Gas collecting device for electrolytic aluminum electrolytic bath
By designing the gas collector of the electrolytic aluminum electrolytic cell, using multiple vertically arranged suction pipes and negative pressure devices, the problems of difficulty in installing the traditional exhaust hood and poor suction effect are solved, and more efficient waste gas absorption and energy consumption are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411824500.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-18
AI Technical Summary
The traditional exhaust hood is difficult to install in the electrolytic aluminum workshop, the intake effect is poor, and the power of the negative pressure machine is energy-consuming and poor.
An electrolytic aluminum electrolytic cell gas collecting device is designed, using multiple vertically arranged suction pipes, combining a negative pressure device and a water spray pipe, absorbing exhaust gas through the suction pipe, and a water spray pipe is installed at the lower end of the suction pipe for cleaning.
The device can absorb waste generated by the electrolytic cell more efficiently, reduce waste gas drift and large-particle impurities settlement, reduce energy consumption, and maintain the ideal air flow of the suction pipe.
Smart Images
Figure CN119640340A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of exhaust devices, and in particular to a gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell. Background Art
[0002] Electrolytic aluminum is aluminum obtained by electrolysis. Modern electrolytic aluminum industry production adopts cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis. Molten cryolite is the solvent, alumina is the solute, carbonite is the anode, and aluminum liquid is the cathode. After a strong direct current is passed through, an electrochemical reaction is carried out at the two electrodes in the electrolytic cell at 950℃-970℃, that is, electrolysis.
[0003] During the aluminum electrolysis process, a series of physical and chemical reactions occur, which produce a large amount of flue gas, which contains not only CO, CO2 and O2, but also SO, SO2, HF, solid fluorine and gaseous fluorine, which are harmful to humans and the environment. If they are directly discharged into the natural environment, the pollution to the atmosphere is very serious and will seriously affect human health after being inhaled.
[0004] Therefore, it is usually necessary to set up a gas collection and exhaust device in the aluminum electrolysis workshop to discharge various waste gases and smoke generated in the aluminum electrolysis process. However, since the electrolytic cell is usually large in size and complex in structure, and is designed for frequent feeding and discharging operations, the traditional exhaust hood is not easy to install. In order not to affect other operations, the exhaust hood can only be installed at a certain distance above the electrolytic cell. However, due to the high height of the exhaust hood, the air suction effect is not good. Increasing the power of the negative pressure machine is also very energy-consuming and the effect is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to design a more efficient aluminum electrolysis gas collection and exhaust equipment. Summary of the invention
[0005] + Further, the plurality of air intake pipes are divided into two columns, and the air intake pipes in each column are distributed along a straight line.
[0006] Furthermore, a nozzle is provided at one end of the water spray pipe disposed in the air intake pipe.
[0007] Furthermore, the water supply device includes a water pump and an air compressor; the outlet end of the water pump and the outlet end of the air compressor are both connected to the water spray pipe.
[0008] Furthermore, the supporting device includes a bracket connected to the side wall of the upper end of the suction pipe, and a pull rod vertically arranged on the bracket.
[0009] Furthermore, the pull rod is provided in plurality.
[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a blocking device, which includes a horizontally arranged support plate, a plurality of through holes opened on the support plate, a sleeve arranged at the lower end of the through hole, and a driving device for driving the support plate to rise and fall; one of the suction pipes is slidably arranged in one of the sleeves.
[0011] Furthermore, a gap is provided between the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the air intake pipe.
[0012] Furthermore, the driving device includes a winding roller arranged above the bracket, a motor for driving the winding roller to rotate, and a pull rope wound around the winding roller; one end of the pull rope away from the winding roller is fixedly connected to the middle of the support plate; and the motor is fixedly arranged on the bracket.
[0013] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: the gas collecting device for the electrolytic aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention is installed as a whole above the electrolytic cell when in use, and the waste generated during the operation of the electrolytic cell is absorbed by the negative pressure device and the suction pipe. The reason why the suction pipe is used to absorb the waste gas instead of the traditional exhaust hood is that the use of the suction pipe can occupy less space, and sufficient suction pipes also have sufficient suction effect, and the volume of the suction pipe is smaller, so the lower end of the suction pipe (i.e., the suction hole) can be installed lower, closer to the electrolytic cell and the place where the workers operate. Since the volume of the suction pipe itself is small and each suction pipe can be adjusted in height individually, the use of the suction pipe can better absorb the waste generated by the electrolytic cell to prevent it from floating in the workshop. For some large particles of impurities, due to the low height of the suction pipe, it can also be absorbed in time to prevent it from settling in the electrolytic workshop.
[0014] In addition, a gas detection device is provided on each air intake pipe, which can be used to detect the main components of the gas in the air intake pipe and make a brief analysis thereof. When it is detected that the gas pollution level in the air intake pipe is reduced, the opening and closing degree of the air intake pipe can be reduced through the flow valve, thereby reducing the gas flow in the air intake pipe. At the same time, the air intake power of the negative pressure device can be reduced accordingly, and energy consumption can be reduced, and vice versa. In this way, the negative pressure device can be used more reasonably to absorb the exhaust gas.
[0015] By setting a water spray pipe at the lower end of the suction pipe, the cleaning liquid is sprayed into the suction pipe through the water spray pipe. Under the premise of the operation of the negative pressure device, the suction pipe and the corresponding pipelines can be cleaned by the cleaning liquid, and the cleaning liquid can be sucked away by the negative pressure device and will not drip into the production workshop. This can effectively avoid the blockage of the suction pipe and ensure that the suction pipe always maintains an ideal air flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1A schematic structural diagram of a state of a gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gas collecting device for an aluminum electrolytic cell in two states provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an air suction device and a supporting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the air intake device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a supporting device portion provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a portion of a blocking device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Icons: 10-suction device, 11-suction pipe, 12-suction hole, 13-gas detection device, 14-flow valve, 21-water spray pipe, 30-support device, 31-bracket, 32-pull rod, 40-sealing device, 41-support plate, 42-through hole, 43-sleeve, 44-driving device, 441-winding roller, 442-motor, 443-pull rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] Example
[0024] The following is further described in conjunction with specific embodiments. Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6As shown, the gas collecting device of the electrolytic aluminum reduction cell of this embodiment includes an air suction device 10, a cleaning device, and a supporting device 30 for supporting the air suction device 10; the air suction device 10 includes a plurality of vertically arranged air suction pipes 11, an air suction hole 12 opened on the side wall of the lower end of the air suction pipe 11, a negative pressure device connected to the upper end of the air suction pipe 11, a flow valve 14 arranged at the upper end of the air suction pipe 11, and a gas detection device 13 arranged inside the upper end of the air suction pipe 11; the cleaning device includes a water spray pipe 21 connected to the lower end of the air suction pipe 11, and a water supply device connected to the water spray pipe 21. Specifically, when in use, the device is installed as a whole above the electrolytic cell, and the waste generated during the operation of the electrolytic cell is absorbed through the negative pressure device and the air suction pipe 11. The reason for using the suction pipe 11 to absorb the exhaust gas instead of the traditional exhaust hood is that the use of the suction pipe 11 can occupy less space, and sufficient suction pipes 11 can also have sufficient suction effect, and the volume of the suction pipe 11 is smaller, so the lower end of the suction pipe 11 (i.e., the suction hole 12) can be installed lower, closer to the electrolytic cell and the place where workers operate. Since the volume of the suction pipe 11 itself is small and the height of each suction pipe 11 can be adjusted individually, the use of the suction pipe 11 can better absorb the waste generated by the electrolytic cell to prevent it from floating in the workshop. For some large particles of impurities, since the height of the suction pipe 11 is relatively low, it can also be absorbed in time to prevent it from settling in the electrolytic workshop. In addition, a gas detection device 13 is provided on each air intake pipe 11, which can be used to detect the main components of the gas in the air intake pipe 11 and briefly analyze it. When it is detected that the gas pollution level in the air intake pipe 11 is reduced, the opening and closing degree of the air intake pipe 11 can be reduced by the flow valve 14, and the gas flow in the air intake pipe 11 can be reduced. At the same time, the suction power of the negative pressure device can be reduced accordingly, and energy consumption can be reduced, and vice versa. In this way, the negative pressure device can be used more reasonably to absorb the waste gas. The negative pressure device mainly refers to exhaust equipment such as a negative pressure machine and a Roots blower. The number of negative pressure devices can be reasonably set according to the number of electrolytic cells in the workshop, that is, multiple electrolytic cells can share one negative pressure device. By arranging a water spray pipe 21 at the lower end of the air intake pipe 11, a cleaning liquid is sprayed into the air intake pipe 11 through the water spray pipe 21. Under the premise of the operation of the negative pressure device, the air intake pipe 11 and the corresponding pipeline can be cleaned by the cleaning liquid, and the cleaning liquid can be sucked away by the negative pressure device and will not drip into the production workshop. This can effectively avoid blockage of the air intake pipe 11 and ensure that the air intake pipe 11 always maintains an ideal air flow rate.
[0025] The multiple air intake pipes 11 in this embodiment are divided into two rows, and the air intake pipes 11 in each row are distributed along a straight line. Specifically, since most electrolytic cells are long arch structures, the air intake pipes 11 are divided into two rows, and each row can be arranged at the positions on both sides of the electrolytic cell. In this way, the waste generated by the electrolytic cell can be better absorbed.
[0026] The water spray pipe 21 in this embodiment is provided with a nozzle at one end thereof which is arranged in the air intake pipe 11. Specifically, the nozzle can be used to spray the cleaning liquid into the air intake pipe 11 in a mist form, so that the cleaning liquid can more fully contact the inner wall of the air intake pipe 11 and can be better sucked away by the negative pressure device to avoid the cleaning liquid from gathering into water droplets and then dripping.
[0027] The water supply device in this embodiment includes a water pump and an air compressor; the outlet end of the water pump and the outlet end of the air compressor are both connected to the water spray pipe 21. Specifically, water is supplied to the water spray pipe 21 by the water pump, and air is supplied to the water spray pipe 21 by the air compressor, so that the water-air mixture is sprayed out from the nozzle at the same time, which can balance the air pressure in the air intake pipe 11.
[0028] The supporting device 30 in this embodiment includes a bracket 31 connected to the upper side wall of the suction pipe 11, and a pull rod 32 vertically arranged on the bracket 31. There are multiple pull rods 32. Specifically, the pull rod 32 is fixedly arranged and can be fixed on the ceiling of the workshop or on the wall through relevant connecting rods.
[0029] In this embodiment, a blocking device 40 is also included. The blocking device 40 includes a horizontally arranged support plate 41, a plurality of through holes 42 opened on the support plate 41, a sleeve 43 arranged at the lower end of the through hole 42, and a driving device 44 for driving the support plate 41 to rise and fall; one suction pipe 11 is slidably arranged in one sleeve 43. Specifically, when cleaning the suction pipe 11, the driving device 44 can be used to move the support plate 41 downward so that the sleeve 43 is sleeved at the suction hole 12 (such as the attached Figure 2 As shown in the figure), this can prevent a large amount of gas from entering from the suction hole 12, and can better suck away the water in the suction pipe 11 and the air of the air compressor. After the cleaning is completed, the support plate 41 is pulled back to a high position using the driving device 44 to expose the suction hole 12 (as shown in the figure). Figure 1 shown).
[0030] In this embodiment, a gap is provided between the inner wall of the sleeve 43 and the outer wall of the air intake pipe 11. Specifically, a gap is provided between the sleeve 43 and the air intake pipe 11 so that a portion of the gas can enter the air intake pipe 11 through the gap, which can also well balance the air pressure and avoid excessive suction of the negative pressure device or excessive air output of the air compressor.
[0031] The driving device 44 in this embodiment includes a winding roller 441 disposed above the bracket 31, a motor 442 for driving the winding roller 441 to rotate, and a pull rope 443 wound on the winding roller 441; one end of the pull rope 443 away from the winding roller 441 is fixedly connected to the middle of the support plate 41; the motor 442 is fixedly disposed on the bracket 31. Specifically, the motor 442 drives the winding roller 441 to rotate, so as to realize the winding and wire protection of the pull rope 443, and then realize the lifting and lowering of the support plate 41.
[0032] In summary, the electrolytic aluminum electrolytic cell gas collecting device of this embodiment is installed as a whole above the electrolytic cell when in use, and the waste generated during the operation of the electrolytic cell is absorbed by the negative pressure device and the suction pipe 11. The use of the suction pipe 11 to absorb the waste gas instead of the traditional exhaust hood is because the use of the suction pipe 11 can occupy less space, and sufficient suction pipes 11 also have sufficient suction effect, and the volume of the suction pipe 11 is smaller, so the lower end of the suction pipe 11 (i.e., the suction hole 12) can be installed lower, closer to the electrolytic cell and the place where the workers operate. Since the volume of the suction pipe 11 itself is small, and each suction pipe 11 can adjust the height individually, the use of the suction pipe 11 can better absorb the waste generated by the electrolytic cell to prevent it from floating in the workshop. For some large particles of impurities, due to the low height of the suction pipe 11, it can also be absorbed in time to prevent it from settling in the electrolytic workshop. In addition, a gas detection device 13 is provided on each air intake pipe 11, which can be used to detect the main components of the gas in the air intake pipe 11 and conduct a brief analysis thereof. When it is detected that the gas pollution level in the air intake pipe 11 is reduced, the opening and closing degree of the air intake pipe 11 can be reduced by the flow valve 14, thereby reducing the gas flow in the air intake pipe 11. At the same time, the air intake power of the negative pressure device can be reduced accordingly, thereby reducing energy consumption, and vice versa. In this way, the negative pressure device can be used to absorb the exhaust gas more reasonably. By providing a water spray pipe 21 at the lower end of the air intake pipe 11, a cleaning liquid is sprayed into the air intake pipe 11 through the water spray pipe 21. Under the premise that the negative pressure device is running, the air intake pipe 11 and the corresponding pipelines can be cleaned by the cleaning liquid, and the cleaning liquid can be sucked away by the negative pressure device and will not drip into the production workshop. In this way, blockage of the air intake pipe 11 can be effectively avoided, so that the air intake pipe 11 always maintains an ideal air flow rate.
[0033] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell, characterized in that: It comprises an air suction device (10), a cleaning device, and a supporting device (30) for supporting the air suction device (10); The air intake device (10) comprises a plurality of vertically arranged air intake pipes (11), an air intake hole (12) provided on the side wall of the lower end of the air intake pipe (11), a negative pressure device connected to the upper end of the air intake pipe (11), a flow valve (14) provided at the upper end of the air intake pipe (11), and a gas detection device (13) provided inside the upper end of the air intake pipe (11); The cleaning device comprises a water spray pipe (21) connected to the lower end of the air suction pipe (11), and a water supply device connected to the water spray pipe (21).
2. The gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of air intake pipes (11) are divided into two rows, and the air intake pipes (11) in each row are distributed along a straight line.
3. The gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water spray pipe (21) is provided with a nozzle at one end portion of the water spray pipe (21) disposed inside the air intake pipe (11).
4. The gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply device comprises a water pump and an air compressor; the outlet end of the water pump and the outlet end of the air compressor are both connected to the water spray pipe (21).
5. The gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting device (30) comprises a bracket (31) connected to the upper end side wall of the suction pipe (11), and a pull rod (32) vertically arranged on the bracket (31).
6. The gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pull rod (32) is provided in plurality.
7. The gas collecting device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device also comprises a blocking device (40), the blocking device (40) comprising a horizontally arranged support plate (41), a plurality of through holes (42) provided on the support plate (41), a sleeve (43) provided at the lower end of the through hole (42), and a driving device (44) for driving the support plate (41) to move up and down; One of the suction pipes (11) is slidably disposed in one of the sleeves (43).
8. The gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the inner wall of the sleeve (43) and the outer wall of the air intake pipe (11).
9. The gas collecting device for an electrolytic aluminum reduction cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving device (44) comprises a winding roller (441) arranged above the bracket (31), a motor (442) for driving the winding roller (441) to rotate, and a pull rope (443) wound around the winding roller (441); one end of the pull rope (443) away from the winding roller (441) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the support plate (41); and the motor (442) is fixedly arranged on the bracket (31).