Low-orbit satellite communication method, device and system and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a low earth orbit satellite communication method, device and system and a storage medium, which are applied to the technical field of satellite communication, and the method comprises the following steps: receiving an uplink resource request sent by user section equipment through ground section equipment; the uplink resource request comprises a service requirement of the user section equipment; sending an uplink transmission permission to the user segment equipment according to the uplink resource request, and receiving a cache state report sent by the user segment equipment; the cache state report is used for representing the data transmission state of the user section equipment; determining an uplink transmission resource allocated to the user section equipment according to the cache state report and a data transmission state, estimated in the flight window time, of the low-orbit satellite; sending a first downlink control instruction to the user section equipment; the first downlink control instruction comprises an uplink transmission resource and is used for indicating the user section equipment to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the construction cost of the ground base station can be reduced and the communication coverage can be enlarged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to a low-orbit satellite communication method, device, system and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of Internet of Things technology and the rapid popularization of mobile terminals, the construction of Internet of Things for mobile terminals is also developing rapidly. Through Internet of Things technology, communication between any terminal and the network can be realized, which greatly facilitates people's work and life.

[0003] At present, when communicating through the Internet of Things technology, most of them are based on the Internet of Things communication network built on the ground, that is, base stations and supporting transmission networks are established on the ground, and terminals can communicate with the network through the base stations.

[0004] However, the current ground-based communication network is limited by objective conditions for base stations and supporting transmission networks, which makes the cost of building base stations in remote areas very high. In addition, the ground-based communication network is easily affected by natural disasters and man-made damage to infrastructure. Therefore, the current ground-based communication network has the problems of insufficient communication coverage and high construction costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a low-orbit satellite communication method, device, system and storage medium, which are used to solve the defects of insufficient communication coverage and high construction cost of the communication network based on ground construction in the prior art, realize the communication between the low-orbit satellite in the space segment and the user segment equipment through the ground segment equipment, and dynamically allocate uplink transmission resources to the user segment equipment according to the cache status report of the user segment equipment and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, so that the user segment equipment can perform satellite communication with the low-orbit satellite in any environment without the need to build a base station on the ground, thereby reducing the construction cost of the ground-based communication network and increasing the communication coverage through the low-orbit satellite network.

[0006] The present invention provides a low-orbit satellite communication method, which is applied to a low-orbit satellite in a space segment, comprising: receiving an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device via a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes a service demand of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; Sending an uplink transmission grant to a user segment device according to an uplink resource request, and receiving a buffer status report sent by the user segment device; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; Determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; A first downlink control instruction is sent to the user segment device; the first downlink control instruction includes an uplink transmission resource, and the first downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource.

[0007] According to a low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention, the data transmission status of the user segment device includes a first data amount required to be transmitted by the user segment device, the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time includes a second data amount that can be transmitted by the low-orbit satellite within the flight time window, and the uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time is determined, including: Determining a remaining amount of data that can be transmitted by the user segment device according to the first amount of data and the second amount of data; According to the remaining data amount, uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device are determined from the transmission resources of the low-orbit satellite.

[0008] According to a low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention, before receiving the buffer status report sent by the user segment device, the method further includes: Determine the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the service demand of the user segment device; or determine the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the network status of the low-orbit satellite; the above-mentioned target scheduling mode includes a scheduling-free mode or a satellite scheduling mode; If the target scheduling mode is a scheduling-free mode, a second downlink control instruction is sent to the user segment device; the second downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to communicate with the low-orbit satellite on a preset transmission resource; If the target scheduling mode is the satellite scheduling mode, the process returns to the step of receiving the buffer status report sent by the user segment device.

[0009] According to a low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention, the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is determined according to the service requirements of the user segment device, including: Determine the service attributes corresponding to the user segment device according to the service requirements of the user segment device; the above service attributes are used to characterize whether the service of the user segment device is a low-latency service; If the service attribute of the user segment device is a low-latency service, the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is determined to be a scheduling-free mode; If the service attribute of the user segment device is a non-low-latency service, it is determined that the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is a satellite scheduling mode.

[0010] According to a low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention, the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device are determined according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, including: Determine a characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device according to an uplink message of the user segment device; the uplink message includes an uplink resource request and / or a cache status report; According to the characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device, the target device type corresponding to the user segment device is determined in a preset fingerprint library; the above fingerprint library includes a correspondence between multiple different characteristic fingerprints and device types; Determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device based on the target device type, cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time.

[0011] According to a low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention, the above-mentioned determining the characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device according to the uplink message of the user segment device includes: The uplink message is identified by using an organizational unique identifier MAC OUI identification method to obtain first device information corresponding to the user segment device; The management information base (MIB) information of the user segment device is read by using the simple network management protocol query SNMP Query identification method, and the second device information corresponding to the user segment device is determined according to the MIB information; the second device information is not completely the same as the first device information; The first device information and the second device information are combined to determine a characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device.

[0012] The present invention also provides a low-orbit satellite communication method, which is applied to user segment equipment, comprising: Sending an uplink resource request to a low-orbit satellite in the null point segment through a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the business needs of a user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; receiving an uplink transmission permission sent by a low-orbit satellite and sending a buffer status report to the low-orbit satellite; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; receiving a first downlink control instruction sent by a low-orbit satellite; the first downlink control instruction includes an uplink transmission resource allocated to a user segment device, the uplink transmission resource being determined by the low-orbit satellite according to a buffer status report and a data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within a flight window time; Transmit uplink data to low-orbit satellites on uplink transmission resources.

[0013] The present invention also provides a low-orbit satellite communication device, which is applied to a low-orbit satellite in a space segment, comprising: A request receiving module, used to receive an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device via a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes a service demand of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; A report receiving module, used to send an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receive a buffer status report sent by the user segment device; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; A resource determination module, configured to determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; The instruction sending module is used to send a first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; the above-mentioned first downlink control instruction includes an uplink transmission resource, and the first downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource.

[0014] The present invention also provides a low-orbit satellite communication device, which is applied to user segment equipment, comprising: A request sending module is used to send an uplink resource request to a low-orbit satellite in the null point segment through a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the business needs of a user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; A report sending module, used to receive an uplink transmission permission sent by a low-orbit satellite and send a buffer status report to the low-orbit satellite; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; The command receiving module is used to receive a first downlink control command sent by the low-orbit satellite; the first downlink control command includes an uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device, and the uplink transmission resource is determined by the low-orbit satellite according to a buffer status report and a data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within a flight window time; The data transmission module is used to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resources.

[0015] The present invention also provides a low-orbit satellite communication system, comprising a low-orbit satellite in a space segment, ground segment equipment and user segment equipment connected in sequence; The user segment device is used to send an uplink resource request to the ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the service requirements of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; Ground segment equipment, used to send uplink resource requests to low-orbit satellites; A low-orbit satellite is used to receive an uplink resource request and send an uplink transmission permit to a user segment device through a ground segment device according to the uplink resource request; The user segment device is further used to receive an uplink transmission permission and send a buffer status report to the ground segment device; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; Ground segment equipment, also used to send cache status reports to low-orbit satellites; The low-orbit satellite is further used to determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; and send a first downlink control instruction to the ground segment device; the first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device; The ground segment device is further used to send the first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; The user segment device is also used to receive the first downlink control instruction and transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource through the ground segment device.

[0016] The present invention also provides a low-orbit satellite, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it implements any one of the low-orbit satellite communication methods described above on the low-orbit satellite side.

[0017] The present invention also provides a user segment device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, a low-orbit satellite communication method as described above on the user segment device side is implemented.

[0018] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements a low-orbit satellite communication method such as any one of the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite communication methods on the low-orbit satellite side and / or implements a low-orbit satellite communication method such as any one of the above-mentioned user segment device side.

[0019] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite communication methods on the low-orbit satellite side and / or implements any of the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite communication methods on the user segment device side.

[0020] The present invention provides a low-orbit satellite communication method, device, system and storage medium. The low-orbit satellite in the space segment receives an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device through a ground segment device, sends an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receives a cache status report sent by the user segment device to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device. Then, according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, the uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device is determined, and a first downlink control instruction is sent to the user segment device, wherein the first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resource, which is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource, wherein the uplink resource request includes the business needs of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal. In this method, since the low-orbit satellite in the space segment communicates with the user-segment device through the ground segment device, and the uplink transmission resources are dynamically allocated to the user-segment device according to the cache status report of the user-segment device and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, the user-segment device can communicate with the low-orbit satellite in any environment without the need to build a base station on the ground. Therefore, the construction cost of the ground communication network can be reduced, and the communication coverage can be increased through the low-orbit satellite network, so as to realize global data collection, transmission, aggregation and processing, and provide users with global coverage, quasi-real-time, and all-weather data collection and communication services. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a communication system architecture diagram of the low-orbit satellite communication system provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is one of the flow charts of the low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is the second flow chart of the low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is the third flow chart of the low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the low-orbit satellite communication device provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the low-orbit satellite communication device provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low-orbit satellite provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the user segment equipment provided by the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1: Low-orbit satellite; 2: Data transmission; 3: Gateway station; 4: Satellite tracking and control station; 5. Data center; 6: Server; 7: Ground information center; 8: Internet of Things wireless access point; 9: Fixed terminal; 10: 5G base station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] As the waves of intelligence and informatization sweep the world, the Internet of Things, as an important development stage of informatization and intelligence, has penetrated into various fields and connected a large number of consumers. The ever-expanding Internet connectivity and the rapid popularization of mobile terminal devices have created a good ecological environment for the construction and application of the Internet of Things. With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, the traditional ground communication network is limited by objective conditions for base stations and supporting transmission networks, the cost of establishing base stations in remote areas will be very high, the ground network is easily affected by natural disasters and human damage to infrastructure, high-speed mobile scenarios limit data collection and communication capabilities, and 5G base stations have small coverage and require frequent site switching. The ground communication network has deficiencies in coverage, cost, disaster resistance, mobile scene coverage, and technical limitations, and cannot meet the global data collection and communication needs, especially in remote areas, oceans, and air. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a low-orbit satellite communication method, device, system, and storage medium that can solve this technical problem.

[0033] In order to better explain the low-orbit satellite communication method of the embodiment of the present invention, the low-orbit satellite communication system of the embodiment of the present invention is first described below. Figure 1The communication system architecture diagram of the low-orbit satellite communication system shown in the figure, the low-orbit satellite communication system includes a low-orbit satellite 1 in the space segment, ground segment equipment and user segment equipment connected in sequence, that is, the low-orbit satellite system consists of three major parts: the space segment, the ground segment and the user segment.

[0034] Among them, the space segment is composed of a low-orbit satellite constellation, which includes multiple low-orbit satellites 1. Low-orbit satellites 1 can also be called low-orbit satellites. The low-orbit satellite constellation specifically includes 36 low-inclination orbit satellites and 2 sun-synchronous orbit satellites with an inclination of 97°. Each low-orbit satellite 1 is equipped with an intelligent routing selection algorithm to dynamically select the best transmission path to improve the efficiency and accuracy of satellite communications. Each low-orbit satellite 1 is connected through interstellar links to form a satellite network with global coverage, thereby increasing the coverage of the communication network without geographical restrictions, and can achieve communication coverage for remote areas, oceans and air.

[0035] In addition, the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite 1 can operate in an orbit with an altitude of 800 to 1000 kilometers. As an option, the low-orbit satellite 1 can specifically operate in an orbit of 900 kilometers. In addition, the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite 1 is equipped with an energy collection module for collecting energy from the environment to extend the service life of the equipment. As an option, the energy collection module can be, for example, an electric energy collection module, which is specifically used to collect electric energy from the environment to power the low-orbit satellite 1. At the same time, the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite 1 is equipped with a data communication payload for two-way data communication with the user segment equipment on the ground.

[0036] For the equipment in the ground segment, it includes a central information center and multiple ground stations, which are responsible for receiving the data sent back by the low-orbit satellite 1, and distributing it to different industry users after processing. Specifically, multiple ground stations may include a gateway station 3, a satellite tracking and control station 4, a data center 5, a server 6, etc. The central information center may also be called a ground information center 7. The space segment can transmit data 2 with the ground information center 7 of the ground segment. After receiving the information transmitted by the low-orbit satellite 1 of the space segment, the ground information center 7 can distribute it to the gateway station 3, the satellite tracking and control station 4, the data center 5, and the server 6 and other ground stations for processing.

[0037] The user segment may include various IoT devices, such as IoT terminals and IoT base stations, and specifically, the user segment may include user segment devices such as IoT wireless access points 8, fixed terminals 9, and 5G base stations 10. The user segment devices may realize data transmission with the low-orbit satellite 1 through ground segment devices.

[0038] Taking the uplink data transmission from the user segment device to the low-orbit satellite 1 as an example, the uplink data transmission process may include: The user segment device is used to send an uplink resource request to the ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the service requirements of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; Ground segment equipment, used for sending an uplink resource request to a low-orbit satellite 1; The low-orbit satellite 1 is used to receive an uplink resource request and send an uplink transmission permission to a user segment device through a ground segment device according to the uplink resource request; The user segment device is further used to receive an uplink transmission permission and send a buffer status report to the ground segment device; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; The ground segment equipment is also used to send a cache status report to the low-orbit satellite 1; The low-orbit satellite 1 is further used to determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite 1 within the flight window time; and send a first downlink control instruction to the ground segment device; the first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device; The ground segment device is further used to send the first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; The user segment device is also used to receive the first downlink control instruction and transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite 1 on the uplink transmission resource through the ground segment device.

[0039] The process of downlink data transmission from the low-orbit satellite 1 to the user segment equipment is opposite to the uplink data transmission process, and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] In short, through the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite communication system, data communication between user segment equipment and low-orbit satellites can be realized in any environment, thereby effectively solving the data collection and communication needs on a global scale, especially in areas not covered by ground communication networks, and has broad application prospects.

[0041] Based on the low-orbit satellite communication system described above, the low-orbit satellite communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0042] First, a low-orbit satellite communication method applied to a low-orbit satellite in the space segment is described.

[0043] Figure 2 It is one of the flow charts of the low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method comprises the following steps: Step 202: receiving an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device via a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the service requirements of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal.

[0044] Among them, when the user segment device needs to transmit data to the low-orbit satellite, the user segment device can first send an uplink resource request to the low-orbit satellite. The uplink resource request is used to request the low-orbit satellite to allocate uplink transmission resources to the user segment device, so that the user segment device can communicate with the low-orbit satellite quickly and accurately on the allocated uplink transmission resources.

[0045] User segment devices may include IoT terminals, such as the above Figure 1 The fixed terminals in the satellite communication may also include IoT wireless access points and 5G base stations. Specifically, before the user segment equipment conducts satellite communication, it can obtain its own business needs, and then encapsulate the business needs in the uplink resource request and send it to the ground segment equipment (specifically, it can be the ground information center), and then the ground segment equipment transmits it to the low-orbit satellite. The business demand user can reflect the business scenario of the user segment equipment, such as autonomous driving scenarios, telemedicine scenarios, etc. At the same time, the business demand can also reflect the user segment equipment's requirements for the transmission delay of business data, such as requiring low-latency data transmission.

[0046] In addition, it should be noted that the above-mentioned uplink resource request may include the service requirements of the user segment device, and may also include other information, such as the identification and location of the user segment device.

[0047] Step 204: Send an uplink transmission grant to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receive a buffer status report sent by the user segment device; the buffer status report is used to represent the data transmission status of the user segment device.

[0048] In this step, after obtaining the uplink resource request sent by the user segment device, the low-orbit satellite can parse the uplink resource request to obtain the service requirements of the user segment device, and then determine whether to grant the user segment device uplink transmission permission based on the service requirements, that is, whether to send an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device. For example, if the service requirement of the user segment device is an autonomous driving scenario, and the low-orbit satellite supports data transmission in this scenario, the user segment device can be granted uplink transmission permission, that is, the uplink transmission permission is sent to the user segment device through the ground segment device.

[0049] For uplink transmission license, it can transmit information such as transmission time, transmission frequency, transmission power, and transmission data volume. The transmission time is used to specify the time range in which the user segment device can perform uplink transmission, including the start time and the end time. The transmission frequency is used to clarify the frequency range that the user segment device can use to avoid interference with other users or services. The transmission power is used to specify the maximum transmission power of the user segment device during uplink transmission to ensure signal quality while avoiding interference with other communications. The transmission data volume is used to limit the maximum amount of data that the user segment device can send within the time of the uplink transmission license. By sending uplink transmission licenses to user segment devices, the satellite network can reasonably allocate and manage limited communication resources to ensure fairness and efficiency between different user segment devices and services; at the same time, it can avoid multiple user segment devices from transmitting at the same time and on the same frequency, thereby reducing signal interference and data conflicts; and according to the priority and quality requirements of the service, transmission licenses can be allocated to important services first to ensure the reliability and timeliness of key communications.

[0050] After the user segment device obtains the uplink transmission permission sent by the low-orbit satellite via the ground segment device, it can determine that the user can send data to the low-orbit satellite, and the user segment device can obtain its own cache status report. The cache status report can include the data transmission status of the user segment device, and can also include the communication status, identification, location and other information of the user segment device. The data transmission status here can include the status of the cache for storing data in the user segment device (such as whether it is full), and can also include the data volume of the data that the user segment device needs to transmit, or can also include information such as whether the data that the user segment needs to transmit is ready.

[0051] After the user-segment device obtains its own cache status report, it can convert the cache status report into a signal suitable for transmission through modulation technology and send it to the ground-segment device. The ground-segment device then converts the signal into a signal suitable for reception by a low-orbit satellite and transmits it to the low-orbit satellite. In this way, the low-orbit satellite can receive the cache status report of the user-segment device.

[0052] Step 206, determining the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time.

[0053] In this step, before the low-orbit satellite performs uplink data transmission with the user segment device, it can first determine a preset flight window time. The preset flight window time refers to the time during which the low-orbit satellite can perform data transmission with the user segment device, that is, the user segment device can perform data transmission with the low-orbit satellite during this flight window time.

[0054] The method for determining the flight window time may include the following process: 1. Determine the task window constraint input. First, it is necessary to clarify the specific goals and requirements of the satellite mission, such as earth observation, communication relay, or navigation positioning, and collect various constraints related to the mission, such as satellite orbit parameters, ground station location, communication frequency band, signal coverage, etc.

[0055] 2. Specify the launch conditions. Specify the UTC (Universal Time Coordinated) time of the satellite launch, which needs to match the mission window to ensure that the satellite can successfully enter the predetermined orbit. Determine the six orbital parameters corresponding to the satellite at the launch time, including semi-major axis, eccentricity, inclination, right ascension of the ascending node, argument of perigee, and true anomaly. Specify the length of time that needs to be predicted to cover the entire mission window.

[0056] 3. Determine the orbit prediction resolution of the spacecraft. Select the appropriate orbit prediction resolution based on the accuracy requirements of the mission and the limitations of computing resources. The higher the resolution, the higher the prediction accuracy, but the greater the amount of calculation.

[0057] 4. Predict the orbital plane of the spacecraft. According to the orbital parameters and dynamic model of the satellite, establish the orbital plane prediction model of the spacecraft. Use the orbital model to calculate the orbital plane of the spacecraft within the mission window and determine the position and speed of the spacecraft at different time points.

[0058] 5. Determine the flight window time. Analyze the calculated orbital plane to find the flight window time that meets the mission requirements. When determining the flight window time, other factors need to be considered, such as the availability of ground stations, the quality of communication links, the impact of the sun and the earth's shadow, etc. Based on the analysis results and actual conditions, the flight window time is optimized and adjusted to ensure the smooth progress of the mission.

[0059] The above process can be used to determine the flight window time of the low-orbit satellite, and then the data transmission status within the flight window time can be estimated through the performance parameters of the satellite communication link (such as channel capacity, transmission rate, etc.) and parameters such as the length of the flight window time. The data transmission status here may include, for example, the amount of data that can be theoretically transmitted within the flight window time, or the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted within the flight window time, or the minimum amount of data that can be transmitted within the flight window time, or other information.

[0060] After receiving the cache status report of the user segment device, the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite can determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device based on the data transmission status in the cache status report and the data transmission status within the flight window time. For example, the data transmission volume in the cache status report can be matched with the data volume within the flight window time. If the two are matched successfully, uplink transmission resources can be allocated to the user segment device in the idle transmission resources. If the two fail to match, no uplink transmission resources will be allocated to the user segment device.

[0061] Step 208, sending a first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; the first downlink control instruction includes an uplink transmission resource, and the first downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource.

[0062] In this step, after determining the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device, the low-orbit satellite can carry the relevant information of the determined uplink transmission resources in the first downlink control instruction and send it to the ground segment device, and send the first downlink control instruction to the user segment device via the ground segment device.

[0063] After receiving the first downlink control instruction, the user segment device can parse the first downlink control instruction to obtain the uplink transmission resource therein, and then send its own uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource. The uplink transmission resources here may include time domain resources and frequency domain resources, that is, the frequency domain resources and time domain resources for the user segment device to specifically send uplink data. The frequency domain resources here may be, for example, bandwidth, and the time domain resources may be, for example, time slots. Then, when the time or time slot corresponding to the specified time domain resource arrives, the user segment device can send the uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the frequency corresponding to the frequency domain resource, so that the low-orbit satellite can accurately and quickly receive the uplink data of the user segment device.

[0064] In addition, the user segment device can continuously update its own cache status report during the data transmission process. At the same time, the low-orbit satellite can also continuously update its own data transmission status within the flight window time. According to the continuously updated cache status report of the user segment device and its own updated data transmission status within the flight window time, the uplink transmission resources are dynamically updated or continuously allocated to the user segment device, so that the user segment device can more efficiently realize data communication with the low-orbit satellite.

[0065] In this embodiment, the low-orbit satellite in the space segment receives an uplink resource request sent by the user segment device through the ground segment device, sends an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receives a cache status report sent by the user segment device to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device, and then determines the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, and sends a first downlink control instruction to the user segment device, wherein the first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resource, which is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource, wherein the uplink resource request includes the business needs of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal. In this method, since the low-orbit satellite in the space segment communicates with the user-segment device through the ground segment device, and the uplink transmission resources are dynamically allocated to the user-segment device according to the cache status report of the user-segment device and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, the user-segment device can communicate with the low-orbit satellite in any environment without the need to build a base station on the ground. Therefore, the construction cost of the ground communication network can be reduced, and the communication coverage can be increased through the low-orbit satellite network, so as to realize global data collection, transmission, aggregation and processing, and provide users with global coverage, quasi-real-time, and all-weather data collection and communication services.

[0066] The following embodiment describes a process of determining the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device when the data transmission status of the user segment device includes a first amount of data that the user segment device needs to transmit, and the data transmission status of the low-orbit satellite estimated to be transmitted within the flight window time includes a second amount of data that the low-orbit satellite estimates to be transmittable within the flight time window.

[0067] In some embodiments, in the above step 206, determining the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time may include the following steps: The remaining data amount that can be transmitted by the user segment device is determined according to the first data amount and the second data amount; and the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device are determined from the transmission resources of the low-orbit satellite according to the remaining data amount.

[0068] The second data volume that can be transmitted within the flight time window estimated by the low-orbit satellite is the total data volume or maximum data volume that the low-orbit satellite allows the user segment device to transmit or send within the flight window time, which can be estimated by the performance parameters of the satellite communication link (such as channel capacity, transmission rate, etc.) and the length of the flight window time. The first data volume is the data volume determined by the user segment device according to the data required to be transmitted included in its own cache status report, and the data required to be transmitted is quantified, which can be recorded as the first data volume.

[0069] After obtaining the first data volume and the second data volume, the low-orbit satellite can subtract the second data volume from the first data volume to obtain the difference, which is the remaining data volume. Then, the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device can be determined based on the remaining data volume. For example, if the remaining data volume is greater than or equal to 0, it is determined that the low-orbit satellite can transmit the data in the cache status report of the user segment device within the flight window time. At this time, an idle transmission resource matching the size of the first data volume can be found in the transmission resources of the low-orbit satellite, and it is used as the uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device. For another example, if the remaining data volume is less than 0, it is determined that the low-orbit satellite cannot transmit the data in the cache status report of the user segment device within the flight window time. At this time, an idle transmission resource matching the size of the second data volume can be found in the transmission resources of the low-orbit satellite, and it is used as the uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device.

[0070] In this embodiment, the low-orbit satellite can determine the remaining data amount based on the estimated second data amount that can be transmitted within the flight window time and the first data amount required to be transmitted included in the cache status report of the user segment device, and allocate uplink transmission resources to the user segment device based on the remaining data amount. This can ensure the integrity of data transmission between the low-orbit satellite and the user segment device and avoid data omissions.

[0071] The following embodiments illustrate the process of determining a scheduling mode for a user segment device and performing corresponding resource scheduling according to the determined scheduling mode.

[0072] Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, before receiving the buffer status report sent by the user segment device in the above step 204, the above method also includes the following steps: Step 302, determining the target scheduling method corresponding to the user segment device according to the business needs of the user segment device; or, determining the target scheduling method corresponding to the user segment device according to the network status of the low-orbit satellite; the above-mentioned target scheduling method includes a scheduling-free method or a satellite scheduling method.

[0073] Among them, the business needs of the user segment equipment may include the business scenarios of the user segment equipment or the business requirements for indicators such as latency, etc. The target scheduling method of the user segment equipment can be determined through the business needs of the user segment equipment, and the target scheduling method is the optimal method for the user segment equipment to perform resource scheduling. The network status of the low-orbit satellite includes the load status and resource status of the low-orbit satellite, etc. The low-orbit satellite can determine the target scheduling method corresponding to the user segment equipment through any one or a combination of the business needs of the user segment equipment and the network status of the low-orbit satellite. The following only describes the implementation process of the two methods of determining the target scheduling method corresponding to the user segment equipment through the business needs of the low-orbit satellite and determining the target scheduling method corresponding to the user segment equipment through the network status of the low-orbit satellite.

[0074] For the low-orbit satellite, determining the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the business demand, optionally, determining the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the business demand of the user segment device may include the following steps: Determine the service attributes corresponding to the user segment device according to the service requirements of the user segment device; the above service attributes are used to characterize whether the service of the user segment device is a low-latency service; If the service attribute of the user segment device is a low-latency service, the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is determined to be a scheduling-free mode; if the service attribute of the user segment device is a non-low-latency service, the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is determined to be a satellite scheduling mode.

[0075] Among them, the corresponding service attributes can be directly determined by the service requirements of the user segment device. For example, if the service requirement is low latency, its service attributes are determined to be low latency service attributes. Alternatively, the service attributes corresponding to the user segment device can be determined by the service requirements and the preset corresponding relationship. The preset corresponding relationship may include the corresponding relationship between the service scenario and the service attribute. The above-mentioned service requirements may include the service scenario. Then, after obtaining the service requirements, the service scenario can be obtained from it, and the corresponding service attributes can be obtained from the corresponding relationship. For example, if the service requirements include the service scenario of the user segment device, assuming it is an autonomous driving scenario, and the service corresponding to the autonomous driving scenario is a low latency service, then its service attribute can be determined to be a low latency service attribute.

[0076] The service attributes of the user segment device can be determined by combining the service requirements of the user segment device in the above manner. If the service attribute is a low-latency service attribute, the data of the user segment device needs to be quickly sent to the low-orbit satellite. At this time, it can be determined that the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is the scheduling-free mode. The scheduling-free mode means that through the 5G NR (new air interface) technology, the user segment device does not need to wait for the scheduling instructions of the low-orbit satellite / network, and can directly send data to the low-orbit satellite. It allows the user segment device to send uplink data on some predetermined resources without uplink transmission resource scheduling, which can reduce the scheduling waiting time, improve delay-sensitive dedicated services, and thus reduce the overall communication delay. If the service attribute is not a low-latency service attribute, the user-segment device can send its own data transmission status to the low-orbit satellite through the cache status report and wait for the resource scheduling of the low-orbit satellite, that is, the target scheduling mode of the user-end device can be determined as the satellite scheduling mode. The non-low-latency services here generally include file transfer, email sending, etc. These services have relatively loose requirements on the data transmission delay. In this mode, the user-segment device will first store the data in the cache, and then send the data according to the scheduling instructions of the low-orbit satellite / network. This method can better utilize network resources and improve the overall throughput of the system.

[0077] For the low-orbit satellite, determining the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the network state, optionally, the above-mentioned determining the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the network state of the low-orbit satellite may include the following steps: If the network status of the low-orbit satellite indicates that the load of the low-orbit satellite is less than a first threshold and / or the remaining transmission resources are greater than a second threshold, then the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is determined to be a no-scheduling mode; if the network status of the low-orbit satellite indicates that the load of the low-orbit satellite is not less than a first threshold and / or the remaining transmission resources are not greater than a second threshold, then the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is determined to be a satellite scheduling mode.

[0078] Among them, the network status of the network corresponding to the low-orbit satellite includes the state of the network load and the state of the transmission resources. It can be judged whether the load is less than the first threshold and whether the transmission resources are greater than the second threshold. If at least one of the load is less than the first threshold and the transmission resources are greater than the second threshold, it is determined that the current network load is light or the resources are sufficient. At this time, it can be considered to use the scheduling-free mode to send data, that is, to determine the target scheduling mode of the user segment device as the scheduling-free mode, so that efficient data transmission can be achieved. If at least one of the load is not less than the first threshold and the transmission resources is not greater than the second threshold, it is determined that the current network load is heavy or the resources are tight. At this time, in order to ensure the stable operation of the system, data transmission in the cache state can be given priority, that is, the target scheduling mode of the user terminal device can be determined as the satellite scheduling mode, that is, the user segment device needs to send a cache status report to the low-orbit satellite and wait for the low-orbit satellite to schedule resources.

[0079] The sizes of the first threshold and the second threshold can be set according to actual conditions and are not specifically limited here.

[0080] Step 304: If the target scheduling mode is a scheduling-free mode, a second downlink control instruction is sent to the user segment device; the second downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to communicate with the low-orbit satellite on a preset transmission resource.

[0081] In this step, if the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is the scheduling-free mode, the low-orbit satellite can send a second downlink control instruction to the user segment device through the ground segment device to instruct the user segment device to send data directly to the low-orbit satellite on the preset transmission resources without waiting for the resource scheduling of the low-orbit satellite, so as to achieve low latency of the service and reduce the overall communication latency. The preset transmission resources can be specifically determined according to the network protocol or pre-configured for the user segment device.

[0082] Step 306: If the target scheduling mode is the satellite scheduling mode, then return to the step of receiving the buffer status report sent by the user segment device.

[0083] In this step, if the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is the satellite scheduling mode, the user segment device can send a cache status report to the low-orbit satellite, and the low-orbit satellite can continue to execute the above step 204 to receive the cache status report sent by the user segment device, and allocate uplink transmission resources to the user segment device according to the cache status report, so as to realize resource scheduling of the low-orbit satellite to the user segment device.

[0084] In this embodiment, the scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is determined by the service demand or network status of the user segment device, and different operations are performed according to different scheduling modes, so as to ensure the rapid implementation of low-latency services and the operational stability of the communication system. In addition, the service attributes of whether the service of the user segment device is a low-latency service are determined by the service demand, and when it is a low-latency service, its scheduling mode is determined to be a scheduling-free mode, so as to reduce the scheduling waiting time, improve the delay-sensitive dedicated services, and thus reduce the overall communication delay; and when it is a non-low-latency service, its scheduling mode is determined to be a satellite scheduling mode, so as to better utilize network resources and improve the overall throughput of the system.

[0085] In the process of allocating resources to user segment devices by low-orbit satellites, in order to better allocate resources, resource allocation can also be performed in combination with information such as device type of the user segment devices. The following embodiment illustrates this process.

[0086] In some embodiments, the above step 206, according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, determines the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device, which may include the following steps: Step A1, determining a characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device according to an uplink message of the user segment device; the uplink message includes an uplink resource request and / or a cache status report.

[0087] In this step, when the user segment device sends an uplink resource request and a cache status report to the low-orbit satellite, the uplink resource request and the cache status report are both transmitted in the form of messages, and can be recorded as uplink messages. The uplink message can include relevant device information of the user segment device, and the characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device can be determined through the relevant device information.

[0088] Optionally, the determining of the characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device according to the uplink message of the user segment device may include the following steps: The uplink message is identified by using the organizational unique identifier MAC OUI identification method to obtain the first device information corresponding to the user segment device; the management information base MIB information of the user segment device is read by using the simple network management protocol query SNMP Query identification method, and the second device information corresponding to the user segment device is determined according to the MIB information; the second device information is not exactly the same as the first device information; the first device information and the second device information are combined to determine the characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device.

[0089] Among them, the MAC OUI (MAC Organizationally unique identifier) ​​identification method can identify the network card manufacturer information of the user segment device through the first three bytes of the MAC address of the user segment device in the uplink message, that is, the OUI. For example, the OUI can be used to know which company produced the network card of the user segment device. Here, the device information of the user segment device obtained through MAC OUI identification can be recorded as the first device information.

[0090] SNMP Query (Simple Network Management Protocol Query) can read the MIB information of the user segment device through the SNMP protocol to obtain the basic system information, device description information, etc. of the user segment device. For example, the sysDescr MIB node can provide basic system information, while the hrDeviceDescr MIB node contains the manufacturer, model, and optional serial number information of the device. The device information of the user segment device obtained through SNMP Query can be recorded as the second device information.

[0091] Among them, the first device information is relatively rough, and can be used to preliminarily classify user segment devices, such as by manufacturer. The second device information includes more detailed and accurate device information, such as the specific model of the device, the operating system version, etc., which can be used to more accurately identify and finely classify the devices after the preliminary classification of the user segment devices. In other words, the device information included in the second device information is more detailed than the device information included in the first device information, and the two are not exactly the same.

[0092] After obtaining the first device information and the second device information, the non-repetitive information in the two device information may be combined as a characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device, that is, the characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device may reflect the accurate information of the device.

[0093] Step A2: according to the characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device, determine the target device type corresponding to the user segment device in a preset fingerprint library; the fingerprint library includes a plurality of correspondences between different characteristic fingerprints and device types.

[0094] Among them, the characteristic fingerprints of different devices can be collected in advance, and each device can be classified according to the characteristic fingerprints of different devices to obtain the device type of each device, and then a corresponding relationship is established between the characteristic fingerprints of the device and the device type to form a fingerprint library.

[0095] After obtaining the characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device, the characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device can be matched in the fingerprint library to obtain a matching characteristic fingerprint, and then obtain the device type corresponding to the matching characteristic fingerprint, which is the target device type corresponding to the user segment device.

[0096] Step A3, determining the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the target device type, the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time.

[0097] In this step, the uplink transmission resources can be preliminarily determined through the cache status report of the user segment device combined with the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite. Then, after obtaining the target device type of the user segment device, the uplink transmission resources matching the target device type can be obtained from the preliminarily determined uplink transmission resources according to the target device type as the uplink transmission resources finally allocated to the user segment device.

[0098] Alternatively, the resource allocation priority of the user segment device may be obtained, and based on the target device type and the resource allocation priority, an uplink transmission resource matching the target device type may be obtained from the preliminarily determined uplink transmission resources as the uplink transmission resource ultimately allocated to the user segment device.

[0099] Alternatively, other methods may be used to determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device, which are not specifically limited here.

[0100] In this embodiment, the characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device is obtained through the uplink message and the corresponding target device type is obtained in the fingerprint library. Then, the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device can be determined based on the target device type and the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite. In this way, the reference information is more and richer, thereby improving the accuracy of the resources allocated to the user segment device. In addition, by using the MAC OUI identification method in combination with the SNMPQuery identification method to jointly identify the device information of the user segment device, the accuracy and reliability of device identification can be improved, and the subsequent resource allocation / scheduling can be performed quickly and accurately.

[0101] In some embodiments, the low-orbit satellite system corresponding to the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite is an enhanced low-orbit satellite Internet of Things communication system.

[0102] In some embodiments, the low-orbit satellite system corresponding to the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite can provide global coverage, quasi-real-time, and all-weather data acquisition and communication services, and include secure communication protocols for data encryption, decryption, integrity verification, and user identity authentication.

[0103] In some embodiments, the low-orbit satellite system corresponding to the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite is designed for high capacity, low power consumption and low cost, and includes a modular satellite design, allowing the satellite to be upgraded and maintained after launch.

[0104] In some embodiments, the low-orbit satellite system corresponding to the above-mentioned low-orbit satellite uses spatial multiplexing technology and multi-user MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology to allow multiple data streams to be transmitted to the receiving end at the same time, and allows the low-orbit satellite / base station to serve multiple users / user segment devices at the same time, thereby reducing interference by spatially separating users, so as to improve system capacity.

[0105] The above embodiments describe a low-orbit satellite communication method applied to a low-orbit satellite in a space segment. The following describes a low-orbit satellite communication method applied to a user segment device.

[0106] Figure 4 FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the method comprises the following steps: Step 402: Send an uplink resource request to the low-orbit satellite in the null point segment through the ground segment equipment; the uplink resource request includes the business needs of the user segment equipment, and the user segment equipment includes the Internet of Things terminal.

[0107] In this step, for the content and process of the user segment device sending an uplink resource request to the low-orbit satellite, please refer to the explanation in the above-mentioned embodiment of the low-orbit satellite side, which will not be repeated here.

[0108] Step 404, receiving an uplink transmission permission sent by a low-orbit satellite, and sending a buffer status report to the low-orbit satellite; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device.

[0109] In this step, for the process in which the user segment device receives the uplink transmission permission sent by the low-orbit satellite and sends a cache status report to the low-orbit satellite, please refer to the explanation in the above-mentioned embodiment of the low-orbit satellite side, which will not be repeated here.

[0110] Step 406, receiving a first downlink control instruction sent by the low-orbit satellite; the above-mentioned first downlink control instruction includes uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device, and the uplink transmission resources are determined by the low-orbit satellite based on the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time.

[0111] In this step, for the specific content and process of the first downlink control instruction sent by the low-orbit satellite of the user segment device, please refer to the explanation in the above-mentioned embodiment of the low-orbit satellite side, which will not be repeated here.

[0112] Step 408: Transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite using uplink transmission resources.

[0113] In this step, the user segment device can send uplink data on the uplink transmission resources allocated to it by the low-orbit satellite, so that the uplink data can be accurately sent.

[0114] In this embodiment, the user segment device sends an uplink resource request to the low-orbit satellite in the space segment through the ground segment device. The low-orbit satellite in the space segment receives the uplink resource request sent by the user segment device through the ground segment device, sends an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receives a cache status report sent by the user segment device to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device, and then determines the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, and sends a first downlink control instruction to the user segment device, wherein the first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resource, which is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource, wherein the uplink resource request includes the business needs of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal. In this method, since the low-orbit satellite in the space segment communicates with the user-segment device through the ground segment device, and the uplink transmission resources are dynamically allocated to the user-segment device according to the cache status report of the user-segment device and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, the user-segment device can communicate with the low-orbit satellite in any environment without the need to build a base station on the ground. Therefore, the construction cost of the ground communication network can be reduced, and the communication coverage can be increased through the low-orbit satellite network, so as to realize global data collection, transmission, aggregation and processing, and provide users with global coverage, quasi-real-time, and all-weather data collection and communication services.

[0115] In some embodiments, the user segment device includes a low-power IoT terminal, and each user segment device may be configured with a data preprocessing module for data encryption, data decryption, data compression, data cleaning, formatting, and standardization. Data encryption and decryption can ensure the security of data transmission during satellite communication. Data compression can make the data transmitted during satellite communication adapt to the bandwidth limitations of satellite communication. Data cleaning, formatting, and standardization can improve data availability and analysis accuracy.

[0116] In some embodiments, the user segment device may use a lightweight communication protocol to pre-process the data to be transmitted, where the pre-processing includes, for example, format conversion, filtering, etc., so that the transmission data of different sensors / devices can be unified, effectively solving the problem of data access at the sensor layer, improving the uniformity and accessibility of data, and realizing data intercommunication between different systems and devices. The lightweight communication protocol may include, for example, MQTT, MQTT-SN, or CoAP, etc.

[0117] The following is a complete low-orbit satellite communication process: The user segment device converts the data to be sent into a signal suitable for transmission through modulation technology, prepares it as user segment data and sends it to the ground segment device. The ground segment device sends the modulated signal to the designated low-orbit satellite. The low-orbit satellite receives the signal sent by the ground segment device and sends the signal to the ground segment device or user segment device at the target location through forwarding technology. The ground segment device at the target location then receives the signal sent by the low-orbit satellite, restores the received data to the original data, and sends the restored data to the designated target user segment device.

[0118] The above process covers the entire process from data preparation by the user segment equipment on the ground, transmission through the ground segment equipment and low-orbit satellite, to the data being restored and delivered to the target user segment equipment. Each step ensures that the data can be transmitted effectively and reliably in the satellite network.

[0119] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention include at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Global coverage: Achieve seamless global coverage through low-orbit satellite constellations, filling the blind spots of ground communication networks.

[0120] 2. High capacity and low power consumption: The system design takes into account the needs of high capacity and low power consumption, which is suitable for large-scale IoT applications.

[0121] 3. Improve system capacity: Allow multiple data streams to be transmitted to the receiver simultaneously, and allow the base station to serve multiple users simultaneously, reducing interference by spatially separating users.

[0122] The low-orbit satellite communication device provided by the present invention is described below. The low-orbit satellite communication device described below and the low-orbit satellite communication method described above can be referenced to each other.

[0123] The following first describes the low-orbit satellite communication device on the low-orbit satellite side.

[0124] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the low-orbit satellite communication device provided by the present invention, see Figure 5 As shown, the device may include: The request receiving module 510 is used to receive an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device via a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes a service demand of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; The report receiving module 520 is used to send an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receive a buffer status report sent by the user segment device; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; A resource determination module 530, configured to determine uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; The instruction sending module 540 is used to send a first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; the above-mentioned first downlink control instruction includes an uplink transmission resource, and the first downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource.

[0125] In some embodiments, the data transmission status of the user segment device includes a first data volume required to be transmitted by the user segment device, the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time includes a second data volume that can be transmitted by the low-orbit satellite within the flight time window, and the resource determination module 530 includes: a data amount determination unit, configured to determine a remaining amount of data that can be transmitted by the user segment device according to the first amount of data and the second amount of data; The first resource determination unit is used to determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device from the transmission resources of the low-orbit satellite according to the remaining data amount.

[0126] In some embodiments, before the report receiving module 520 receives the buffer status report sent by the user segment device, the apparatus further includes: The scheduling mode determination module is used to determine the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the service requirements of the user segment device; or determine the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the network status of the low-orbit satellite; the above-mentioned target scheduling mode includes a scheduling-free mode or a satellite scheduling mode; An execution module is used to send a second downlink control instruction to the user segment device if the target scheduling mode is a scheduling-free mode; the above-mentioned second downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to communicate with the low-orbit satellite on a preset transmission resource; if the target scheduling mode is a satellite scheduling mode, return to execute the above-mentioned step of receiving the cache status report sent by the user segment device.

[0127] Optionally, the above-mentioned scheduling mode determination module is specifically used to determine the service attributes corresponding to the user segment device according to the service requirements of the user segment device; the above-mentioned service attributes are used to characterize whether the service of the user segment device is a low-latency service; if the service attribute of the user segment device is a low-latency service, then the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is determined to be a scheduling-free mode; if the service attribute of the user segment device is a non-low-latency service, then the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is determined to be a satellite scheduling mode.

[0128] In some embodiments, the resource determination module 530 includes: A feature fingerprint determination unit, configured to determine a feature fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device according to an uplink message of the user segment device; the uplink message includes an uplink resource request and / or a cache status report; A device type determination unit, configured to determine the target device type corresponding to the user segment device in a preset fingerprint library according to the characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device; the fingerprint library includes a plurality of correspondences between different characteristic fingerprints and device types; The second resource determination unit is used to determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the target device type, the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time.

[0129] Optionally, the above-mentioned characteristic fingerprint determination unit is specifically used to adopt a MAC OUI identification method to identify the uplink message to obtain the first device information corresponding to the user segment device; adopt an SNMP Query identification method to read the MIB information of the user segment device, and determine the second device information corresponding to the user segment device based on the MIB information; the second device information is not completely the same as the first device information; the first device information and the second device information are combined to determine the characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device.

[0130] The following is an explanation of the low-orbit satellite communication device on the user segment equipment side.

[0131] Figure 6 This is the second structural diagram of the low-orbit satellite communication device provided by the present invention, see Figure 6 As shown, the device may include: The request sending module 610 is used to send an uplink resource request to the low-orbit satellite in the null point segment through the ground segment equipment; the uplink resource request includes the business requirements of the user segment equipment, and the user segment equipment includes the Internet of Things terminal; The report sending module 620 is used to receive the uplink transmission permission sent by the low-orbit satellite and send a buffer status report to the low-orbit satellite; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; The instruction receiving module 630 is used to receive a first downlink control instruction sent by the low-orbit satellite; the first downlink control instruction includes an uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device, and the uplink transmission resource is determined by the low-orbit satellite according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; The data transmission module 640 is used to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resources.

[0132] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can implement all the method steps implemented in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. The parts and beneficial effects that are the same as the method embodiment in this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0133] Figure 7 The following is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a low-orbit satellite. Figure 7 As shown, the low-orbit satellite may include: a processor 710 , a communications interface 720 , a memory 730 and a communication bus 740 , wherein the processor 710 , the communications interface 720 , and the memory 730 communicate with each other via the communication bus 740 . The processor 710 can call the logic instructions in the memory 730 to execute the low-orbit satellite communication method, which includes: receiving an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device through a ground segment device; the above-mentioned uplink resource request includes the business needs of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; sending an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receiving a cache status report sent by the user segment device; the above-mentioned cache status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device; send a first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; the above-mentioned first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resources, and the first downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resources.

[0134] Figure 8 The following is an example of a physical structure diagram of a user segment device, such as Figure 8As shown, the user segment device may include: a processor 810, a communication interface 820, a memory 830 and a communication bus 840, wherein the processor 810, the communication interface 820 and the memory 830 communicate with each other through the communication bus 840. The processor 810 may call the logic instructions in the memory 830 to execute the low-orbit satellite communication method, which includes: sending an uplink resource request to a low-orbit satellite in the null point segment through a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the service requirements of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; receiving an uplink transmission license sent by the low-orbit satellite, and sending a cache status report to the low-orbit satellite; the cache status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; receiving a first downlink control instruction sent by the low-orbit satellite; the first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device, and the uplink transmission resources are determined by the low-orbit satellite according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; transmitting uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resources.

[0135] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 730 or memory 830 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0136] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and the computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the above-mentioned methods, and the method includes: receiving an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device through a ground segment device; the above-mentioned uplink resource request includes the business needs of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; sending an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receiving a cache status report sent by the user segment device; the above-mentioned cache status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, determining the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device; sending a first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; the above-mentioned first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resources, and the first downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resources.

[0137] Alternatively, a low-orbit satellite communication method is executed, the method comprising: sending an uplink resource request to a low-orbit satellite in a null point segment through a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the business needs of a user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; receiving an uplink transmission license sent by the low-orbit satellite, and sending a cache status report to the low-orbit satellite; the cache status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; receiving a first downlink control instruction sent by the low-orbit satellite; the first downlink control instruction includes an uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device, and the uplink transmission resource is determined by the low-orbit satellite based on the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; and transmitting uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource.

[0138] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented when the processor executes the low-orbit satellite communication method provided by the above-mentioned methods, the method comprising: receiving an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device through a ground segment device; the above-mentioned uplink resource request includes the business needs of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; sending an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receiving a cache status report sent by the user segment device; the above-mentioned cache status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; determining the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; sending a first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; the above-mentioned first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resources, and the first downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resources.

[0139] Alternatively, a low-orbit satellite communication method is executed, the method comprising: sending an uplink resource request to a low-orbit satellite in a null point segment through a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the business needs of a user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; receiving an uplink transmission license sent by the low-orbit satellite, and sending a cache status report to the low-orbit satellite; the cache status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; receiving a first downlink control instruction sent by the low-orbit satellite; the first downlink control instruction includes an uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device, and the uplink transmission resource is determined by the low-orbit satellite based on the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; and transmitting uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource.

[0140] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0141] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0142] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-orbit satellite communication method, characterized in that: Low-orbit satellites used in the space segment include: Receiving an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device via a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes a service demand of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; Sending an uplink transmission grant to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receiving a buffer status report sent by the user segment device; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; Determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; A first downlink control instruction is sent to the user segment device; the first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resource, and the first downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource.

2. The low-orbit satellite communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission status of the user segment device includes a first amount of data required to be transmitted by the user segment device, the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time includes a second amount of data that can be transmitted by the low-orbit satellite within the flight time window, and determining the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, includes: Determining a remaining amount of data that can be transmitted by the user segment device according to the first amount of data and the second amount of data; According to the remaining data amount, uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device are determined from the transmission resources of the low-orbit satellite.

3. The low-orbit satellite communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Before receiving the buffer status report sent by the user segment device, the method further includes: Determine a target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the service demand of the user segment device; or determine a target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device according to the network status of the low-orbit satellite; the target scheduling mode includes a scheduling-free mode or a satellite scheduling mode; If the target scheduling mode is a scheduling-free mode, sending a second downlink control instruction to the user segment device; the second downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to communicate with the low-orbit satellite on a preset transmission resource; If the target scheduling mode is a satellite scheduling mode, the process returns to the step of receiving the buffer status report sent by the user segment device.

4. The low-orbit satellite communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determining, according to the service requirements of the user segment device, a target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device includes: Determine, according to the service requirements of the user segment device, a service attribute corresponding to the user segment device; the service attribute is used to characterize whether the service of the user segment device is a low-latency service; If the service attribute of the user segment device is a low-latency service, determining that the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is a scheduling-free mode; If the service attribute of the user segment device is a non-low-latency service, it is determined that the target scheduling mode corresponding to the user segment device is a satellite scheduling mode.

5. The low-orbit satellite communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining, according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time, the uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device comprises: Determine a characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device according to an uplink message of the user segment device; the uplink message includes the uplink resource request and / or the cache status report; According to the characteristic fingerprint of the user segment device, determining the target device type corresponding to the user segment device in a preset fingerprint library; the fingerprint library includes a correspondence between a plurality of different characteristic fingerprints and device types; Determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the target device type, the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time.

6. The low-orbit satellite communication method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The determining, according to the uplink message of the user segment device, a characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device includes: The uplink message is identified by using an organizational unique identifier MAC OUI identification method to obtain first device information corresponding to the user segment device; Using a simple network management protocol query SNMP Query identification method to read the management information base MIB information of the user segment device, and determining the second device information corresponding to the user segment device according to the MIB information; the second device information is not completely the same as the first device information; The first device information and the second device information are combined to determine a characteristic fingerprint corresponding to the user segment device.

7. A low-orbit satellite communication method, characterized in that: Applicable to user segment equipment, including: Sending an uplink resource request to a low-orbit satellite in a null point segment through a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the service requirements of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; receiving an uplink transmission permission sent by the low-orbit satellite, and sending a buffer status report to the low-orbit satellite; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; receiving a first downlink control instruction sent by the low-orbit satellite; the first downlink control instruction includes an uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device, the uplink transmission resource being determined by the low-orbit satellite according to the buffer status report and a data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within a flight window time; Uplink data is transmitted to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource.

8. A low-orbit satellite communication device, characterized in that: Low-orbit satellites used in the space segment include: A request receiving module, configured to receive an uplink resource request sent by a user segment device via a ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes a service demand of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; a report receiving module, configured to send an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device according to the uplink resource request, and receive a buffer status report sent by the user segment device; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; A resource determination module, configured to determine the uplink transmission resource allocated to the user segment device according to the buffer status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; An instruction sending module is used to send a first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; the first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resource, and the first downlink control instruction is used to instruct the user segment device to transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource.

9. A low-orbit satellite communication system, characterized in that: It includes low-orbit satellites in the space segment, ground segment equipment and user segment equipment connected in sequence; The user segment device is used to send an uplink resource request to the ground segment device; the uplink resource request includes the service requirements of the user segment device, and the user segment device includes an Internet of Things terminal; The ground segment device is used to send the uplink resource request to the low-orbit satellite; The low-orbit satellite is used to receive the uplink resource request and send an uplink transmission permission to the user segment device through the ground segment device according to the uplink resource request; The user segment device is further used to receive the uplink transmission permission and send a buffer status report to the ground segment device; the buffer status report is used to characterize the data transmission status of the user segment device; The ground segment device is further used to send the cache status report to the low-orbit satellite; The low-orbit satellite is further used to determine the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device according to the cache status report and the data transmission status estimated by the low-orbit satellite within the flight window time; and send a first downlink control instruction to the ground segment device; the first downlink control instruction includes the uplink transmission resources allocated to the user segment device; The ground segment device is further used to send the first downlink control instruction to the user segment device; The user segment device is also used to receive the first downlink control instruction and transmit uplink data to the low-orbit satellite on the uplink transmission resource through the ground segment device.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the low-orbit satellite communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the low-orbit satellite communication method according to claim 7 is implemented.

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