Waste polyester textile waste pretreatment device for polyester fabric preparation

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of waste polyester textile waste pretreatment, and aims at solving the problems that the specific surface area increasing effect is insufficient in the production process of waste polyester products, and the hollow structure forming effect is affected due to the fact that pore channels of product particles of hollow structures are prone to being closed. The waste polyester textile waste pretreatment device for polyester fabric preparation comprises an extrusion screw rod, a discharge port and an air-entrapping ring, and further comprises a pretreatment device control system; according to the method, the density of the waste polyester textiles is improved through pretreatment, transportation and chemical degradation regeneration are facilitated, the economic radius and the recovery efficiency of the waste polyester textiles are improved, and the density degree of the waste polyester textiles during recovery is guaranteed through air entrapping in the screw extrusion process and hollow arrangement at the discharge port; the specific surface area of the waste polyester textile is increased through a hollow structure and a surface pore structure, and the energy consumption and the production cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of pretreatment of waste polyester textile waste, in particular to a device for pretreatment of waste polyester textile waste used for preparing polyester fabrics. Background Art

[0002] The efficient recycling and reuse of textiles is an important problem that needs to be solved at the end of the textile industry chain. The waste textile industry is huge, but the recycling and reuse efficiency is low. The treatment of waste textiles not only brings a huge economic burden to society, but also brings huge pressure to the environment. The backward recycling and reuse technology and the low product added value are the two major factors that restrict the development and upgrading of the relevant industry chain.

[0003] At present, since waste polyester textiles are not conducive to long-distance transportation, have a small economic radius, and have a bulky volume and low density, the amount of solvent required in the chemical degradation and regeneration process is too large, so it is not economically feasible. Therefore, it is often necessary to densify it before chemical recycling. The most commonly used method is to densify and reduce the volume by screw melt extrusion. This method is closed production, environmentally friendly, and has a relatively clean production process. However, the density increases greatly after melt extrusion granulation, and the specific surface area in the subsequent chemical degradation and regeneration process is small. The chemical regeneration process is prolonged, which increases the energy consumption and cost of production.

[0004] Patent CN219926599U discloses a technical solution, which realizes the hollowing of the granular product through a grid-shaped discharge die head, increases the specific surface area of ​​the product, increases the reaction rate in the chemical degradation and regeneration process, shortens the degradation time, and reduces energy consumption and production costs; however, the solution lacks a sufficient control system for the discharge die head, and the molten waste polyester product is prone to closure, resulting in insufficient hollowness of the product particles. At the same time, the solution can only increase the specific surface area by hollowing, while in actual reactions, the specific surface area increase effect brought by the surface pores is much greater than the specific surface area increase effect brought by the hollow structure;

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0006] In the present invention, the density of waste polyester textiles is improved through pretreatment, which is convenient for transportation and chemical degradation and regeneration, and the economic radius and recycling efficiency of waste polyester textiles are improved. In addition, by adding air during the screw extrusion process and setting the hollow at the discharge port, the density of the waste polyester textiles during recycling is ensured, and the specific surface area of ​​the waste polyester textiles is increased through the hollow structure and the surface pore structure, so that the reaction speed of the chemical degradation and regeneration process is accelerated, and the energy consumption and production cost are reduced, so as to solve the technical defects proposed by the background technology.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: A waste polyester textile waste pretreatment device for preparing polyester fabrics, comprising an extrusion screw, the tail of the extrusion screw is connected to a feeding bin, the outer wall of the extrusion screw and the bottom of the feeding bin are provided with a heating layer, the crushed material inside the extrusion screw is heated by the heating layer, the front end of the extrusion screw is fixedly provided with a discharge port, a plurality of discharge holes are opened on the discharge port, a cutting blade is installed on each discharge hole of the discharge port, a blade is provided on the outer side of the discharge port, the extruded product is cut off by the periodic movement of the blade, and short cylindrical product particles are obtained;

[0008] The heating layer of the outer wall of the extrusion screw ends before the discharge port, so that the molten polyester waste inside the extrusion screw gradually cools down when it moves in the extrusion screw to the discharge port, forming a semi-solidified state;

[0009] The outer wall of the middle section of the extrusion screw is sleeved with at least one group of air filling rings, which are connected to the outer wall of the extrusion screw through air ports, and the air ports are evenly distributed on the air filling ring in a circumferential manner. A baffle inclined along the screw feeding direction is arranged on the outer side of the air port.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a pre-treatment device control system, which includes an aeration control unit, a mixing management unit, a product detection unit and a feeding control unit;

[0011] The gas filling control unit is used to control the gas flow rate entering the gas filling ring;

[0012] The mixing management unit is used to control the rotation speed of the extrusion screw;

[0013] The feeding control unit is used to control the feeding speed of the waste polyester textile scraps in the feeding bin;

[0014] The product detection unit is used to acquire the circumference and density of the product, and generate corresponding adjustment control signals according to the acquired circumference and density and send them to the aeration control unit, the mixing management unit and the feeding control unit.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the product detection unit acquires an image of the product extruded from the discharge port through a camera, acquires a contour image of the extruded product through an edge recognition algorithm, calculates the perimeter of the contour graph of the product extruded from each batch of the discharge holes, and records it as the control perimeter L1. If the control perimeter is not greater than a preset perimeter threshold, an appearance abnormality signal is generated.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the product detection unit sends the abnormal shape signal to the mixing management unit, the mixing management unit obtains the current rotation speed of the extrusion screw and performs a stage-by-stage adjustment on the rotation speed. After the product detection unit performs a stage-by-stage adjustment on the rotation speed, the product detection unit sends an adjustment completion signal to the product detection unit.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the adjustment completion signal, the product detection unit obtains the contour image again and calculates the control perimeter L2 of the contour image. If the control perimeter is greater than a preset perimeter threshold, an adjustment success signal is generated;

[0018] If the controlled circumference is still not greater than the preset circumference threshold, the difference between the calculated controlled circumference L2 and the controlled circumference L1 before adjustment is calculated to obtain the circumference growth value L3, and the number of staged adjustments X is generated through formula analysis. Wherein q is the preset weight coefficient, L0 is the preset circumference threshold, and the product control unit sends the number of staged adjustments X to the hybrid management unit.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the mixing management unit obtains the number of staged adjustments X times, it performs staged adjustments on the rotation speed of the extrusion screw X times, and generates an adjustment termination signal again after the adjustment and sends it to the product detection unit. After obtaining the adjustment termination signal, the product detection unit obtains the controlled circumference of the product through the contour image again after a preset time interval. If the controlled circumference is greater than the preset circumference threshold, an adjustment success signal is generated. If the controlled circumference is still not greater than the preset circumference threshold, an appearance alarm signal is generated.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the product detection unit obtains the weight of each cut product transferred into the receiving bin, and estimates the product density according to the weight change;

[0021] When the density and the preset product density are outside the allowable range, if the density is less than the preset product density, an insufficient density signal is generated, and if the density is greater than the preset product density, an excessive density signal is generated.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the product detection unit sends the insufficient density signal and the excessive density signal to the gas filling control unit and the feeding control unit at the same time. When the gas filling control unit obtains the excessive density signal, the gas flow in the gas filling ring is increased, and the feeding control unit reduces the feeding speed.

[0023] When the gas filling control unit obtains the signal of insufficient density, it reduces the gas flow in the gas filling ring, and the feeding control unit increases the feeding speed;

[0024] After the feeding control unit and the gas adding control unit adjust the gas flow rate and the feeding speed, the product detection unit detects the product density again after a preset time, and generates an excessive density signal, an insufficient density signal or a normal density signal again, thereby realizing the follow-up coupling adjustment of the feeding control unit and the gas adding control unit following the change of product density.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. In the present invention, when recycling waste polyester textiles, the density of the waste polyester textiles is improved during pretreatment, which is convenient for transportation and chemical degradation and regeneration, and the economic radius and recycling efficiency of the waste polyester textiles are improved. At the same time, when pretreating the waste polyester textiles, aeration is performed during the screw extrusion process and the hollow setting at the discharge port is performed, which not only ensures the density of the waste polyester textiles during recycling, but also increases the specific surface area of ​​the waste polyester textiles through the hollow structure and the surface pore structure, so that the reaction speed of the chemical degradation and regeneration process is accelerated, and the energy consumption and production cost are reduced.

[0027] 2. In the present invention, when waste polyester textiles are subjected to extrusion processing, the contour image of the product is obtained by machine vision, and the molding integrity of the hollow structure is judged based on the contour image. When the molding integrity is insufficient, the extrusion process is adjusted in time to ensure the molding integrity of the product during extrusion.

[0028] 3. In the present invention, the density of the polyester textile particles is detected. When the density of the polyester particles does not meet the design standards, the density of the polyester particles is adjusted by adjusting the amount of air added and the amount of material added, so that the polyester particles can have surface pores while ensuring that the density meets the standard, which can ensure transportation economy and increase the specific surface area, so that the chemical degradation process meets production needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the discharge port structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the baffle structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 is a system block diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a system flow chart of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Extrusion screw; 2. Feeding bin; 3. Air filling ring; 4. Discharge port; 5. Receiving bin; 6. Cutting disc; 7. Baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, a waste polyester textile waste pretreatment device for preparing polyester fabrics comprises an extrusion screw 1, the tail of the extrusion screw 1 is connected to a feeding bin 2, the feeding bin 2 is used to input the waste polyester textile scraps crushed according to certain specifications, wherein a storage bin is arranged above the feeding bin 2, and the bottom of the storage bin is connected to the feeding bin 2 through a valve with controllable opening, and the storage bin controls the speed of the raw materials entering the feeding bin 2 by controlling the opening of the valve;

[0039] A heating layer is provided on the outer wall of the extrusion screw 1 and the bottom of the feeding bin 2, and the scraps inside the extrusion screw 1 are heated by the heating layer, so that the scraps become molten under the action of high heat, and the molten polyester waste is pushed forward under the action of the extrusion screw 1;

[0040] A discharge port 4 is fixedly mounted at the front end of the extrusion screw 1. The discharge port 4 is provided with a plurality of discharge holes for extruding the molten polyester waste. A cutting blade 6 is mounted on each discharge hole of the discharge port 4. The cutting blade 6 is in a 'M' shape. One side of the 'M' shape is welded to the edge of the discharge hole, and a certain gap is maintained between the other edges and the discharge hole.

[0041] When the molten polyester waste passes through the discharge hole, it is squeezed by the cutting blade 6, so that the polyester waste is cut into a structure with gaps inside during extrusion. At the same time, the existence of the gap keeps the polyester waste in a cylindrical structure. A blade is arranged outside the discharge port 4. The blade periodically moves to cut the extruded product to obtain short cylindrical product particles.

[0042] The heating layer of the outer wall of the extrusion screw 1 ends before approaching the discharge port 4, so that the molten polyester waste inside the extrusion screw 1 gradually cools down when moving in the extrusion screw 1 to approach the discharge port 4, forming a semi-solidified state, which is convenient for the polyester waste to be shaped when being extruded from the discharge hole on the discharge port 4;

[0043] At least one group of air filling rings 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the middle section of the extrusion screw 1. The air filling ring 3 is connected to the outer wall of the extrusion screw 1 through an air port, and the air port is evenly distributed on the air filling ring 3 in a circular shape. A baffle 7 inclined along the feeding direction of the extrusion screw 1 is provided on the outer side of the air port. The baffle 7 is used to block the material in the extrusion screw 1 from clogging the air port. The air filling ring 3 is supplied with gas through an external air supply pipeline. An electrically controlled valve is provided on the external air supply pipeline. The air supply speed of the air filling ring 3 to the extrusion screw 1 is changed by adjusting the opening of the valve.

[0044] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, a waste polyester textile waste pretreatment device for preparing polyester fabrics also includes a pretreatment device control system, the pretreatment device control system includes an air addition control unit, a mixing management unit, a product detection unit and a feeding control unit;

[0045] The gas filling control unit controls the gas flow rate entering the gas filling ring 3, the mixing management unit is used to control the rotation speed of the extrusion screw 1, and the feeding control unit is used to control the feeding speed of the storage bin above the feeding bin 2 into the feeding bin 2.

[0046] The product detection unit is used to detect the product extruded from the discharge port 4. During the detection, the product extruded from the discharge port 4 is photographed by a camera, and the shooting direction of the camera is facing the discharge port 4 and the axis of the camera is colinear with the axis of the discharge port 4. The image obtained by the shooting is used to obtain the contour image of the extruded product through an edge recognition algorithm, and for each cut, the sum of the perimeters of the contour graphics of the products extruded from all the discharge holes of the current batch is calculated and recorded as the control perimeter L1. The product detection unit compares the control perimeter with a preset perimeter threshold. If the control perimeter is greater than the preset perimeter threshold, a normal appearance signal is generated. If the control perimeter is not greater than the preset perimeter threshold, an abnormal appearance signal is generated.

[0047] After generating the shape abnormality signal, the product detection unit sends the shape abnormality signal to the mixing management unit. The mixing management unit obtains the current rotation speed of the extrusion screw 1 and performs a stage-by-stage adjustment on the rotation speed to slow down the rotation speed of the extrusion screw 1. The rotation speed ratio of each stage-by-stage adjustment is a preset fixed ratio. After performing a stage-by-stage adjustment on the rotation speed, the product detection unit sends an adjustment completion signal to the product detection unit.

[0048] After obtaining the adjustment completion signal, the product detection unit starts timing, and after a preset time interval, the contour image of the extruded product is obtained again through the image, and the control perimeter L2 of the contour image is calculated. If the control perimeter is greater than the preset perimeter threshold, an adjustment success signal is generated. If the control perimeter is still not greater than the preset perimeter threshold, the difference between the control perimeter L2 obtained by this calculation and the control perimeter L1 before adjustment is calculated to obtain the perimeter growth value L3, and the number of staged adjustments X is generated through formula analysis. Where q is the preset weight coefficient, L0 is the preset perimeter threshold, and the product control unit sends the phased adjustment number X to the hybrid management unit;

[0049] After the mixing management unit obtains the number of staged adjustments X, the rotation speed of the extrusion screw 1 is staged X times, and after the adjustment, an adjustment termination signal is generated again and sent to the product detection unit. After obtaining the adjustment termination signal, the product detection unit obtains the controlled circumference of the product through the contour image again after a preset time interval. If the controlled circumference is greater than the preset circumference threshold, an adjustment success signal is generated. If the controlled circumference is still not greater than the preset circumference threshold, an appearance alarm signal is generated, and the appearance alarm signal is sent to the display device through the network, and an audible and visual alarm is performed through the display device;

[0050] After each stage-by-stage adjustment of the rotation speed, the mixing management unit generates a follow-up control signal and sends it to the feeding control unit. The feeding control unit increases or decreases the feeding speed following the increase or decrease of the rotation speed of the extrusion screw 1.

[0051] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, the product detection unit detects the weight in the receiving bin 5, obtains the weight of each cut product falling into the receiving bin 5, and estimates the density of each cut product according to the weight change caused by each feeding and the preset cut volume. The preset cut volume is determined by the extrusion speed of the extrusion screw 1 and the blade cutting cycle at the discharge port 4. The product detection unit compares the product density with the preset density:

[0052] If the difference between the density and the preset product density is within the allowable range, a normal density signal is generated. When the density and the preset product density are outside the allowable range, if the density is less than the preset product density, an insufficient density signal is generated. If the density is greater than the preset product density, an excessive density signal is generated.

[0053] The method for the product detection unit to weigh the weight of the cut product is as follows: when the product falls into the receiving bin 5, the product will impact the receiving bin 5, causing weight fluctuations. When the weight fluctuation returns to a stable state after a peak, the weight data in the receiving bin 5 is obtained and recorded as the bin weight. The difference between the two adjacent bin weights is calculated to obtain the weight of the product that falls into the receiving bin 5 at that time;

[0054] The product detection unit sends the insufficient density signal and the excessive density signal to the gas filling control unit and the feeding control unit at the same time. When the gas filling control unit obtains the excessive density signal, it increases the gas flow in the gas filling ring 3, and the feeding control unit reduces the feeding speed.

[0055] When the gas filling control unit obtains the insufficient density signal, it reduces the gas flow in the gas filling ring 3, and the feeding control unit increases the feeding speed;

[0056] After the feeding control unit and the gas filling control unit adjust the gas flow and feeding speed, the product detection unit detects the product density again after a preset time, and generates an excessive density signal, an insufficient density signal or a normal density signal again, thereby realizing the follow-up coupling adjustment of the feeding control unit and the gas filling control unit following the changes in product density.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A waste polyester textile waste pretreatment device for preparing polyester fabrics, comprising an extrusion screw (1), the tail of the extrusion screw (1) is connected to a feeding bin (2), the outer wall of the extrusion screw (1) and the bottom of the feeding bin (2) are provided with a heating layer, and the scraps inside the extrusion screw (1) are heated by the heating layer, characterized in that: A discharge port (4) is fixedly mounted at the front end of the extrusion screw (1), and a plurality of discharge holes are formed on the discharge port (4). A cutting blade (6) is mounted on each discharge hole of the discharge port (4), and a blade is disposed outside the discharge port (4). The extruded product is cut off by the periodic movement of the blade to obtain short cylindrical product particles. The heating layer on the outer wall of the extrusion screw (1) ends before approaching the discharge port (4), so that the molten polyester waste inside the extrusion screw (1) gradually cools down when moving in the extrusion screw (1) close to the discharge port (4), forming a semi-solidified state; At least one group of air filling rings (3) is sleeved on the outer wall of the middle section of the extrusion screw (1), and the air filling rings (3) are connected to the outer wall of the extrusion screw (1) through air ports, and the air ports are evenly distributed on the circumference of the air filling ring (3), and a baffle (7) inclined along the screw feeding direction is arranged on the outer side of the air port.

2. The device for pre-treating waste polyester textile materials for preparing polyester fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pre-treatment device control system, which includes an aeration control unit, a mixing management unit, a product detection unit and a feeding control unit; The gas filling control unit is used to control the gas flow rate entering the gas filling ring (3); The mixing management unit is used to control the rotation speed of the extrusion screw (1); The feeding control unit is used to control the feeding speed of the waste polyester textile scraps in the feeding bin (2); The product detection unit is used to acquire the circumference and density of the product, and generate corresponding adjustment control signals according to the acquired circumference and density and send them to the aeration control unit, the mixing management unit and the feeding control unit.

3. The device for pre-treating waste polyester textile materials for preparing polyester fabrics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The product detection unit acquires an image of the product extruded from the discharge port (4) by means of a camera, and acquires a contour image of the extruded product by means of an edge recognition algorithm, calculates the perimeter of the contour graph of the product extruded from each batch of the discharge holes, and records it as a control perimeter L1; if the control perimeter is not greater than a preset perimeter threshold, an appearance abnormality signal is generated.

4. The device for pre-treating waste polyester textile materials for preparing polyester fabrics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The product detection unit sends the shape abnormality signal to the mixing management unit, which obtains the current rotation speed of the extrusion screw (1) and performs a phased adjustment on the rotation speed through the motor at the tail of the extrusion screw (1). After the product detection unit performs the phased adjustment on the rotation speed, it sends an adjustment completion signal to the product detection unit.

5. The device for pre-treating waste polyester textile materials for preparing polyester fabrics according to claim 4, characterized in that: After obtaining the adjustment completion signal, the product detection unit obtains the contour image again and calculates the control perimeter L2 of the contour image. If the control perimeter is greater than the preset perimeter threshold, an adjustment success signal is generated; If the controlled circumference is still not greater than the preset circumference threshold, the difference between the calculated controlled circumference L2 and the controlled circumference L1 before adjustment is calculated to obtain the circumference growth value L3, and the number of staged adjustments X is generated through formula analysis. Wherein q is the preset weight coefficient, L0 is the preset circumference threshold, and the product control unit sends the number of staged adjustments X to the hybrid management unit.

6. The device for pre-treating waste polyester textile materials for preparing polyester fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the mixing management unit obtains the number of staged adjustments X, it performs staged adjustments on the rotation speed of the extrusion screw (1) X times, and generates an adjustment termination signal again after the adjustment and sends it to the product detection unit. After obtaining the adjustment termination signal, the product detection unit again passes through the contour image of the controlled circumference of the Huqiu product after a preset time interval. If the controlled circumference is greater than a preset circumference threshold, an adjustment success signal is generated. If the controlled circumference is still not greater than the preset circumference threshold, an appearance alarm signal is generated.

7. The device for pre-treating waste polyester textile materials for preparing polyester fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The product detection unit obtains the weight of each cut product transferred into the receiving bin (5), and estimates the product density based on the weight change; When the density and the preset product density are outside the allowable range, if the density is less than the preset product density, an insufficient density signal is generated, and if the density is greater than the preset product density, an excessive density signal is generated.

8. The device for pre-treating waste polyester textile materials for preparing polyester fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The product detection unit sends the insufficient density signal and the excessive density signal to the gas filling control unit and the feeding control unit at the same time. When the gas filling control unit obtains the excessive density signal, the gas flow in the gas filling ring (3) is increased, and the feeding control unit reduces the feeding speed. When the gas filling control unit obtains the insufficient density signal, the gas flow in the gas filling ring (3) is reduced, and the feeding control unit increases the feeding speed; After the feeding control unit and the gas adding control unit adjust the gas flow rate and the feeding speed, the product detection unit detects the product density again after a preset time, and generates an excessive density signal, an insufficient density signal or a normal density signal again, thereby realizing the follow-up coupling adjustment of the feeding control unit and the gas adding control unit following the change of product density.

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