in operation method, easy to master by farmers and easy to popularize and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of planting of organic agriculture, and in particular relates to an organic millet planting method and organic millet obtained by the planting method. Background Art

[0002] Millet (Setaria italica) is a plant of the genus Setaria in the Poaceae family. It was called millet or millet in ancient times and is a drought-tolerant and stable-yield crop. Millet is native to China and is an important crop in my country as the first of the "five grains". After the millet is shelled, it becomes millet. Millet has high nutritional and health value. It contains dietary fiber, hydrolyzed polypeptides, millet polyphenols and other ingredients. It has multiple health benefits such as anti-oxidation, lowering blood lipids, lowering blood pressure, and lowering blood sugar. In particular, the amino acids in millet grains are the elements that constitute collagen and other human proteins, and are also necessary substances for the production of hormones, antibodies and enzymes. They also play a role in growth and development, calcium absorption, brain function, wound healing and many other body processes. The lysine content in ordinary cereal foods is very low and is easily destroyed during processing.

[0003] Organic farming is green, safe, and sustainable. It has a good effect on improving soil fertility, atmospheric environment, and the quality of agricultural products, and has become an important choice for high-quality agricultural production. Organic millet does not use chemical agents in the entire production and planting process, and organic fertilizers are applied to avoid soil pollution and waste of resources. The taste of millet is kept. It is safe, free of pesticide residues, and has excellent taste. It is a representative of high-end quality millet. With the improvement of living standards, people's demand for organic millet has increased and their requirements for nutritional quality have become higher and higher. At present, in the field of organic millet planting technology, there are still problems such as serious variety degeneration, low yield, uneven quality of raw grains, very low lysine content, and high planting costs.

[0004] Agricultural enzymes are organic, environmentally friendly agricultural inputs that are rich in beneficial microorganisms and organic acids. They can be used in agriculture to improve soil nutrients, promote plant growth and development, and enhance plant immunity to diseases. The production method of agricultural enzymes is simple, the raw materials are widely available, and the cost is extremely low. At the same time, it promotes the conversion of agricultural waste into farmland and realizes the cycle of planting and breeding. In recent years, agricultural enzymes have begun to attract people's attention due to their low cost and their role in health, ecology, plant growth promotion and disease resistance. In their study on potatoes (Zhao Guanglei et al. (2021) Anhui Agricultural Science 49: 158-160), spraying agricultural enzymes can increase the plant height, stem thickness and yield of potatoes. Liu Wei et al. studied rice cultivation (Liu Wei (2020) Heilongjiang Agricultural Science: 58-60). The application of enzymes can promote the growth of rice seedlings, effectively increase rice yield, and improve rice quality. It can be seen that agricultural enzymes have been used in the cultivation of different crops and fruits and vegetables. However, they have not been involved in the research on millet cultivation and production. In particular, in terms of increasing the lysine content in millet grains, the existing technology is to increase the lysine content in millet grains through breeding, foliar application of selenium or new humic acid in millet cultivation measures ([1] Li Xiangyu et al. [J]. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2024, 29(06): 68-76. [2] Mu Tingting et al. [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science, 2017, 50(01): 51-63.). However, these technologies all have problems such as high cost and difficulty in obtaining the required materials, which makes it difficult for ordinary farmers to learn and copy them, and are not suitable for promotion.

[0005] The inventor combined agricultural enzymes with the organic millet planting process to explore and research a new method for organic millet production, planting and management. This method can not only obtain green ecological organic millet, but also significantly improve millet yield and quality. It also has the advantages of low cost and waste utilization. Farmers can easily learn, copy and promote it, solving the technical problems that need to be solved urgently in organic millet planting and production. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems in the existing organic millet planting technology and the urgent demand for high yield and high quality, the present invention studies and explores the effects of agricultural enzymes on the growth and development and yield quality of millet. By spraying agricultural enzymes at different critical growth periods of millet, organic enzyme compost and agricultural enzymes are used in the millet planting process to increase the millet yield and the lysine content in millet grains, and ultimately obtain organic millet with increased yield and lysine content. The organic planting method has low agricultural enzyme cost, simple operation method, and is easy for farmers to master and use.

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides an organic millet grain obtained by spraying agricultural enzymes before different growth stages of millet, wherein the yield of the organic millet grain is 8305-11690 kg / hm 2 The lysine content of organic millet grains is between 0.146 and 0.152 nmol / g.

[0008] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for growing organic millet grains using agricultural enzymes, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare raw materials: select millet seeds, prepare enzyme compost and agricultural enzymes; S2. Fertilization and sowing: Use enzyme compost as base fertilizer, with a usage of 1-2 tons / mu. Apply the base fertilizer once and then sow; S3. Spraying agricultural enzymes: During the growth period of millet, at any one of the jointing stage, heading stage, and early grain filling stage, or two or three of them, dilute the original solution of agricultural enzymes and spray it evenly on the millet leaves; S4. Harvesting organic millet: After the millet matures, harvest and dry the millet kernels, and then thresh the kernels to produce millet.

[0009] Furthermore, the agricultural enzyme stock solution is used at a dosage of 1 liter / mu. After diluting the agricultural enzyme stock solution 100-300 times with water, it is evenly sprayed on the millet leaves for two or more times.

[0010] Preferably, in the method of planting organic millet grains, the agricultural enzyme stock solution is diluted 200 times with water at a dosage of 1 L / mu each time at any one period of the millet heading period and the early filling period, or both periods, and is evenly sprayed onto the millet leaves for two or more consecutive sprayings.

[0011] Furthermore, the agricultural enzyme is prepared by uniformly mixing brown sugar, discarded vegetables and Chinese medicinal materials, and water in a mass ratio of 1:3:10 and subjecting the mixture to anaerobic fermentation for more than 3 months.

[0012] Furthermore, the enzyme compost is used in an amount of 1.65 tons / mu and is applied once as a base fertilizer.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation of enzyme compost uses cow dung, straw, rice bran, mushroom sticks, etc. as main raw materials. Agricultural enzyme simple propagation agent is added when turning the manure, and it is added at 1‰ of the volume of the pile. It is fully decomposed after 40 days of aerobic fermentation.

[0014] Preferably, spraying agricultural enzymes during the jointing stage has the best effect. In the actual production process of organic millet, better yield and quality improvement effects can be achieved by spraying agricultural enzymes during the jointing stage. If conditions permit, foliar spraying can be performed at each key period to achieve the best effect.

[0015] Compared with conventional planting methods, the organic millet grains harvested by the planting method have a crude protein content increased by 4.01%-6.88% and a lysine content increased by 7.04%-10.14% by spraying agricultural enzymes before different growth stages of millet.

[0016] Agricultural enzymes are micro-ecological systems that integrate effective active ingredients such as beneficial bacteria, organic acids, amino acids, minerals, nutrients, and natural plant hormones. Existing studies have shown that agricultural enzyme fermentation is a process that converts organic matter into organic acids and other metabolites, mainly including a hydrolysis period, an acid production period, and a maturity period. It is easy for farmers to master and has low cost. In addition, agricultural enzymes can also be used in the process of composting organic fertilizers, and have a nitrogen-retaining function to make enzyme organic fertilizers. The present invention does not limit agricultural enzymes, and the use of other raw materials recommended raw materials to make agricultural enzymes and enzyme composts will theoretically have similar effects.

[0017] According to the embodiments of the present invention, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: A new technical route for organically growing organic millet has been developed. The planting method of the present invention mainly utilizes agricultural enzymes made from agricultural waste (fruit and vegetable waste and Chinese herbal medicine waste) to grow organic millet. The production method of agricultural enzymes is simple, the cost is low, and the materials are easy to obtain. At the same time, agricultural enzymes are mainly made from agricultural waste (fruit and vegetable waste and Chinese herbal medicine waste), etc., which is an eco-friendly agricultural waste treatment method. And it can be sprayed at any period of the growth period of millet planting, such as the millet jointing period, heading period, and early filling period, which is easy for farmers to master and promote.

[0018] The yield and quality of organic millet were improved. The test data of potted plant experiments and field experiments showed that: (1) Spraying agricultural enzymes can significantly increase millet yield and improve grain nutritional quality. Millet yield increased significantly by 38.67% and 24.80% under the treatment of millet jointing stage and heading stage, respectively; the crude protein content of grain increased significantly by 6.88% and 4.01% under the treatment of heading stage. The lysine content in grain increased significantly by 7.04%-10.14% under the treatment of early filling stage.

[0019] Agricultural enzymes can activate the antioxidant system of leaves to a certain extent, improve millet's resistance to abiotic stress, and enhance millet's adaptability under extreme climatic conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a comparison chart of millet yield between the treatment group and the control group sprayed with agricultural enzymes at different developmental stages.

[0021] Figure 2This is a comparison chart of the lysine content in millet of the treatment group and the control group sprayed with agricultural enzymes at different developmental stages. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described implementation is only a part of the implementation of the present invention, not all of the implementations. Based on the implementation of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The following example implements the method of using agricultural enzymes to plant organic millet grains of the present invention. The actual planting test is carried out in field tests from May to October each year. The test site is loess-type cultivated land on the Loess Plateau. The previous crop is corn. The physical and chemical properties of the soil are organic matter content 21.17 g / kg, total nitrogen 0.75 g / kg, available phosphorus 50 mg / kg, available potassium 332 mg / kg, pH 8.7. Two representative millet varieties were selected, and agricultural enzymes were sprayed at three key growth periods in the millet planting process, namely, spraying at the jointing stage, heading stage, and filling stage, as three treatment groups; spraying with clear water was used as the control group to compare the effects. Each treatment group sprayed agricultural enzymes during the set period, and sprayed with clear water in the rest of the period to control the variables. The control group sprayed clear water in all three key growth periods. Specifically comprising the following steps: Step 1: Prepare raw materials: select millet seeds, prepare enzyme compost and agricultural enzyme. (1) Select millet varieties, select Shanxi local old variety "Three Changes" and conventional variety (Jingu No. 21), both provided by Lingqiu County Tianjiliang Breeding and Farming Professional Cooperative. (2) Agricultural enzyme is prepared by uniformly mixing brown sugar: discarded vegetables and Chinese medicinal materials: water in a mass ratio of 1:3:10 and anaerobic fermentation for more than 3 months, and comes from the Laboratory of Organic Agriculture Collaboration Group of China Agricultural University. (3) The preparation of enzyme organic fertilizer is to add enzyme bacterial culture expansion liquid when turning the main raw materials of organic fertilizer such as cow dung, straw, rice bran, mushroom sticks, etc., and fully decompose through aerobic fermentation. The preparation method of the expansion bacterial agent is according to the ratio of molasses (1kg), agricultural enzyme (1kg), and water (100kg) under conditions above 20℃, and anaerobically ferment for 5~7 days. It comes from Lingqiu County Tianjiliang Breeding and Farming Professional Cooperative. The main components and basic properties of the agricultural enzymes and enzyme compost used in the experiment are shown in Table 1 below.

[0024] Table 1 Basic properties of agricultural enzymes and enzyme organic fertilizers

[0025]

[0026] Step 2: Fertilization and sowing. The experiment used enzyme organic fertilizer at 1.65 tons / mu as a base fertilizer. Millet was sown manually in holes.

[0027] Step 3: Spraying agricultural enzymes. The field experiment adopted a two-factor split-plot design. The main plot was 2 millet varieties: "Three Changes" and Jingu No. 21; the sub-plot was 3 key growth periods for spraying agricultural enzymes: spraying during the jointing period, spraying during the heading period, and spraying during the filling period, and spraying with clean water as a control. Each treatment group sprayed agricultural enzymes during the set period, and sprayed with clean water in the rest of the period to control the variables. The control group sprayed clean water during the three key growth periods. According to the settings of each treatment group, agricultural enzymes were sprayed after 16:00 in the afternoon on a clear and windless day for 2 consecutive days during the corresponding growth period (jointing period, heading period and filling period): according to the dosage of 1 L / mu, 25 mL of agricultural enzyme stock solution was diluted 200 times and evenly sprayed on the plot, and the non-treated plot was sprayed with clean water as a control, and the others were managed as usual.

[0028] Step 4: Harvest organic millet. When the millet is mature, harvest and dry the millet kernels, thresh the kernels into millet, and measure the yield and related quality indicators of the millet kernels.

[0029] The yield calculation and quality-related indexes were measured for the millet harvested from the two millet varieties in the field experiment mentioned above and the control group after being sprayed with agricultural enzymes before different growth stages.

[0030] The millet yield in the treatment group and the control group was tested. The results were as follows Figure 1 And as shown in Table 2. Figure 1 The bar graph shows the yield of organic millet after spraying agricultural enzymes before different growth stages of millet. Table 2 shows the yield of the two varieties "Three Changes" and Jingu No. 21 after spraying agricultural enzymes during the jointing stage, heading stage, and early filling stage of millet, compared with the control of spraying water. Figure 1 As shown in Table 2, in the "three changes", spraying agricultural enzymes at different growth stages (spraying at the jointing stage, spraying at the heading stage, and spraying at the filling stage) can significantly increase millet yield (P < 0.05, the same below). Compared with the control of spraying water, spraying agricultural enzymes at the jointing stage, heading stage, and early filling stage of millet increased the yield by 38.67%, 12.05%, and 16.49%, respectively. Among them, the millet yield was the highest under the jointing stage treatment, which was 11690 kg / hm 2. At the same time, although the spraying of agricultural enzymes during the heading stage and the early filling stage significantly increased the yield compared with spraying with water, there was no significant difference between the two treatments. In Jingu No. 21, spraying agricultural enzymes at different growth stages can also increase millet yield. Compared with the control of spraying with water, spraying agricultural enzymes during the jointing stage, heading stage, and early filling stage of millet increased the yield by 8.14%, 24.80%, and 7.89%, respectively. It can be seen that the organic millet yield obtained by spraying agricultural enzymes before different growth stages of millet is between 8305 and 11690 kg / hm 2 scope.

[0031] Table 2 Organic millet yields in the control group and treatment group

[0032] The lysine content in millet grains in the treatment group and the control group was determined by the ninhydrin colorimetric method according to the national standard GB5009.124-2016. Weigh 0.3 g of millet, grind it and add it to a test tube, add 20 mL of distilled water and shake it well, and keep it in a constant temperature water bath at 80 °C for 20 min. After the end, use distilled water to make up to 20 mL and shake it well. After filtering, measure the absorbance at 570 nm, and calculate the lysine content through the standard curve. The test results are as follows Figure 2 And as shown in Table 3. Figure 2 The bar graph shows the lysine content of the millet grains treated with agricultural enzymes and the control group before different growth stages. Table 3 shows the lysine content of millet grains of the two varieties of "Three Changes" and Jingu No. 21 after spraying agricultural enzymes and spraying water in the jointing stage, heading stage, and early grain filling stage. In the "Three Changes", spraying agricultural enzymes at different stages can significantly increase the lysine content of grains (P < 0.05, the same below), reaching the highest level in the early grain filling stage, which is 0.151 nmol / g, an increase of 10.14% compared with spraying water. The lysine content of Jingu No. 21 grains is the highest in the heading stage treatment, which is 0.152 nmol / g, an increase of 7.04% compared with spraying water. The order of the treatments is spraying at the heading stage > early grain filling > jointing stage. It can be seen that the lysine content of organic millet grains produced by spraying agricultural enzymes before different growth stages of millet is in the range of 0.146-0.152nmol / g.

[0033] The above results show that the lysine content of millet grains was significantly improved after being treated with agricultural enzymes during the jointing, heading and early filling stages. The millet test materials include the local old variety: Three Changes and the conventional variety: Jingu No. 21. In both varieties, this method has played a role in improving the lysine content of grains, proving that the method of spraying agricultural enzymes during the growth period of millet has a certain universality in improving the effect of lysine in millet grains.

[0034] Table 3 Lysine content of organic millet in the control group and treatment group

[0035] The results of the field planting experiments of the above-mentioned treatment group and control group showed that when 1.65 tons / mu of enzyme organic fertilizer was applied as a base fertilizer at one time and the agricultural enzyme concentrate was diluted 200 times and sprayed evenly, the yield of millet grains was significantly increased and the content of lysine was significantly increased.

[0036] Based on the theoretical research and production practice experience of agricultural enzymes, it is inferred that the use of enzyme organic fertilizer is 1-2 tons / mu, which is applied as a base fertilizer at one time, or the agricultural enzyme stock solution is diluted between 100-300 times and sprayed evenly before the different growth stages of millet. Similar technical effects can also be achieved. In addition, agricultural enzymes are sprayed at each critical growth period of millet, and nutrients are continuously supplemented during the growth and development process to strengthen and promote millet development. It is expected to achieve better technical effects of increasing yield and improving quality.

Claims

1. An organic millet grain grown using agricultural enzymes, characterized in that: Organic millet grain yield is 8305-11690 kg / hm 2 The lysine content in millet grains is between 0.146 and 0.152 nmol / g.

2. A method for growing organic millet grains using agricultural enzymes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Prepare raw materials: millet seeds, enzyme compost and agricultural enzymes; S2. Fertilization and sowing: Use enzyme compost as base fertilizer, with a usage of 1-2 tons / mu, and apply it once as base fertilizer before sowing; S3. Spraying agricultural enzymes: dilute the original solution of agricultural enzymes and spray it evenly on the leaves of millet at any one or two of the following stages: the jointing stage, the heading stage, and the early grain filling stage; S4. Harvesting organic millet: harvest the millet after it matures, thresh it after drying, and shell the kernels to make millet.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The agricultural enzyme stock solution is used at a dosage of 1 L / mu each time. After diluting the agricultural enzyme stock solution 100-300 times with water, it is evenly sprayed onto the millet leaves. Spray twice or more.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Select any one of the heading stage and the early grain filling stage of millet, or both stages, dilute the agricultural enzyme stock solution 200 times with water at a dosage of 1 L / mu, and spray it evenly onto the millet leaves for two or more consecutive sprayings.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The agricultural enzyme is prepared by uniformly mixing brown sugar, discarded vegetables and Chinese medicinal materials, and water in a mass ratio of 1:3:10 and subjecting the mixture to anaerobic fermentation for more than 3 months.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The enzyme compost is used in an amount of 1.65 tons / mu and is applied once as a base fertilizer.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The preparation of enzyme compost uses cow dung, straw, rice bran and mushroom sticks as the main raw materials. Agricultural enzyme simple propagation agent is added when turning the pile, at a rate of 1‰ of the pile volume, and it is fully decomposed after 40 days of aerobic fermentation.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Spray agricultural enzymes during the jointing stage, or spray them on the leaves at each critical period of millet, including the jointing stage, heading stage, and early grain filling stage.

9. Organic millet grains harvested by the method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: Compared with conventional planting methods, spraying agricultural enzymes before different growth stages of millet can increase the crude protein content of millet grains by 4.01%-6.88% and the lysine content by 7.04%-10.14%.

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