Energy storage device

Abstract

According to the technical scheme, the energy storage device is characterized in that the energy storage device comprises a box body, a plurality of battery clusters are arranged in the box body, heat-insulating shutter grids are arranged among the battery clusters, the shutter grids are arranged in parallel, the battery clusters are divided into independent cabins by the shutter grids, linkage assemblies which are synchronously opened and closed are arranged among the plurality of shutter grids, and the linkage assemblies are arranged in the independent cabins. The linkage assembly is connected with a power motor; the power motor is connected with a control unit, the control unit is connected with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is provided with a threshold value, and the threshold value range is 100-300 degrees; when the temperature sensor senses the temperature value of the threshold value, a starting signal is sent out; and after the control unit receives a starting signal, the power motor is controlled to close the shutter grating and separate the battery clusters after thermal runaway, so that the high-temperature interference of high temperature on the surrounding battery clusters is reduced, the situation that the adjacent battery clusters explode due to the high temperature is reduced, and the chain explosion reaction of the battery clusters is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and more particularly to an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] The energy storage device is used for energy storage and supply. It integrates the main battery box, cooling device, signal acquisition device and other functional structures. In order to ensure the insulation reliability of the entire energy storage device after assembly, the main battery box will be sealed.

[0003] Lithium batteries are the main unit of the battery box. They are stacked up and down in the rack to form a battery cluster, and then the battery clusters are arranged and placed in the energy storage device. Batteries in energy storage devices have the risk of thermal runaway; thermal runaway of lithium batteries is generally divided into three stages. In the primary stage, a passivation layer appears on the surface of the negative electrode, decomposing and releasing heat, and the temperature inside the battery rises, generally within 100 degrees; the second stage is the bulging stage, as the battery continues to release heat, the temperature remains between 250-300 degrees; the third stage is the fire and explosion stage, the temperature exceeds 300 degrees, and may even reach 1000 degrees.

[0004] In existing energy storage devices, if a battery cell in a battery cluster is in thermal runaway, it will continue to burn, generating high temperatures in the surrounding area, causing high-temperature interference to the surrounding battery clusters that are working normally, causing a chain explosion reaction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy storage device that isolates battery clusters after thermal runaway, reduces the high temperature interference of high temperature on surrounding battery clusters, reduces the occurrence of explosions of adjacent battery clusters caused by high temperature, and reduces the chain explosion reaction of battery clusters.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: An energy storage device comprises a box body, wherein a plurality of battery clusters are arranged in the box body, heat-insulating louver grilles are arranged between the battery clusters, the louver grilles are arranged in parallel, the louver grilles divide the battery clusters into independent compartments, a linkage component for synchronous opening and closing is provided between the plurality of louver grilles, the linkage component is connected to a power motor; the power motor is connected to a control unit, the control unit is connected to a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is provided with a threshold value, and the threshold value range is 100-300 degrees; when the temperature sensor senses that the temperature value is greater than or equal to the threshold value, a start signal is sent out; after receiving the start signal, the control unit controls the power motor to close the louver grilles.

[0007] Preferably, an air pump is provided in the box, and the air pump draws air toward the battery cluster, and the airflow flows along the louver grille to dissipate heat.

[0008] Preferably, the box body is provided with an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pump is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is equipped with an air inlet in the independent cabin; when the louver grille is closed, the exhaust pump sucks air out of the independent cabin.

[0009] Preferably, the louver grille is a metal grille, and fireproof bricks are laid on the louver grille; the linkage assembly is provided with a ratchet and a pawl for locking the louver grille in a closed state.

[0010] Preferably, a coolant delivery assembly is provided in the box body, the battery cluster includes a plurality of vertically arranged battery cells, the coolant delivery assembly includes perfluorohexanone as a coolant; the coolant delivery assembly is provided with a first branch pipe for circulating coolant, and the coolant delivery assembly is also provided with a second branch pipe with one end blocked; the first branch pipe is a cooling pipe, and is in contact with the outer wall of the battery cell; the second branch pipe is provided with a jet outlet facing the battery cell, and the jet outlet is sealed with a sealing layer by sealing glue, and the melting point of the sealing glue ranges from 100 to 250 degrees; the gap between the sealing layer and the outer wall of the battery cell is less than 10 mm, and when the temperature of the battery cell reaches the melting point of the sealing glue, the sealing glue melts and the sealing layer falls off to expose the jet outlet; the front and rear ends of the first branch pipe are respectively provided with a first solenoid valve and a first one-way valve, and the front end of the second branch pipe is provided with a second solenoid valve; the control unit connects the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve; if the control unit does not receive a start signal, the first solenoid valve is opened and the second solenoid valve is closed; when the control unit receives a start signal, the control unit controls the first solenoid valve to close, and controls the second solenoid valve to open.

[0011] The melting point of the sealing glue can be 120, 150 or 200 degrees, etc.

[0012] Preferably, an extruded inner tube is provided in the jet outlet, and the sealing glue is bonded to the inner tube.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing glue is hot-melt tin liquid, and the sealing layer is a tin sheet or a copper sheet.

[0014] Preferably, a placement rack is provided in the box body, and the battery unit is pulled out horizontally and placed on the placement rack; the second branch pipe is arranged in a semi-enclosed manner outside the battery unit.

[0015] Preferably, the second branch pipe is threadedly connected to three branch pipes, and the three branch pipes are placed in the rack, two branch pipes are located on both sides of the battery unit, and one branch pipe is located above the battery unit, and the ends of the branch pipes are facing the pull-out opening of the rack.

[0016] Preferably, the end of the branch pipe facing the draw-out port is a flat end, and the flat surface of the flat end faces the battery unit, and the flat end is located on one side of the jet port.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: (1) When the shutters are open, ventilation is provided between the battery clusters, providing the battery cells with a good air-cooling and heat dissipation environment. When a battery cell explodes, the shutters are driven by the control unit to rotate and block, preventing the heat and subsequent explosion aftermath from being transmitted to the surrounding battery clusters, thereby reducing the probability of chain explosions in adjacent battery clusters.

[0018] (2) The combination of the vacuum pump and the vacuum pipe has the following advantages: First, the combination of the open shutters, the vacuum pump and the vacuum pipe accelerates the airflow exchange of the battery cluster in the box, thereby improving the air cooling effect; second, after the shutters are closed to form an independent compartment, the vacuum pipe can extract as much air as possible from the location of the exploded battery cluster, thereby reducing the amount of combustion-supporting gas at the battery unit location. Reducing the combustion-supporting gas can slow down the rate of combustion and explosion of the battery unit.

[0019] (3) Traditional energy storage devices use top spray fire extinguishing. The battery cells are arranged vertically in a stacked manner. Due to the isolation of the upper battery cells, the top spray fire extinguishing effect on the battery cells that explode in the middle is poor. This design overcomes this defect, that is, a second branch pipe is used to set a closed jet outlet in each battery cell. After thermal runaway, the hot melt adhesive melts due to heat, and the coolant is sprayed from the jet outlet to the exploding battery cell, achieving efficient fire extinguishing at the fire source, thereby reducing the occurrence of chain explosions of battery clusters.

[0020] (4) Copper or tin sheets are used as the sealing layer, mainly because the thickness of the metal sheet is relatively thin and does not need to occupy too much space between the jet outlet and the battery cell, which is conducive to arranging more battery clusters in the box; secondly, because the second branch pipe is not injected with coolant in the early stage, the melting of the sealing layer will not be hindered by the heat conduction of the coolant.

[0021] (5) The inner tube guides the coolant to flow toward the battery cell, which is beneficial for fire extinguishing. Secondly, the inner tube increases the bonding surface between the sealing glue and the jet nozzle, thereby improving the connection firmness between the sealing layer and the second branch pipe.

[0022] (6) In this solution, the liquid in the second branch pipe will not be sprayed until the temperature sensor sends a signal. Therefore, when an employee replaces a battery cell and accidentally knocks the sealing glue off, the coolant will not be sprayed out of the nozzle, reducing the workload of cleaning the cold liquid in the above-mentioned error process.

[0023] (7) The threaded connection of the branch pipe facilitates its removal because the branch pipe is located inside the rack. If the operating space inside the rack is small, it is more convenient to repair the sealing layer of the nozzle after the branch pipe is removed. Secondly, after the fire extinguishing action occurs, the coolant will remain in the second branch pipe and is difficult to discharge. By opening the branch pipe where the bottom battery unit is located, the coolant can automatically flow out under the action of gravity, and the coolant that flows out can be collected and reused. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a front view schematic diagram of a box body in the embodiment; Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a box in the embodiment; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the shutter grille is opened; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the shutter grille being closed in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control unit principle in the embodiment; Figure 6 is a flow channel system diagram of the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe in the embodiment; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the battery unit and the branch pipe positions at the bottom of the placement rack in the embodiment; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single placement rack in the embodiment; Fig. 9 is a positional relationship diagram of the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe on the back of two placement racks in the embodiment; Fig.10 is an exploded schematic diagram of the jet outlet and the plugging layer in the embodiment; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the flat end in the branch pipe in the embodiment; Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the flat end in the battery unit in the embodiment; Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the flat end is located on one side of the branch center; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the branch pipes staggeredly installed in the packaging box in the embodiment.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Box body; 11. Independent cabin; 12. Door body; 2. Battery cluster; 21. Battery unit; 22. Storage rack; 3. Louver grille; 31. Fireproof brick; 32. Transition plate; 33. Connecting rod; 41. linkage assembly; 42. power motor; 43. ratchet; 44. pawl; 45. long shaft; 51. Air pump; 52. Air inlet; 61. control unit; 62. temperature sensor; 7. Coolant delivery assembly; 81, first branch pipe; 82, second branch pipe; 821, branch pipe; 822, inner pipe; 823, flat end; 824, threaded interface; 91. jet outlet; 92. plugging glue; 93. plugging layer; 101, first solenoid valve; 102, second solenoid valve; 103, first one-way valve; 201. Packing box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is combined with Figure 1-14 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0027] Embodiment 1, an energy storage device, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , comprising a box body 1, the box body 1 is a rectangular cabinet structure, and 5 isolation chambers are arranged in the box body 1 along the length direction.

[0028] The first one on the left is a cabin for placing the power source, which contains a power motor 42 and an air pump 51. The power motor 42 is a servo motor and can control the rotation angle, and is also provided with an independent door and ventilation window.

[0029] The second, third and fourth compartments on the left are independent compartments 11 for placing the battery clusters 2 .

[0030] The fifth cabin on the left is for placing electrical components, inverters and other charging and discharging equipment; a ventilation window is provided on the outer wall of the fifth cabin on the left.

[0031] Three battery clusters 2 are arranged in the box 1, and are separated by four heat-insulating louver grilles 3; the louver grilles 3 are arranged in parallel, and the louver grilles 3 divide the battery clusters 2 into three independent compartments 11 on the left, namely, the second, third and fourth compartments; Figure 2 In the embodiment, vertical plates are arranged at the front and rear positions of the box body 1, and a door body 12 is arranged on the vertical plate on one side. The door body 12 is used to open and close the independent cabin 11.

[0032] Structural reference of louver grille 3 Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 Provide explanation; Two vertical plates are installed at both ends of the louver grille 3; the louver grille 3 includes long strip louvers; For the shutters of a louver grille 3, the shutters arranged up and down rotate vertically on the transition plate 32 through the rotating shaft. The transition plate 32 is fixed on the vertical plate. The fixing method can be screw fixing, and the shutters arranged up and down rotate synchronously through the hinged connecting rod 33.

[0033] The shutters arranged up and down can form a partition wall when rotated and closed; when the shutters are opened, an air flow channel is formed, so that the air flow between the second, third, fourth and fifth cabins on the left can flow, realizing air heat dissipation; The shutters of a shutter grille 3 are synchronously linked by a rotationally connected connecting rod, so as long as one shutter rotates, all the shutters on the shutter grille 3 will rotate synchronously.

[0034] A synchronously opened and closed linkage assembly 41 is provided between the three louver grilles 3. The linkage assembly 41 is connected to a power motor 42. The specific structure is as follows: The rotating shaft of the top louver in the louver grille 3 extends out of the vertical plate, and the vertical plate is provided with a through hole for the rotating shaft to pass through and rotate; The power motor 42 is installed with a long shaft 45, and a linked bevel gear combination is provided between the long shaft 45 and the rotating shaft, and the bevel gear combination includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear; four first bevel gears are installed on the long shaft 45, and four second bevel gears are installed on the four louver grilles 3, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed.

[0035] The linkage assembly 41 includes a bevel gear assembly, a long shaft 45 and a rotating shaft; The power motor 42 controls the four louver grilles 3 through a combination of four bevel gears; Therefore, the power motor 42 is a servo motor that can control the rotation angle; after receiving the start signal, the power motor 42 is turned on, driving all the shutter grilles 3 to rotate synchronously to the closed position.

[0036] After the shutter grille 3 is closed, in order to prevent it from being loosened and opened, the linkage assembly 41 is provided with a ratchet 43 and a pawl 44 for locking the shutter grille 3 in a closed state; The ratchet 43 is installed on the long shaft 45, and the pawl 44 is rotatably connected to the middle plate. The middle plate is a plate between the left cabin 1 and the left cabin 2. The middle plate is fixed on the box body 1, and the power motor 42 is also installed on the middle plate.

[0037] The pawl 44 is provided with a torsion spring, so the one-way meshing performance of the ratchet 43 and the pawl 44 makes the louver grille 3 locked after closing, and the user needs to enter from the independent door of the first cabin to open the relationship between the ratchet 43 and the pawl 44 to unlock it.

[0038] The locking structure of the ratchet 43 and the pawl 44 is very meaningful because if a secondary explosion occurs in the battery, the impact will cause the shutters to vibrate, and the vibration of the shutters will drive the rotation of the long axis 45, resulting in gaps between the shutters. This will allow outside air to enter the burning battery along the vibrating gaps, causing the fire to intensify. The locked shutters can reduce the occurrence of this situation.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The power motor 42 is connected to a control unit 61, which is a single chip microcomputer or a PLC control module; the control unit 61 is electrically connected to a temperature sensor 62, which is provided in each independent compartment 11 where the battery cluster 2 is located. The temperature sensor 62 is used to detect the actual temperature in the independent compartment 11.

[0040] The temperature sensor 62 is provided with a threshold value, the threshold value is 240 degrees, and in other embodiments the threshold value may be 120 degrees, 150 degrees, 200 degrees or 250 degrees, etc.; When the temperature sensor 62 senses that the actual temperature value is greater than or equal to the threshold temperature value of 260, it sends a start signal. After receiving the start signal, the control unit 61 sends a start signal to the power motor 42 to control the power motor 42 to drive the long axis to rotate and close the louver grille 3.

[0041] Reference Figure 3-Figure 4 In order to improve the fireproof performance of the louver grille 3 during partition, the louver grille 3 is a metal grille, and fireproof bricks 31 are laid on the louver grille 3, and the fireproof bricks 31 are fixed on the louver by screws.

[0042] The box body 1 is provided with an air cooling device for improving the air cooling and heat dissipation performance of the battery cluster 2 for normal operation.

[0043] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 An air pump 51 is provided in the box body 1, and the air pump 51 is in the left chamber; the air pump 51 is installed on the middle plate, and the air pump 51 draws air to the battery cluster 2 position, so that the hot air in the box body 1 is extracted, and the outdoor air flow flows along the louver grille 3 to achieve heat dissipation; the specific structure is that a partition is provided on the top of the box body 1, and an air extraction pipe is provided in the partition, the air extraction pump 51 is connected to the air extraction pipe, and the outer wall of the pipe mouth of the air extraction pipe and the partition are sealed, so that the top of the independent chamber 11 can be isolated; the air extraction pipe is installed with an air inlet 52 in the independent cabin 11, and the air extraction pump 51 is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is located outside the box body 1.

[0044] For the partition at the top of the box body 1, the louver grille 3 and the lower surface of the partition are arranged adjacent to each other, and the exhaust pipe is located in the partition.

[0045] The beneficial effect is that when the battery burns and the louver grille 3 is closed, the vacuum pump 51 sucks out the air from the independent compartment 11, which can reduce the oxygen content in the independent compartment 11 and is beneficial for controlling the spread of the fire.

[0046] Working principle: After the battery explodes, a high temperature of more than 300 degrees is generated. After any temperature sensor 62 detects a temperature value greater than or equal to the threshold temperature, the control unit 61 receives a start signal, and the control unit 61 causes the power motor 42 to rotate all the louver grilles 3; for the position of the battery cluster 2, there are two vertical plate partitions in the front and back, with an interlayer plate on the top and a base on the bottom, so the louver grilles 3 separate the battery clusters 2 into independent units. By isolating the battery clusters 2, chain explosions between the battery clusters 2 due to high temperature are avoided, which is beneficial to controlling the spread of the fire; and in conjunction with the vacuum pump 51, the compartment where the isolated battery cluster 2 is located is evacuated to reduce the air content, which helps to further control the fire.

[0047] Embodiment 2, an energy storage device, which is different from Embodiment 1, refer to Figure 5-Figure 10 After isolating the fire, further fire extinguishing is required to control the fire and reduce the chain explosion between battery cells. This embodiment further illustrates the specific fire extinguishing structure.

[0048] Reference Figure 6 A coolant delivery assembly 7 is provided in the box 1, and the coolant delivery assembly 7 includes a compressor, a condenser, a coolant tank and a throttle valve which are sequentially connected, and the technology belongs to the prior art; in other embodiments, the coolant delivery assembly 7 can also be a simple coolant tank and a pump body, the pump body extracts the coolant and transports it outward, and the coolant tank returns the coolant; The coolant delivery assembly 7 is connected with a first branch pipe 81 and a second branch pipe 82 .

[0049] The cooling system of the first branch pipe 81 and the fire extinguishing system of the second branch pipe 82 share a coolant device, and the coolant supply of the two branches is switched and controlled by the following structure; The first branch pipe 81 is provided with a first solenoid valve 101 and a first one-way valve 103 at the front and rear ends respectively, and the second branch pipe 82 is provided with a second solenoid valve 102 at the front end; the control unit 61 is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve 101 and the second solenoid valve 102; and the control unit 61 sends opening and closing instructions to the first solenoid valve 101 and the second solenoid valve 102 based on the signal of the temperature sensor 62.

[0050] Specifically: When the temperature sensor 62 does not send a start signal and the control unit 61 does not receive a start signal, the first solenoid valve 101 is opened and the second solenoid valve 102 is closed, the coolant circulates between the coolant delivery assembly 7 and the first branch pipe 81, and the first one-way valve 103 is set to prevent the coolant from flowing back. When the battery explodes, the temperature sensor 62 sends a start signal when it detects that the temperature is greater than the threshold. After receiving the start signal, the control unit 61 sends a control signal to the first solenoid valve 101 and the second solenoid valve 102. The control unit 61 controls the first solenoid valve 101 to close and the control unit 61 controls the second solenoid valve 102 to open. At this time, the coolant flows toward the second branch pipe 82.

[0051] Furthermore, after the battery cell 21 explodes, the sealing glue 92 is melted by the high temperature of more than 300 degrees, and the coolant flows toward the opened jet port 91 and sprays out, thereby accurately extinguishing the exploded battery cell 21 .

[0052] In other embodiments, the throttle valve is an electronically controlled throttle valve; the control unit 61 is electrically connected to control the electronically controlled throttle valve. When the temperature sensor 62 sends a start signal, the control unit 61 receives the temperature sensor 62, and the control unit 61 sends an electrical signal to the electronically controlled throttle valve. After receiving the electrical signal, the electronically controlled throttle valve opens the valve to the maximum. This design allows the coolant in the second branch pipe 82 to flow quickly.

[0053] The coolant delivery assembly 7 includes perfluorohexanone as the coolant; the perfluorohexanone in the coolant tank also helps to control the fire because the perfluorohexanone does not generate an oxidant when heated.

[0054] Reference Figure 7-Figure 9 , the first branch pipe 81 provides cooling to the battery cluster 2; Reference Figure 7-10 The connection structure between the second branch pipe 82 and the battery cluster 2 is as follows, which is used to extinguish the fire of the battery cluster 2 after the explosion. The main body of the second branch pipe 82 is arranged to extend from bottom to top in the battery cluster 2; The specific structure is: the battery cluster 2 includes a placement rack 22, which is installed in the box body 1; the placement rack 22 is a metal rack, provided with four vertical plates, the vertical plates are fixed with multiple horizontal plates for receiving battery units, and the horizontal plates arranged up and down form a partition; The battery cluster 2 includes six vertically arranged battery cells 21. A limited track is installed on the transverse plate of the placement rack 22. The battery cells 21 can be pulled out transversely along the track and placed on the placement rack 22. In order to facilitate heat dissipation of the battery cells 21, the height of the track is only 1 cm.

[0055] The coolant conveying assembly 7 is provided with a first branch pipe 81 for circulating coolant. The first branch pipe 81 is a copper pipe for cooling and is attached to the back outer wall of the battery unit 21. The coolant conveying assembly 7 circulates perfluorohexanone to the first branch pipe 81 to cool down the battery cluster 2 that is working normally.

[0056] The coolant delivery assembly 7 is also provided with a second branch pipe 82 with one end blocked; the end of the second branch pipe 82 is blocked, so the coolant does not flow back into the coolant delivery assembly 7; The purpose of the second branch pipe 82 is to provide accurate fire extinguishing treatment to the exploded battery unit 21; The second branch pipe 82 includes a branch pipe 821 connected by threads. A threaded interface 824 is provided between the branch pipe 821 and the main body of the second branch pipe 82. At the threaded interface 824, the thickness of the branch pipe 821 and the second branch pipe 8 is increased to provide internal and external threads.

[0057] The branch pipes 821 are arranged in groups of three corresponding to the battery cells, two branch pipes 821 are located on both sides of the battery cell 21, and one branch pipe 821 is located above the battery cell 21; the branch pipes 821 are straight round tubes, and the branch pipes 821 point to the pull-out opening of the placement rack 22, so that the branch pipes 821 can be rotated and removed at the pull-out opening as needed.

[0058] The branch pipes 821 are connected to each other through the main pipe of the second branch pipe 82 .

[0059] The branch pipe 821 is provided with a jet outlet 91 toward the battery unit 21. The jet outlet 91 is sealed with a sealing layer 93 by a sealing glue 92. The sealing glue 92 is solidified into a tin bar. After hot melting, the tin bar is a tin liquid for bonding. The gap between the sealing layer 93 and the outer wall of the battery unit 21 is 1.5 mm. The 1.5 mm spacing is set to be close to the fire source so that the sprayed liquid can extinguish the fire faster. Secondly, it is also conducive to reducing the overall frame volume of the placement rack 22, so that more battery clusters 2 can be placed in the box 1. Such a reasonable spatial layout can not only meet the needs of convenient disassembly of the branch pipe 821, rapid fire extinguishing of the battery, and effective reduction of the overall volume of the placement rack 22 to facilitate the arrangement of more battery clusters 2.

[0060] For the upper air duct 821, its jet outlet 91 faces the center of the upper surface of the battery unit 21. This design is conducive to cooling the battery unit 21 from the center to the surroundings, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0061] Obviously, the three branch pipes 821 are arranged on both sides and the upper end of the battery unit 21, forming a semi-enclosed layout of the branch pipe 821 to the battery unit 21, and the opening of the semi-enclosed structure of the second branch pipe 82 faces the pull-out opening of the placement rack 22; the semi-enclosed layout enables the branch pipe 821 to have multiple injection points, which can increase the fire extinguishing effect, and the pulled-out battery unit 21 is convenient to take and put in the semi-enclosed layout.

[0062] The jet port 91 faces the battery cell 21 , and the coolant can be accurately sprayed onto the battery cell 21 .

[0063] The jet outlet 91 is automatically opened after the battery unit 21 explodes, and the specific structure is as follows.

[0064] Branch pipe 821 is a metal pipe, such as a copper pipe or stainless steel, with a melting point above 1000 degrees; The jet port 91 is blocked by a blocking layer 93, which is a tin sheet or a copper sheet, and then sealed and fixed by a blocking glue 92, which is hot-melt tin liquid; in other embodiments, the blocking glue 92 is a fusible alloy, such as a tin-bismuth alloy, which has a melting point of 138°C.

[0065] When using a copper sheet for plugging, apply heated tin liquid around the copper sheet, and then attach it to the branch pipe 821, so that the copper sheet and the branch pipe 821 are fixed, and the solidified tin liquid seals the jet port 91; In other embodiments, when tin sheet is used for sealing, a ring-shaped electric heating wire is used to melt the outer portion of the tin sheet and then the tin sheet is directly attached to the branch pipe 821 to seal the jet port 91. The advantage is that the sealing material is single and the sealing process is simple.

[0066] Reference Figure 7-10 , an inner tube 822 is provided in the jet outlet 91, and the inner tube 822 is formed by extrusion of the branch tube 821 when the jet outlet 91 is opened; the inner tube 822 has two functions; first, the wall thickness of the branch tube 821 is relatively small, and the hot-melt plugging glue 92 mainly utilizes the outer wall of the branch tube 821 and the plugging layer 93 to bond, and the adhesion between the two is relatively small, and the plugging layer 93 is easy to fall off after being hit, and the setting of the inner tube 822 allows the plugging glue 92 to contact and bond with the inner tube 822 when it is squeezed and infiltrated into the jet outlet 91, so that the plugging glue 92 forms two intersecting bonding surfaces after being fixed, so that the plugging layer 93 and the branch tube 821 are more firmly bonded and not easy to fall off under impact; Secondly, the inner tube 822 guides the coolant spraying, so that the coolant can be sprayed toward the coolant in a concentrated manner. When the inner tube 822 is not provided, the coolant is dispersed when sprayed along the jet outlet 91 under the action of the coolant pressure, and part of the liquid drips down along the jet outlet 91, and cannot be completely sprayed toward the exploded battery cell 21. This is because the water outlet trajectory of the jet outlet 91 is unstable. Under the guidance of the inner tube 822, the liquid is sprayed within the stable trajectory of the inner tube 822, and is sprayed more accurately and comprehensively at the position of the battery cell 21, thereby improving the fire extinguishing performance. The working principle is that the first branch pipe 81 is used for cooling the battery when it is working normally, and the second branch pipe 82 is used for directional fire extinguishing after the battery explodes.

[0067] This embodiment 2 has one of the following effects: (2.1) The liquid spraying action of the second branch pipe 82 is achieved by the melting of the sealing glue 92 and the infusion of the coolant delivery component 7, as follows: during normal charging, the coolant cools down the battery cell 21; after the thermal explosion, due to the switching of the two solenoid valves, the coolant flows to the second branch pipe 82. The initial state of the second branch pipe 82 is blocked. When the sealing glue 92 of the battery cell 21 at the explosion site is heated and melted, the jet port 91 opens, and the coolant in the second branch pipe 82 will flow to the opened jet port 91, thereby realizing efficient fire extinguishing for the fire source.

[0068] (2.2) The rapid opening of the jet port 91 in the present design depends on the high temperature of the fire source and the closed design of the second branch pipe 82. First, high temperature melting can open the jet port 91. Second, when the second branch pipe 82 is in a closed state at the beginning, the coolant cannot flow in the second branch pipe 82. Instead, it will compress the air in the second branch pipe 82. At this time, the sealing layer 93 is loosened by heat and squeezed by the internal compressed gas, and the jet port 91 is opened, so that the coolant quickly flows to the jet port 91, thereby achieving efficient fire extinguishing for the fire source.

[0069] (2.3) The gap between the sealing layer 93 and the outer wall of the battery cell 21 is 1.5 mm. In other embodiments, it can be 2, 4, 6, or 8 mm. This has two effects. The first is to facilitate the jet port 91 to approach the battery cell 21 and quickly extinguish the fire by accurately spraying the coolant to the battery cell 21. The second is that the proximity to the heat source facilitates the rapid heat-off and shedding of the sealing layer 93. In particular, the explosion of a thermal runaway battery generates an impact force on the adjacent sealing layer 93, further accelerating the shedding rate of the sealing layer 93, allowing the coolant to quickly reach the battery cell 21, thereby improving the fire-extinguishing efficiency.

[0070] (2.4) The tin layer is used as a hot melt adhesive. As a single metal, tin has a melting point of 231.89 degrees. The temperature of thermal explosion of the battery is above 300 degrees, so the tin can be melted quickly. Secondly, the cost of using tin for sealing is relatively low. The material cost of the tin layer of the nozzle 91 is less than 1 yuan. Secondly, tin is a more commonly used hot-melt metal material and is relatively convenient to purchase.

[0071] (2.5) An independent closed cabin and fire extinguishing for exploded batteries can reduce the waste of spraying fire extinguishing fluid on other battery clusters 2. In addition, since there is no fire in the cabin where other battery clusters 2 are located and no coolant is sprayed, after the fire, the user only needs to repair and clean the battery cluster 2 at the explosion site, making it more convenient for employees to repair and maintain.

[0072] Embodiment 3, an energy storage device, which is different from Embodiment 2 in that, referring to Figure 11-12 The end of the branch pipe 821 facing the drawer opening is a flat end 823, and the flat end 823 is arranged near the drawer opening. When the flat end 823 is rotated, the tool body of the staff can be outside the placement rack 22, so the operation space is larger and the operation is more convenient.

[0073] The flat end 823 is located at one side of the jet outlet 91, so that the staff can observe the position of the jet outlet 91 at the drawer port. The flat end 823 is formed by extrusion at the end of the branch pipe 821. The flat end 823 has two flat surfaces, one of which faces the same direction as the jet port 91, that is, facing the battery unit 21. This solution accelerates fire extinguishing and reduces the occurrence of battery chain explosions by isolating the burning battery and providing a fast and accurate spray setting for the burning battery.

[0074] For further optimization, refer to Figure 13-14 The branch pipe 821 is a circular tube as a whole, and the branch pipe 821 is provided with a symmetry plane in the axial direction, and the central axis of the branch pipe 821 is on the symmetry plane. Fig.13 The dotted line in The flat surface of the flat end 823 and the symmetry plane are arranged in parallel, and the flat end 823 is located on one side of the symmetry plane, and the distance between the flat end 823 and the symmetry plane is greater than the thickness of the flat end 823; Therefore, when the flat ends 823 of the two branch pipes 821 are arranged facing each other for packaging, the two flat ends 823 can be arranged alternately. The advantage of this design is that the branch pipe 821 is bonded with a sealing layer. In order to prevent the sealing layer from falling off due to impact during transportation, the branch pipe 821 is installed in an independent packaging box 201. The packaging box 201 has a buffer pad, and the branch pipe 821 is embedded in the groove of the buffer pad. The staggered design of the two flat ends 823 in this design can reduce the space occupied by the branch pipe 821 in the length direction of the packaging box 201. When the same branch pipe 821 is installed, the volume of the packaging box 201 is reduced, thereby improving the transportation efficiency of the branch pipe 821.

[0075] Fig.13 In the figure, the flat end 823 is deflected away from the side of the sealing layer; because the sealing layer is toward the battery cell, the space between the flat end 823 that is offset in the opposite direction and the battery cell is further increased, which is convenient for air circulation. With the assistance of the top pipe exhaust, the air flow exchange efficiency near the battery cell is improved, thereby improving the air cooling effect of the battery.

[0076] The design of the flat end 823 is an optimized design based on the small space of the placement rack 22 and the need to replace the branch pipe 821 of the placement rack 22 after the fire is extinguished. This embodiment 3 has one of the following effects: (3.1), the space inside the placement rack 22 is small, and the cross-section of the circular tube part of the branch pipe 821 is large. It is difficult for maintenance personnel to rotate the circular tube part of the branch pipe 821 with their fingers, and it is difficult to unscrew the branch pipe 821. The flat end 823 greatly reduces the cross-sectional area, which makes it easier for maintenance personnel to grasp the end of the branch pipe 821 and make rotation more convenient.

[0077] (3.2) Some branch pipes 821 have threads that are screwed too tightly during installation, and it is difficult for maintenance personnel to rotate the flat end 823. In this case, pliers or other tools can be used. The flat end 823 is relatively narrow, unlike the branch pipe 821 main body, which has a larger cross-section and is difficult to clamp. Therefore, maintenance personnel can use pliers to clamp the flat end 823 and then rotate the branch pipe 821, so as to facilitate the unscrewing of the branch pipe 821 that is clamped too tightly.

[0078] (3.3) When the branch pipe 821 is not flattened, part of the coolant will fill the branch pipe 821 at the front end of the jet outlet 91 when flowing toward the jet outlet 91, delaying the contact time between the coolant and the flame and delaying the fire. After the end of the branch pipe 821 is flattened, the front end is compacted and the space for accommodating the coolant is omitted, so that the coolant flowing toward the jet outlet 91 can be completely sprayed toward the battery cell 21, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect and reducing the waste of coolant.

[0079] (3.4) The flat end 823 design reduces the obstruction area from the end of the branch pipe 821 to the position of the jet outlet 91, making it easier for the staff to quickly observe the specific position of the jet outlet 91 at the drawer of the placement rack 22. When the staff places the battery cell 21 on the placement rack 22, the sealing layer 93 can be clearly observed, which makes it easier for the staff to actively avoid the battery cell 21 and the sealing layer 93, thereby reducing the occurrence of the sealing layer 93 being hit and falling off during the process of taking and placing the battery cell 21.

[0080] (3.5), when the flat end 823 is not provided, part of the heat will be transferred and consumed in the air in the end of the branch pipe 821; the flat end 823 can compress the space at the end of the branch pipe 821. When the end of the branch pipe 821 is heated, the heat can be quickly transferred along the pipe wall of the branch pipe 821 to the position of the jet port 91, reducing the process of heat energy consumption by the air at the end of the pipe, thereby accelerating the opening of the jet port 91. Comparatively speaking, the flat end 823 can also accelerate the opening of the jet port 91.

[0081] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, comprising a box (1), characterized in that: A plurality of battery clusters (2) are arranged in the box body (1), heat-insulating louver grilles (3) are arranged between the battery clusters (2), the louver grilles (3) are arranged in parallel, the louver grilles (3) divide the battery clusters (2) into independent compartments (11), and a synchronously opened and closed linkage assembly (41) is arranged between the plurality of louver grilles (3), and the linkage assembly (41) is connected to a power motor (42); The power motor (42) is connected to a control unit (61), the control unit (61) is connected to a temperature sensor (62), and the temperature sensor (62) is provided with a threshold value, and the threshold value range is 100-300 degrees; When the temperature sensor (62) senses that the temperature value is greater than or equal to a threshold value, a start signal is issued; After receiving the start signal, the control unit (61) controls the power motor (42) to close the shutter grille (3).

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air pump (51) is provided in the box body (1), and the air pump (51) draws air toward the battery cluster (2), and the airflow flows along the louver grille (3) to dissipate heat.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box body (1) is provided with an air extraction pipe, an air extraction pump (51) is connected to the air extraction pipe, and an air inlet (52) is installed in the independent chamber (11); When the shutter grille (3) is closed, the air pump (51) sucks air out of the independent chamber (11).

4. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shutter grille (3) is a metal grille, and fireproof bricks (31) are laid on the shutter grille (3); the linkage assembly (41) is provided with a ratchet (43) and a ratchet pawl (44) for locking the shutter grille (3) in a closed state.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling liquid transmission component (7) is provided in the box body (1), the battery cluster (2) comprises a plurality of vertically arranged battery cells (21), and the cooling liquid transmission component (7) comprises perfluorohexanone as a cooling liquid; The cooling liquid transmission component (7) is provided with a first branch pipe (81) for circulating cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid transmission component (7) is also provided with a second branch pipe (82) with one end blocked; The first branch pipe (81) is a cooling pipe and is attached to the outer wall of the battery unit (21); The second branch pipe (82) is provided with a jet outlet (91) facing the battery unit (21), the jet outlet (91) is sealed with a sealing layer (93) by using a sealing glue (92), and the melting point of the sealing glue (92) is in the range of 100-250 degrees; The gap between the sealing layer (93) and the outer wall of the battery unit (21) is less than 10 mm, and when the temperature of the battery unit (21) reaches the melting point of the sealing glue (92), the sealing glue (92) melts and drops the sealing layer (93) to expose the jet outlet (91); A first solenoid valve (101) and a first one-way valve (103) are respectively disposed at the front and rear ends of the first branch pipe (81), and a second solenoid valve (102) is disposed at the front end of the second branch pipe (82); The control unit (61) is connected to the first solenoid valve (101) and the second solenoid valve (102); The control unit (61) does not receive a start signal, the first solenoid valve (101) is opened, and the second solenoid valve (102) is closed; When the control unit (61) receives the start signal, the control unit (61) controls the first solenoid valve (101) to close and controls the second solenoid valve (102) to open.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing glue (92) is hot-melt tin liquid, and the sealing layer (93) is a tin sheet or a copper sheet.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An extruded inner tube (822) is arranged inside the jet outlet (91), and the plugging glue (92) is bonded to the inner tube (822).

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A placement rack (22) is provided in the box body (1), the battery unit (21) is drawn out horizontally and placed on the placement rack (22), and the second branch pipe (82) is arranged in a semi-enclosed manner outside the battery unit (21).

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second branch pipe (82) is threadedly connected to three branch pipes (821), the three branch pipes (821) are placed in the rack (22), two branch pipes (821) are located on both sides of the battery unit (21), and one branch pipe (821) is located above the battery unit (21), and the end of the branch pipe (821) faces the drawer opening of the placement rack (22).

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the branch pipe (821) facing the draw-out port is a flat end (823), and the flat surface of the flat end (823) faces the battery unit (21), and the flat end (823) is located on one side of the jet port (91).

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