Double-line ship lock mutual charging and mutual discharging self-balancing water delivery system

Abstract

A double-line ship lock mutual-charging and mutual-discharging self-balancing water conveying system comprises a first lock chamber, a second lock chamber, a first flow guide opening, a second flow guide opening, a mutual-charging and mutual-discharging water conveying system and a main water conveying system, wherein the first flow guide opening and the second flow guide opening are formed in the middle of the first lock chamber and the middle of the second lock chamber respectively; the mutual-filling and mutual-discharging water conveying system comprises a first inlet and outlet, a second inlet and outlet and a mutual-filling and mutual-discharging gallery, wherein the first inlet and outlet and the second inlet and outlet are located at the bottoms of the first flow guide opening and the second flow guide opening correspondingly. The first flow guide opening and the second flow guide opening are located in the center of the water area plane of the first lock chamber and the center of the water area plane of the second lock chamber, the symmetry center of the water conveying system in the upper half lock chamber and the water conveying system in the lower half lock chamber and the confluence and diversion center of water flow of the main water conveying system and the mutual-filling and mutual-discharging water conveying system. Mutual filling and mutual discharging self-balancing water delivery can be achieved, the ship lockage safety is improved, the number of mutual filling and mutual discharging galleries and valves is correspondingly reduced, the ship lock operation accident probability is reduced, operation management is simplified, and the ship lock operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of inland waterway navigation engineering, in particular to a double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water delivery system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of social economy, the shipping volume of navigable rivers in my country has increased significantly. Many existing navigation buildings can no longer meet the demand for navigation volume, and the pressure on ships is serious. New navigation buildings are needed. Among them, ship locks have become the first choice because of their safety and efficiency. At present, existing hubs have added or are preparing to add double-line ship locks. Adding ship locks to existing navigation facilities faces problems such as deterioration of navigation flow conditions in the built upstream and downstream pilot channels and difficulty in reconstruction and construction. The mutual charging and discharging ship locks have gained attention because they can reduce the water exchange between the lock chamber and the upstream and downstream pilot channels, and reduce the difficulty of reconstruction of the built upstream and downstream pilot channels. In addition, the water-saving performance of the mutual charging and discharging ship locks has also made them popular.

[0003] However, the existing mutual charging and discharging ship lock water supply systems at home and abroad require complex water supply system layout and high mutual charging and discharging valve operation coordination to obtain balanced water supply. The operation and management are complicated, and the probability of accidents in ship lock operation is increased, which limits its application. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mutual charging and discharging water supply system with relatively simple layout, simple water supply operation, good water supply balance and stability.

[0004] The water delivery system of the ship lock is a key facility to ensure the safe passage of ships through the lock. The quality of its layout directly affects the safety and navigation efficiency of navigable ships. In order to adapt to the requirements of different water heads, lock chamber sizes, water delivery time and other factors, modern ship locks have derived many water delivery system layout types, among which the medium inertia water delivery system is widely used for its stable water delivery and high water delivery efficiency (the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers recommends that it be used in ship locks with a head of more than 12m). According to the height of the ship lock head and the size of the lock chamber, the iso-inertial water conveyance system has evolved into a variety of layout types, including 2-section 2-branch corridor outlet, 2-section 4-branch corridor outlet, 4-section 8-branch corridor outlet, 4-section 16-branch corridor outlet, and 8-section 16-branch corridor outlet. Among them, the 2-section 2-branch corridor outlet, 2-section 4-branch corridor outlet, and 4-section 8-branch corridor outlet water conveyance system layout types have been widely used, and the 2-section 4-branch corridor outlet internal and external secondary energy dissipation water conveyance system and 8-section 16-branch corridor outlet and other layout types have been proven through research to solve the problem of ship berthing safety in high-energy water conveyance lock chambers of ultra-high head ship locks with a head of more than 40m. These iso-inertial water conveyance systems are all water conveyance systems arranged symmetrically around the center of the lock chamber water plane. Figure 6 to Figure 10 It is a classic example of inertial water transfer system in my country's built ship lock application. From the case, we can see that the diversion outlet arranged in the center of the lock chamber water plane is Fig.11 The horizontal diversion port shown in (a) is Fig.11The vertical diversion outlet shown in (b) is isolated by the partition wall of the diversion outlet, so that the diversion and confluence water flows passing through the diversion outlet cannot pass through the center point of the water area plane of the lock chamber.

[0005] In order to obtain good ship berthing conditions in the lock chamber, the ship lock water delivery system must deliver water evenly and dispersedly. From the above diagram of the isoinertial water delivery system, it can be seen that in order to obtain good ship berthing conditions in the lock chamber, the isoinertial water delivery system first needs to have a diversion port located in the center of the lock chamber water plane to evenly distribute water to the upper / lower half lock chamber water delivery system. Therefore, excellent diversion port flow distribution characteristics are crucial to reducing the water surface slope of the lock chamber during water delivery and reducing the ship mooring force. Through research by scientific research and design personnel, horizontal diversion ports with better diversion effects and vertical diversion ports (see Fig.11 ) has become a classic and is widely used in ship locks at home and abroad, but the above classic diversion outlets are unable to achieve uniform diversion throughout the entire water transfer process.

[0006] In the 1990s, Wu Yingzhuo of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute conducted a study on the influence of the non-constancy of ship lock water delivery on the diversion characteristics of the classic diversion port based on the layout plan of the single-sided main corridor of the Three Gorges ship lock. The research results are shown in Fig.12 .

[0007] The study shows that in the non-constant water delivery process of the ship lock, under the condition of single-sided main corridor layout, neither the horizontal diversion port nor the vertical diversion port can achieve uniform diversion at all flow levels. As can be seen from the figure, the diversion ratio (Q 上 / Q 下 %), the maximum difference is nearly 20%, and the maximum difference between the diversion ratios of each flow level is close to 10%. That is to say, even if the diversion is absolutely uniform at a certain flow level by adjusting the radius of the inlet side wall arc, the position of the middle partition pier, the size of the separated orifice, etc., the horizontal diversion port still cannot guarantee the uniform diversion at other flow levels, and the difference is large. The difference in the diversion ratio of the vertical diversion port is relatively small, all around 4% to 5%. Fig.11 It can be seen that when the double-sided main corridor layout is adopted, the unevenness of the horizontal diversion is superimposed on the flow entering the upper / lower half chamber, and the difference in flow entering the upper / lower half chamber through the horizontal diversion port will increase; while the unevenness of the vertical diversion port offsets each other. Under the premise of meeting the requirements of double-sided main corridor layout and synchronous opening of double valves, uniform diversion can be obtained in the entire water delivery process. Therefore, horizontal diversion ports are used in ship locks with lower head, and vertical diversion ports are recommended for high-head ship locks because they are easier to achieve uniform and stable diversion.

[0008] In addition, because the classic diversion outlet has a partition or wall that separates the water flow, the water flow cannot pass through the center point of the water plane of the lock chamber and the symmetric center point of the water conveyance system in the lock chamber. Therefore, when a double-line ship lock with an equal-inertia water conveyance system using this type of diversion outlet needs to be arranged with a mutual charging and draining water conveyance system, the mutual charging and draining inlet / outlet cannot be arranged at the center point of the water plane of the lock chamber and the symmetric center of the water conveyance system in the lock chamber. Therefore, the inlet / outlet of the existing mutual charging and draining water conveyance system is arranged at a non-center point of the water plane in the lock chamber / non-symmetric center point of the water conveyance system in the lock chamber.

[0009] Fig.13 , Fig.14 It is the basic layout type of the mutual charging and discharging ship lock water conveyance system that has been built at home and abroad. The other types are slightly changed versions of the two types in terms of the specific location of the mutual charging and discharging inlet / outlet and the direction of the corridor to adapt to the specific conditions of each project site. The common point is that the mutual charging and discharging inlet / outlet is either located on the main water conveyance corridor or on the middle branch corridor, that is, they are all arranged at the asymmetric point between the lock chamber water area and the water conveyance system in the lock chamber.

[0010] Fig.13 Middle (b), Fig.14 (a) shows two research plans for the layout of a double-line inter-charging and inter-discharging ship lock water transfer system for a large-scale water conservancy hub that is currently under research.

[0011] For the water supply system with inlet / outlet arranged on the main corridor, Fig.13 ), the mutual charging and discharging water flow needs to be distributed to the upper / lower half lock chamber through the diversion port located at the center of the water plane of the lock chamber. According to the diversion characteristics of the diversion port mentioned above, if a horizontal diversion port is used, no matter how the mutual charging and discharging water supply system is arranged, it is impossible to achieve uniform diversion during the entire water supply process. When the ship lock is delivering water, a certain water surface slope will be formed in the lock chamber, which increases the difficulty of ensuring the safety of ships passing through the lock; if the water supply system adopts a vertical diversion port arranged with two-sided main corridors, in order to obtain uniform diversion during the entire water supply process, it is necessary to arrange a total of 4 mutual charging and discharging corridors symmetrically in pairs (for ship locks with a head of more than 20m and water supply using reverse arc valves) or symmetrically arrange 2 mutual charging and discharging corridors (for ship locks with a head of less than 20m and water supply using bidirectional flat valves), and it is necessary to ensure the synchronous operation of the mutual charging and discharging valves in the double corridors, and there must be no failure of the valve on one side to be stuck and shut down, otherwise the flow entering the upper / lower half lock chamber will be different, which will have a negative impact on the berthing conditions in the lock chamber. However, it is basically impossible to achieve full synchronization of the opening of the two valves in the prototype and ensure that the probability of zero valve failure is zero. Fig.13 The mutual charging and discharging water transfer system shown in the figure cannot balance the inflow / outflow in the whole water transfer process. Moreover, such a mutual charging and discharging system requires a large number of water transfer corridors with complex layout in order to balance the water transfer as much as possible, and the valve operation coordination degree is high, which makes the operation and management of the ship lock difficult.

[0012] Another type of water supply system with inlet / outlet arranged on the middle branch corridor ( Fig.14 ) is to solve the problem of limited space available for additional ship locks and the lack of width of the middle pier between the double-line ship locks. Fig.13 It is used in water transfer systems that are filled and discharged mutually. In order to achieve balanced water transfer, the inlet / outlet must be symmetrically arranged on the middle branch corridor of the water transfer system in the upper / lower half chambers, and the synchronous operation conditions of the symmetrically arranged double-corridor valves must be guaranteed. During the opening of the double valves, accidents that cause single-valve water transfer due to valve jamming and shutdown are not allowed to occur, otherwise the inlet / outlet flow biased towards half of the lock chamber will inevitably worsen the parking conditions in the lock chamber. However, it is basically impossible for the prototype double-corridor valve to achieve complete synchronization throughout the opening process and ensure that the probability of zero valve failure is zero, so Fig.14 The layout of the mutual charging and discharging water supply system needs to match a very good water supply system in the gate chamber and a valve opening and closing system with excellent operating characteristics. The symmetrical layout requires a large number of water supply corridors for the mutual charging and discharging system, and the layout is complex, and the adaptable water head cannot be too high.

[0013] In summary, the existing mutual charging and discharging water transfer system has a complex layout, and the water transfer balance depends on the operating characteristics of the diversion port and the valve opening and closing system. There are many interference factors, which are difficult to implement, and the operation guarantee work pressure is high, which has become a bottleneck for the application of mutual charging and discharging water transfer ship locks. Therefore, it is a topic that scientific researchers must pay attention to to achieve self-balancing water transfer (not dependent on external factors) during the entire process of non-constant flow water transfer in the ship lock, improve the safety of ships passing through the lock, and simplify the layout of the mutual charging and discharging water transfer system - correspondingly reduce the number of mutual charging and discharging corridors and mutual charging and discharging water transfer valves, avoid the coordinated operation of double valves, thereby simplifying operation management, improving the operation efficiency of the ship lock, and expanding the application space of the mutual charging and discharging water transfer ship lock, so as to reduce the difficulty of reconstruction of the built upstream and downstream pilot channels. Summary of the invention

[0014] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water transfer system, which can improve the berthing conditions of ships in the lock chamber, correspondingly reduce the number of mutual charging and discharging corridors and valves required to achieve balanced water transfer, simplify the difficulty of layout and operation management, and improve the safety of ships passing through the lock.

[0015] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0016] A mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water conveying system for a double-line ship lock comprises a lock chamber No. 1, a lock chamber No. 2, a diversion port No. 1 and a diversion port No. 2 respectively arranged in the middle of the lock chamber No. 1 and the lock chamber No. 2, a mutual charging and discharging water conveying system and a main water conveying system connecting the No. 1 and the diversion port No. 2, wherein the main water conveying system comprises a main water conveying corridor, a water conveying system in the upper half lock chamber and a water conveying system in the lower half lock chamber, and is characterized in that: the mutual charging and discharging water conveying system comprises an inlet No. 1 and an inlet No. 2 respectively located at the bottom of the diversion port No. 1 and the diversion port No. 2, and a mutual charging and discharging corridor connecting the inlet No. 1 and the inlet No. 2; the No. 1 and the No. 2 diversion ports are respectively located at the plane center of the water area of ​​the lock chamber No. 1 and the lock chamber No. 2, the symmetric center of the water conveying system in the upper half lock chamber and the water conveying system in the lower half lock chamber, and the confluence and diversion center of the water flow of the main water conveying system and the mutual charging and discharging water conveying system.

[0017] Furthermore, the No. 1 guide port and the No. 2 guide port are pressure box-type guide ports without partition walls.

[0018] Furthermore, when the maximum water head of the ship lock exceeds 20m, the mutual charging and discharging corridor includes a shaft section corridor, a valve section corridor and an energy dissipation pressure box connecting the shaft section corridor and the valve section corridor.

[0019] Furthermore, when the maximum water head of the ship lock is less than 20m, the mutual charging and discharging corridor includes a shaft section corridor, a valve section corridor and a bend connecting the shaft section corridor and the valve section corridor.

[0020] Furthermore, the valve section corridor is provided with mutual charging and discharging valves. For the mutual charging and discharging valves of the ship lock with the maximum water head exceeding 20m, the reverse arc gates are adopted. For the ship lock with the maximum water head less than 20m, the mutual charging and discharging valves are adopted with reverse arc gates or flat gates.

[0021] Furthermore, for a ship lock with a maximum water head exceeding 20m, the valve section gallery adopts a bottom-expanding shape; for a ship lock with a maximum water head less than 20m, the valve section gallery adopts a flat-bottomed top-gradiently expanding shape.

[0022] The invention arranges the inlet / outlet of the mutual charging and draining water delivery system at the three-center coincidence point and sets a series of water delivery system layout innovations such as double pressure boxes, realizes mutual charging and draining self-balancing water delivery, and improves the safety of ships passing through the lock; and compared with the existing asymmetric inlet / outlet arrangement, the number of mutual charging and draining corridors and valves is reduced by half, which simplifies the mutual charging and draining water delivery system accordingly; only a single valve needs to be opened to deliver water, without the interference of valve synchronous operation (even if Figure 1 By using two-way flat gates, the opening of the two valves is not synchronized and will not affect the balance of water supply), which reduces the probability of valve failure and simplifies operation management, improves the operation efficiency of the lock, and expands the application space of the mutual charging and discharging water supply lock, thereby reducing the difficulty of rebuilding the existing upstream and downstream pilot channels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the plan structure of a double-line ship lock mutual charging and mutual discharging double-corridor self-balancing water delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the mutual charging and mutual discharging valves are reverse arc gates or flat gates;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the plan structure of a double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging single-corridor self-balancing water delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the mutual charging and discharging valves adopt bidirectional flat gates, which are only applicable to medium and low head ship locks with a water head of less than 20m;

[0025] Figure 3 1 is a schematic elevational structural diagram of a double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging double-corridor self-balancing water conveyance system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view of the water-filling corridor from the reverse arc gate lock chamber 1 to the lock chamber 2, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the water-filling corridor from the reverse arc gate lock chamber 2 to the lock chamber 1;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic elevational structural diagram of a double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging single-corridor self-balancing water delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the mutual charging and discharging valves adopt bidirectional flat doors;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 , Figure 2 Section Ⅰ-Ⅰ in the middle, where (a) is Figure 1 Double corridor Ⅰ-Ⅰ cross-section (the shape of the corridor in the valve section is a sudden expansion at the bottom), (b) Figure 2 Sectional view of single corridor Ⅰ-Ⅰ (the corridor in the valve section is flat-bottomed and gradually expands);

[0028] Figure 6 It is the layout diagram of the inertial water conveyance system of the vertical diversion 2 sections and 2 longitudinal branch corridors of Yinpan Ship Lock (maximum water head 35.12m, lock chamber dimensions 120m×12m (length×width));

[0029] Figure 7 This is the layout diagram of the isoinertial water conveyance system of the 2 sections and 4 longitudinal branch corridors of the horizontal diversion of the Gezhouba No. 3 ship lock (maximum water head 27m, lock chamber dimensions 120m×18m (length×width));

[0030] Figure 8 It is the layout diagram of the isoinertial water conveyance system of the 8 longitudinal corridors of the 4 vertical diversion sections of the Gezhouba No. 1 ship lock (maximum water head 27m, lock chamber dimensions 280m×34m (length×width));

[0031] Fig. 9 It is the layout diagram of the inertial water conveyance system of the vertical diversion of the 4 sections and 8 longitudinal branch corridors of the Three Gorges five-level ship lock (maximum inter-stage head 45.2m, lock chamber size 280m×34m (length×width));

[0032] Fig.10It is the layout diagram of the inertial water conveyance system of the 4 vertical diversion sections and 8 longitudinal branch corridors of the Datengxia ship lock (maximum water head 40.25m, lock chamber dimensions 280m×34m (length×width));

[0033] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the classic diversion outlet structure in the center of the lock chamber water plane, where a is the horizontal diversion outlet and b is the vertical diversion outlet;

[0034] Fig.12 This is the classic first diversion ratio curve of the single-side main corridor layout of the Three Gorges Ship Lock;

[0035] Fig.13 It is the basic layout type 1 of the mutual charging and discharging water conveyance system of the built mutual charging and discharging locks at home and abroad (the inlet / outlet of the mutual charging and discharging water conveyance system is located on the main corridor), among which (a) is the layout type of the mutual charging and discharging water conveyance system using reverse arc gates (applicable to all water head locks), and (b) is the layout type of the mutual charging and discharging water conveyance system using two-way flat plate gates (applicable to medium and low water head locks with water head less than 20m);

[0036] Fig.14 It is the second basic layout type of the water conveyance system of the mutual charging and discharging ship locks built at home and abroad (the inlet / outlet of the mutual charging and discharging water conveyance system is located on the branch corridor of the water conveyance system in the lock chamber), among which (a) is the layout type of the mutual charging and discharging water conveyance system using reverse arc gates, and (b) is the layout type of the mutual charging and discharging water conveyance system using bidirectional flat gates (suitable for medium and low head ship locks with water head less than 20m).

[0037] In the figure: 1—Lock chamber No. 1, 2—Lock chamber No. 2, 3—Diversion port No. 1, 4—Diversion port No. 2, 5—Inlet and outlet No. 1, 6—Inlet and outlet No. 2, 7—Vertical shaft section corridor No. 1, 8—Vertical shaft section corridor No. 2, 9—Energy dissipation pressure box No. 1, 10—Energy dissipation pressure box No. 2, 11—Valve section corridor No. 1, 12—Valve section corridor No. 2, 13, 15, —Water delivery system in the upper half of the lock chamber, 14, 16—Water delivery system in the lower half of the lock chamber, 17—Main water delivery corridor No. 1 (including main water delivery valve), 18—Main water delivery corridor No. 2 (including main water delivery valve). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 1-Figure 5The embodiment of the present invention provides a double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water supply system, including a No. 1 lock chamber 1 and a No. 2 lock chamber 2; a No. 1 diversion port 3 and a No. 2 diversion port 4 respectively arranged in the middle of the No. 1 lock chamber 1 and the No. 2 lock chamber 2; a No. 1 inlet 5 and a No. 2 inlet 6 respectively located at the bottom of the No. 1 diversion port 3 and the No. 2 diversion port 4; and a main water supply system connecting the No. 1 diversion port 3 and the No. 2 diversion port 4. The main water supply system includes a main water supply corridor, an upper half lock chamber water supply system and a lower half lock chamber water supply system. Specifically, the main water supply system includes a No. 1 water supply main corridor (including a main water supply valve) 17 connected to the No. 1 diversion port 3 of the No. 1 lock chamber 1, an upper half lock chamber water supply system 13, and a lower half lock chamber water supply system 14; a No. 2 water supply main corridor (including a main water supply valve) 18 connected to the No. 2 diversion port 4 of the No. 2 lock chamber 2, an upper half lock chamber water supply system 15, and a lower half lock chamber water supply system 16.

[0040] The No. 1 inlet and outlet 5 is connected to the No. 2 inlet and outlet 6 through a mutual charging and discharging corridor, and the mutual charging and discharging corridor includes a vertical shaft section corridor, an energy dissipation pressure box, and a valve section corridor. Specifically.

[0041] Figure 3 The embodiment shown is a double gallery for mutual charging and discharge, and the mutual charging and discharge gallery includes a No. 1 vertical shaft section gallery 7, a No. 2 vertical shaft section gallery 8, a No. 1 energy dissipation pressure box 9, a No. 2 energy dissipation pressure box 10, a No. 1 valve section gallery 11, and a No. 2 valve section gallery 12. The No. 1 inlet and outlet 5 and the No. 2 inlet and outlet 6 are respectively connected to the No. 1 vertical shaft section gallery 7 and the No. 2 vertical shaft section gallery 8. The length of the vertical shaft section is determined by the buried depth of the valve section gallery. The two ends of the No. 1 valve section gallery 11 are connected to the No. 1 vertical shaft section gallery 7 and the No. 2 vertical shaft section gallery 8 through the No. 1 energy dissipation pressure box 9 and the No. 2 energy dissipation pressure box 10, respectively. The two ends of the No. 2 valve section gallery 12 are connected to the No. 1 vertical shaft section gallery 7 and the No. 2 vertical shaft section gallery 8 through the No. 2 energy dissipation pressure box 10 and the No. 1 energy dissipation pressure box, respectively.

[0042] Further references Figure 1 and Figure 2 The No. 1 diversion port 3 is located at the plane center of the water area of ​​the No. 1 lock chamber 1 and the symmetric center of the water conveyance system in the lock chamber. The No. 2 diversion port 4 is located at the plane center of the water area of ​​the No. 2 lock chamber 2 and the symmetric center of the water conveyance system in the lock chamber. The No. 1 diversion port 3 and the No. 2 diversion port 4 adopt pressure box diversion ports without partition walls, which serve as the central hub of the ship lock water conveyance system, so that the branch / convergence water flow of the main water conveyance system converges at the above-mentioned center point, forming a pattern in which the branch / convergence center coincides with the plane center of the water area of ​​the lock chamber and the symmetric center of the water conveyance system in the lock chamber.

[0043] Further references Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The No. 1 inlet and outlet 5 and the No. 2 inlet and outlet 6 are respectively located at the bottom of the No. 1 diversion port 3 and the No. 2 diversion port 4. Because they coincide with the plane center of the water area of ​​the lock chamber, the symmetry center of the water conveyance system in the lock chamber, and the water conveyance flow division / convergence center, self-balancing confluence of the discharge lock chamber is achieved during mutual charging and discharging of water.

[0044] Specifically, the No. 1 inlet and outlet 5 and the No. 2 inlet and outlet 6 are arranged at the bottom of the diversion port (No. 1 diversion port 3 and No. 2 diversion port 4), the upper / lower half lock chamber water delivery system connection port is arranged symmetrically on the side wall of the diversion port with the center line of the ship lock, and the main corridor connection port is arranged on the bisector of the water area of ​​the upper / lower half lock chamber on the side wall of the diversion port, so that the main water delivery system and the mutual charging and mutual discharge water delivery system meet at the diversion port at the center point of the lock chamber water plane and the symmetrical center point of the lock chamber water delivery system, forming a branch / convergence center for the exchange of water flow between the main water delivery system and the mutual charging and mutual discharge water delivery system. In the arrangement type where the mutual charging and mutual discharge inlet and outlet are placed at three center points, at least one corridor is required to achieve balanced water delivery. Even if the number of corridors of the mutual charging and mutual discharge valve section needs to be increased according to the head water flow of the ship lock, balanced water delivery can be achieved because the double valves do not need to be opened synchronously, which correspondingly reduces the complexity of the coordinated operation of the ship lock valve, reduces the probability of ship lock operation accidents, simplifies operation management, and obtains better balanced and safe water delivery characteristics while simplifying the layout and management.

[0045] Further references Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the No. 1 shaft section corridor 7 and the No. 2 shaft section corridor 8 are connected to the No. 1 inlet and outlet 5 and the No. 2 inlet and outlet 6 respectively, and the connection between the shaft and the No. 1 valve section corridor 11 and the No. 2 valve section corridor 12, in the ship lock with higher water conveyance energy, the No. 1 energy dissipation pressure box 9 and the No. 2 energy dissipation pressure box 10 can be used for connection, which plays the role of dissipating energy and reducing the buried depth of the valve section of mutual charging and mutual discharge, and eliminating the spiral rising water flow in the shaft to achieve symmetrical and uniform distribution of the outlet flow velocity; in the ship lock with low water conveyance energy, the bend can be used for connection, and the unstable asymmetric flow velocity distribution at the outlet caused by the vertical shaft rising spiral flow formed by the bend depends on the pressure box type diversion port to eliminate the influence of the diversion uniformity of entering the upper / lower half lock chamber. Whether to use the energy dissipation pressure box and the box size of the energy dissipation pressure box and the diversion port are determined by the diversion port diversion uniformity numerical simulation calculation.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first shaft section corridor 7, the second shaft section corridor 8 and the first valve section corridor 11 and the second valve section corridor 12 of the horizontal section do not adopt conventional bends to connect, but set an energy dissipation pressure box at the 90° turning point of the water flow, thereby avoiding the vertical shaft spiral rising water flow caused by the bend, solving the problem of asymmetric and unstable flow velocity distribution of the outlet section caused by the spiral flow, making the outlet section flow velocity distribution shape stable and symmetrical under each level of water filling flow, realizing self-balancing water delivery in the full water delivery process of the double-line ship lock mutual charging and mutual discharge, and improving the safety of ships passing through the lock. At the same time, the energy dissipation pressure box also plays a role in reducing the energy of mutual charging and mutual discharge water delivery, improving the safety of the high head or ultra-high head double-line ship lock mutual charging and mutual discharge water delivery system itself, reducing the buried depth of the mutual charging and mutual discharge valve section, and reducing the engineering workload.

[0047] According to the water delivery energy of the double-line ship lock, the layout of the mutual charging and discharging water delivery system can be further simplified, that is, the above-mentioned energy dissipation pressure box can be cancelled, and the mutual charging and discharging corridors are connected by bends at the 90° turn of the water flow. When the spiral flow formed in the vertical shaft is weak, the instability and asymmetry of the flow velocity distribution in the cross-section of the mutual charging and discharging outlet brought about by it are also weak, and uniform diversion can be achieved through the large cavity, low flow velocity and stable pressure environment of the pressure box-type diversion port.

[0048] Further references Figure 3 and Figure 4 The No. 1 valve section corridor 11 and the No. 2 valve section corridor 12 are both provided with mutual charging and discharging valves. For the mutual charging and discharging valves of the ship lock with the maximum water head exceeding 20m, it is recommended to use reverse arc gates. For the ship lock with the maximum water head less than 20m, the mutual charging and discharging valves can use either reverse arc gates or flat gates.

[0049] Further references Figure 3 and Figure 4 As for the structural type of the No. 1 valve section gallery 11 and the No. 2 valve section gallery 12, it is recommended to adopt a bottom-expanding type for the ship lock with the maximum water head exceeding 20m, and it is recommended to adopt a flat-bottom-top-gradually-expanding type for the ship lock with the maximum water head less than 20m.

[0050] Further references Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The number of the No. 1 valve section corridor 11 and the No. 2 valve section corridor 12 is determined because the water transfer corridors without mutual filling and discharge need to be arranged symmetrically in pairs to ensure balanced water transfer requirements. Only the limitation of the valve construction technology on the water transfer flow needs to be considered.

[0051] The diversion port can be connected to a 2-section dispersed water supply system, a 4-section dispersed water supply system, an 8-section dispersed water supply system or other water supply systems in the lock chamber, which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the lock chamber water plane. In theory, it can meet the needs of mutual charging and discharging of any type of double-line ship lock.

[0052] The working process of the present invention is described as follows:

[0053] When the No. 1 lock chamber 1 is at a high water level and the No. 2 lock chamber 2 is at a low water level, the mutual filling and discharge valves of the No. 1 valve section corridor 11 are opened. At this time, the main water supply valves of the No. 1 water supply main corridor 17 and the No. 2 water supply main corridor 18 are in a closed state. As the mutual filling and discharge valves of the No. 1 valve section corridor 11 are opened, the water in the high water level lock chamber (No. 1 lock chamber 1) enters the water supply system (13, 14) in the upper / lower half lock chamber and then merges into the No. 1 diversion port, and then descends from the No. 1 inlet and outlet 5 at the bottom of the No. 1 diversion port along the No. 1 vertical shaft section corridor 7 to enter the No. 1 energy dissipation pressure The water flows through the energy dissipation pressure box 9, and then enters the valve section gallery 11 from the energy dissipation pressure box 9. After the valve section gallery 11, the water flows through the energy dissipation pressure box 10 and rises along the shaft section gallery 8 to enter the second inlet and outlet 6. Then, the water flows through the second diversion port 4 of the low water level lock chamber (the second lock chamber 2), and enters the upper / lower half lock chamber water delivery system (15, 16) of the low water level lock chamber (the second lock chamber 2), completing the process of the water body of the high water level lock chamber (the first lock chamber 1) entering the low water level lock chamber (the second lock chamber 2), until the water levels of the lock chambers (1 and 2) are flush.

[0054] When the No. 2 lock chamber 2 is at a high water level and the No. 1 lock chamber 1 is at a low water level, the mutual filling and discharge valves of the No. 2 valve section corridor 12 are opened. At this time, the main water supply valves of the No. 1 water supply main corridor 17 and the No. 2 water supply main corridor 18 are in a closed state. As the mutual filling and discharge valves of the No. 2 valve section corridor 12 are opened, the water in the high water level lock chamber (No. 2 lock chamber 2) enters the water supply system (15, 16) in the upper / lower half lock chamber and then merges into the No. 2 diversion port, and then descends from the No. 2 inlet and outlet 6 at the bottom of the No. 2 diversion port along the No. 2 vertical shaft section corridor 8 to enter the No. 2 energy dissipation pressure box 10, and then enter the No. 2 valve section corridor 12 from the No. 2 energy dissipation pressure box 10, the water flows through the No. 2 valve section corridor 12 into the No. 1 energy dissipation pressure box 9, and then rises along the No. 1 vertical shaft section corridor 7 to enter the No. 1 inlet and outlet 5, and then is diverted through the No. 1 diversion port 3 of the low water level lock chamber (No. 1 lock chamber 1), and enters the upper / lower half lock chamber water delivery system (13, 14) of the low water level lock chamber (No. 1 lock chamber 1), and finally completes the process of the water body of the high water level lock chamber (No. 2 lock chamber 2) entering the low water level lock chamber (No. 1 lock chamber 1), until the water levels of the lock chambers (1, 2) are flush.

[0055] The mechanism of the present invention to realize mutual charging and mutual discharging self-balancing water delivery and thus improve the berthing conditions of the lock chamber is that the No. 1 inlet and outlet 5 and the No. 2 inlet and outlet 6 are arranged at the intersection of the plane center of the lock chamber water area, the symmetric center of the water delivery system in the lock chamber, and the water flow division / confluence center of the water delivery system, so that the water flow in the lock chamber enters and exits the mutual charging and mutual discharging water delivery system through a completely symmetrical and identical water delivery system, so that the water flows from the discharge lock chamber through the water delivery system in the upper / lower half lock chamber into the No. 1 inlet and outlet 5, and then reaches the No. 2 inlet and outlet 6 through the mutual charging and mutual discharging corridor. The water supply system resistance and converted length along the way are the same when entering the water filling chamber diversion port, which realizes the self-balanced water supply along the way at various flow rates; and the water supply balance of the No. 2 inlet and outlet 6 is diverted through the water filling chamber diversion port into the water supply system in the upper / lower half of the lock chamber and then enters the lock chamber. This process depends on the uniformity of the diversion of the water filling chamber diversion port. This uniformity is not only affected by the symmetrical layout of the water supply system, but also by the flow velocity distribution of the outlet section of the mutual charging and discharging corridor. A large number of previous studies have shown that the 90° water flow through the bend After the turn, a spiral water flow will appear, which will make the water flow distribution in the corridor section unstable and asymmetric. The flow velocity on the left side of a certain flow level section is high, while it becomes high on the right side at another flow level. If the mutually charging and discharging valve section corridor is connected with the shaft section corridor through a bend, the velocity distribution of the outlet section will be unstable and uneven, increasing the difficulty of uniform diversion at the diversion port. When the energy of mutual charging and discharging water delivery is large, it is even impossible to achieve uniform diversion. For this reason, the present invention eliminates the spiral rising water flow formed by the turning of the water flow in the bend by arranging an energy dissipation pressure box to replace the arrangement innovation of the bend. The principle is that the velocity of the water flow in the mutually charging and discharging valve section corridor decreases after entering the large-volume pressure box, so that the water flow in the shaft section arranged on the top of the energy dissipation pressure box rises steadily in the form of pressure flow, and the stable, symmetrical and uniform velocity distribution of the outlet section is achieved. Even if there is still a small asymmetry, the outlet water flow will further reduce the speed and stabilize the pressure after entering the pressure box diversion port to achieve uniform diversion, and finally achieve self-balancing water delivery in the full water delivery process of mutual charging and discharging, effectively reducing the water surface slope of the lock chamber during the water delivery process of the ship lock chamber.

[0056] The present invention arranges the inlet / outlet of the mutual charging and discharging water transfer system at the three-center coincidence point and sets up a double pressure box and other series of water transfer system layout innovations, thereby realizing mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water transfer, improving the safety of ships passing through the lock, and correspondingly simplifying the mutual charging and discharging water transfer system, without the disturbance of valve synchronous operation, simplifying operation management, and expanding the application space of mutual charging and discharging water transfer locks.

[0057] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water delivery system, comprising a No. 1 lock chamber, a No. 2 lock chamber, a No. 1 diversion port and a No. 2 diversion port respectively arranged in the middle of the No. 1 lock chamber and the No. 2 lock chamber, a mutual charging and discharging water delivery system and a main water delivery system connecting the No. 1 diversion port and the No. 2 diversion port, wherein the main water delivery system comprises a main water delivery corridor, a water delivery system in the upper half lock chamber and a water delivery system in the lower half lock chamber, and is characterized in that: The mutual charging and discharging water supply system includes inlet and outlet No. 1 and inlet No. 2, which are respectively located at the bottom of the diversion outlet No. 1 and the diversion outlet No. 2, and a mutual charging and discharging corridor connecting the inlet and outlet No. 1 and the inlet and outlet No. 2; the diversion outlet No. 1 and the diversion outlet No. 2 are respectively located at the plane center of the water area of ​​the No. 1 lock chamber and the No. 2 lock chamber, the symmetry center of the water supply system in the upper half of the lock chamber and the water supply system in the lower half of the lock chamber, and the confluence and diversion center of the water flow of the main water supply system and the mutual charging and discharging water supply system.

2. A double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water delivery system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The No. 1 guide port and the No. 2 guide port are pressure box-type guide ports without partition walls.

3. A double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water delivery system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the maximum water head of the ship lock exceeds 20m, the mutual charging and discharging gallery includes a shaft section gallery, a valve section gallery and an energy dissipation pressure box connecting the shaft section gallery and the valve section gallery.

4. A double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water delivery system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the maximum water head of the ship lock is less than 20m, the mutual charging and discharging corridor includes a shaft section corridor, a valve section corridor and a bend connecting the shaft section corridor and the valve section corridor.

5. A double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water delivery system as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The valve section corridor is equipped with mutual filling and draining valves. For the ship locks with maximum water head exceeding 20m, the mutual filling and draining valves adopt arc-shaped doors; for the ship locks with maximum water head less than 20m, the mutual filling and draining valves adopt arc-shaped doors or flat doors.

6. A double-line ship lock mutual charging and discharging self-balancing water delivery system as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: For ship locks with a maximum water head exceeding 20m, the valve section gallery adopts a bottom-expanding shape; for ship locks with a maximum water head less than 20m, the valve section gallery adopts a flat-bottomed and top-expanding shape.

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