Portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis, and relates to the technical field of medical equipment.The X-ray machine adopts 18-26 V wide-range low-voltage power supply, primary boosting is performed through a full-bridge inverter circuit and a high-voltage transformer, secondary boosting is performed through a single-side CW voltage doubling rectifying circuit, the output voltage ranges from 30 kV to 80 kV, and the tube current ranges from 0.1 mA to 1 mA. A pseudo dual-energy imaging technology is introduced, low-energy and high-energy X-rays are used for imaging respectively, artifacts are reduced through continuous multi-image taking and contrast synthesis, and the imaging quality is improved. And the overexposure risk of the CCD camera is reduced by adopting an accurate dose control and delayed exposure technology. And a glue sealing insulation design and a split type structure are adopted, so that the equipment volume is reduced, and the portability is improved. Through integration of multiple technologies, the portable X-ray machine which is efficient, safe, capable of reducing measurement errors and radiation cost is provided, and the portable X-ray machine is suitable for osteoporosis detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis. Background Art

[0002] At present, the application of radiological imaging technology in osteoporosis is very important. Among them, the equipment and methods that can detect osteoporosis include ultrasound and X-ray technology. X-ray was discovered by Roentgen in 1985 and is mainly used in industry and medicine. In particular, the continuous innovation in the field of medicine has brought a qualitative breakthrough to modern Western medicine. Through ultrasound and X-ray technology, doctors can observe the density and structure of bones and find signs of osteoporosis in time. Among the above methods, ultrasound can provide bone structure information, but the imaging effect is poor.

[0003] At present, there are many kinds of X-ray tubes on the market, which are mainly composed of anode target, cathode filament and vacuum tube (made of glass, ceramic and metal). When working, the cathode filament is first heated to generate active electrons. When a voltage of tens of kV to hundreds of kV is applied to both ends of the vacuum X-ray glass tube, a high-voltage electric field is generated at both ends of the tube to attract cathode active electrons to hit the anode target to generate X-ray light. In practical applications, if the cathode filament power supply is turned on for too long, the load tungsten filament of the filament power supply may burn out the middle tungsten filament like a light bulb, so the turn-on time of the filament power supply and the anode high voltage should be reasonably controlled. When the high-voltage generator is working, the anode target will generate about 99% of the heat, causing a large temperature rise inside the anode target and the oil tank, and only 1% of the energy is reasonably utilized. In addition, in order to consider the insulation of the X-ray tube, we have to consider the insulation distance between the high-voltage output end and the oil tank, which in disguise increases the size of the X-ray machine; at the same time, the current X-ray machine uses 220V AC power supply, which limits the portability of the X-ray machine. In addition, although the current CCD camera is low-cost, for X-ray machines with too large focal points and target angles, the CCD camera will be overexposed during the imaging process, exceeding the 0-255 grayscale range allowed by the CCD camera. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis, utilizing the characteristics of fast X-ray imaging and low radiation dose, using high and low energy levels to emit X-rays to improve the imaging level, using a multi-image comparison and synthesis method to reduce measurement errors, and on the basis of traditional dual-energy direct switching, according to the performance parameters of the CCD camera, using a method of accurately controlling the dose rise rate to reduce the risk of overexposure of the CCD camera during imaging and improve the imaging effect, by using a wide range of 18 to 26V power supply for input, the output X-ray tube voltage works at 30kV to 80kV, the tube current works at 0.1mA to 1mA, and a dual-energy mode is provided to improve imaging quality.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis, comprising:

[0007] The power supply unit is used to provide a wide range of 18-26V low-voltage power supply, abandoning the traditional 220V power supply mode;

[0008] The high-voltage generator is connected to the power supply unit and supplies power to the primary side of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer through a full-bridge inverter circuit;

[0009] The voltage doubler rectifier circuit is located on the secondary side of the high-voltage generator and is used to rectify the secondary voltage of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer to provide a high-voltage electric field to the X-ray tube;

[0010] An X-ray tube is connected to the voltage-doubling rectifier circuit and is used to receive the high-voltage electric field provided after rectification by the voltage-doubling rectifier circuit and emit X-rays;

[0011] A filament circuit is connected to the X-ray tube and generates active electrons through control of a control circuit;

[0012] A CCD camera is arranged on the X-ray measurement side of the X-ray tube and is used to receive image signals generated after the X-rays penetrate the object;

[0013] A pseudo dual-energy imaging module is connected to the CCD camera and is used to use low-energy X-rays and high-energy X-rays for imaging respectively, and decompose the image into a low-energy image and a high-energy image, and adopt a method of continuous multiple-frame image acquisition and contrast synthesis to reduce artifacts;

[0014] The dose control unit is connected to the control circuit of the filament circuit and is used to control the rising speed of the radiation dose in the X-ray tube to reduce the risk of overexposure of the CCD camera.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the high voltage generator adopts a split design, the input voltage is 24V, the output voltage is 30kV to 80kV, and the tube current is 0.2mA to 1mA.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, the high voltage generator adopts glue sealing for high voltage insulation, which reduces the volume of the equipment and improves portability.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention, the pseudo dual-energy imaging module in the portable X-ray machine includes a first energy level and a second energy level, and the first energy level and the second energy level correspond to low-energy X-rays and high-energy X-rays in pseudo dual-energy X-ray imaging.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, the portable X-ray machine includes a primary boost circuit and a secondary boost circuit. The primary boost circuit corresponds to the full-bridge inverter circuit and the high-frequency high-voltage transformer in the high-voltage generator. The EE-type high-voltage transformer used in the high-voltage generator has the characteristics of small size and simple winding. The secondary boost circuit corresponds to the voltage doubler rectifier circuit. The capacitors and diodes in the voltage doubler rectifier circuit are arranged as a single-sided CW voltage doubler rectifier circuit.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, the unilateral CW voltage doubler rectifier circuit includes a plurality of cascaded capacitors and diodes, forming a layer-by-layer increasing voltage doubler circuit, so that the AC input voltage is doubled in each cascaded capacitor and diode, and a higher DC voltage is obtained at the final output end.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, the pseudo dual-energy imaging module eliminates imaging errors caused by artifacts by taking multiple images continuously during the low-energy X-ray and high-energy X-ray working stages.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention, the control circuit in the portable X-ray machine uses an analog control chip to control the output voltage and tube current of the high voltage generator to output a wide range of voltage and tube current, thereby achieving precise control of a wide range of voltage and current.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention, the pseudo dual-energy imaging module also includes a delayed exposure unit for reducing the risk of overexposure of the device during the imaging process.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Low-voltage power supply and miniaturized design improve portability and safety. The portable X-ray machine of the present invention abandons the traditional 220V power supply mode and adopts a wide range of 18-26V low-voltage power supply, which not only reduces the insulation level requirements, but also improves the portability of the equipment and the safety of the working circuit. The split high-voltage generator design and glue-sealed insulation method significantly reduce the size of the equipment by about 1 / 3 compared with the traditional oil-sealed method, making the equipment lighter and easier to carry.

[0025] 2. Use dual-energy imaging mode to optimize imaging quality and reduce artifacts. The present invention uses pseudo dual-energy imaging technology to perform low-energy and high-energy X-ray imaging, and decompose and contrast the images to reduce structural noise and improve imaging effects. In the stable stage of low-energy and high-energy work, multiple images are taken continuously, and the impact of artifacts on the final imaging quality is reduced through contrast synthesis.

[0026] 3. Through dose control, the risk of overexposure is reduced and the working range is wide. The present invention accurately controls the rising speed of the radiation dose and adopts delayed exposure technology to significantly reduce the risk of overexposure of the CCD camera during the imaging process and improve the imaging effect. The high-voltage generator can output a voltage range of 30kV to 80kV and a tube current of 0.1mA to 1mA under a 24V power supply to meet different imaging requirements. The analog control chip realizes precise control of the output voltage and tube current of the high-voltage generator over a wide range, ensuring stable operation of the equipment under different working conditions.

[0027] 4. By comparing and shooting multiple images, the imaging accuracy is improved and the medical and radiation costs are reduced. The present invention further accurately detects the degree of osteoporosis by continuously taking images and comparing and synthesizing them, reduces measurement errors, and ensures the accuracy of imaging results. The device design of the present invention reduces the medical and radiation costs of patients during osteoporosis detection, making the device very suitable for wide application.

[0028] In summary, the present invention provides an efficient, portable, safe and economical osteoporosis measurement X-ray machine through a number of technical innovations such as low-voltage power supply, dual-energy imaging, multi-image comparison, dose control and miniaturized design, which greatly improves the imaging quality and measurement accuracy and reduces the risk of overexposure and use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the principle of a portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a single-sided CW voltage doubler rectifier circuit in a portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be preferably described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, one embodiment of the present invention provides a portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis, the X-ray machine includes a power supply unit, a high-voltage generator, a full-bridge inverter circuit, a voltage doubling rectifier circuit, an X-ray tube, a filament circuit, a control circuit, a CCD camera, a pseudo dual-energy imaging module and a dose control unit; the power supply unit is used to provide a wide range of 18-26V low-voltage power supply, abandoning the traditional 220V power supply mode, the high-voltage generator is connected to the power supply unit, and the primary side of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer is powered by the full-bridge inverter circuit; the voltage doubling rectifier circuit is located on the secondary side of the high-voltage generator, and is used to rectify the secondary side voltage of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer and provide a high-voltage electric field to the X-ray tube; the X-ray tube and the voltage doubling rectifier circuit are connected to the power supply unit, and the voltage doubling rectifier circuit is connected to ... The circuit is connected to receive the high-voltage electric field provided after rectification by the voltage-doubling rectifier circuit and emit X-rays; the filament circuit is connected to the X-ray tube and generates active electrons through the control circuit; the CCD camera is arranged on the X-ray measurement side of the X-ray tube and is used to receive the image signal generated after the X-ray penetrates the object; the pseudo dual-energy imaging module is connected to the CCD camera and is used to use low-energy X-rays and high-energy X-rays for imaging respectively, and decompose the image into low-energy image and high-energy image, and use the method of continuous multiple-frame acquisition and contrast synthesis to reduce artifacts; the dose control unit is connected to the control circuit of the filament circuit and is used to control the radiation dose rising speed in the X-ray tube to reduce the overexposure risk of the CCD camera.

[0035] The present invention adopts pseudo dual-energy imaging technology, through low-energy and high-energy X-ray imaging, and decomposes and contrasts the images, thereby reducing structural noise and improving imaging effects. In the stable stage of low-energy and high-energy working, multiple images are taken continuously, and the influence of artifacts on the final imaging quality is reduced through contrast synthesis.

[0036] In this embodiment, the high-voltage generator adopts a split design, the input voltage is 24V, the output voltage is 30kV~80kV, and the tube current is 0.2mA~1mA. The traditional transformer oil seal method is abandoned inside the high-voltage generator, and the glue seal method is used for high-voltage insulation, which reduces the volume of the equipment and improves portability. The portable X-ray machine of the present invention abandons the traditional 220V power supply method and adopts a wide range of 18~26V low-voltage power supply, which not only reduces the insulation level requirements, but also improves the portability of the equipment and the safety of the working circuit. The split high-voltage generator design and glue seal insulation method significantly reduce the volume of the equipment by about 1 / 3 compared with the traditional oil seal method, making the equipment lighter and easier to carry.

[0037] In this embodiment, a 24V power supply is supplied to the primary side of a high-frequency high-voltage transformer through a full-bridge inverter circuit, and then a high-voltage electric field is provided to the X-ray tube through a voltage doubler rectifier circuit on the secondary side of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer.

[0038] The pseudo dual-energy imaging module in the portable X-ray machine includes a first energy level and a second energy level, and the first energy level and the second energy level correspond to low-energy X-rays and high-energy X-rays in pseudo dual-energy X-ray imaging.

[0039] In this embodiment, the portable X-ray machine includes a primary boost circuit and a secondary boost circuit. The primary boost circuit corresponds to the full-bridge inverter circuit and the high-frequency high-voltage transformer in the high-voltage generator. The EE-type high-voltage transformer used in the high-voltage generator has the characteristics of small size and simple winding. The secondary boost circuit corresponds to the voltage doubler rectifier circuit. The capacitors and diodes in the voltage doubler rectifier circuit are arranged as a unilateral CW voltage doubler rectifier circuit.

[0040] The unilateral CW voltage doubler rectifier circuit comprises a plurality of cascaded capacitors and diodes, forming a voltage doubler circuit that increases layer by layer, so that the AC input voltage is doubled in each cascaded capacitor and diode, and a higher DC voltage is obtained at the final output end.

[0041] See also Figure 2 As shown, the secondary boost circuit adopts a single-sided Cockcroft-Walton (CW) voltage doubler rectifier circuit, which has a simple boost structure and a small structure. The single-sided CW voltage doubler rectifier circuit contains a series of capacitors (C1, C2, ..., C 2n ) and diodes (D1, D2, ..., D 2n ), converting AC voltage into higher DC voltage. This circuit has the characteristics of simple structure and small size, and is suitable for use in this portable device. The specific circuit connection relationship is as follows:

[0042] (1) Transformer secondary:

[0043] One port of the secondary of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer is connected to the connection point of the capacitor C1 and the diode D1; the other port of the secondary of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer is connected to one end of the capacitor C2.

[0044] (2) Connection of capacitor and diode:

[0045] The other end of capacitor C1 is connected to capacitor C3; the other end of capacitor C3 is connected to capacitor C5; and so on; capacitor C 2n-3 The other end of the capacitor C 2n-1 ;

[0046] The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to capacitor C4; the other end of capacitor C4 is connected to capacitor C6; and so on; capacitor C 2n-2 The other end of the capacitor C 2n ;

[0047] First level connection:

[0048] The positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the intersection of the capacitor C1 and the secondary of the transformer; the negative electrode of the diode D1 and the positive electrode of the diode D2 are connected to the intersection between the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C4;

[0049] Second level connection:

[0050] The cathode of diode D2 and the anode of diode D3 are connected to the intersection between capacitor C1 and capacitor C3;

[0051] Third level connection:

[0052] The cathode of diode D3 and the anode of diode D4 are connected to the intersection between capacitor C4 and capacitor C6;

[0053] And so on:

[0054] Diode D 2n-3 The cathode of diode D 2n-2 The positive terminal is connected to the capacitor C 2n-2 and capacitor C 2n The intersection between

[0055] Diode D 2n-2 The cathode of diode D 2n-1 The positive terminal is connected to the capacitor C 2n-3 and capacitor C 2n-1 The intersection between

[0056] Diode D 2n-1 The cathode of diode D 2n The positive terminal is connected to the capacitor C 2n One end of the diode D 2n The negative terminal is connected to the last capacitor C 2n-1 One end of the diode D 2n and capacitor C 2n-1 Both connected to V out , then through the load resistor R L Ground.

[0057] Through the above connection method, the combination of each diode and capacitor increases layer by layer, so that the AC input voltage is doubled at each cascade connection point, thus at the final output terminal V out Get a higher DC voltage.

[0058] The design of the voltage doubling rectifier circuit of this embodiment enables the input AC voltage to be effectively converted into a higher DC voltage after rectification and voltage doubling, and can be used in applications requiring a high-voltage DC power supply, such as the portable X-ray machine in the present invention.

[0059] In this embodiment, the pseudo dual-energy imaging module eliminates the imaging error caused by artifacts by taking multiple images continuously during the low-energy X-ray and high-energy X-ray working stages. The pseudo dual-energy imaging module also includes a delayed exposure unit to reduce the risk of overexposure of the equipment during the imaging process. The present invention accurately controls the rate of increase of the radiation dose and adopts delayed exposure technology to significantly reduce the risk of overexposure of the CCD camera during the imaging process and improve the imaging effect. The high-voltage generator can have an output voltage range of 30kV to 80kV and a tube current between 0.1mA and 1mA under a 24V power supply to meet different imaging requirements. The analog control chip realizes precise control of the output voltage and tube current of the high-voltage generator over a wide range to ensure stable operation of the equipment under different working conditions.

[0060] The control circuit in the portable X-ray machine uses an analog control chip to control the output voltage and tube current of the high-voltage generator to output a wide range of voltage and tube current, thereby realizing precise control of a wide range of voltage and current. The control circuit is connected to the filament circuit through a dose control unit and a filament drive circuit, the filament circuit is connected to a 24V power supply, the control circuit interacts with a host computer, and the control circuit is also connected to the full-bridge inverter circuit through a boost drive circuit, and is used to adjust the boost of the high-voltage generator of the full-bridge inverter circuit, the high-frequency high-voltage transformer, and the voltage-doubling rectifier circuit according to the voltage and current sampling data after the voltage-doubling rectifier circuit.

[0061] The present invention further accurately detects the degree of osteoporosis by continuously taking images and comparing and synthesizing them, reduces measurement errors, and ensures the accuracy of imaging results. The device design of the present invention reduces the medical costs and radiation costs of patients during osteoporosis detection, making the device very suitable for wide application.

[0062] In summary, the present invention provides an efficient, portable, safe and economical osteoporosis measurement X-ray machine through a number of technical innovations such as low-voltage power supply, dual-energy imaging, multi-image comparison, dose control and miniaturized design, which greatly improves the imaging quality and measurement accuracy and reduces the risk of overexposure and use cost.

[0063] The terms used in the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "the" and "the" used in the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0064] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present invention to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis, characterized in that: include: The power supply unit is used to provide a low-voltage power supply in a wide range of 18 to 26 V; The high-voltage generator is connected to the power supply unit and supplies power to the primary side of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer through a full-bridge inverter circuit; The voltage doubler rectifier circuit is located on the secondary side of the high-voltage generator and is used to rectify the secondary voltage of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer to provide a high-voltage electric field to the X-ray tube; An X-ray tube is connected to the voltage-doubling rectifier circuit and is used to receive the high-voltage electric field provided after rectification by the voltage-doubling rectifier circuit and emit X-rays; A filament circuit is connected to the X-ray tube and generates active electrons through control of a control circuit; A CCD camera is arranged on the X-ray measurement side of the X-ray tube and is used to receive image signals generated after the X-rays penetrate the object; A pseudo dual-energy imaging module is connected to the CCD camera and is used to use low-energy X-rays and high-energy X-rays for imaging respectively, and decompose the image into a low-energy image and a high-energy image, and use continuous multiple image acquisition and contrast synthesis to reduce artifacts; The dose control unit is connected to the control circuit of the filament circuit and is used to control the rising speed of the radiation dose in the X-ray tube and reduce the overexposure of the CCD camera.

2. A portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high voltage generator adopts a split design, with an input voltage of 24V, an output voltage of 30kV to 80kV, and a tube current of 0.2mA to 1mA.

3. A portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high voltage generator is sealed with glue for high voltage insulation.

4. A portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pseudo dual-energy imaging module in the portable X-ray machine includes a first energy level and a second energy level, and the first energy level and the second energy level correspond to low-energy X-rays and high-energy X-rays in pseudo dual-energy X-ray imaging.

5. A portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The portable X-ray machine includes a primary boost circuit and a secondary boost circuit. The primary boost circuit corresponds to the full-bridge inverter circuit and the high-frequency high-voltage transformer in the high-voltage generator, and the secondary boost circuit corresponds to the voltage doubler rectifier circuit. The capacitors and diodes in the voltage doubler rectifier circuit are arranged as a single-sided CW voltage doubler rectifier circuit.

6. A portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unilateral CW voltage doubler rectifier circuit comprises a plurality of cascaded capacitors and diodes, forming a voltage doubler circuit that increases layer by layer.

7. A portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pseudo dual-energy imaging module takes multiple images continuously during the low-energy X-ray and high-energy X-ray working stages.

8. A portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit in the portable X-ray machine adopts an analog control chip to control the output voltage and tube current of the high voltage generator to output a wide range of voltage and tube current.

9. A portable X-ray machine for measuring osteoporosis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pseudo dual-energy imaging module also includes a delayed exposure unit for reducing overexposure.

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