Battery box internal circuit protection device and protection method for vehicle battery energy storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery box internal circuit protection device and protection method for vehicle battery energy storage, and relates to the technical field of circuit protection, the battery box internal circuit protection device comprises a protection box, a multi-layer protection mechanism is arranged in the protection box, and the multi-layer protection mechanism is used for automatically cutting off a circuit power supply according to the circuit temperature. The multi-layer protection mechanism can also perform overheating protection on the surface of the circuit in the cutting process, the shape of the shape memory alloy rod is recovered to control the cutting board to automatically cut off the power supply when the temperature is too high, and the alarm lamp gives an alarm in the cutting process, so that the user is reminded of an overheating condition. Therefore, the user stops operating the vehicle before completely cutting off the power supply, accidents caused by sudden cutting off of the power supply are avoided, preventive protection for the user is achieved, the user can turn off some devices in time after receiving the alarm, energy loss in the circuit can be reduced, and the working temperature of the circuit is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit protection, and in particular to a circuit protection device and a protection method for an internal circuit of a battery box of a vehicle battery energy storage. Background Art

[0002] The vehicle battery is a complex system, mainly composed of battery cells, battery management systems and other auxiliary components. Usually, the circuit connects multiple battery cells to form a complete battery module or battery pack to realize the transmission and distribution of electric energy, and at the same time protect the battery cells, monitor the battery status and control the charging and discharging of the battery cells. However, in order to ensure the normal operation of electronic equipment or electric vehicles, the circuit is usually protected.

[0003] The existing circuit protection process also includes the following defects:

[0004] 1. When the circuit is installed, a temperature sensor is usually installed inside the battery box to detect the overall temperature of the circuit. The temperature sensor detects the circuit temperature to determine whether to cut off the power supply. However, since the temperature sensor itself cannot cut off the power supply, the protection mechanism needs to be triggered to cut off the power supply. During this process, the temperature sensor needs to transmit the signal. Since electromagnetic induction interference or electrostatic induction interference is likely to occur between the two circuits, the signal of the temperature sensor may be missed or falsely reported to the comparator due to interference, which may result in the probability that the protection mechanism will not start when the circuit temperature is high, leaving the risk of fire in the circuit.

[0005] 2. When the temperature sensor transmits a signal to the comparator, the signal needs to be compared with the threshold set by the comparator to control the activation of the protection mechanism. The control process is relatively prolonged. Therefore, when the circuit temperature is too high, it is difficult for the protection mechanism to protect the circuit in time, and it is easy for the components in the circuit to burn out or be damaged, which is not conducive to the normal use of the vehicle battery. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a circuit protection device and a protection method for the internal circuit of a battery box for vehicle battery energy storage, which can effectively solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention discloses a circuit protection device and method for the battery box internal circuit of a vehicle battery energy storage, comprising a protection box and an alarm light, wherein a multi-layer protection mechanism is arranged inside the protection box;

[0009] The multi-layer protection mechanism is used to automatically cut off the circuit power supply according to the circuit temperature and issue an early warning to the user during the cutting process. The multi-layer protection mechanism can also protect the circuit surface from overheating during the cutting process.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-layer protection mechanism includes a shape memory alloy rod and a control panel, the shape memory alloy rod is arranged inside the protection box, one end of the shape memory alloy rod located inside the protection box is fixedly connected to a cutting plate, one side of the cutting plate is hinged with a pressing plate, the side of the pressing plate close to the shape memory alloy rod is fixedly connected to an elastic strip, the end of the elastic strip away from the pressing plate is fixedly connected to the side of the cutting plate close to the shape memory alloy rod, the control panel is fixedly connected to the inside of the protection box, the side of the control panel close to the pressing plate is fixedly connected to an alarm switch, and the alarm switch is electrically connected to the alarm light.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cutting plate, a slide groove is provided inside the protective box, the guide block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove, an elastic column is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide block, and one end of the elastic column away from the guide block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, a mounting plate is fixedly connected inside the protection box, and a circuit switch is fixedly connected to a side of the mounting plate close to the cutting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a connecting frame is fixedly connected to one side of the cutting plate away from the pressing plate, and a transmission rack is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting frame away from the cutting plate. The transmission rack is slidably connected to the interior of the protective box, and a transmission gear is provided inside the protective box, and the transmission gear meshes with the transmission rack for transmission.

[0014] Furthermore, a transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the back side of the transmission gear, and the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the interior of the protection box, and an end of the transmission shaft away from the transmission gear is fixedly connected to a mounting shaft, and the mounting shaft is rotatably connected to the interior of the protection box, and a plurality of M-shaped drive plates are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting shaft, and a drainage tube is fixedly connected to the top of the protection box, and an end of the drainage tube away from the M-shaped drive plate is fixedly connected to a V-shaped protective plate, a drainage cavity is provided inside the V-shaped protective plate, and the V-shaped protective plate is connected to the drainage cavity, and the V-shaped protective plate is fixedly connected to the interior of the protection box, and a drainage hole is provided at the bottom end of the V-shaped protective plate, and the drainage hole is connected to the drainage cavity.

[0015] A method for protecting an internal circuit of a battery box of a vehicle battery energy storage comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Select high insulation and high temperature resistant materials and sealing structures to protect the internal circuit of the battery box;

[0017] Step 2: Select appropriate processing tools to coat the circuit boards and components with insulating materials and to perform anti-corrosion treatment on metal components;

[0018] Step 3: Use a fuse to protect the circuit from overcurrent;

[0019] Step 4: Install a protective device that has been treated with thermal protection for the circuit;

[0020] Step 5: Test the protective device and the protective capability of the battery box under different environments;

[0021] Step 6: Put into use after passing the test;

[0022] Step 7: If unqualified, rearrange protective measures.

[0023] Furthermore, the overheating protection process in the steps includes cutting off the circuit power supply process, lowering the circuit temperature process and issuing an early warning process to the user.

[0024] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. When the temperature is too high, the shape memory alloy rod restores its shape to control the cut-off plate to automatically cut off the power supply, and the alarm light sounds an alarm during the cut-off process, thereby reminding the user of overheating, and then the user stops operating the vehicle before completely cutting off the power supply to avoid accidents caused by sudden power cut-off, thereby achieving preventive protection for the user. After receiving the alarm, the user can turn off certain devices in time, which is conducive to reducing energy loss in the circuit, thereby reducing the operating temperature of the circuit, and reducing the mutual electromagnetic interference generated when multiple devices are started at the same time, improving the stability and reliability of the entire circuit, and cooling the circuit surface through the V-shaped protective plate and the M-shaped drive plate to reduce the probability of component burning or performance degradation, thereby protecting the internal circuit of the battery from overheating.

[0026] 2. The present invention adopts shape memory alloy material to make shape memory alloy rods. When the temperature is too high, the shape memory alloy itself can restore its shape when heated to drive the multi-layer protection mechanism to start. When the circuit is overheated, the shape memory alloy rod can quickly restore its shape, thereby quickly starting the multi-layer protection mechanism to reduce the high temperature time of the circuit, thereby accelerating the protection efficiency of the circuit and facilitating the long-term use of the circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention from another angle;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the multi-layer protection mechanism in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 The local three-dimensional structure of the multi-layer protection mechanism in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged structure diagram at A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 The local three-dimensional structure of the multi-layer protection mechanism in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged structure diagram at B in the middle;

[0035] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point C in the middle.

[0036] The numbers in the figure represent:

[0037] 1. Protective box; 2. Warning light;

[0038] Multi-layer protection mechanism: 31. Shape memory alloy rod; 32. Cutting plate; 33. Elastic strip; 34. Pressing plate; 35. Guide block; 36. Elastic column; 37. Mounting plate; 38. Circuit switch; 39. Control panel; 310. Alarm switch; 311. Connecting frame; 312. Transmission rack; 313. Transmission gear; 314. Transmission shaft; 315. Mounting shaft; 316. M-shaped driving plate; 317. Drainage tube; 318. V-shaped protection plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0041] The present embodiment provides a battery box internal circuit protection device and protection method for vehicle battery energy storage, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes a protection box 1 and an alarm light 2;

[0042] In view of the above-mentioned protection box 1, it can be specifically implemented as follows:

[0043] A multi-layer protection mechanism is arranged inside the protection box 1, which is used to automatically cut off the circuit power supply according to the circuit temperature and issue an early warning to the user during the cutting process. The multi-layer protection mechanism can also protect the circuit surface from overheating during the cutting process.

[0044] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the multi-layer protection mechanism includes a shape memory alloy rod 31 and a control panel 39. The shape memory alloy rod 31 is arranged inside the protection box 1. One end of the shape memory alloy rod 31 located inside the protection box 1 is fixedly connected to a cutting plate 32. A pressing plate 34 is hinged on one side of the cutting plate 32. A side of the pressing plate 34 close to the shape memory alloy rod 31 is fixedly connected to an elastic strip 33. An end of the elastic strip 33 away from the pressing plate 34 is fixedly connected to a side of the cutting plate 32 close to the shape memory alloy rod 31. The control panel 39 is fixedly connected to the inside of the protection box 1. The control panel 39 is fixedly connected to the side of the pressing plate 34 with an alarm switch 310, which is electrically connected to the alarm light 2. The bottom end of the cutting plate 32 is fixedly connected to a guide block 35. A slide groove is provided inside the protection box 1, and the guide block 35 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove. An elastic column 36 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide block 35, and one end of the elastic column 36 away from the guide block 35 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove. A mounting plate 37 is fixedly connected inside the protection box 1, and a circuit switch 38 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 37 close to the cutting plate 32. The shape memory alloy rod 31 is made of shape memory alloy material, so that the shape memory alloy rod 31 can quickly restore its shape when the circuit is overheated, thereby quickly starting the multi-layer protection mechanism and issuing an early warning to the user to reduce the workload generated by the circuit.

[0045] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a connecting frame 311 is fixedly connected to one side of the cutting plate 32 away from the pressing plate 34, and a transmission rack 312 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting frame 311 away from the cutting plate 32. The transmission rack 312 is slidably connected to the inside of the protective box 1, and a transmission gear 313 is arranged inside the protective box 1. The transmission gear 313 is meshed with the transmission rack 312 for transmission. A transmission shaft 314 is fixedly connected to the back of the transmission gear 313. The transmission shaft 314 is rotatably connected to the inside of the protective box 1, and the end of the transmission shaft 314 away from the transmission gear 313 is fixedly connected to the installation Axle 315, the installation shaft 315 is rotatably connected to the inside of the protection box 1, and a plurality of M-shaped drive plates 316 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the installation shaft 315. A drainage tube 317 is fixedly connected to the top of the protection box 1, and a V-shaped protective plate 318 is fixedly connected to the end of the drainage tube 317 away from the M-shaped drive plate 316. A drainage cavity is provided inside the V-shaped protective plate 318, and the V-shaped protective plate 318 is connected to the drainage cavity. The V-shaped protective plate 318 is fixedly connected to the inside of the protection box 1, and a drainage hole is provided at the bottom end of the V-shaped protective plate 318, and the drainage hole is connected to the drainage cavity. The circuit surface can be cooled by the V-shaped protective plate 318 and the M-shaped drive plate 316 to reduce the probability of component burnout or performance degradation.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses a shape memory alloy rod 31 made of shape memory alloy material. When the circuit is overheated, it can rely on the characteristic of the shape memory alloy itself to recover its shape when heated to control the activation of the multi-layer protection mechanism, thereby cutting off the circuit power supply when the circuit is overheated, and issuing an early warning to the user before cutting off, shutting down certain turned-on devices, and at the same time, cooling the circuit surface through the V-shaped protection plate 318 and the M-shaped drive plate 316, which is beneficial to reducing the probability of component burning or performance degradation, thereby protecting the internal circuit of the battery box from overheating and protecting the user from safety.

[0047] A method for protecting an internal circuit of a battery box of a vehicle battery energy storage comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Select high insulation and high temperature resistant materials and sealing structures to protect the internal circuit of the battery box;

[0049] Step 2: Select appropriate processing tools to coat the circuit boards and components with insulating materials and to perform anti-corrosion treatment on metal components;

[0050] Step 3: Use a fuse to protect the circuit from overcurrent;

[0051] Step 4: Install a protective device that has been treated with thermal protection for the circuit;

[0052] Step 5: Test the protective device and the protective capability of the battery box under different environments;

[0053] Step 6: Put into use after passing the test;

[0054] Step 7: If unqualified, rearrange protective measures.

[0055] In this embodiment, the overheat protection process in step 4 includes cutting off the circuit power supply process, lowering the circuit temperature process, and issuing an early warning process to the user.

[0056] Working principle:

[0057] Initial limit:

[0058] Before using the present invention, the user needs to install the warning light 2 inside the vehicle, and the installation position should be in the vehicle control room where the user can observe it later;

[0059] The user needs to install the end of the shape memory alloy rod 31 away from the cutting plate 32 on the circuit, and the initial state of the shape memory alloy rod 31 is a straightened state. Figure 3 The state shown in the middle shape memory alloy rod 31 is the state after deformation;

[0060] The user needs to electrically connect the circuit switch 38 to the circuit;

[0061] Multi-layer protection steps:

[0062] When the circuit generates heat due to operation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the shape memory alloy rod 31 will be affected by the heat generated on the circuit surface. The shape memory alloy rod 31 will recover to a straightened state by utilizing its own characteristic of recovering deformation when heated. At this time, the end of the shape memory alloy rod 31 close to the cutting plate 32 begins to move away from the drainage tube 317. When the end of the shape memory alloy rod 31 close to the cutting plate 32 moves away from the drainage tube 317, the cutting plate 32 drives the pressing plate 34 to move toward the mounting plate 37. When the cutting plate 32 moves toward the mounting plate 37, the pressing plate 34 drives the pressing plate 34 to move toward the control plate 39. When the pressing plate 34 moves toward the control plate 39, the pressing plate 34 presses the alarm switch 310, thereby turning on the alarm light 2, so that the alarm light 2 issues an early warning to the user, and the user can turn off certain devices on the vehicle in time after discovering the early warning, so as to reduce the current inside the circuit, reduce the mutual electromagnetic interference between multiple devices, and improve the stability and reliability of the entire circuit. When the cutting plate 32 moves toward the mounting plate 37, it presses the circuit switch 38, thereby cutting off the power supply of the circuit and stopping the circuit from working. Figure 3 As shown, the alarm switch 310 is located in front of the circuit switch 38, so the warning comes first and the power is cut off later, so that the user can reduce the speed of the vehicle after the warning, avoiding accidents caused by sudden power cut off of the circuit, thereby protecting the user and protecting the circuit from overheating;

[0063] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, when the cutting plate 32 approaches the mounting plate 37, it drives the connecting frame 311 away from the drainage tube 317. When the connecting frame 311 moves away from the drainage tube 317, it drives the transmission rack 312 away from the drainage tube 317. Since the transmission rack 312 is meshed with the transmission gear 313 for transmission, and the transmission gear 313 is fixed to the transmission shaft 314, the transmission shaft 314 is rotatably connected to the inside of the protection box 1, thereby limiting the transmission gear 313. Therefore, when the transmission rack 312 moves away from the drainage tube 317, it drives the transmission gear 313 to rotate counterclockwise. When the transmission gear 313 rotates counterclockwise, it drives the transmission shaft 314 to rotate counterclockwise. When the transmission shaft 314 rotates counterclockwise, it drives the installation shaft 315 to rotate counterclockwise. The installation shaft 315 rotates counterclockwise. When the clockwise rotation is performed, the M-shaped driving plate 316 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the peripheral airflow to flow through the rotation of the M-shaped driving plate 316, so that the peripheral airflow flows into the drainage tube 317. The design of the M-shaped driving plate 316 itself can reduce the energy loss of the airflow during the transmission process, and effectively guide the airflow into the drainage tube 317. After entering the drainage tube 317, the airflow gradually enters the drainage cavity in the V-shaped protective plate 318, and is ejected from the drainage holes to the circuit surface. The V-shape of the V-shaped protective plate 318 itself makes the drainage holes V-shaped, which helps to evenly cool the circuit surface, thereby reducing the operating temperature of the circuit, which is beneficial to reducing the heating time of the circuit and reducing the probability of component burnout or performance degradation.

[0064] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the cutting plate 32 drives the guide block 35 to slide in the slide groove inside the protection box 1 when approaching the mounting plate 37. The guide block 35 presses the elastic column 36 during the sliding process, causing the elastic column 36 to deform. When the shape memory alloy rod 31 recovers its shape and the circuit temperature drops to a stable temperature, the cutting plate 32 loses the power from the shape memory alloy rod 31, thereby causing the guide block 35 to lose power, so that the guide block 35 returns to the original position through the rebound force of the elastic column 36. Figure 5 The multi-layer protection mechanism is reset as a whole, and the circuit surface can still be cooled during the resetting process, which is beneficial to reducing the circuit operating temperature to the optimum and is beneficial to the long-term use of the circuit.

[0065] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery box internal circuit protection device for vehicle battery energy storage, characterized in that: It comprises a protection box (1) and an alarm light (2), wherein a multi-layer protection mechanism is arranged inside the protection box (1); The multi-layer protection mechanism is used to automatically cut off the circuit power supply according to the circuit temperature and issue an early warning to the user during the cutting process. The multi-layer protection mechanism can also protect the circuit surface from overheating during the cutting process.

2. The internal circuit protection device of a battery box for vehicle battery energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer protection mechanism comprises a shape memory alloy rod (31) and a control panel (39); the shape memory alloy rod (31) is arranged inside the protection box (1); one end of the shape memory alloy rod (31) located inside the protection box (1) is fixedly connected to a cutting plate (32); one side of the cutting plate (32) is hinged with a pressing plate (34); a side of the pressing plate (34) close to the shape memory alloy rod (31) is fixedly connected to an elastic strip (33); an end of the elastic strip (33) away from the pressing plate (34) is fixedly connected to a side of the cutting plate (32) close to the shape memory alloy rod (31); the control panel (39) is fixedly connected to the inside of the protection box (1); a side of the control panel (39) close to the pressing plate (34) is fixedly connected to an alarm switch (310); and the alarm switch (310) is electrically connected to an alarm light (2).

3. The internal circuit protection device of a battery box for vehicle battery energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the cutting plate (32) is fixedly connected with a guide block (35), a slide groove is provided inside the protection box (1), the guide block (35) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove, the outer surface of the guide block (35) is fixedly connected with an elastic column (36), and one end of the elastic column (36) away from the guide block (35) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove.

4. The internal circuit protection device of a battery box for vehicle battery energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting plate (37) is fixedly connected inside the protection box (1), and a circuit switch (38) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate (37) close to the cutting plate (32).

5. The internal circuit protection device of a battery box for vehicle battery energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting frame (311) is fixedly connected to one side of the cutting plate (32) away from the pressing plate (34); a transmission rack (312) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting frame (311) away from the cutting plate (32); the transmission rack (312) is slidably connected to the interior of the protection box (1); a transmission gear (313) is provided inside the protection box (1); and the transmission gear (313) is meshed with the transmission rack (312) for transmission.

6. The internal circuit protection device of a battery box for vehicle battery energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The back of the transmission gear (313) is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft (314), and the transmission shaft (314) is rotatably connected to the interior of the protection box (1). The end of the transmission shaft (314) away from the transmission gear (313) is fixedly connected to a mounting shaft (315), and the mounting shaft (315) is rotatably connected to the interior of the protection box (1). The outer surface of the mounting shaft (315) is fixedly connected to a plurality of M-shaped drive plates (316). The top of the protection box (1) is fixedly connected to a drainage tube (317), and the end of the drainage tube (317) away from the M-shaped drive plate (316) is fixedly connected to a V-shaped protective plate (318). A drainage cavity is provided inside the V-shaped protective plate (318), and the V-shaped protective plate (318) is connected to the drainage cavity. The V-shaped protective plate (318) is fixedly connected to the interior of the protection box (1), and a drainage hole is provided at the bottom end of the V-shaped protective plate (318), and the drainage hole is connected to the drainage cavity.

7. A method for protecting the internal circuit of a battery box of a vehicle battery energy storage, the method is based on the method for using the internal circuit protection device of a battery box of a vehicle battery energy storage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Select high insulation and high temperature resistant materials and sealing structures to protect the internal circuit of the battery box; Step 2: Select appropriate processing tools to coat the circuit boards and components with insulating materials and to perform anti-corrosion treatment on metal components; Step 3: Use a fuse to protect the circuit from overcurrent; Step 4: Install a protective device that has been treated with thermal protection for the circuit; Step 5: Test the protective device and the protective capability of the battery box under different environments; Step 6: Put into use after passing the test; Step 7: If unqualified, rearrange protective measures.

8. A method for protecting the internal circuit of a battery box of a vehicle battery energy storage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The overheat protection process in step 4 includes cutting off the circuit power supply, lowering the circuit temperature, and issuing an early warning to the user.

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