Automobile tire health state monitoring system and method based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hub cover

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile tire health state monitoring system and method based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting hub cover, and belongs to the technical field of automobile health monitoring. Comprising a hub cover and a signal acquisition module, a plurality of mounting tables are arranged at the end of the hub cover, the mounting tables are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the hub cover, and piezoelectric energy harvesting parts are arranged in the mounting tables; the signal acquisition module is arranged on the hub cover and is electrically connected with the piezoelectric energy harvesting component; the signal collection module is used for collecting tire vibration information in the automobile driving process so as to extract characteristic parameters based on the tire vibration information and monitor the state of a tire through the characteristic parameters. Energy is collected through rotation of the tire in the vehicle running process, meanwhile, the energy is stored and used for detecting the health state of the tire through the sensor, the vibration sensor is used for collecting the vibration information of the tire, the health state of the tire is monitored based on the vibration information of the tire, and the problem that existing tire abnormity cannot be found in time is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile health monitoring, and in particular to an automobile tire health status monitoring system and method based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely mention background art related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As one of the key components of a car, the health status of the tire not only affects the stability and comfort of the vehicle's driving, but is also closely related to the driver's life safety. Although modern cars are equipped with a large number of sensors, there is still a lack of effective monitoring methods for the health status of car tires.

[0004] Most existing vehicles use tire pressure monitoring systems to provide feedback on the health status of tires. However, this technology can only provide an early warning when the tire pressure leaks. In many cases, tire gas leakage is a long process. For example, if a nail pierces the tire or part of the surface is severely worn, the tire pressure will not leak seriously in the short term to reach the tire pressure alarm state, but the health status of the tire has already had serious problems. Continuing to drive may cause serious accidents such as wheel wear and tire blowout. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a vehicle tire health status monitoring system and method based on a piezoelectric energy-capturing hub cover, which monitors the tire health status by collecting tire vibration information so as to promptly detect vehicle failures; at the same time, piezoelectric energy capture is used to power the information collection module to achieve continuous monitoring of the tire health status.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap;

[0007] A vehicle tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap comprises:

[0008] A hub cover, wherein a plurality of mounting platforms are arranged at the end of the hub cover, the mounting platforms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hub cover, and a piezoelectric energy-harvesting component is arranged inside the mounting platforms;

[0009] A signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the piezoelectric energy-harvesting component; the signal acquisition module is used to collect tire vibration information during vehicle driving, to extract characteristic parameters based on the tire vibration information, and to monitor the status of the tire through the characteristic parameters.

[0010] In some embodiments, the piezoelectric energy-harvesting component includes a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic layers, and a substrate layer is disposed between adjacent piezoelectric ceramic layers.

[0011] In some embodiments, a buffer layer is disposed on the outer side of the piezoelectric ceramic layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, a support spring is provided between the piezoelectric energy-harvesting component and the mounting platform, and the support spring is an arched spring structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, a connecting plate is provided between adjacent mounting platforms, and the connecting plate and the mounting platform are an integral structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition module includes an energy storage management chip, an energy storage module, a vibration sensor, and an analog-to-digital conversion module;

[0015] The piezoelectric energy-harvesting component is electrically connected to the energy storage management chip, the energy storage management chip is electrically connected to the energy storage module, the energy storage module is electrically connected to the vibration sensor, and the vibration sensor is communicatively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition module is disposed in the middle of the hub cover.

[0017] In some embodiments, the extracting characteristic parameters based on tire vibration information and monitoring the tire status through the characteristic parameters specifically includes: extracting features from the tire vibration information through wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, inputting the extracted results into a trained tire status monitoring model for processing, and obtaining the tire status.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the health status of automobile tires based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap;

[0019] A method for monitoring the health status of a car tire based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap, based on the above-mentioned system for monitoring the health status of a car tire based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap, comprises:

[0020] Get tire vibration information;

[0021] Extract characteristic parameters based on tire vibration information and monitor the tire status through the characteristic parameters;

[0022] The tire vibration information is collected by an information collection module, and the information collection module is arranged on the hub cover and powered by a piezoelectric energy-capturing component.

[0023] In some embodiments, the extracting characteristic parameters based on tire vibration information and monitoring the health status of the tire through the characteristic parameters specifically includes: extracting features from the tire vibration information through wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, inputting the extracted results into a trained tire status monitoring model for processing, and obtaining the tire status.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The technical solution provided by the present invention is to install an information collection module on the automobile hub cover to detect tire vibration information during the operation of the automobile, and monitor the health status of the tire based on the vibration information so as to detect potential tire failures in a timely manner, thereby greatly improving driving safety.

[0026] 2. The technical solution provided by the present invention realizes the collection of energy during tire rotation and converts it into voltage through the cooperation of piezoelectric energy-harvesting components, energy storage management chips and energy storage modules, which is used to provide power to the information collection module and realize continuous monitoring of tire vibration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hub cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a piezoelectric energy-harvesting component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1. hub cover; 2. support spring; 3. piezoelectric energy-harvesting component; 4. buffer layer; 5. signal acquisition module; 101. mounting platform; 102. mounting hole; 103. mounting groove; 104. mounting surface; 201. mounting column; 301. substrate layer; 302. piezoelectric ceramic layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0033] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Currently, the health status of automobile tires is mostly monitored by monitoring the tire pressure, which has a certain lag and makes it difficult to detect potential tire hazards in a timely manner; therefore, the present invention provides a automobile tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cover.

[0036] Next, combine Figure 1-Figure 3 , a vehicle tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cover disclosed in this embodiment is described in detail.

[0037] The automobile tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cover comprises a hub cover 1, a signal acquisition module 5 and a vehicle controller, wherein the signal acquisition module 5 comprises a circuit board, an energy storage management chip, an energy storage module, a vibration sensor and an analog-to-digital conversion module, and the energy storage management chip, the energy storage module, the vibration sensor and the analog-to-digital conversion module are mounted on the circuit board; four mounting platforms 101 are mounted on the end of the hub cover 1, the mounting platforms 101 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hub cover 1, a piezoelectric energy-harvesting component 3 is mounted in the mounting platforms 101, and a mounting surface 104 of the signal acquisition module 5 is provided between the mounting platforms 101, and the signal acquisition module 5 is mounted on the mounting surface 10 4; the piezoelectric energy-capturing component 3 is electrically connected to the energy storage management chip, the energy storage management chip is electrically connected to the energy storage module, the energy storage module is electrically connected to the vibration sensor, and the vibration sensor is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module through a data line communication connection; when the piezoelectric energy-capturing component 3 is subjected to force and bends and deforms during the driving process of the vehicle, a voltage is generated and output to the energy storage management chip, which is then stored in the energy storage module through the energy storage management chip, and the vibration sensor is powered by the energy storage module. The vibration sensor collects tire vibration information during the driving process of the vehicle, and transmits it to the vehicle controller through the analog-to-digital conversion module. The vehicle controller extracts characteristic parameters based on the tire vibration information and monitors the status of the tire through the characteristic parameters.

[0038] In this embodiment, the energy storage management chip is an LTC3588 piezoelectric energy collector, the energy storage module is a capacitor or a battery, and the vibration sensor is made of a piezoelectric fiber composite material and is adhered to the hub surface by epoxy resin glue.

[0039] Furthermore, the mounting platform 101 is a blade-shaped annular platform structure, and mounting grooves 103 with square groove structures are provided at both ends of the mounting platform 101, and mounting holes 102 with two circular groove structures are provided on both sides of the mounting platform 101; the two ends of the piezoelectric energy-capturing component 3 are respectively installed in the corresponding mounting grooves 103 to be fixed inside the mounting platform 101; a support spring 2 is installed between the piezoelectric energy-capturing component 3 and the mounting platform 101, and the support spring 2 is an arch spring structure, and the number is 8, 2 support springs 2 form a group, and are installed on the corresponding mounting platform 101; the two ends of the support spring 2 are connected to the mounting column 201, and the mounting column 201 extends into the mounting hole 102 to fix the support spring 2 between the corresponding piezoelectric energy-capturing component 3 and the mounting platform 101, and the mounting column 201 uses the support spring 2 to support the piezoelectric energy-capturing component 3 while the spring is deformed, which does not affect the deformation of the piezoelectric energy-capturing component 3.

[0040] Based on this, through the cooperation of the blade-shaped annular platform structure, the arch spring structure and other components, a reliable installation structure is provided for the piezoelectric energy-harvesting component 3, and at the same time, a certain protection effect is played on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting component 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the piezoelectric energy-capturing component 3 is a piezoelectric sheet, which is a rectangular thin sheet structure and includes two piezoelectric ceramic layers 302, with a substrate layer 301 pasted between adjacent piezoelectric ceramic layers 302; a buffer layer 4 is pasted in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic layer 302 to reduce the wear of the piezoelectric sheet by the supporting spring 2 during deformation.

[0042] In this embodiment, the base layer 301 is made of an aluminum plate, and the piezoelectric ceramic layer 302 is adhered to the base layer 301. This is an existing manufacturing process of the piezoelectric sheet, which will not be described in detail. Here, considering that the piezoelectric ceramic layer 302 is brittle and easily damaged, a buffer layer 4 is added to the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic layer 302, and the buffer layer 4 can be made of a buffer sponge.

[0043] Furthermore, feature parameters are extracted based on tire vibration information, and the health status of the tire is monitored through the feature parameters. Specifically, feature extraction is performed on the tire vibration information through wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, and the extracted results are input into a trained LSTM network for processing to obtain the tire status.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] Based on the automobile tire health status monitoring system based on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap described in Example 1, this embodiment discloses an automobile tire health status monitoring method based on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap, which is applied to the vehicle controller and includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. Obtain tire vibration information.

[0047] The tire vibration information is collected by a vibration sensor installed on the hub cover 1 , converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital conversion module, and then transmitted to the vehicle controller. The vibration sensor is powered by the piezoelectric energy capture component 3 .

[0048] S2. Extract characteristic parameters based on tire vibration information and monitor the tire status through the characteristic parameters. Specifically including:

[0049] S201. Process tire vibration information by using a time-frequency analysis method to extract characteristic parameters, wherein the characteristic parameters include amplitude, energy, vibration frequency and mode.

[0050] Specifically, the tire vibration information is feature extracted through wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform to obtain amplitude, energy, frequency and mode.

[0051] S202: Input the characteristic parameters into the trained tire condition monitoring model for processing, obtain the tire condition and transmit it to the instrument panel for display.

[0052] In this embodiment, the tire state monitoring model is an LSTM network, which includes a forget gate, an input gate and an output gate; the input is a feature parameter, and the output is a tire state; before use, a training set is constructed using the collected amplitude, energy, vibration frequency, mode and other data and the corresponding tire state is labeled, and the labeled training set is used to train the LSTM network until the training is completed.

[0053] The characteristic parameter sequence is represented as X = {x1, x2, ..., x t , ..., x n} as an example to further explain the data processing flow of the improved LSTM network:

[0054] Specifically, the feature parameter sequence is processed through the LSTM network, and its information cycle process is as follows:

[0055] f t =σ(w f x t +u f k t +b f );

[0056] i t =σ(w i x t +u i k t-1 +b i );

[0057]

[0058] c t =it c t +c t-1 f i ;

[0059] o t =σ(w o x t +u o k t-1 +b o );

[0060] k t =o t tan h(c t );

[0061] In the formula, x t is the characteristic parameter sequence X = {x1, x2, ..., x t , ..., x n}, w f 、w i w o 、u f 、u i 、u c 、u o , b f , b i , b c , b o is a trainable model parameter, σ is the sigmoid function, k t and k t-1 They are the current and previous states respectively.

[0062] The description of each embodiment in the above embodiments has different emphases. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A car tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap, characterized in that: include: A hub cover, wherein a plurality of mounting platforms are arranged at the end of the hub cover, the mounting platforms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hub cover, and a piezoelectric energy-harvesting component is arranged inside the mounting platforms; A signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the piezoelectric energy-harvesting component; the signal acquisition module is used to collect tire vibration information during vehicle driving, to extract characteristic parameters based on the tire vibration information, and to monitor the status of the tire through the characteristic parameters.

2. The automobile tire health status monitoring system based on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The piezoelectric energy-harvesting component includes a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic layers, and a substrate layer is arranged between adjacent piezoelectric ceramic layers.

3. The automobile tire health status monitoring system based on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A buffer layer is arranged on the outer side of the piezoelectric ceramic layer.

4. The automobile tire health status monitoring system based on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A support spring is arranged between the piezoelectric energy-harvesting component and the mounting platform, and the support spring is an arched spring structure.

5. The automobile tire health status monitoring system based on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A connecting plate is arranged between adjacent mounting platforms, and the connecting plate and the mounting platform are an integral structure.

6. The automobile tire health status monitoring system based on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal acquisition module includes an energy storage management chip, an energy storage module, a vibration sensor and an analog-to-digital conversion module; The piezoelectric energy-harvesting component is electrically connected to the energy storage management chip, the energy storage management chip is electrically connected to the energy storage module, the energy storage module is electrically connected to the vibration sensor, and the vibration sensor is communicatively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

7. The automobile tire health status monitoring system based on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal acquisition module is arranged in the middle of the hub cover.

8. The automobile tire health status monitoring system based on the piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of extracting characteristic parameters based on tire vibration information and monitoring the health status of the tire through the characteristic parameters specifically includes: extracting characteristics of the tire vibration information through wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, inputting the extracted results into a trained tire status monitoring model for processing, and obtaining the tire status.

9. A method for monitoring the health status of a car tire based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap, based on a system for monitoring the health status of a car tire based on a piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub cap as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Get tire vibration information; Extract characteristic parameters based on tire vibration information and monitor the tire status through the characteristic parameters; The tire vibration information is collected by an information collection module, and the information collection module is arranged on the hub cover and powered by a piezoelectric energy-capturing component.

10. The method for monitoring the health status of automobile tires based on piezoelectric energy-harvesting hub caps according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method of extracting characteristic parameters based on tire vibration information and monitoring the health status of the tire through the characteristic parameters specifically includes: extracting characteristics of the tire vibration information through wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, inputting the extracted results into a trained tire status monitoring model for processing, and obtaining the tire status.

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