Output adjustment method and device considering dynamic characteristics of unit, and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an output adjustment method and device considering dynamic characteristics of a unit, and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an output model according to operation data of a power system; wherein the output model comprises an objective function and a constraint set, the objective function is established according to unit output and power flow distribution, and the constraint set is established according to a first constraint set about optimized operation of the power system and an equipment operation expression set; and solving the output model to obtain the unit output of the power system in each time period, and adjusting the power system. According to the output adjustment method and device considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit and the medium provided by the invention, the constraint set and the target function are established by considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit in actual operation, so that the output model is constructed and solved, and the output of the unit is obtained to dynamically adjust and optimize a power system. The problem that it is difficult to consider dynamic characteristics of a unit in actual operation and carry out effective power dispatching on a power system can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power grid power generation, and in particular to an output adjustment method, device and medium taking into account the dynamic characteristics of a unit. Background Art

[0002] Power dispatching plays a vital role in the power system. It optimizes the allocation of power resources by comprehensively considering the power generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of the power system. In the case of tight power resources, power dispatching can give priority to the power demand of important users and key areas, and ensure the rational allocation and utilization of power resources. At the same time, power dispatching can also achieve the optimal allocation and sharing of power resources through cross-regional power trading and dispatching. Traditional power dispatching methods rely on static models to work, and achieve the optimal operation of the power system through load forecasting, unit combination and output distribution, power grid flow calculation and other means.

[0003] However, since the static model mainly focuses on the equilibrium state of the system at a specific moment and fails to fully consider the changes and dynamic characteristics of the system over time, the scheduling plan formulated under the static model may not accurately reflect the upper and lower limits of the unit's output in actual operation, which may easily lead to unreasonable setting of reserve capacity and directly affect the effectiveness of the reserve capacity and system safety. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an output adjustment method, device and medium taking into account the dynamic characteristics of a unit, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to consider the dynamic characteristics of the unit in actual operation and to effectively dispatch power to the power system.

[0005] Obtaining operation data of power system;

[0006] Establishing an output model according to the operation data; wherein the output model includes an objective function and a constraint set, the objective function is established according to the unit output and power flow distribution, and the constraint set is established according to the first constraint set on the optimal operation of the power system and the equipment operation expression set;

[0007] The output model is solved to obtain the unit output of the power system in each time period, and the power system is adjusted according to the unit output.

[0008] The present invention constructs the objective function directly based on the unit output and flow distribution, which ensures that the model is closely linked to the actual operating status of the power system; wherein, the unit output reflects the production capacity of the power generation equipment, and the flow distribution reflects the flow of electric energy in the power network. Therefore, these two are used as the core elements of the objective function, so that the established model can more accurately reflect the actual operating status of the power system, thereby improving the practicality and accuracy of the model. The constraint set in the output model includes a first constraint set and a set of equipment operation expressions for the optimal operation of the power system, so that the preset safety constraints are incorporated into the model, so that the scheduling plan is carried out under the premise of satisfying these constraints, which helps to prevent the power system from overloading, congestion and other safety problems during operation, and ensure the stable operation of the system. The establishment and solution process of the output model takes into account the dynamic characteristics and real-time changes of the power system, so it can respond to various emergencies and load changes more flexibly.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention establishes a constraint set and an objective function by considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit in actual operation, thereby constructing and solving the output model, and obtaining the unit output to dynamically adjust and optimize the power system, so that the power system can better adapt to emergencies such as load fluctuations and unit failures. Therefore, it can solve the problem of difficulty in considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit in actual operation and effectively dispatching the power system.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the objective function is established based on the unit output and power flow distribution, specifically:

[0011] Based on the operation data, the unit operation cost is calculated according to the output of several units in the power system in each time period;

[0012] Accumulating the power flow slack variables of several lines and sections in the power system in each time period according to a preset penalty form to obtain the line power flow slack variable cost and the section power flow slack variable cost;

[0013] The objective function is established according to the unit operation cost, the line power flow relaxation variable cost and the section power flow relaxation variable cost.

[0014] This optimization scheme not only takes into account the unit operating costs, but also incorporates the power flow slack variable costs of the line and section, so as to more comprehensively reflect the actual operating costs of the power system. Moreover, by comprehensively considering multiple factors, it can provide a more accurate decision-making basis for the optimal dispatch and operation of the power system, which helps to maximize economic and social benefits.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the constraint set is established based on the first constraint set on the optimal operation of the power system and the device operation expression set, specifically:

[0016] Based on the operation data, a first constraint set for optimized operation and dispatch of the power system is established, and a set of equipment operation expressions for equipment output and startup is established; wherein the first constraint set includes unit operation constraints and power grid transmission constraints;

[0017] The constraint set is composed of the first constraint set and the device operation expression set.

[0018] This optimization scheme can avoid overload, voltage instability and other faults in the power system during the optimization operation and dispatch process through the constraint effect of the constraint set, ensuring the stable operation of the system. The equipment operation expression set can accurately describe the operating status and characteristics of each device in the power system, provide more detailed information support for optimization decisions, and further improve the accuracy of decisions.

[0019] As a preferred solution, based on the operation data, a first constraint set on the optimal operation and dispatch of the power system is established, specifically:

[0020] Based on the operation data, according to the output of a single unit and a group of units in the power system, establishing the unit operation constraints including upper and lower limit constraints of unit output and upper and lower limit constraints of group output;

[0021] By limiting the power flow on the power transmission line of the power grid to not exceed its rated capacity and limiting the power flow transmission amount of the transmission channel, the power grid transmission constraints including line power flow constraints and section power flow constraints are established;

[0022] The first constraint set on the optimal operation and dispatch of the power system is composed of the unit operation constraints and the power grid transmission constraints.

[0023] In this preferred solution, the upper and lower limits of the unit output and the upper and lower limits of the unit group output can ensure that the individual units and the unit group operate within a safe output range, preventing equipment damage or system instability caused by excessive or insufficient output. Line flow constraints and section flow constraints can limit the flow of power transmission lines and transmission channels of the power grid to not exceed their rated capacity, prevent overload operation of the power grid, and reduce the risk of line failures and power outages.

[0024] As a preferred solution, the line power flow constraint is specifically:

[0025]

[0026] in, is the power transmission limit of line l; G l-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where unit i is located to line l, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, K is the number of nodes in the system, Gl-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to line l, D k,t is the bus load value of node k in period t, and are the forward power flow slack variables and reverse power flow slack variables of line l respectively.

[0027] As a preferred solution, the objective function is specifically:

[0028]

[0030] Where N is the total number of units; T is the total number of time periods considered, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, C i,t (P i,t ) represents the operating cost of unit i in period t, represents the startup cost of unit i, M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and are the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively, and NS is the total number of sections.

[0031] The present application also provides an output adjustment device that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of the unit, including a data module, a model module and an adjustment module;

[0032] Wherein, the data module is used to obtain the operation data of the power system;

[0033] The model module is used to establish an output model according to the operation data; wherein the output model includes an objective function and a constraint set, the objective function is established according to the unit output and power flow distribution, and the constraint set is established according to the first constraint set on the optimal operation of the power system and the equipment operation expression set;

[0034] The adjustment module is used to solve the output model, obtain the unit output of the power system in each time period, and adjust the power system according to the unit output.

[0035] As a preferred solution, the model module includes an operation unit, a flow unit and a combination unit;

[0036] Wherein, the operation unit is used to calculate the unit operation cost based on the operation data and the output of several units in the power system in each time period;

[0037] The power flow unit is used to accumulate power flow relaxation variables of several lines and sections in the power system in each time period according to a preset penalty form to obtain line power flow relaxation variable costs and section power flow relaxation variable costs;

[0038] The combination unit is used to establish the objective function according to the unit operation cost, the line flow relaxation variable cost and the section flow relaxation variable cost.

[0039] As a preferred solution, the model module includes a constraint unit and a composition unit;

[0040] The constraint unit is used to establish a first constraint set on the optimized operation and dispatch of the power system based on the operation data, and to establish a set of equipment operation expressions on equipment output and startup; wherein the first constraint set includes unit operation constraints and power grid transmission constraints;

[0041] The composition unit is used to form the constraint set from the first constraint set and the device operation expression set.

[0042] As a preferred solution, based on the operation data, a first constraint set on the optimal operation and dispatch of the power system is established, specifically:

[0043] Based on the operation data, according to the output of a single unit and a group of units in the power system, establishing the unit operation constraints including upper and lower limit constraints of unit output and upper and lower limit constraints of group output;

[0044] By limiting the power flow on the power transmission line of the power grid to not exceed its rated capacity and limiting the power flow transmission amount of the transmission channel, the power grid transmission constraints including line power flow constraints and section power flow constraints are established;

[0045] The first constraint set on the optimal operation and dispatch of the power system is composed of the unit operation constraints and the power grid transmission constraints.

[0046] As a preferred solution, the line power flow constraint is specifically:

[0047]

[0048] in, is the power transmission limit of line l; G l-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where unit i is located to line l, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, K is the number of nodes in the system, G l-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to line l, D k,t is the bus load value of node k in period t, and are the forward power flow slack variables and reverse power flow slack variables of line l respectively.

[0049] As a preferred solution, the objective function is specifically:

[0050]

[0052] Where N is the total number of units; T is the total number of time periods considered, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, C i,t (P i,t ) represents the operating cost of unit i in period t, represents the startup cost of unit i, M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and are the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the positive and negative flow relaxation variables and the reverse flow relaxation variables of section s respectively, and NS is the total number of sections.

[0053] The present application also provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. The computer program is called and executed by a computer to implement the output adjustment method considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of an output adjustment method considering the dynamic characteristics of a unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an output adjustment device that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of a unit provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the term "first" is used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "several" means two or more.

[0058] The output adjustment method considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit provided in the embodiment of the present application is mainly used in situations where it is necessary to consider the upper and lower limits of the unit group and to effectively dispatch the power system, thereby improving the effectiveness of the reserve capacity and the safety of the system.

[0059] Embodiment 1:

[0060] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides an output adjustment method considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit, including S1 to S3, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0061] S1. Obtaining the operation data of the power system.

[0062] Step S1 of the embodiment of the present application is specifically as follows:

[0063] Obtaining operation data of power system;

[0064] Among them, operating data include three categories: system data, unit data and safety data; system data mainly include data such as system load, bus load and system backup demand; unit data mainly include upper and lower limits of unit output, upper limit of unit climbing capability, unit initial output and upper and lower limits of unit group output; safety data mainly include upper and lower limits of section line transmission capacity.

[0065] S2. Establish an output model based on the operation data; wherein the output model includes an objective function and a constraint set, the objective function is established based on the unit output and power flow distribution, and the constraint set is established based on the first constraint set on the optimal operation of the power system and the equipment operation expression set.

[0066] Step S2 of the embodiment of the present application includes S2.1 to S2.3; specifically, it is:

[0067] S2.1. Based on the operation data, the unit operation cost is calculated according to the output of several units in the power system at different time periods;

[0068] Accumulate the power flow relaxation variables of several lines and sections in the power system in each period according to the preset penalty form to obtain the line power flow relaxation variable cost and the section power flow relaxation variable cost;

[0069] The objective function F is established based on the unit operation cost, line flow relaxation variable cost and section flow relaxation variable cost.

[0070] Among them, the objective function is:

[0071]

[0072] Where N is the total number of units; T is the total number of time periods considered, where every 15 minutes on D day is a time period, 96 time periods are considered, and D+1 day considers two time periods, namely the peak and the valley of load, so T is 98; P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t; C i,t (P i,t ) represents the operating cost of unit i in time period t, which is a multi-segment linear function related to the output ranges reported by the unit and the corresponding energy prices; represents the startup cost of unit i; M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and are the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and the reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively, and NS is the total number of sections;

[0073] Indicates the unit operating cost, represents the line power flow slack variable cost, Represents the cross-section power flow relaxation variable cost.

[0074] In this embodiment S2.1, not only the unit operation cost is considered, but also the power flow relaxation variable cost of the line and section is included, so as to more comprehensively reflect the actual operation cost of the power system. Moreover, by comprehensively considering multiple factors, a more accurate decision-making basis can be provided for the optimal dispatch and operation of the power system, which helps to maximize the economic and social benefits.

[0075] S2.2. Establishing balance constraints based on the supply and demand balance requirements of the power system at a preset time;

[0076] Establish system spare capacity constraints based on system reliability requirements for dealing with sudden failures or load growth;

[0077] Based on the operation data, according to the output of individual units and groups of units in the power system, establish unit operation constraints including upper and lower limit constraints of unit output and upper and lower limit constraints of group output;

[0078] By limiting the power flow on the power transmission line to not exceed its rated capacity and limiting the power flow transmission volume of the transmission channel, power transmission constraints including line power flow constraints and section power flow constraints are established;

[0079] The first constraint set for optimal operation and dispatch of the power system is composed of balance constraints, system reserve capacity constraints, unit operation constraints and power grid transmission constraints.

[0080] The specific constraints are:

[0081] ① The equilibrium constraint is:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t; D t is the system load during period t, which has deducted the net power supplied by the interconnection line.

[0084] ②The system reserve capacity constraint is:

[0085] The system reserve capacity constraint is composed of the system positive reserve capacity constraint after considering the unit group output constraint and the system negative reserve capacity constraint after considering the unit group output constraint;

[0086] Among them, the system positive reserve capacity constraint after considering the unit group output constraint is:

[0087]

[0088] After considering the output constraint of the generator group, the system negative reserve capacity constraint is:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, when the unit is shut down: α i,t =0, through this constraint condition, the unit output can be limited to 0; when the unit is turned on: α i,t =1, this constraint is the conventional upper and lower limit constraint of output; and They represent the minimum and maximum output of unit i in period t respectively; UG represents the set of all unit groups, NG represents the total number of unit groups, and UG j represents the unit group j, represents the maximum adjustable output of unit group j in period t, D t is the system load during period t, is the system positive reserve capacity requirement for period t;

[0091] represents the minimum adjustable output of unit group j in period t, is the system negative reserve capacity requirement for period t.

[0092] ③ The upper and lower limits of the unit output are:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, when the unit is shut down: α i,t =0, through this constraint condition, the unit output can be limited to 0; when the unit is turned on: α i,t =1, this constraint is the conventional upper and lower limit constraint of output;

[0095] and They represent the minimum and maximum output of unit i in period t, respectively, P i,t Represents the output of unit i in period t.

[0096] ④ The upper and lower limits of the unit group output are:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, when the unit is shut down: α i,t =0, through this constraint condition, the unit output can be limited to 0; when the unit is turned on: α i,t =1, this constraint is the conventional upper and lower limit constraint of output;

[0099] represents the maximum adjustable output of unit group j in period t, represents the minimum adjustable output of unit group j in period t, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, UG j Represents unit group j.

[0100] ⑤The line flow constraint is:

[0101]

[0102] in, is the power transmission limit of line l; G l-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where unit i is located to line l, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, K is the number of nodes in the system, G l-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to line l, D k,t is the bus load value of node k in period t, and are the forward power flow slack variables and reverse power flow slack variables of line l respectively.

[0103] ⑥ The cross-section flow constraint is:

[0104]

[0105] in, and are the minimum and maximum power flow transmission limits of section s, respectively, G s-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where unit i is located to section s, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, G s-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor for node k to section s, D k,t is the bus load value of node k in period t, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively.

[0106] In this embodiment S2.2, the upper and lower limits of the unit output and the upper and lower limits of the unit group output can ensure that the single unit and the unit group operate within a safe output range, preventing equipment damage or system instability caused by excessive or insufficient output. The line flow constraint and the section flow constraint can limit the flow of the power transmission lines and transmission channels of the power grid to not exceed their rated capacity, prevent the power grid from overloading, and reduce the risk of line failures and power outages.

[0107] S2.3. Based on the operation data, establish a set of equipment operation expressions about equipment output and startup; wherein the set of equipment operation expressions includes unit output expression, unit operation cost expression and unit startup cost expression;

[0108] The constraint set is formed by the first constraint set and the device operation expression set;

[0109] The output model is established based on the objective function F and the constraint set.

[0110] The specific operation expressions of each device are as follows:

[0111] ① The unit output expression is:

[0112]

[0113] Among them, M is the total number of sections of the unit quotation, P i,t,m It is the mth output segment range declared by unit i in period t.

[0114] ② The expression of unit operating cost is:

[0115]

[0116] Among them, M is the total number of sections of the unit quotation, C i,t,mis the energy price corresponding to the mth output segment declared by unit i in period t, P i,t,m It is the mth output segment range declared by unit i in period t.

[0117] ③ The expression of unit startup cost is:

[0118]

[0119] in, is the single startup cost of unit i, η i,t Indicates whether unit i switches to the startup state during period t.

[0120] In this embodiment S2.3, through the constraint effect of the constraint set, the power system can avoid overload, voltage instability and other faults during the optimization operation and dispatch process, ensuring the stable operation of the system. The equipment operation expression set can accurately describe the operating status and characteristics of each device in the power system, provide more detailed information support for optimization decisions, and further improve the accuracy of decisions.

[0121] S3. Solve the output model to obtain the unit output of the power system in each period, and adjust the power system according to the unit output.

[0122] Step S3 of the embodiment of the present application is specifically as follows:

[0123] Based on the output model, using the preset mathematical optimization algorithm or heuristic algorithm, under a given set of constraints, find the unit output plan that makes the objective function F reach the optimal level, and obtain the unit output of the power system in each period;

[0124] Adjust the power system according to the unit output.

[0125] Overall, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0126] This application constructs the objective function directly based on the unit output and flow distribution, which ensures that the model is closely linked to the actual operating status of the power system; among them, the unit output reflects the production capacity of the power generation equipment, and the flow distribution reflects the flow of electric energy in the power network. Therefore, these two are used as the core elements of the objective function, so that the established model can more accurately reflect the actual operating status of the power system, thereby improving the practicality and accuracy of the model. The constraint set in the output model includes the first constraint set and the equipment operation expression set for the optimal operation of the power system, so that the preset safety constraints are incorporated into the model, so that the scheduling plan is carried out under the premise of meeting these constraints, which helps to prevent the power system from overloading, congestion and other safety problems during operation, and ensure the stable operation of the system. The establishment and solution process of the output model takes into account the dynamic characteristics and real-time changes of the power system, so it can respond to various emergencies and load changes more flexibly.

[0127] Therefore, this application establishes a constraint set and objective function by considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit in actual operation, thereby constructing and solving the output model, and obtaining the unit output to dynamically adjust and optimize the power system, so that the power system can better adapt to emergencies such as load fluctuations and unit failures. Therefore, it can solve the problem of difficulty in considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit in actual operation and effectively dispatching power to the power system, and can improve the effectiveness of the reserve capacity and system safety.

[0128] Embodiment 2:

[0129] See also Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present application provides an output adjustment device considering the dynamic characteristics of a unit, comprising a data module 10, a model module 20 and an adjustment module 30;

[0130] Wherein, the data module 10 is used to obtain the operation data of the power system;

[0131] Model module 20, used to establish an output model according to the operation data; wherein the output model includes an objective function and a constraint set, the objective function is established according to the unit output and power flow distribution, and the constraint set is established according to the first constraint set on the optimal operation of the power system and the equipment operation expression set;

[0132] The adjustment module 30 is used to solve the output model, obtain the unit output of the power system in each time period, and adjust the power system according to the unit output.

[0133] In one embodiment, the data module 10 is specifically:

[0134] Obtaining operation data of power system;

[0135] Among them, operating data include three categories: system data, unit data and safety data; system data mainly include data such as system load, bus load and system backup demand; unit data mainly include upper and lower limits of unit output, upper limit of unit climbing capability, unit initial output and upper and lower limits of unit group output; safety data mainly include upper and lower limits of section line transmission capacity.

[0136] In one embodiment, the model module 20 includes an operation unit, a flow unit, a combination unit, a balance subunit, a capacity subunit, an operation subunit, a transmission subunit and a constraint subunit, an expression unit and a composition unit; specifically:

[0137] The operation unit is used to calculate the unit operation cost based on the operation data and the output of several units in the power system in each time period;

[0138] The power flow unit is used to accumulate the power flow relaxation variables of several lines and sections in the power system in each time period according to a preset penalty form to obtain the line power flow relaxation variable cost and the section power flow relaxation variable cost;

[0139] The combination unit is used to establish the objective function F according to the unit operation cost, the line flow relaxation variable cost and the section flow relaxation variable cost.

[0140] Among them, the objective function is:

[0141]

[0142] Where N is the total number of units; T is the total number of time periods considered, where every 15 minutes on D day is a time period, 96 time periods are considered, and D+1 day considers two time periods, namely the peak and the valley of load, so T is 98; P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t; C i,t (P i,t ) represents the operating cost of unit i in time period t, which is a multi-segment linear function related to the output ranges reported by the unit and the corresponding energy prices; represents the startup cost of unit i; M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and are the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and the reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively, and NS is the total number of sections;

[0143] Indicates the unit operating cost, represents the line power flow slack variable cost, Represents the cross-section power flow relaxation variable cost.

[0144] The operation unit, power flow unit and combination unit of this embodiment not only consider the unit operation cost, but also include the power flow slack variable cost of the line and section, so as to more comprehensively reflect the actual operation cost of the power system. Moreover, by comprehensively considering multiple factors, it can provide a more accurate decision-making basis for the optimal dispatch and operation of the power system, which helps to maximize the economic and social benefits.

[0145] A balancing subunit, used to establish balancing constraints according to the supply and demand balancing requirements of the power system at a preset time;

[0146] The capacity subunit is also used to establish system spare capacity constraints according to the system reliability requirements for dealing with sudden failures or load growth;

[0147] The operation subunit is used to establish unit operation constraints including upper and lower limit constraints of unit output and upper and lower limit constraints of unit group output based on the operation data and the output size of individual units and groups of units in the power system;

[0148] The transmission subunit is used to establish power grid transmission constraints including line power flow constraints and section power flow constraints by limiting the power flow on the power grid transmission line to not exceed its rated capacity and limiting the power flow transmission amount of the transmission channel;

[0149] The constraint subunit is used to form a first constraint set on the optimal operation and dispatch of the power system consisting of balance constraints, system reserve capacity constraints, unit operation constraints and power grid transmission constraints.

[0150] The specific constraints are:

[0151] ① The equilibrium constraint is:

[0152]

[0153] Among them, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t; D t is the system load during period t, which has deducted the net power supplied by the interconnection line.

[0154] ②The system reserve capacity constraint is:

[0155] The system reserve capacity constraint is composed of the system positive reserve capacity constraint after considering the unit group output constraint and the system negative reserve capacity constraint after considering the unit group output constraint;

[0156] Among them, the system positive reserve capacity constraint after considering the unit group output constraint is:

[0157]

[0158] After considering the output constraint of the generator group, the system negative reserve capacity constraint is:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, when the unit is shut down: α i,t =0, through this constraint condition, the unit output can be limited to 0; when the unit is turned on: α i,t =1, this constraint is the conventional upper and lower limit constraint of output; and They represent the minimum and maximum output of unit i in period t respectively; UG represents the set of all unit groups, NG represents the total number of unit groups, and UG j represents the unit group j, represents the maximum adjustable output of unit group j in period t, D t is the system load during period t, is the system positive reserve capacity requirement for period t;

[0161] represents the minimum adjustable output of unit group j in period t, is the system negative reserve capacity requirement for period t.

[0162] ③ The upper and lower limits of the unit output are:

[0163]

[0164] Among them, when the unit is shut down: α i,t =0, through this constraint condition, the unit output can be limited to 0; when the unit is turned on: α i,t =1, this constraint is the conventional upper and lower limit constraint of output;

[0165] and They represent the minimum and maximum output of unit i in period t, respectively, P i,t Represents the output of unit i in period t.

[0166] ④ The upper and lower limits of the unit group output are:

[0167]

[0168] Among them, when the unit is shut down: α i,t =0, through this constraint condition, the unit output can be limited to 0; when the unit is turned on: α i,t =1, this constraint is the conventional upper and lower limit constraint of output;

[0169] represents the maximum adjustable output of unit group j in period t, represents the minimum adjustable output of unit group j in period t, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, UG j Represents unit group j.

[0170] ⑤The line flow constraint is:

[0171]

[0172] in, is the power transmission limit of line l; G l-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where unit i is located to line l, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, K is the number of nodes in the system, G l-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to line l, D k,t is the bus load value of node k in period t, and are the forward power flow slack variables and reverse power flow slack variables of line l respectively.

[0173] ⑥ The cross-section flow constraint is:

[0174]

[0175] in, and are the minimum and maximum power flow transmission limits of section s, respectively, G s-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where unit i is located to section s, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, G s-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor for node k to section s, D k,t is the bus load value of node k in period t, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively.

[0176] In the balancing subunit, capacity subunit, operation subunit, transmission subunit and constraint subunit of this embodiment, the upper and lower limits of the unit output and the upper and lower limits of the unit group output can ensure that the single unit and the unit group operate within a safe output range, and prevent equipment damage or system instability caused by excessive or insufficient output. Line flow constraints and section flow constraints can limit the flow of power transmission lines and transmission channels of the power grid to not exceed their rated capacity, prevent overload operation of the power grid, and reduce the risk of line failures and power outages.

[0177] An expression unit, used to establish a device operation expression set about device output and startup based on the operation data; wherein the device operation expression set includes a unit output expression, a unit operation cost expression and a unit startup cost expression;

[0178] A constituting unit, configured to constitute a constraint set from the first constraint set and the device operation expression set;

[0179] The constituent unit is also used to establish an output model according to the objective function F and the constraint set.

[0180] The specific operation expressions of each device are as follows:

[0181] ① The unit output expression is:

[0182]

[0183] Among them, M is the total number of sections of the unit quotation, P i,t,m It is the mth output segment range declared by unit i in period t.

[0184] ② The expression of unit operating cost is:

[0185]

[0186] Among them, M is the total number of sections of the unit quotation, C i,t,m is the energy price corresponding to the mth output segment declared by unit i in period t, P i,t,m It is the mth output segment range declared by unit i in period t.

[0187] ③ The expression of unit startup cost is:

[0188]

[0189] in, is the single startup cost of unit i, η i,t Indicates whether unit i switches to the startup state during period t.

[0190] The expression unit and the constituent unit of this embodiment can avoid overload, voltage instability and other faults in the power system during the optimization operation and dispatch process through the constraint effect of the constraint set, and ensure the stable operation of the system. The equipment operation expression set can accurately describe the operating status and characteristics of each device in the power system, provide more detailed information support for optimization decision-making, and further improve the accuracy of decision-making.

[0191] In one embodiment, the adjustment module 30 is specifically:

[0192] Based on the output model, using the preset mathematical optimization algorithm or heuristic algorithm, under a given set of constraints, find the unit output plan that makes the objective function F reach the optimal level, and obtain the unit output of the power system in each period;

[0193] Adjust the power system according to the unit output.

[0194] Overall, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0195] This application constructs the objective function directly based on the unit output and flow distribution, which ensures that the model is closely linked to the actual operating status of the power system; among them, the unit output reflects the production capacity of the power generation equipment, and the flow distribution reflects the flow of electric energy in the power network. Therefore, these two are used as the core elements of the objective function, so that the established model can more accurately reflect the actual operating status of the power system, thereby improving the practicality and accuracy of the model. The constraint set in the output model includes the first constraint set and the equipment operation expression set for the optimal operation of the power system, so that the preset safety constraints are incorporated into the model, so that the scheduling plan is carried out under the premise of meeting these constraints, which helps to prevent the power system from overloading, congestion and other safety problems during operation, and ensure the stable operation of the system. The establishment and solution process of the output model takes into account the dynamic characteristics and real-time changes of the power system, so it can respond to various emergencies and load changes more flexibly.

[0196] Therefore, this application establishes a constraint set and objective function by considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit in actual operation, thereby constructing and solving the output model, and obtaining the unit output to dynamically adjust and optimize the power system, so that the power system can better adapt to emergencies such as load fluctuations and unit failures. Therefore, it can solve the problem of difficulty in considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit in actual operation and effectively dispatching power to the power system, and can improve the effectiveness of the reserve capacity and system safety.

[0197] Embodiment three:

[0198] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the output adjustment method considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit;

[0199] Wherein, the output adjustment method considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0200] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting output considering the dynamic characteristics of a unit, characterized in that: include: Obtaining operation data of power system; Establishing an output model according to the operation data; wherein the output model includes an objective function and a constraint set, the objective function is established according to the unit output and power flow distribution, and the constraint set is established according to the first constraint set on the optimal operation of the power system and the equipment operation expression set; The output model is solved to obtain the unit output of the power system in each time period, and the power system is adjusted according to the unit output.

2. The method for adjusting the output considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The objective function is established based on the unit output and power flow distribution, specifically: Based on the operation data, the unit operation cost is calculated according to the output of several units in the power system in each time period; Accumulating the power flow slack variables of several lines and sections in the power system in each time period according to a preset penalty form to obtain the line power flow slack variable cost and the section power flow slack variable cost; The objective function is established according to the unit operation cost, the line power flow relaxation variable cost and the section power flow relaxation variable cost.

3. The method for adjusting the output considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constraint set is established based on the first constraint set on the optimal operation of the power system and the device operation expression set, specifically: Based on the operation data, a first constraint set for optimized operation and dispatch of the power system is established, and a set of equipment operation expressions for equipment output and startup is established; wherein the first constraint set includes unit operation constraints and power grid transmission constraints; The constraint set is composed of the first constraint set and the device operation expression set.

4. The method for adjusting the output considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the operation data, a first constraint set for optimal operation and dispatch of the power system is established, specifically: Based on the operation data, according to the output of a single unit and a group of units in the power system, establishing the unit operation constraints including upper and lower limit constraints of unit output and upper and lower limit constraints of group output; By limiting the power flow on the power transmission line of the power grid to not exceed its rated capacity and limiting the power flow transmission amount of the transmission channel, the power grid transmission constraints including line power flow constraints and section power flow constraints are established; The first constraint set on the optimal operation and dispatch of the power system is composed of the unit operation constraints and the power grid transmission constraints.

5. The method for adjusting the output considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The line power flow constraints are specifically: Among them, P l max is the power transmission limit of line l; G l-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where unit i is located to line l, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, K is the number of nodes in the system, G l-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to line l, D k,t is the bus load value of node k in period t, and are the forward power flow slack variables and reverse power flow slack variables of line l respectively.

6. The method for adjusting the output considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The objective function is specifically: Where N is the total number of units; T is the total number of time periods considered, P i,t represents the output of unit i in period t, C i,t (P i,t ) represents the operating cost of unit i in period t, represents the startup cost of unit i, M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and are the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively, and NS is the total number of sections.

7. An output adjustment device considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit, characterized in that: Includes data module, model module and adjustment module; Wherein, the data module is used to obtain the operation data of the power system; The model module is used to establish an output model according to the operation data; wherein the output model includes an objective function and a constraint set, the objective function is established according to the unit output and power flow distribution, and the constraint set is established according to the first constraint set on the optimal operation of the power system and the equipment operation expression set; The adjustment module is used to solve the output model, obtain the unit output of the power system in each time period, and adjust the power system according to the unit output.

8. The output adjustment device considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The model module includes an operation unit, a flow unit and a combination unit; Wherein, the operation unit is used to calculate the unit operation cost based on the operation data and the output of several units in the power system in each time period; The power flow unit is used to accumulate power flow relaxation variables of several lines and sections in the power system in each time period according to a preset penalty form to obtain line power flow relaxation variable costs and section power flow relaxation variable costs; The combination unit is used to establish the objective function according to the unit operation cost, the line flow relaxation variable cost and the section flow relaxation variable cost.

9. The output adjustment device considering the dynamic characteristics of the unit as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The model module includes a constraint unit and a composition unit; The constraint unit is used to establish a first constraint set on the optimized operation and dispatch of the power system based on the operation data, and to establish a set of equipment operation expressions on equipment output and startup; wherein the first constraint set includes unit operation constraints and power grid transmission constraints; The composition unit is used to form the constraint set from the first constraint set and the device operation expression set.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, which is called and executed by a computer to implement an output adjustment method considering the dynamic characteristics of a unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 above.

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