Distribution plate, fluidized bed reactor and overhaul and maintenance method

Abstract

The invention discloses a distribution disc, a fluidized bed reactor and a maintenance method, the distribution disc comprises a main disc body with a plurality of distribution holes and a plugging mechanism detachably connected with the main disc body, the main disc body is provided with a passing channel used for assisting maintenance and repair, the passing channel penetrates through the main disc body, and the plugging mechanism is detachably connected with the main disc body. And the plugging mechanism is detachably embedded in the passing channel. The plugging mechanism comprises at least one viewing pipe with a hollow middle part, and the viewing pipe is used for assisting an endoscope in observing the deposition accumulation condition above the main disc body. According to the distribution disc provided by the technical scheme, an endoscope can penetrate through the visit pipe to observe accumulation of internal sediments in advance, the plugging mechanism is opened after safety conditions are met, an operator can enter from the passing channel for overhaul and maintenance, the operator does not need to enter from the upper end of a fluidized bed reactor any more, and the operation is convenient. And the safety of operators is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fluidized bed reactors, and in particular to a distribution plate, a fluidized bed reactor and an overhaul and maintenance method. Background Art

[0002] The fluidized bed reactor is a device that achieves mixing, mass transfer, and heat transfer between solid particles and gas and liquid phases. It is a common type of reactor in industry. In recent years, with the vigorous development of coal-to-oil chemical, petrochemical and other devices in my country, fluidized bed reactor technology has been widely used. The distribution plate, as the core internal component of the fluidized bed reactor, is generally installed at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor to evenly distribute the fresh feed at the bottom, so that the materials in the reactor undergo hydrogenation reaction under a uniform boiling state. Because the reaction materials of the fluidized bed reactor generally contain solid particles, solid particles are prone to deposit and block the distribution plate during production and operation. After blockage, the reaction cannot be maintained and the reactor needs to be shut down for inspection and maintenance and the sediment on the top of the distribution plate needs to be cleaned.

[0003] At present, there are two main types of common distribution plates, one is a full bubble structure distribution plate, and the other is a bubble reflux pipe structure distribution plate. When the above two types of distribution plates are shut down for maintenance to clean the sediment on the distribution plate, operators and tools generally need to enter from the manhole on the top of the reactor, and the cleaned sediment needs to be transported out from the top. In addition, the reactor replacement and cooling time is long, there is a great safety risk when the operator enters for the first time, the operating procedures are complicated, which brings great inconvenience to the maintenance work, and greatly increases the maintenance time and cost.

[0004] Since the structure of the distribution plate in the prior art cannot be passed by operators, when performing maintenance work, operators need to enter from the upper end of the fluidized bed reactor to the top of the distribution plate, which is difficult to operate, has low maintenance efficiency and low safety. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a distribution plate that can reduce the difficulty of maintenance and improve the safety of operators. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art that the distribution plate maintenance is difficult to operate, has low maintenance efficiency and low safety, and to provide a distribution plate, a fluidized bed reactor and a maintenance method, wherein the distribution plate is structurally improved so that the operator can observe the accumulation of sediments inside the fluidized bed reactor in advance by passing an endoscope through a viewing tube, thereby preventing the operator from being buried by sediments when opening the blocking mechanism, and can also detect and analyze the internal gas environment of the fluidized bed reactor through the viewing tube, ensuring that the operator enters the fluidized bed reactor under safe conditions. After the safety conditions are met, the blocking mechanism is opened, and the operator can enter from the passage for maintenance and inspection, and no longer needs to enter from the upper end of the fluidized bed reactor, which greatly improves the safety of the operator.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention provides a distribution plate, comprising a main plate body having a plurality of distribution holes and a blocking mechanism detachably connected to the main plate body, wherein the main plate body is provided with a passage for assisting inspection and maintenance, the passage passing through the main plate body, and the blocking mechanism is detachably embedded in the passage;

[0007] The blocking mechanism includes at least one inspection tube with a hollow middle portion, and the inspection tube is used to assist the endoscope in observing the accumulation of sediment above the main disk.

[0008] In one of the optional technical solutions, the passage is located at the center of the main tray, and a plurality of first mounting holes for mounting bubble cap components and at least one drainage pipe opening for connecting a drainage pipe are provided on the main tray.

[0009] In one of the optional technical solutions, the inspection tube is a straight tube or a curved tube that passes through the blocking mechanism and extends upward at the upper end. The inspection tube is also used to achieve gas replacement and gas cooling.

[0010] In one of the optional technical solutions, a port flange is provided at the lower end of the viewing tube, and the sealing mechanism also includes a sealing cover connected to the port flange and completely sealing the lower end opening of the viewing tube, and the interior of the viewing tube is filled with filling material.

[0011] In one of the optional technical solutions, the blocking mechanism includes a blocking cylinder segment and a bubble cap assembly arranged on the upper surface of the blocking cylinder segment, and the lower end of the inspection tube is fixedly connected to the middle part of the upper surface of the blocking cylinder segment.

[0012] In one of the optional technical solutions, the sealing mechanism also includes an upper cover connected to the upper surface of the sealing cylinder segment and a lower cover connected to the lower surface of the sealing cylinder segment. The upper cover and the lower cover are also respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the main disk body to restrict the sealing cylinder segment in the passage.

[0013] In one of the optional technical solutions, the upper cover is connected to the upper surface of the sealing cylinder section via an upper fastener, the outer periphery of the upper cover is clamped in the upper end opening of the passage, and the lower cover is connected to the lower surface of the main disk body via a lower fastener.

[0014] In one of the optional technical solutions, the main disk body is provided with a fixing flange for connecting with the lower cover at the lower end opening of the passage.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention provides a fluidized bed reactor, comprising a reactor body, wherein any of the aforementioned distribution plates is arranged inside the reactor body.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention provides a method for inspecting and maintaining any of the aforementioned distribution plates, comprising:

[0017] Pass the endoscope upward through the inspection tube to observe the accumulation height of the sediment above the main tray;

[0018] If the accumulation height of the sediment does not exceed the safety height threshold, obtaining the internal gas of the fluidized bed reactor through the inspection tube;

[0019] Analyzing the internal gas to obtain a gas analysis result;

[0020] If the gas analysis result is qualified, the blocking mechanism is dismantled, and the operator enters the main disk through the passage to clean the sediment.

[0021] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The distribution plate provided by the present invention has improved structure. By setting a passage and a blocking mechanism detachably connected to the passage, under the premise of not affecting the normal function of the distribution plate, when performing maintenance and inspection, the operator can observe the accumulation of sediments inside the fluidized bed reactor in advance by passing an endoscope through the inspection tube, so as to avoid being buried by sediments when the operator opens the blocking mechanism. The internal gas environment of the fluidized bed reactor can also be detected and analyzed through the inspection tube to ensure that the operator enters the fluidized bed reactor under safe conditions. After meeting the safety conditions, the blocking mechanism is opened, and the operator can enter from the passage for inspection and maintenance, and no longer needs to enter from the upper end of the fluidized bed reactor, which greatly improves the safety of the operator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The disclosure of the present invention will become more easily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a distribution plate provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A bottom-view stereoscopic view of a distribution plate provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of a main tray body provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of a blocking assembly provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5A bottom-view stereoscopic view of a blocking assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of a plugging cylinder section provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 A bottom perspective view of a plugging cylinder section provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of a lower cover provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 A flowchart of a repair and maintenance method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals in the figures:

[0034] 1. Main plate; 11. Passageway; 12. First mounting hole; 13. Drain pipe opening; 14. Second mounting hole;

[0035] 2. Blocking mechanism; 21. Inspection tube; 211. Port flange; 22. Cover; 23. Blocking cylinder section; 231. Third mounting hole; 232. Cylinder section connection hole;

[0036] 3. Upper cover;

[0037] 4. Lower cover;

[0038] 5. Blister assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The same components are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "fixed" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] Due to the dangerous problems in the prior art when operators perform maintenance on the ebullated bed reactor, the purpose of the present invention is to develop a method that does not affect the material distribution. By setting a travel channel 11 on the distribution plate in the ebullated bed reactor, operators can enter from the travel channel 11 at the lower end of the ebullated bed reactor to the top of the distribution plate for maintenance. This can fundamentally improve the safety of the ebullated bed reactor during maintenance of coal-to-oil chemical, petrochemical and other equipment, improve the maintenance efficiency, and reduce the maintenance cost of the ebullated bed reactor for enterprises, thereby improving the overall competitiveness of key equipment in coal-to-oil chemical and petrochemical industries and promoting the high-quality development of the industry's core equipment.

[0042] On the other hand, the distribution plate provided by the present invention can also solve the problems of long internal gas replacement and cooling time, high safety risk for operators entering for the first time, complex operation procedures, high maintenance time and cost during the overhaul and maintenance of the fluidized bed reactor of coal-to-oil chemical industry, petrochemical industry and other equipment. In addition to providing a passage for operators to pass through and enter the top of the distribution plate, the passage 11 can also serve as a gas inlet and outlet passage to assist in the operation of internal gas replacement and cooling, etc., which can solve the problem that the internal gas and internal environment of the fluidized bed reactor cannot be quickly analyzed from the bottom during the overhaul of the fluidized bed reactor. Operators, tools and cleaned sediments can enter and exit from the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor through the passage 11, thereby solving the problem that the existing technology cannot complete the rapid replacement and cooling of the reactor interior after the distribution plate is blocked, and cannot check the sediment accumulation and blockage on the top of the distribution plate, so as to achieve the purpose of safely and efficiently overhauling and maintaining the interior of the fluidized bed reactor.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a distribution plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises a main plate body 1 having a plurality of distribution holes and a blocking mechanism 2 detachably connected to the main plate body 1. A passage 11 for assisting inspection and maintenance is provided on the main plate body 1. The passage 11 runs through the main plate body 1, and the blocking mechanism 2 is detachably embedded in the passage 11. The blocking mechanism 2 comprises at least one hollowed-out inspection tube 21, which is used to assist an endoscope in observing the accumulation of sediment above the main plate body 1.

[0044] Among them, the main plate body 1 is the main body of the distribution plate, and the structure of the main plate body 1 is a circular plate body structure. The outer periphery of the main plate body 1 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fluidized bed reactor to form a closed reaction area above the main plate body 1. Multiple regularly arranged bubble cap components 5 on the distribution plate can achieve uniform gas-liquid distribution. The bubble cap component 5 is an important structure inside the fluidized bed reactor. By connecting the uniformly arranged bubble cap components 5 on the distribution plate, the gas and liquid can be effectively and evenly distributed to the catalyst bed in the fluidized bed reactor.

[0045] The bubble assembly 5, through its unique structure, such as the design of the opening and bubble cap on the bubble, enables the gas and liquid to be fully mixed and evenly distributed when entering the reactor. This helps to avoid excessive or low gas-liquid concentration in local areas, thereby improving the reaction efficiency. Reasonable bubble design can reduce the pressure drop of the fluid when passing through the distributor, reduce energy consumption, and improve the overall performance of the reactor. The bubble assembly 5 can also effectively prevent the catalyst from depositing on the distributor, maintain the activity of the catalyst, and extend the service life of the catalyst. The design of the bubble assembly 5 helps to enhance the mixing effect between the gas, liquid, and solid phases, making the reaction more sufficient and uniform.

[0046] The bubble cap is usually provided with a certain number of holes, and the size and distribution of these holes are designed according to the specific requirements of the reactor. The material of the bubble cap is usually corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material, such as stainless steel. The bubble cap is a component installed on the bubble cap to further disperse the gas and liquid. The design of the bubble cap also needs to consider the flow characteristics of the fluid and the operating conditions of the reactor. The distribution plate is located below the bubble cap assembly 5 and is used to evenly distribute the fluid to each bubble cap. The distribution plate is also usually provided with holes or grooves so that the fluid can pass smoothly.

[0047] In the ebullated bed reactor, the bubble cap assembly 5 is usually installed at the bottom or middle of the reactor, and the gas and liquid are introduced into the reactor through the fluid pre-distributor and the distribution plate. For example, in the heavy residue hydrogenation system, the ebullated bed reactor uses the bubble cap assembly 5 to evenly distribute the hydrogen and hydrocarbon feedstock into the catalyst bed to achieve efficient hydrogenation reaction.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, a through hole is set in the center of the main plate 1 to form a passage 11. In order to facilitate processing and blocking, a circular through hole is preferably used as the passage 11. The opening diameter of the passage 11 needs to meet the needs of operators to pass through, so it must be at least larger than the shoulder width of most adults. The preferred value of the diameter of the passage 11 is greater than or equal to 500mm. Figure 1 As shown, when the distribution plate is operating normally, the blocking mechanism 2 completely blocks the passage 11 to ensure the sealing of the distribution plate. In order to further improve the sealing, multiple sealing groove structures can be set at the connection between the blocking mechanism 2 and the main plate body 1. The sealing reliability of the blocking mechanism 2 is improved by setting a sealing ring or sealing filler in the sealing groove, while not affecting the convenience of installation and removal of the blocking mechanism 2. The blocking mechanism 2 is also provided with a bubble cap assembly 5, and the distribution position of the bubble cap assembly 5 on the blocking mechanism 2 is consistent with the distribution interval of the bubble cap assembly 5 on the main plate body 1, so as to avoid affecting the uniformity of material distribution of the distribution plate due to the setting of the blocking mechanism 2.

[0049] The lower end of the inspection tube 21 is located at the same horizontal plane as the lower end of the plugging mechanism 2, and the upper end of the inspection tube 21 protrudes upward above the plugging mechanism 2. The inspection tube 21 is fixedly connected to the plugging mechanism 2 or is integrally formed. Before the operator enters the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor for the first time during the shutdown and maintenance process, the inspection tube 21 can be used to check the sediment accumulation on the upper surface of the distribution plate, and forced ventilation can be performed through the inspection tube 21. The internal gas of the fluidized bed reactor can be replaced and quickly cooled through the inspection tube 21 without opening the plugging mechanism 2, so as to quickly and safely obtain an internal environment that meets the requirements for the operator to enter. The internal gas of the reaction area above the distribution plate can be obtained and analyzed through the inspection tube 21 to confirm whether the conditions for the operator to enter safely are met. When the passage 11 is sealed and reinstalled through the sealing mechanism 2, the sealing mechanism 2 can also be hoisted as a whole from the top of the reactor through the inspection hole with a sling or wire rope passing through the inspection hole, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of assembly and disassembly of the sealing mechanism 2, further improving the efficiency of maintenance, and ensuring safe and reliable maintenance.

[0050] In summary, the distribution disk provided in the embodiment of the present invention has an improved structure. By providing a passage 11 and a blocking mechanism 2 detachably connected to the passage 11, a convenient and safe maintenance environment is provided for operators without affecting the normal function of the distribution disk.

[0051] When performing maintenance and inspection, the operator can observe the accumulation of sediments inside the fluidized bed reactor in advance by passing the endoscope through the inspection tube 21 to avoid being buried by sediments when the operator opens the sealing mechanism 2. The operator can also detect and analyze the internal gas environment of the fluidized bed reactor through the inspection tube 21 to ensure that the operator enters the fluidized bed reactor under safe conditions.

[0052] In addition, the blocking mechanism 2 is opened after safety conditions are met, and operators can enter from the passage 11 for inspection and maintenance, and no longer need to enter from the upper end of the fluidized bed reactor, which greatly improves the safety of operators.

[0053] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the passage 11 is located at the center of the main plate 1, and a plurality of first mounting holes 12 for mounting the bubble cap assembly 5 and at least one drainage pipe opening 13 for connecting the drainage pipe are opened on the main plate 1.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first mounting holes 12 penetrating the main plate body 1 are evenly distributed on the main plate body 1, and a bubble cap assembly 5 is installed in each first mounting hole 12, and can be connected to the sewage pipe by setting the sewage pipe opening 13, and the sediment on the upper surface of the main plate body 1 is preliminarily cleaned through the sewage pipe. Furthermore, the outer periphery of the main plate body 1 is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes 14 for fixed connection with the fluidized bed reactor, and the second mounting holes 14 can be threaded holes, so that the outer periphery of the main plate body 1 and the fluidized bed reactor can be connected with uniform force through evenly distributed bolts.

[0055] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the inspection tube 21 is a straight tube or a curved tube that penetrates the blocking mechanism 2 and extends upward at the upper end. The inspection tube 21 is also used to achieve gas replacement and gas cooling.

[0056] In this embodiment, the inspection tube 21 connects the upper area and the lower area of ​​the main disk body 1. The internal gas of the fluidized bed reactor can be replaced and quickly cooled through the inspection tube 21 hollowed out in the middle, so as to quickly and safely obtain an internal environment that meets the requirements of the operating personnel.

[0057] In one embodiment, if Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a port flange 211 is provided at the lower end of the viewing tube 21, and the blocking mechanism 2 also includes a sealing cover 22 connected to the port flange 211 and completely blocking the lower end opening of the viewing tube 21, and the interior of the viewing tube 21 is filled with filling material.

[0058] In the present embodiment, the cover 22 is detachably connected to the end cover flange by a plurality of bolts. In order to ensure the sealing of the distribution disk during normal operation, the inspection tube 21 is also filled with filling material to prevent the sealing of the reaction area above the distribution disk from being affected by a gap at the connection between the cover 22 and the end cover flange. When the inspection tube 21 needs to be connected, it is only necessary to open the cover 22 at the lower end of the inspection tube 21. Under the action of gravity, the filling material will flow downward, making the interior of the inspection tube 21 conductive.

[0059] As required, the cover 22 can be set at the upper opening of the inspection tube 21, and the cover 22 located at the upper end of the inspection tube 21 can be opened by operating at the lower end of the blocking mechanism 2. Figure 7 As shown, a stepped sealing groove may be provided on the lower surface of the sealing cylinder segment 23 , and a sealing ring may be placed in the sealing groove to improve the sealing performance between the sealing cylinder segment 23 and the lower cover 4 .

[0060] In one embodiment, if Figure 4As shown, the blocking mechanism 2 includes a blocking barrel section 23 and a bubble cap assembly 5 arranged on the upper surface of the blocking barrel section 23 , and the lower end of the inspection tube 21 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the blocking barrel section 23 .

[0061] In this embodiment, a plurality of third mounting holes 231 for mounting the bubble cap assembly 5 are arranged through the blocking cylinder segment 23. The blocking cylinder segment 23 is a cylindrical structure with an opening at the lower end. A plurality of evenly distributed cylinder segment connecting holes 232 are arranged through the side wall of the blocking cylinder segment 23. The cylinder segment connecting holes 232 and the lower cover 4 are connected by bolts to realize a detachable connection between the blocking cylinder segment 23 and the lower cover 4, or, the blocking cylinder segment 23 is connected to the cylinder segment connecting holes 232 by bolts to realize a detachable connection with the lower surface of the main disk body 1.

[0062] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the blocking mechanism 2 also includes an upper cover 3 connected to the upper surface of the blocking cylinder segment 23 and a lower cover 4 connected to the lower surface of the blocking cylinder segment 23. The upper cover 3 and the lower cover 4 are also respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the main disk body 1 to restrict the blocking cylinder segment 23 in the passage 11.

[0063] Furthermore, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the upper cover 3 is connected to the upper surface of the blocking cylinder section 23 through an upper fastener, the outer periphery of the upper cover 3 is clamped on the upper end opening of the passage 11, and the lower cover 4 is connected to the lower surface of the main disk body 1 through a lower fastener.

[0064] In this embodiment, the upper cover 3 and the lower cover 4 are arranged to fasten the position of the blocking mechanism 2 when the blocking mechanism 2 and the passage 11 are detachably blocked, so as to further ensure the blocking reliability of the blocking mechanism 2. The upper fastener and the lower fastener are both bolts, and the connection holes of the upper cover 3 and the lower cover 4 are all threaded holes. The bolt connection has a reliable fastening effect and is convenient for installation and removal.

[0065] like Figure 8As shown, as required, a flange and a sealing groove can be provided on the outer periphery of the upper surface of the lower cover 4, and the flange on the outer periphery is provided with connection holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, so as to realize the detachable connection between the lower cover 4 and the lower surface of the main disk body 1 by bolts. A packing seal is realized between the outer periphery of the lower cover 4 and the lower surface of the main disk body 1. The packing seal is a form of mechanical seal, which adopts a combined sealing method of metal packing and soft packing. The packing rope-shaped sealing structure is wound around the external structure of the pump, and the sealing effect is achieved by repeated action many times. After the packing is installed in the packing cavity, it is axially compressed by the gland. When the shaft and the packing have relative motion, due to the plasticity of the packing, radial force will be generated and it will be in close contact with the shaft. At the same time, the lubricant impregnated in the packing is squeezed out to form an oil film between the contact surfaces. This contact state is not completely uniform, and the contact part forms a bearing effect, while the uncontacted concave part forms a small oil groove with a thicker oil film. The contact part and the non-contact part form an irregular maze, which plays a role in preventing liquid leakage, that is, forming a maze effect. The material selection of the packing is crucial to the sealing effect and service life. The packing material used in this embodiment can be graphite, carbon fiber, metal reinforced graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. These materials have the characteristics of physical and chemical stability, self-lubrication, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, etc., and are suitable for the environment where the distribution plate is located.

[0066] In one embodiment, a fixing flange for connecting with the lower cover 4 is provided at the lower end opening of the main disk body 1 located at the passage 11 .

[0067] In this embodiment, the fixing flange is fixedly connected to the main disk body 1 by welding. The setting of the fixing flange can avoid the influence of too many openings on the strength of the central passage 11 of the main disk body 1.

[0068] An embodiment of the present invention provides an ebullated bed reactor, comprising a reactor body, wherein any of the aforementioned distribution plates is disposed inside the reactor body. The ebullated bed reactor can provide a passage 11 for operators to pass through by adopting any of the aforementioned methods, so as to achieve the effect of safely and efficiently inspecting and maintaining the interior of the ebullated bed reactor.

[0069] like Fig. 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for inspecting and maintaining any of the aforementioned distribution plates, comprising:

[0070] Step S901: Insert the endoscope upward through the inspection tube 21 to observe the accumulation height of the sediment above the main tray 1.

[0071] Step S902 : If the accumulation height of the sediment does not exceed the safety height threshold, the internal gas of the fluidized bed reactor is obtained through the inspection tube 21 .

[0072] Step S903: Analyze the internal gas to obtain gas analysis results.

[0073] Step S904: If the gas analysis result is qualified, the blocking mechanism 2 is dismantled, and the operator enters the main disk body 1 through the passage 11 to clean the sediment.

[0074] Among them, when the distribution plate is first installed in the fluidized bed reactor, the upper cover 3 is first fastened to the main plate body 1 through the fasteners on the sealing mechanism 2, and then the fasteners of the sealing mechanism 2 are inserted into the bolt holes of the upper cover 3, and the fixing flange is welded on the lower surface of the main plate body 1. The bubble assembly 5 and the sealing cylinder section 23 are assembled outside the fluidized bed reactor, and high-temperature cement is poured in the gap between the inside of the sealing cylinder section 23 and the bubble assembly 5, and the lower cover 4 is installed. The assembled sealing mechanism 2 is transported to the interior of the lower end of the fluidized bed reactor, and then a wire rope is inserted from the upper end of the fluidized bed reactor through the travel channel 11 and through the inspection tube 21 and then fixed. The sealing mechanism 2 is lifted by the wire rope through the travel channel 11 and fastened by using a guide chain or other lifting equipment, and then the lower fastener is installed. After the lower cover 4 is fastened to the fixing flange, the wire rope is removed, and finally, the filling material is filled into the inspection tube 21 and the sealing cover 22 is installed at the lower end of the inspection tube 21.

[0075] During shutdown for maintenance, the upper and lower ends of the fluidized bed reactor are opened respectively, and the operator enters the lower end space of the fluidized bed reactor after analysis and approval, and then removes the cover 22 at the lower end of the inspection tube 21, cleans the filling material inside the inspection tube 21 mechanically or hydraulically, and uses an endoscope to pass through the inspection tube 21 from bottom to top to check the accumulation of sediment on the upper surface of the main disk body 1. If the sediment accumulation height does not exceed two-thirds of the height of the inspection tube 21, a steel wire rope is inserted from the upper end of the fluidized bed reactor, and the steel wire rope passes through the passage 11 and through the inspection tube 21 and the lower cover 4 for fixed connection, removes the fasteners and the fasteners of the sealing mechanism 2, and slowly lowers the sealing mechanism 2.

[0076] On the other hand, if the sediment accumulation height exceeds two-thirds of the height of the inspection tube 21, if the plugging mechanism 2 is removed from the distribution plate at this time, there is a risk that a large amount of sediment will rush down through the passage 11 and bury the operator the moment the plugging mechanism 2 is removed. Therefore, the operator needs to enter from the upper end of the fluidized bed reactor to clean the sediment before removing the plugging mechanism 2. The specific operating steps are: use a gas analysis catheter to perform gas analysis on the internal space of the fluidized bed reactor above the distribution plate through the inspection tube 21. If the analysis is unqualified, the gas is replaced and cooled from the bottom of the distribution plate through the inspection tube 21 until the internal space of the fluidized bed reactor above the distribution plate meets the conditions for the operator to enter for maintenance. The operator enters from the upper end of the fluidized bed reactor to clean the sediment above the distribution plate. After cleaning, repeat the above steps to remove the plugging mechanism 2.

[0077] As needed, the above technical solutions can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.

[0078] The above are only the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made based on the principles of the present invention, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distribution plate, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main disk body (1) having a plurality of distribution holes and a blocking mechanism (2) detachably connected to the main disk body (1), wherein the main disk body (1) is provided with a passage (11) for assisting inspection and maintenance, the passage (11) passes through the main disk body (1), and the blocking mechanism (2) is detachably embedded in the passage (11); The blocking mechanism (2) comprises at least one inspection tube (21) with a hollow middle portion, and the inspection tube (21) is used to assist an endoscope in observing the accumulation of sediment above the main disk body (1).

2. The distribution plate according to claim 1, characterized in that The passage (11) is located at the center of the main plate (1), and a plurality of first mounting holes (12) for mounting bubble cap assemblies (5) and at least one sewage pipe opening (13) for connecting a sewage pipe are provided on the main plate (1).

3. The distribution plate according to claim 1, characterized in that The inspection tube (21) is a straight tube or a curved tube that penetrates the blocking mechanism (2) and has its upper end extending upward. The inspection tube (21) is also used to achieve gas replacement and gas cooling.

4. The distribution tray according to claim 3, characterized in that The lower end of the inspection tube (21) is provided with a port flange (211), and the blocking mechanism (2) further comprises a sealing cover (22) connected to the port flange (211) and completely blocking the lower end opening of the inspection tube (21), and the interior of the inspection tube (21) is filled with a filling material.

5. The distribution tray according to claim 3, characterized in that The blocking mechanism (2) comprises a blocking tube section (23) and a bubble cap assembly (5) arranged on the upper surface of the blocking tube section (23); the lower end of the inspection tube (21) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the blocking tube section (23).

6. The distribution tray according to claim 5, characterized in that The blocking mechanism (2) further comprises an upper cover (3) connected to the upper surface of the blocking cylinder section (23) and a lower cover (4) connected to the lower surface of the blocking cylinder section (23); the upper cover (3) and the lower cover (4) are also respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the main disk body (1) to restrict the blocking cylinder section (23) in the passage (11).

7. The distribution tray according to claim 6, characterized in that The upper cover (3) is connected to the upper surface of the sealing cylinder section (23) via an upper fastener, the outer periphery of the upper cover (3) is clamped to the upper end opening of the passage (11), and the lower cover (4) is connected to the lower surface of the main disk body (1) via a lower fastener.

8. The distribution tray according to claim 7, characterized in that The main disk body (1) is provided with a fixing flange at the lower end opening of the passage (11) for connecting with the lower cover (4).

9. A fluidized bed reactor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reactor body, wherein the distribution plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is arranged inside the reactor body.

10. A method for inspecting and maintaining the distribution plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Passing the endoscope upward through the inspection tube (21) to observe the accumulation height of the sediment above the main plate (1); If the accumulation height of the sediment does not exceed the safety height threshold, the internal gas of the fluidized bed reactor is obtained through the inspection tube (21); Analyzing the internal gas to obtain a gas analysis result; If the gas analysis result is qualified, the blocking mechanism (2) is dismantled, and the operator enters the main disk body (1) through the passage (11) to clean the sediment.

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