Biological water, fertilizer and bacterium chelating liquid for camellia oleifera as well as preparation method and application of biological water, fertilizer and bacterium chelating liquid

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological water-fertilizer-bacterium chelating solution for camellia oleifera as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of forestry. Brevibacillus laterosporus, bacillus megatherium, paenibacillus mucilaginosus and bacillus thuringiensis are used as bacillus fertilizers, fulvic acid, medium trace elements and the like are matched to prepare the water and fertilizer bacterium chelating liquid, and the problems of low yield, low efficiency and the like existing in current camellia oleifera planting development can be effectively solved; the biological fertilizer has the characteristics of promoting the growth of camellia oleifera roots, enhancing the absorption capacity of the roots, increasing the yield of camellia oleifera and enhancing the stress resistance such as disease resistance and drought resistance of camellia oleifera, is environment-friendly, remarkable in fertilizer efficiency, low in cost and capable of remarkably improving the yield and quality of camellia oleifera, and can provide a new way for large-scale and improved-variety development of camellia oleifera.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry, and in particular relates to a biological water-fertilizer bacteria chelated liquid for oil-tea, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Camellia oleifera is the main woody edible oil tree species in southern my country. For a long time, although the planting area of ​​camellia oleifera is large, there are many low-yield and low-efficiency forests, and the area of ​​high-yield camellia oleifera forests is very small. Therefore, improving the yield of camellia oleifera and the quality of camellia oil has received unprecedented strong support and attention from the national and local levels in terms of ensuring the national grain and oil supply and promoting rural revitalization.

[0003] The nutrients of tea oil trees are the key factor in tea oil yield, but the current excessive use of chemical fertilizers will lead to problems such as hardening of soil structure and decreased fertility, which seriously affects the health and yield of tea oil trees, and also has adverse effects on food safety and the environment. Elements such as N, P, and K in chemical fertilizers are essential nutrients for the growth and development of tea oil trees, and are also the material basis for the fertilizer efficiency of conventional fertilizers. Using these elements and their photosynthesis products, tea oil can synthesize primary metabolites necessary for its growth and development through primary metabolism, such as amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, polysaccharides, etc., but these substances can only guarantee the growth and development of tea oil trees, and cannot guarantee high and stable yields of tea oil trees. In addition, the pesticides currently used in forestry production are mainly chemical pesticides. Although they can kill harmful pathogens, they will also cause excessive pesticide residues, resulting in substandard tea oil quality.

[0004] Based on this, it is of great significance to develop a high-quality fertilizer that has good control effects on plant pathogens, is harmless to humans and animals, is cheap, and can effectively increase the yield per unit area of ​​tea oil and improve the quality of tea oil. It can increase the enthusiasm of the majority of tea oil growers and lay the foundation for the large-scale, improved, base-based and industrialized development of the tea oil industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the content of the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid for oil tea and its preparation method and application. The present invention adopts four kinds of Bacillus in combination with fulvic acid, medium and trace elements, etc. to prepare a biological fertilizer, which has the functions of promoting the growth of the root system of oil tea, enhancing the absorption capacity of the root system, increasing the yield of oil tea, enhancing the disease resistance, drought resistance and other stress resistance of oil tea, and can improve loose soil, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, enhance the photosynthesis and metabolism of oil tea, and reduce the heavy metal content of oil tea. The biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid of the present invention has fast biodegradation in the environment, low toxicity to humans, animals and non-target organisms, low raw material cost and simple production process, which meets the requirements of modern forestry environmental protection, health and sustainable development.

[0006] The invention provides a biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid for oil tea, comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 5%-7.5% of fulvic acid, 0.35%-0.6% of bacillus fertilizer, 0.1%-0.8% of medium and trace elements, 0.2%-0.5% of organic fertilizer, 1.0%-2.0% of compound fertilizer, 0.3%-0.4% of sodium selenite, and 0.05%-0.12% of chitosan oligosaccharide; Among them, the bacillus fertilizer includes Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinosa, and Bacillus thuringiensis.

[0007] Furthermore, the biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid includes the following components in percentage by mass: 6.4% fulvic acid, 0.5% bacillus fertilizer, 0.4% trace elements, 0.36% organic fertilizer, 1.4% compound fertilizer, 0.34% sodium selenite, and 0.08% chitosan oligosaccharide.

[0008] Furthermore, the bacillus fertilizer is composed of Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinus, and Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 10:(2-6):(7-12):(5-15).

[0009] Brevibacillus laterosporus has the characteristics of high activity, rapid reproduction, strong adaptability, and strong resistance to temperature differences. It can adapt well to different soils. It can increase crop yields by promoting plant root growth and enhancing root absorption capacity, inhibit the reproduction of pathogens inside and outside the plant, reduce diseases and pests, and thus reduce pesticide residues, improve loose soil, solve soil compaction, thereby activating the soil and improving fertilizer utilization, enhance plant metabolism, promote enhanced photosynthesis and strengthen leaf protective film to resist pathogens, solidify and reduce the content of heavy metals and nitrates in plants, comprehensively improve crop quality, and increase crop yields.

[0010] Bacillus megaterium produces a large amount of plant endogenous enzymes during metabolism, which can significantly improve the absorption rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in crops, promote the growth of crop roots, increase fibrous roots and promote leaf photosynthesis, regulate the flow of nutrients to fruits, and significantly increase fruit swelling and yield. Bacillus megaterium can also reduce the content of nitrates and heavy metals in plants, increase the content of vitamin C in fruits by more than 30%, and increase soluble sugar by 2~4 degrees; it accelerates the decomposition of organic matter, produces quick-acting nutrients for crops, provides power, can decompose toxic and harmful substances in continuous cropping, and prevent repeated cropping; by controlling rhizosphere nutrition and resources, the cell walls of plant root cells are thickened, fibrotic and lignified, and a double silicon layer of cutin is generated, forming a solid barrier to prevent pathogenic bacteria from invading; Bacillus megaterium can also enhance the soil buffering capacity, retain water and moisture, and enhance the crop's ability to resist drought, cold and waterlogging.

[0011] Paenibacillus jelly can fix nitrogen, dissolve phosphorus and potassium, and release soluble trace elements such as calcium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, and manganese, which not only improves soil fertility, but also provides absorbable nutrients for crops, and significantly improves the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers; it forms beneficial bacteria at the roots of crops, effectively inhibits the reproduction of harmful and pathogenic microorganisms in the soil, significantly reduces the occurrence of various soil-borne diseases, thereby reducing the use of some pesticides and reducing pesticide pollution; Paenibacillus jelly also produces gibberellins, indoleacetic acid, cytokinins and other physiologically active substances and protein amino acids in the metabolic process, which can increase the chlorophyll content of crops by 16%-18% year-on-year, significantly enhance crop photosynthesis, promote the development of crop roots and strong growth, enhance crop resistance to cold, drought, disease and stress, increase crop yield and improve product quality. After being applied to the soil, Paenibacillus jelly continuously provides appropriate amounts of various nutrients for crop decomposition, which can prevent and improve physiological nutrient deficiency diseases of crops.

[0012] As a biological pesticide that complements chemical pesticides, Bacillus thuringiensis plays an important role in the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, and also plays an important role in organic agriculture. Bacillus thuringiensis is a pesticide that is friendly to humans and the environment. The production process meets environmental protection requirements and leaves little residue in the field after spraying. At the same time, its production cost is low, and the raw materials are widely sourced, all of which are agricultural and by-products, and the price is relatively cheap. Bacillus thuringiensis has a wide insecticide spectrum and is toxic to more than 200 species of Lepidoptera pests. Continuous use will form pest epidemic areas, causing the widespread spread of pest disease seedlings, and achieving the purpose of naturally controlling insect population density.

[0013] Furthermore, the trace elements include calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, manganese and molybdenum.

[0014] Furthermore, the organic fertilizer is at least one of human excrement, peat, peat, bean dregs, and distiller's grains.

[0015] Furthermore, the compound fertilizer is at least one of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium nitrate.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the biological water-fertilizer-bacteria chelated liquid, comprising: injecting water into a chelating pool, then adding fulvic acid, medium and trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, sodium selenite therein, and finally pouring in Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, and chitosan oligosaccharide, adjusting the pH, and forming the water-fertilizer-bacteria chelated liquid.

[0017] The present invention also provides application of the biological water-fertilizer-bacteria chelated liquid in improving the yield and quality of tea oil.

[0018] Furthermore, 5-7.5 kg of water-fertilizer-bacteria chelated liquid was applied to each tree in the young oil-tea plantations, and 15-25 kg of water-fertilizer-bacteria chelated liquid was applied to each tree in the mature oil-tea plantations. Circular irrigation was carried out along the vertical line below the tree crown, and fertilizer was applied three times a year (once in March-April, May-June, and November-December).

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a biological water-fertilizer-bacteria chelate liquid specially used for oil-tea trees based on the low yield and low efficiency of oil-tea trees and the quality of tea oil, which has low raw material cost and simple production process. The water-fertilizer-bacteria chelate liquid of the present invention can significantly accelerate the growth rate of oil-tea trees, greatly increase the yield of oil-tea trees, and improve the quality of tea oil. It is a biological fertilizer that is environmentally friendly, has significant fertilizer efficiency, is low in cost, and can significantly increase the yield and quality of oil-tea trees, and can provide a new way for the large-scale and improved variety development of oil-tea trees. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0022] Example 1 1. Preparation 1. Bacteria culture equipment The separate compartment is closed, has a door, is clean, is 4 to 6 square meters, and can accommodate three 400-jin barrels; 3 400-jin plastic buckets, top removed, cleaned; Wooden boards and square wood strips are used to cover the roof to avoid light and allow air to enter; Two ultraviolet sterilization lamps, the switch is located outside the door, and people in the room cannot turn on the light; One oxygen pump for fish farming; Electronic scale, one set; pH test paper, one box; An electric stirrer is used for stirring in the first step of the culture, and a 1.6-meter-long stirring rod is used for stirring in the later stage; Several clean buckets.

[0023] 2. Raw materials Rapeseed oil, corn flour, potatoes, edible glucose, ammonium bicarbonate, trace elements, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, brown sugar, vitamin B (complex), vitamin C (flavorless) (II) Multiplication formula Water: 300 catties Rapeseed blight: 15.5 catties Corn flour: 3.5 catties Potatoes: 1 catties Edible glucose: 4 catties (taken twice) Ammonium bicarbonate: 4 catties (in two doses) Medium and trace elements (calcium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, etc., the same below): 0.5 catties Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1 catties 3. Cultivation and propagation of bacteria 1. Weighing materials: According to the expansion formula, use an electronic scale to weigh the required raw materials; 2. Sterilization: Steam the raw materials in a steamer for half an hour, soak rapeseed husk, corn flour and potatoes in appropriate amount of hot water, chop the raw materials with a spiral cutting mixer and beat them into a paste; then rinse the culture plastic barrel with boiling water to achieve the effect of high temperature sterilization; 3. Mixing: Add the muddy raw materials, glucose, ammonium bicarbonate, trace elements and potassium dihydrogen phosphate into a large plastic barrel for culture, and stir evenly while adding water (note that only half of the amount of glucose and ammonium bicarbonate should be added, and the other half should be added the next day); 4. Adjust pH: When the water volume reaches about 300 catties, stop adding water and measure the pH value of the culture solution at the same time. Use quicklime (CaO, alkaline) to adjust the pH value of the solution to between 7 and 8; 5. Add bacteria: After cooling to room temperature, add 1 catties of one bacillus, and stir evenly with a stirring rod (do not use an electric mixer after adding bacteria); 6. Oxygenation: Put the outlet of the oxygen pump into the plastic bucket for bacterial culture, one high and one low, and continue to increase oxygen evenly for 5 to 7 days; 7. Growth factors: Add 6 capsules of vitamin B and 6 capsules of vitamin C to each barrel daily; 8. Continuous monitoring, observe metabolites daily, measure pH at least twice a day, morning and evening, and stir with a stirring rod before measurement; 9. After 4-5 days, a film gradually formed on the surface of the solution, and after 5-7 days, the propagation was successful (propagation is related to temperature, and the higher the temperature, the faster the propagation). Four types of Bacillus were obtained (Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinus, and Bacillus thuringiensis).

[0024] 4. Bacterial culture monitoring 1. Continuously monitor, observe and record metabolites daily; 2. Measure and record the pH value every morning and evening. Use a stirring rod to stir evenly before measuring. 3. Adjust the pH to around 7-7.5. If the pH is less than 7, it is acidic, indicating that the bacteria are metabolizing normally. At this time, you need to add ammonium bicarbonate or quicklime to raise the pH to around 7.5. If the pH is greater than 7, it is alkaline, indicating that the bacteria are not metabolizing normally. At this time, you need to add acetic acid or citric acid to lower the pH to around 7.5.

[0025] Example 2 Preparation and proportion of biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid: Weigh 1000 parts of water, 64 parts of fulvic acid, 5 parts of bacillus fertilizer (composed of Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinus, and Bacillus thuringiensis obtained in Example 1 in a mass ratio of 10:5:9:11), 4 parts of medium and trace elements, 3.6 parts of organic fertilizer (1 part of peat, 1 part of bean dregs, 1.6 parts of wine lees), 14 parts of compound fertilizer (7 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate), 3.4 parts of sodium selenite, and 0.8 part of chitosan in parts by weight.

[0026] Pour water into the chelating pool, then add humic acid, trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, sodium selenite, and finally pour in Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinosa, Bacillus thuringiensis, and chitosan, adjust the pH to 6, and form a water-fertilizer-bacteria chelating solution.

[0027] Example 3 Preparation and proportion of biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid: Weigh 1000 parts of water, 50 parts of fulvic acid, 6 parts of bacillus fertilizer (composed of Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinus, and Bacillus thuringiensis obtained in Example 1 in a mass ratio of 10:6:7:9), 1 part of medium and trace elements, 2 parts of organic fertilizer (0.5 parts of peat, 1 part of bean dregs, 0.5 parts of wine lees), 20 parts of compound fertilizer (5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of potassium nitrate), 3 parts of sodium selenite, and 1.2 parts of chitosan.

[0028] Pour water into the chelating pool, then add humic acid, trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, sodium selenite, and finally pour in Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinosa, Bacillus thuringiensis, and chitosan, adjust the pH to 6, and form a water-fertilizer-bacteria chelating solution.

[0029] Example 4 Preparation and proportion of biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid: Weigh 1000 parts of water, 75 parts of fulvic acid, 3.5 parts of bacillus fertilizer (composed of Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinus, and Bacillus thuringiensis obtained in Example 1 in a mass ratio of 10:2:12:9), 8 parts of medium and trace elements, 5 parts of organic fertilizer (1 part of human feces and urine, 1 part of peat, 1 part of peat, 1 part of bean dregs, and 1 part of distiller's grains), 10 parts of compound fertilizer (5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate), 4 parts of sodium selenite, and 0.5 part of chitosan in parts by weight.

[0030] Pour water into the chelating pool, then add humic acid, trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, sodium selenite, and finally pour in Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinosa, Bacillus thuringiensis, and chitosan, adjust the pH to 6, and form a water-fertilizer-bacteria chelating solution.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 Refer to the step parameters of Example 2, except that Lactobacillus plantarum and Streptomyces tenuiflavus are used instead of Bacillus megaterium; that is, the bacillus fertilizer is composed of Brevibacillus laterosporus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptomyces tenuiflavus, Paenibacillus gelatinosa, and Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 10:2.5:2.5:9:11.

[0032] Comparative Example 2 Refer to the step parameters of Example 2, except that Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are used instead of Brevibacillus laterosporus and Paenibacillus gelatinosa, respectively; that is, the Bacillus fertilizer consists of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 10:5:9:11.

[0033] Comparative Example 3 Refer to the step parameters of Example 2, except that Bacillus megaterium and chitohexaose are not used; that is, the bacillus fertilizer is composed of Brevibacillus laterosporus, Paenibacillus gelatinosa, and Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 12.5:11.5:11.

[0034] Test example The water-fertilizer-bacteria chelate liquid obtained in the above examples 2-4 and comparative examples 1-3 were respectively used to irrigate the tea trees in a circular manner through the water-fertilizer integrated pipeline. The time, amount and method of fertilization of the water-fertilizer-bacteria chelate liquid: Fertilize once a year on April 1, June 1, and December 1 (for 1 year); In young forests, 6 kg of solution is applied to each plant; Apply 20 kg of solution per plant in mature forests; Irrigate in a circular pattern along the vertical line down the tree crown.

[0035] Table 1 Comparison of growth of young trees of improved oil-tea varieties (Xianglin XLC-15, 24 plants per group)

[0036] Table 2 Comparison of growth and yield of low-efficiency oil-tea tree forest transformation (Ganwu No. 12, 30 plants per group)

[0037] The tea seeds of the tea fruits obtained after fertilization for one year in each group of test examples in Table 2 were pressed for oil, and the content of components was detected (GB5009.168-2016 third method, GB 5009.82-2016 second method, LS / T 6120-2017).

[0038] Table 3 Comparison of tea oil quality from low-efficiency forest transformation

[0039] As shown in Tables 1-3, the biological water-fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid of the present invention can significantly increase the growth rate of young and mature tea oil tree forests, and the growth rate of the water-fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid compared with the blank control group or other bacillus fertilizer combinations is greatly improved, especially the yield growth rate is close to 400%; at the same time, the prepared tea oil has a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, a good ratio of linolenic acid to linoleic acid, and significantly increased contents of active ingredients such as vitamin E and squalene. The biological water-fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid of the present invention not only greatly increases the yield of tea oil, but also can effectively improve the quality of tea oil, and has good market competitiveness.

[0040] The embodiments described above only express several preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, the present invention may also have various changes and modifications, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the concept and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid for oil-tea, characterized in that: The composition includes the following mass percentages: fulvic acid 5%-7.5%, bacillus fertilizer 0.35%-0.6%, trace elements 0.1%-0.8%, organic fertilizer 0.2%-0.5%, compound fertilizer 1.0%-2.0%, sodium selenite 0.3%-0.4%, chitosan oligosaccharide 0.05%-0.12%; Among them, the bacillus fertilizer includes Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinosa, and Bacillus thuringiensis.

2. The biological water fertilizer bacteria chelated liquid for oil-tea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid comprises the following components by mass percentage: 6.4% fulvic acid, 0.5% bacillus fertilizer, 0.4% trace elements, 0.36% organic fertilizer, 1.4% compound fertilizer, 0.34% sodium selenite and 0.08% chitosan oligosaccharide.

3. The biological water fertilizer bacteria chelated liquid for oil-tea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacillus fertilizer is composed of Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinus and Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 10:(2-6):(7-12):(5-15).

4. The biological water fertilizer bacteria chelated liquid for oil-tea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace elements include calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, manganese and molybdenum.

5. The biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid for oil-tea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is at least one of human excrement, peat, turf, bean dregs, and distiller's grains.

6. The biological water fertilizer bacteria chelated liquid for oil-tea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound fertilizer is at least one of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate.

7. The method for preparing the biological water fertilizer bacteria chelate liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: Pour water into the chelating pool, then add humic acid, trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, sodium selenite, and finally pour in Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus gelatinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, and chitosan oligosaccharide, adjust the pH, and form a water-fertilizer-bacteria chelating solution.

8. Use of the biological water-fertilizer bacteria chelated liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in improving the yield and quality of tea oil.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: Apply 5-7.5 kg of water-fertilizer-bacteria-chelated liquid to each tree in young oil-tea forests, and 15-25 kg of water-fertilizer-bacteria-chelated liquid to each tree in mature oil-tea forests. Carry out circular irrigation along the vertical line below the tree crown, and apply fertilizer three times a year.

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