Electric heating anti-freezing system and method for outdoor cooling water tower

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-freezing of cooling water towers, and discloses an electric heating anti-freezing system and method for an outdoor cooling water tower. The system is used for preventing frost crack of the pipeline, and electric heating rods and temperature sensors are additionally arranged at a water inlet and a water outlet of the water tower pipeline; a bypass water pipe is additionally arranged between the water inlet and the water outlet, and a circulating water pump is additionally arranged on the bypass water pipe; the circulating water pump is also connected with an interlocking switch; and the power-on heating rod, the temperature sensor and the interlocking switch are connected with a control system through signal lines. The anti-freezing of the pipeline is ensured, and meanwhile, the use of an ethylene glycol anti-freezing solution is canceled; by means of the anti-freezing mode of electric heating and the circulating water pump, the selection position of the electric heating rod and the control conditions of electric heating and temperature detection, the effect that water in the whole pipeline can not be frozen is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cooling water tower antifreeze, and in particular relates to an electric heating antifreeze system and method for an outdoor cooling water tower. Background Art

[0002] A closed cooling tower is a device that cools water. The water is heated in the internal pipes of the tower and cooled by exchanging heat with the external air or spraying water. To enhance heat exchange, most cooling towers are placed outdoors. Cooling towers are widely used in factory air conditioning circulating water systems and for cooling engine tests.

[0003] To prevent freezing and rupture of pipes in water towers during low winter temperatures, ethylene glycol antifreeze mixed with water is used inside the water tower to lower the freezing point. However, over time, water quality deteriorates, affecting the operation of water system equipment and the antifreeze performance of the antifreeze. Therefore, the entire ethylene glycol antifreeze circulating within the water tower must be replaced every two years.

[0004] The above analysis reveals the following problems and drawbacks of the existing technology: After replacing ethylene glycol antifreeze, it cannot be directly discharged and must be handled by a qualified supplier. The purchase and wastewater treatment costs of ethylene glycol antifreeze are high. Furthermore, if equipment malfunctions, resulting in pipe leaks or cracks, the ethylene glycol antifreeze can be heated and released at high temperatures, causing significant damage to the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in the related art, the disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide an electric heating antifreeze system and method for an outdoor cooling water tower.

[0006] The technical solution is as follows: an electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower, the method comprising:

[0007] S1, obtain the outlet water temperature after heat exchange in the cooling tower through the temperature sensor, and send the water temperature data to the control system;

[0008] S2, the control system compares the water temperature data received from the water outlet with the preset temperature data. When the temperature is 5%-10% lower than the preset temperature, it instructs the electric heating rod to heat and regulates the heating gradient through the improved fuzzy rule;

[0009] S3, when the water at the water inlet and outlet is not circulating, the control system instructs the circulating water pump to operate, and the water in the circulating cooling water tower is in a circulating state. When it is below the freezing point, the electric heating rod is instructed to heat; when it is above the freezing point and is 5%-10% of the predetermined temperature, the heating is stopped.

[0010] In step 1, the outlet water temperature after heat exchange in the cooling tower is obtained through a temperature sensor, and the water temperature data is sent to the control system, including:

[0011] Collect the variation of heating temperature segments, extract the size of heating temperature segments, heating temperature segment interval, maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation of heating temperature rise range set size, maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation of heating temperature rise range set arrival interval, and the number of heating temperature nodes transmitted; given heating temperature segment set O = {o1, o2…o n};

[0012] Adjust the heating temperature segment variation. Use the direction of membership change during the constraint sparsity adjustment process. The constraint sparsity is calculated by the ratio of heating temperature segments that contain necessary associated data in each variation interval. The objective function B of the heating temperature segment variation is:

[0013]

[0014] Where m is the fuzzy coefficient, c is the number of variation intervals, N is the number of data heating temperature segments, e if Is the data heating temperature segment Y f Adjust center G i The membership degree, 0≤e if ≤1; || || is the standard Euclidean distance, It is constrained sparse;

[0015] Constrained Sparse The calculation formula is:

[0016]

[0017] Where, DU h is a heating temperature segment subset in DUS, Lang(C i ) is the difference between the value of Y and the value of f The number of heating temperature segments for the associated data, Lang(DU h ) is DU h The number of heating temperature segments in the data.

[0018] In step S2, the improved fuzzy rules include:

[0019] Step 1: Use constraint fuzzy adjustment to adjust the heating temperature segment variation;

[0020] Step 2: Based on the adjustment results, establish the heating temperature segment variation information vector threshold and construct a vector threshold interval division control module;

[0021] Step 3: Based on the vector threshold interval division control module, the heating temperature segment variation is divided and controlled.

[0022] In step 2, a vector threshold interval division control module is constructed, including: constructing a heating temperature segment variation vector threshold around the adjustment center G1, G2...Gc represented by numerical data, and expressing the variation vector threshold as YU={D1, D2...D c}, c is the characteristic dimension of the variation.

[0023] Furthermore, the construction process of the change vector threshold is as follows:

[0024] (1) Generate a heating temperature segment variation vector threshold, and use the information vector threshold rule to generate the heating temperature segment variation vector threshold, the heating temperature segment variation vector threshold D i The structure is a super cube structure, and the calculation method for each dimension is Where G ij is the numerical center G i The value of the jth dimension, μ is the threshold coefficient, bian j is the numerical variation range of the jth dimension of the original data value;

[0025] (2) Reconstruct the original data points based on the heating temperature segment change vector threshold, from YU = [D1, D2 ... D c ] to reconstruct the data point Y f , the reconstructed data is an interval value, and the threshold value of the heating temperature segment change vector is optimized.

[0026] In step 3, the category is determined based on the data points contained in the vector threshold. If a change vector threshold does not contain any labeled heating temperature segments, it is considered an unknown category and is not used in the division and regulation stage. For vector thresholds that contain at least one labeled heating temperature segment, their change categories are assigned based on the comparison of the number of differently labeled heating temperature segments.

[0027] Furthermore, a rule base is set at the package level and the heating temperature segment level, and the division and control rules of a single heating temperature segment are extracted from the change vector threshold of each heating temperature segment, and the identification rules of the application behavior are extracted from each change category; for the division and control of a single heating temperature segment, the distance between the heating temperature segment and the change vector threshold of each heating temperature segment is calculated; the range of this example is 5%-10%.

[0028] Furthermore, for a new heating temperature range E=P b , if E∈D i , that is, within the threshold of the change vector, the label of the heating temperature segment E is recorded as Duan p .

[0029] Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric heating antifreeze system for an outdoor cooling water tower, which implements the electric heating antifreeze method for the outdoor cooling water tower, and the system comprises:

[0030] To prevent pipes from freezing and cracking, electric heating rods and temperature sensors are added to the water inlet and outlet of the water tower pipes; a bypass water pipe is added between the water inlet and outlet, and a circulating water pump is added to the bypass water pipe; the circulating water pump is also connected to a chain switch;

[0031] The powered heating rod, temperature sensor and interlocking switch are all connected to a control system via signal lines.

[0032] Furthermore, a water cooling spray pipe is installed on the upper part of the water tower, and the water cooling spray pipe is connected to a cooling water pump; the water inlet pipe of the cooling water pump is connected to the cooling water at the bottom of the water tower.

[0033] Combining all of the above technical solutions, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects: it prevents freezing of pipelines while eliminating the need for ethylene glycol antifreeze. It also uses temperature detection signal feedback to ensure that electric heating is activated when necessary, thus saving energy. By combining electric heating with a circulating water pump for antifreeze protection, selecting the location of the electric heating rod, and controlling the electric heating and temperature detection, the present invention ensures that the water in the entire pipeline remains ice-free. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an electric heating antifreeze system for an outdoor cooling water tower provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a heating temperature stage diagram of the electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1. Water inlet; 2. Water outlet; 3. Electric heating rod; 4. Temperature sensor; 5. Bypass water pipe; 6. Circulating water pump; 7. Interlock switch; 8. Control system; 9. Water cooling spray pipe; 10. Cooling water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the electric heating antifreeze system for an outdoor cooling water tower provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0040] To prevent pipes from freezing and cracking, electric heating rods 3 and temperature sensors 4 are added to the water inlet 1 and water outlet 2 of the water tower pipe; a bypass water pipe 5 is added between the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 2, and a circulating water pump 6 is added to the bypass water pipe 5; the circulating water pump 6 is also connected to a chain switch 7;

[0041] The electric heating rod 3, the temperature sensor 4, and the interlocking switch 7 are all connected to a control system 8 via signal lines;

[0042] A water cooling spray pipe 9 is also installed on the upper part of the water tower, and the water cooling spray pipe 9 is connected to a cooling water pump 10; the water inlet pipe of the cooling water pump 10 is connected to the cooling water at the bottom of the water tower.

[0043] Example 2: The electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower provided in the embodiment of the invention replaces the ethylene glycol antifreeze liquid with ordinary water. To prevent the pipes from freezing and cracking, an electric heating rod 3, a temperature sensor 4, and a control system 8 are added to the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 2 of the water tower pipe. When the water temperature reaches the set minimum temperature, the heating is started; when the water temperature reaches the set maximum temperature, the electric heating is turned off. To ensure that all the water in the pipe is evenly heated, a bypass water pipe 5 is added between the inlet and outlet pipes, and a circulating water pump 6 is added. When the equipment is not in operation, the circulating water pump is started to ensure that the water inside the water tower is always in a circulating state, and the water in the entire pipe can achieve the effect of not freezing.

[0044] The required heating power is calculated based on the lowest temperature in the area and the length of the pipeline. Installing two 10kW heating rods in each cooling tower can meet the winter antifreeze needs of the area where it is used.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0046] S1, obtain the water temperature at the water outlet 2 after heat exchange in the cooling water tower through the temperature sensor 4, and send the water temperature data to the control system 8;

[0047] S2, the control system 8 compares the water temperature data received from the water outlet 2 with the predetermined temperature data. When the water temperature is 5%-10% lower than the predetermined temperature, the control system 8 instructs the electric heating rod 3 to heat the water and controls the heating gradient through the improved fuzzy rule.

[0048] S3, when the water at the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 2 is not circulating, the control system 8 instructs the circulating water pump 6 to operate, and the water in the circulating cooling water tower is in a circulating state. When it is below the freezing point, the electric heating rod 3 is instructed to heat; when it is above the freezing point and is 5%-10% of the predetermined temperature, the heating is stopped.

[0049] In step S2 and step S3, the improved fuzzy rules include:

[0050] S201, adjusting the heating temperature segment variation using constraint fuzzy adjustment;

[0051] S202, establishing a heating temperature segment variation information vector threshold and constructing a vector threshold interval division control module based on the adjustment result;

[0052] S203: dividing and regulating the heating temperature segment variation based on the vector threshold interval division and regulation module.

[0053] For example, in step S201, first, the heating temperature segment variation is collected, and the heating temperature segment size, heating temperature segment interval, maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation of the heating temperature rise range set size, maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation of the heating temperature rise range set arrival interval, and the number of transmitted heating temperature nodes are extracted from each heating temperature segment; given a heating temperature segment set O = {o1, o2…o n};

[0054] Adjust the heating temperature segment variation. Use the direction of membership change during the constraint sparsity adjustment process. The constraint sparsity is calculated by the ratio of heating temperature segments that contain necessary associated data in each variation interval. The objective function B of the heating temperature segment variation is:

[0055]

[0056] Where m is the fuzzy coefficient, c is the number of variation intervals, N is the number of data heating temperature segments, e if Is the data heating temperature segment Y f Adjust center G i The membership degree, 0≤e if ≤1; || || is the standard Euclidean distance, It is constrained sparse;

[0057] Constrained Sparse The calculation formula is:

[0058]

[0059] Where, DU h is a heating temperature segment subset in DUS, Lang(C i ) is the difference between the value of Y and the value of f The number of heating temperature segments for the associated data, Lang(DU h ) is DU h The number of heating temperature segments in the data.

[0060] In step S2, the improved fuzzy rules include:

[0061] Step 1: Use constraint fuzzy adjustment to adjust the heating temperature segment variation;

[0062] Step 2: Based on the adjustment results, establish the heating temperature segment variation information vector threshold and construct a vector threshold interval division control module;

[0063] Step 3: Based on the vector threshold interval division control module, the heating temperature segment variation is divided and controlled.

[0064] In step 2, a vector threshold interval division control module is constructed, including: constructing a heating temperature segment variation vector threshold around the adjustment center G1, G2...Gc represented by numerical data, and expressing the variation vector threshold as YU={D1, D2...D c}, c is the characteristic dimension of the variation.

[0065] 5. The electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower according to claim 4, wherein the process of constructing the change vector threshold is as follows:

[0066] (1) Generate a heating temperature segment variation vector threshold, and use the information vector threshold rule to generate the heating temperature segment variation vector threshold, the heating temperature segment variation vector threshold D i The structure is a super cube structure, and the calculation method for each dimension is Where G ij is the numerical center G i The value of the jth dimension, μ is the threshold coefficient, bian j is the numerical variation range of the jth dimension of the original data value;

[0067] (2) Reconstruct the original data points based on the heating temperature segment change vector threshold, from YU = [D1, D2 ... D c ] to reconstruct the data point Y f , the reconstructed data is an interval value, and the threshold value of the heating temperature segment change vector is optimized.

[0068] For example, in step S203, the category is determined based on the data points included in the vector threshold. If a change vector threshold does not contain any labeled heating temperature segments, it is considered an unknown category and is not used in the classification and control stage. For a vector threshold that contains at least one labeled heating temperature segment, its change category is assigned based on the number of differently labeled heating temperature segments.

[0069] Set up a rule base at the package level and the heating temperature segment level, extract the division and control rules of a single heating temperature segment from the change vector threshold of each heating temperature segment, and the identification rules of application behavior extracted from each change category; for the division and control of a single heating temperature segment, calculate the distance between the heating temperature segment and the change vector threshold of each heating temperature segment; the range in this example is 5%-10%.

[0070] In step 3, the category is determined based on the data points contained in the vector threshold. If a change vector threshold does not contain any labeled heating temperature segments, it is considered an unknown category and is not used in the classification and control phase. For vector thresholds containing at least one labeled heating temperature segment, the change category is assigned based on the number of differently labeled heating temperature segments. As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention, through improved fuzzy rules, can control the temperature within 5%-10% of the predetermined range, achieving high control accuracy and meeting engineering requirements.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower, characterized in that: The method includes: S1, obtain the outlet water temperature after heat exchange in the cooling water tower through the temperature sensor, and send the water temperature data to the control system; S2, the control system compares the received water temperature data of the water outlet with the preset temperature data. When the water temperature is 5%-10% lower than the preset temperature, the electric heating rod is instructed to heat and the heating gradient is regulated by the improved fuzzy rule; S3, when the water at the water inlet and outlet is not circulating, the control system instructs the circulating water pump to operate, and the water in the circulating cooling water tower is in a circulating state. When it is below the freezing point, the electric heating rod is instructed to heat; when it is above the freezing point and is 5%-10% of the predetermined temperature, the heating is stopped.

2. The electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the outlet water temperature after heat exchange in the cooling water tower is obtained by a temperature sensor, and the water temperature data is sent to the control system, including: Collect the heating temperature segment changes, extract the heating temperature segment size, heating temperature segment interval, the maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation of the heating temperature range set size, the maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation of the heating temperature range set arrival interval, and the number of heating temperature nodes transmitted; given the heating temperature segment set O = {o1, o2…o n }; Adjust the change in the heating temperature segment, and use the direction of the change in membership during the constraint sparse adjustment process. The constraint sparse is calculated by the ratio of the heating temperature segment that contains the necessary associated data in each change interval. The objective function B of the heating temperature segment change is: In the formula, m is the fuzzy coefficient, c is the number of change intervals, N is the number of data heating temperature segments, e if It is the data heating temperature segment Y f Adjust center G i The membership degree of if ≤1; ‖‖ is the standard Euclidean distance, To constrain sparseness; Constrained Sparse The calculation formula is: In the formula, DU h is a heating temperature segment subset in DUS, Lang(C i ) is the difference between Y and f The number of heating temperature segments for the associated data, Lang(DU h ) is DU h The number of heating temperature sections in the data.

3. The electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the improved fuzzy rules include: Step 1, using constraint fuzzy adjustment to adjust the variation of the heating temperature segment; Step 2: According to the adjustment result, establish the heating temperature segment change information vector threshold, and construct the vector threshold interval division control module; Step 3: divide and control the heating temperature segment variation based on the vector threshold interval division control module.

4. The electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: It is characterized in that In step 2, a vector threshold interval division control module is constructed, including: around the adjustment center G1, G2...G represented by the numerical data c Construct the heating temperature segment change vector threshold, and express the change vector threshold as YU = {D1, D2…D c }, c is the characteristic dimension of the variation.

5. The electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: The construction process of the change vector threshold is as follows: (1) Generate a heating temperature segment change vector threshold, and use the information vector threshold rule to generate the heating temperature segment change vector threshold. The heating temperature segment change vector threshold D i The structure is a super cube structure, and the calculation method for each dimension is In the formula, G ij G is the numerical center i The value of the jth dimension, μ is the threshold coefficient, bian j is the numerical variation range of the jth dimension of the original data value; (2) Reconstruct the original data points based on the heating temperature segment change vector threshold, from YU = [D1, D2…D c ] to reconstruct the data point Y f , the reconstructed data is an interval value, and the threshold value of the heating temperature segment change vector is optimized.

6. The electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 3, the category is determined based on the data points contained in the vector threshold. If a change vector threshold does not contain any labeled heating temperature segments, it is regarded as an unknown category and is not used in the division and regulation stage. For a vector threshold containing at least one labeled heating temperature segment, its change category is assigned based on the comparison of the number of differently labeled heating temperature segments.

7. The electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower according to claim 6, characterized in that: Set up a rule base at the package level and the heating temperature segment level, a division and control rule for a single heating temperature segment extracted from each heating temperature segment change vector threshold, and an identification rule for application behavior extracted from each change category; for a single heating temperature segment division and control, calculate the distance between the heating temperature segment and each heating temperature segment change vector threshold; the range of this example is 5%-10%.

8. The electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: For a new heating temperature section E = P b , if E∈D i , that is, within the change vector threshold, the label of the heating temperature segment E is recorded as Duan p .

9. An electric heating antifreeze system for an outdoor cooling water tower, characterized in that: The system implements the electric heating antifreeze method for an outdoor cooling water tower according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the system comprises: In order to prevent the pipeline from freezing and cracking, an electric heating rod (3) and a temperature sensor (4) are added to the water inlet (1) and the water outlet (2) of the water tower pipeline; a bypass water pipe (5) is added between the water inlet (1) and the water outlet (2), and a circulating water pump (6) is added to the bypass water pipe (5); and a chain switch (7) is also connected to the circulating water pump (6); The powered heating rod (3), the temperature sensor (4) and the interlocking switch (7) are all connected to a control system (8) via a signal line.

10. The electric heating antifreeze system for an outdoor cooling water tower according to claim 9, characterized in that: A water cooling spray pipe (9) is also installed on the upper part of the water tower, and the water cooling spray pipe (9) is connected to a cooling water pump (10); the water inlet pipe of the cooling water pump (10) is connected to the cooling water at the bottom of the water tower.

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