Automatic two-gear gearbox for new energy engineering machinery and control method of automatic two-gear gearbox

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic two-gear gearbox for new energy engineering machinery and a control method of the automatic two-gear gearbox. The automatic two-gear gearbox for the new energy engineering machinery comprises an input end, a speed reducing mechanism, a torque reducing mechanism and an output end, the input end is provided with a one-way bearing and a centrifugal clutch, the one-way bearing and the centrifugal clutch are in transmission connection with the speed reducing mechanism and the torque reducing mechanism respectively, and the speed reducing mechanism and the torque reducing mechanism are in transmission connection with the output end. And the two motors are in transmission connection with the output end. According to the control method of the automatic two-gear gearbox for the new energy engineering machinery, the rotating speed of the input end is controlled to select the transmission direction, and gear shifting is achieved. According to the automatic two-gear gearbox for the new energy engineering machinery and the control method of the automatic two-gear gearbox, the defects that the structure and the control method are complex, and pause is prone to occurring are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of speed change devices, and in particular to an automatic two-speed transmission for new energy engineering machinery and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the maturity of new energy electric drive technology, the trend of electrification of construction machinery has become increasingly obvious. At present, most construction machinery uses a single-stage reducer with a fixed speed ratio. The single-stage solution has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, rich resources, and low development difficulty. However, the single-stage reducer solution requires a large motor torque and a high speed, and cannot ensure that the motor maintains the best operating state under complex working conditions. Equipped with a two-speed gearbox, the output performance of the motor can be effectively adjusted. The two-speed gearbox solution can reduce the motor output torque, reduce the motor volume and cost, and optimize the motor operation state. However, the two-speed transmission adds a shifting mechanism, and the structure and control method are more complex, and it is easy to be frustrated. For example, the existing application number is "202322916519.1", the applicant is "Zhuzhou Gear Co., Ltd.", and the solution provided by the utility model named "Pure Electric Loader Gearbox" is to solve the problems caused by the existence of the shift fork, and it cannot solve the above defects from the root. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the defects of the existing two-speed gearbox solution, such as complex structure and control method and easy occurrence of setbacks, the present invention provides an automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery and a control method thereof for solving the above problems.

[0004] An automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery comprises an input end, a speed reduction mechanism, a torque reduction mechanism and an output end, wherein the input end is provided with a one-way bearing and a centrifugal clutch, which are respectively transmission-connected to the speed reduction mechanism and the torque reduction mechanism, and the speed reduction mechanism and the torque reduction mechanism are both transmission-connected to the output end.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the automatic two-speed transmission for new energy engineering machinery provided by the present invention, the input end is an input shaft connected to the motor output, the one-way bearing is installed in the middle section of the shaft, and the centrifugal clutch is installed at the end of the shaft.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the automatic two-speed transmission for new energy engineering machinery provided by the present invention, the reduction mechanism includes a plurality of reduction gears, which are arranged around the one-way bearing and mesh with the outer wall of the one-way bearing and the output end.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the automatic two-speed transmission for new energy engineering machinery provided by the present invention, the torque reduction mechanism is a planetary torque reduction mechanism, including a planetary carrier and an outer ring gear, which are fixedly connected to the centrifugal clutch and the output end respectively.

[0008] The torque reduction mechanism includes a planetary carrier, planetary gears, a sun gear, an outer gear ring and a bearing. The end face of the planetary carrier is provided with a plurality of cams, and the planetary gears are respectively installed thereon. The inner sides of all the planetary gears are meshed with the sun gears, and the outer sides are meshed with the inner wall of the outer gear ring. The bearing is provided between the sun gear and the outer gear ring for support.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the automatic two-speed transmission for new energy engineering machinery provided by the present invention, the housing end and the shaft end of the centrifugal clutch are respectively fixedly connected to the shaft end of the input end and to the large end surface of the planetary carrier.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery provided by the present invention, the output end is an output housing, the input end, the speed reduction mechanism and the torque reduction mechanism are all arranged in the output end. The outer side of the speed reduction mechanism is meshed with the inner wall of the output end, and the outer gear ring extends to the outside of the output end and is fixedly connected thereto.

[0011] A control method for an automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery is to control the speed of the input end to select the transmission direction and achieve gear shifting. It includes: Low speed and high load working condition: the speed of the input end is controlled to be low, the one-way bearing automatically engages, the centrifugal clutch automatically disconnects, and the power is transmitted along the input end-one-way bearing-reduction mechanism-output end; High speed and low load working condition: The speed of the input end is controlled to be high speed, the one-way bearing is automatically disconnected, the centrifugal clutch is automatically engaged, and the power is transmitted along the input end-centrifugal clutch-torque reduction mechanism-output end.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Compared with the traditional single-stage reducer, the solution provided by the present invention can provide greater torque and improve power under low speed and high load conditions; under high speed and low load conditions, it can keep the motor running in the high efficiency range, reduce energy consumption and improve economy.

[0013] 2. Compared with the traditional single-stage reducer, the solution provided by the present invention can reduce the motor output torque, reduce the motor volume and cost.

[0014] 3. The solution provided by the present invention uses a one-way bearing and a centrifugal clutch in combination as a shift mechanism. Compared with the shift mechanism of a traditional parallel shaft two-speed transmission, it has the advantages of simple structure, easy implementation, and low failure rate.

[0015] 4. The solution provided by the present invention can realize automatic gear shifting only through motor speed regulation, with simple control, smooth gear shifting and no power interruption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic two-speed transmission for new energy engineering machinery.

[0017] Numbers in the figure: Input end 1, one-way bearing 2, centrifugal clutch 3, speed reduction mechanism 4, planet carrier 51, planetary gear 52, sun gear 53, outer gear ring 54, bearing 55, output end 6, motor 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] See also Figure 1 , is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery provided by the present invention.

[0020] The automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery includes an input end 1, a one-way bearing 2, a centrifugal clutch 3, a speed reduction mechanism 4, a torque reduction mechanism and an output end 6. For ease of description, a motor 7 is introduced. The power output shaft of the motor 7 is the input end 1.

[0021] A one-way bearing 2 is installed at the middle section of the shaft at the input end 1 , and a centrifugal clutch 3 is installed at the end of the shaft at the input end 1 .

[0022] The inner ring of the one-way bearing 2 is fixed to the input end 1, and the outer ring is provided with a gear ring. The speed reduction mechanism 4 includes three speed reduction gears, which are arranged around the one-way bearing 2 and mesh with the gear ring of the outer ring of the one-way bearing 2. A support frame is provided between the three speed reduction gears, which is not drawn in the attached figure.

[0023] One end of the centrifugal clutch 3 is a housing fixed to the input end 1, and the other end is an axis coaxial with the input end 1. The torque reduction mechanism is a planetary torque reduction mechanism, including a planet carrier 51, planetary gears 52, a sun gear 53, an outer gear ring 54 and a bearing 55.

[0024] The upper end surface of the planet carrier 51 is coaxially fixedly connected to the axis of the centrifugal clutch 3, and the lower end surface is provided with three cams, each of which is provided with a planetary gear 52. The planetary gears 52 mesh with the sun gear 53, and the outer side meshes with the outer gear ring 54. The upper end surface of the sun gear 53 abuts against the planet carrier 51, and the middle section of the sun gear 53 is sleeved with a bearing for carrying the outer gear ring 54.

[0025] The output end 6 is an output housing, and the input end 1, one-way bearing 2, centrifugal clutch 3, speed reduction mechanism 4 and torque reduction mechanism are all located in the housing. The upper end of the housing of the output end 6 extends to approach or fit the motor 7; the inner wall of the middle section of the housing is provided with a gear ring, which meshes with the speed reduction gear of the speed reduction mechanism 4; the size of the lower end of the housing is reduced and fixedly connected to the outer gear ring 54.

[0026] The working principle of the one-way bearing 2 is one-way transmission. When the speed of the input end 1 is greater than that of the output end 6, the one-way bearing 2 transmits normally; when the speed of the input end 1 is less than that of the output end 6, the one-way bearing 2 idles and cannot transmit, resulting in a disconnection effect.

[0027] The working principle of the centrifugal clutch 3 is that when the rotation speed is low, the pawl contracts and the inner and outer parts are disconnected; when the rotation speed is high, the pawl is thrown off and the inner and outer parts are connected. When the rotation speed of the input end 1 is high, the centrifugal clutch 3 is connected and the transmission is normal; when the rotation speed of the input end 1 is low, the centrifugal clutch 3 is disconnected and the transmission cannot be performed.

[0028] The overall working principle of the automatic two-speed transmission for new energy engineering machinery is to control the speed of the input end 1 to select the transmission direction and realize gear shifting.

[0029] When the speed of the input end 1 is controlled to be at a lower state, the one-way bearing 2 is automatically engaged, the centrifugal clutch 3 is automatically disconnected, and the power is transmitted along the input end 1-one-way bearing 2-reduction mechanism 4-output end 6. This is a low-speed gear adapted to low-speed and high-load working conditions.

[0030] When the speed of the input end 1 is controlled to be at a higher state, the one-way bearing 2 is automatically disconnected, the centrifugal clutch 3 is automatically engaged, and the power is transmitted along the input end 1-centrifugal clutch 3-torque reduction mechanism-output end 6. This is a high-speed gear that adapts to high-speed and low-load working conditions.

[0031] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery, characterized in that: It includes an input end, a speed reduction mechanism, a torque reduction mechanism and an output end. The input end is provided with a one-way bearing and a centrifugal clutch, which are respectively connected to the speed reduction mechanism and the torque reduction mechanism in a transmission manner. The speed reduction mechanism and the torque reduction mechanism are both connected to the output end in a transmission manner.

2. The automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end is an input shaft connected to the output of the motor, the one-way bearing is installed in the middle section of the shaft, and the centrifugal clutch is installed at the end of the shaft.

3. The automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The speed reduction mechanism comprises a plurality of speed reduction gears which are arranged around the one-way bearing and mesh with the outer wall of the one-way bearing and the output end.

4. The automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The torque reducing mechanism is a planetary torque reducing mechanism, comprising a planet carrier and an outer gear ring, which are respectively fixedly connected to the centrifugal clutch and the output end.

5. The automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The torque reduction mechanism includes a planetary carrier, planetary gears, a sun gear, an outer gear ring and a bearing. The end face of the planetary carrier is provided with a plurality of cams, and the planetary gears are respectively installed thereon. The inner sides of all the planetary gears are meshed with the sun gears, and the outer sides are meshed with the inner wall of the outer gear ring. The bearing is provided between the sun gear and the outer gear ring for support.

6. The automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The housing end and the shaft end of the centrifugal clutch are respectively fixedly connected to the shaft end of the input end and the large end surface of the planet carrier.

7. The automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The output end is an output housing, and the input end, the speed reduction mechanism and the torque reduction mechanism are all arranged in the output end.

8. The automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer side of the speed reduction mechanism is meshed with the inner wall of the output end, and the outer gear ring penetrates to the outside of the output end and is fixedly connected thereto.

9. A control method for an automatic two-speed gearbox for new energy engineering machinery, characterized in that: Control the speed of the input end to select the transmission direction and achieve gear shifting.

10. The control method of the automatic two-speed transmission for new energy engineering machinery according to claim 9, characterized in that: include: Low speed and high load conditions: The speed of the input end is controlled to be low, the one-way bearing is automatically engaged, the centrifugal clutch is automatically disconnected, and the power is transmitted along the input end-one-way bearing-speed reduction mechanism-output end; High speed and low load conditions: The speed of the input end is controlled to be high, the one-way bearing is automatically disconnected, the centrifugal clutch is automatically engaged, and the power is transmitted along the input end-centrifugal clutch-torque reduction mechanism-output end.

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