Mud residue soil-based open pore type functional load material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building material treatment, in particular to a mud residue soil-based open pore type functional load material and a preparation method thereof. A loading material comprises slurry and lauryl foam, the slurry and the lauryl foam are mixed, and the slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1000 parts of dry muck, 200-300 parts of a geopolymer-based curing agent, 650-750 parts of water, 1-2 parts of an anti-dispersing agent and 30-60 parts of a pore opening agent; the geopolymer-based curing agent comprises cement, metakaolin and water glass in a mass ratio of 32: 48: 20. A large amount of engineering waste muck is adopted as a main raw material, resource utilization of the muck is achieved, meanwhile, a geopolymer-based curing agent is adopted as the curing agent, curing is efficient, environment-friendly and safe, and the loading material has the performance similar to that of sponge and can reach the high aperture ratio under any density.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building material processing, and in particular to an open-pored functional load material based on residual mud and slag soil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of flow materials, such as concrete, mortar, etc. In order to meet more complex application conditions, more functions have been derived. For example, in order to reduce the dead weight of concrete, many foamed concretes have appeared (CN202210286747.2). In addition, ultra-high porosity lightweight permeable concrete (CN116217263B) has been derived, which overcomes the problem of large pores and easy clogging in traditional permeable concrete.

[0003] However, existing fluid materials have the following problems: (1) Traditional concrete requires a large amount of cement, rather than using cheap, naturally available admixtures such as waste construction debris. This is expensive and has no benefits in terms of waste recycling or waste resource utilization.

[0004] (2) Even if traditional foam concrete has a large number of pores, its open porosity is still low, its water permeability is poor, and the connectivity between the internal pores and the outside world is poor, such as CN202210286747.2.

[0005] (3) The existing ultra-high porosity lightweight permeable concrete is only used to increase its porosity and thus enhance its permeability. It has very simple functionality and a very narrow scope of use and application scenarios, such as CN116217263B.

[0006] (4) In addition to using a large amount of cement, ultra-high porosity lightweight permeable concrete also adds very complex chemical materials such as aluminum stearate, sodium perfluorosilicone, vinyl trichlorosilane, etc., which are harmful to the human body and are not environmentally friendly. The materials are expensive and not economical. The production process is complicated and requires high-temperature roasting, which increases carbon emissions and energy consumption, such as CN202011406935.1.

[0007] (5) Existing ultra-high porosity lightweight permeable concrete uses volatile substances to create interconnected pores. In fact, the volatile substances are difficult to evaporate and overflow from the inside of the concrete. They only evaporate on the surface, resulting in a low actual connectivity rate. Summary of the invention

[0008] The invention provides a residual mud and slag-based open-pored functional load material and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems existing in the existing fluid materials.

[0009] The invention provides a residual mud and slag-based open-pore functional load material, comprising a slurry and lauryl foam, wherein the slurry and the lauryl foam are mixed, and the slurry comprises the following raw materials in mass proportions: 1000 parts of dry slag, 200-300 parts of geopolymer-based curing agent, 650-750 parts of water, 1-2 parts of anti-dispersion agent, and 30-60 parts of opening agent; the geopolymer-based curing agent comprises cement, metakaolin, and water glass in a mass ratio of 32:48:20; The slurry and the lauryl foam are in an alkaline fluid state when they are just mixed and prepared, and are in a loose porous solid state containing interconnected pores after solidification.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cement is silicate cement.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the modulus of the water glass is 1.2.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the dry slag is the product of shield slag after mud and sand separation and solid-liquid separation.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the anti-dispersant is polyacrylamide.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pore opening agent comprises the following raw materials in the following mass proportions: 1-6% water, 66-76% polyethylene glycol, and 23-28% polypropylene glycol.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the open-pored functional load material based on residual mud and slag also includes a multifunctional material, the mass fraction of the multifunctional material is 5 to 25 parts, and the multifunctional material includes a chemical catalyst, a metal oxide, a nanomaterial, a polymer material, and a biologically active substance.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material, comprising the following steps: S1. The pre-dried waste soil and water are placed in a blender and mixed to form a slurry; S2. Sequentially add cement and kaolin to the mixer for further stirring; S3. Add the anti-dispersant powder into the blender and mix well; S4. Add a pore opening agent to the stirrer and stir; S5. Add the desired multifunctional material to the stirrer and stir thoroughly to uniformly disperse the multifunctional material in the slurry; S6. Add water glass to the stirrer and stir; S7. Add lauryl foam into the blender and mix to form a loose porous material, which is then cured.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the dried dry soil is sieved, the aperture of the sieve is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the dry soil with a particle size less than or equal to 0.5 mm after sieving is put into a stirrer and mixed with water.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S7, the prefabrication process of the lauryl foam is: blending the lauryl foaming agent with water in a ratio of 1:40, and foaming the mixture using a foaming machine; and adding the prefabricated lauryl foam into a blender.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using a large amount of engineering waste slag as the main raw material, realizing the resource utilization of slag, and using a geopolymer-based curing agent as the curing agent, the curing is efficient, environmentally friendly and safe, and the amount of cement, metakaolin, fly ash, etc. is greatly reduced, which greatly reduces the process pressure of treating waste, and the material is economical and environmentally friendly. In addition, the load material has sponge-like properties and can achieve a high open porosity at any density. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the preparation method of the residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material of the present invention; Figure 2 The density is 600kg / m 3 The performance of common porous support material filling body in water; Figure 3 The density is 600kg / m 3 The performance of the open-pored support material packing body of the present invention in water is shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] The invention discloses a residual mud and slag-based open-pore functional load material, comprising a slurry and lauryl foam, wherein the slurry and the lauryl foam are mixed, wherein the slurry comprises the following raw materials in mass proportions: 1000 parts of dry slag, 200-300 parts of geopolymer-based curing agent, 650-750 parts of water, 1-2 parts of anti-dispersion agent, and 30-60 parts of opening agent; the geopolymer-based curing agent comprises cement, metakaolin, and water glass in a mass ratio of 32:48:20; The slurry and the lauryl foam are in an alkaline fluid state when they are just mixed and prepared, and become a loose porous solid state containing interconnected pores after solidification.

[0023] Lightweight, porous, open-cell mud is made from mud and lauryl foam. It is pourable right after preparation. The load material is cured by the polymerization reaction of silicate stimulated by geopolymer-based curing agent under alkaline conditions. After curing, it is a loose, porous solid state with interconnected pores, forming an open-cell functional load material. The material has a large specific surface area, can pass water and air, and can load multifunctional materials. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, although the common porous support material filling body is porous, the connectivity is low and it is not water-permeable and air-permeable, so water cannot enter the interior of the material; while the open-pored support material filling body of the present invention can quickly absorb water and sink when the density is much lower than that of water, proving that the connectivity of its pores is very good and it has excellent air-permeability and water-permeability.

[0024] According to the characteristics of the open-cell functional load material, waste gas and waste water can be purified through the material, and the material can play a role in catalysis, waste water and waste gas purification and other fields. Since the geopolymer-based curing agent in the raw material provides an alkaline environment, the PAM anti-dispersant is also alkaline, and the foaming agent is also alkaline to a certain extent, the final load material is alkaline. The alkaline product produced by the geopolymer reaction can react with the carbon dioxide in the gas to achieve a carbon fixation effect. This open-cell functional load material uses a large amount of waste gas slag as raw material, which solves the problem of the whereabouts of the slag, and the material is economical and environmentally friendly.

[0025] The pore opener accounts for 3-6 parts of the total mass, and the lauryl foam is used to adjust the porosity and density. The lauryl foam has good compatibility with the pore opener. Direct mixing with the pore opener will defoam, and mixing with the mud body can stabilize the pores. Mix dry slag, geopolymer-based curing agent, water, pore opener, and PAM to make a mud body, and mix it with lauryl foam to make foam mud. During the curing process over time, the pore opener plays a pore-opening role to connect the pores. Tap water can be used for mixing.

[0026] The load material is alkaline and reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to generate carbonates which remain in the material, thus achieving the effect of carbon fixation.

[0027] The cement is silicate cement. The modulus of water glass is 1.2. The curing agent in this test adopts a geopolymer-based curing agent, which is composed of ordinary silicate cement and kaolin, and uses water glass with a modulus of 1.2 to stimulate the kaolin. Water glass with a modulus of 1.2 has good solubility, hardening speed, adhesion and strength. Cement, kaolin and water glass are prepared in a certain proportion (32:48:20). It is efficient in curing slag, environmentally friendly and safe, and has good durability.

[0028] Dry slag is the product of shield slag after mud and sand separation and solid-liquid separation. A large amount of waste slag is used as raw material. Dry slag is taken from the shield slag processing area. It is the product of shield slag after mud and sand separation and solid-liquid separation. The waste slag is solidified to realize the resource utilization of slag.

[0029] The anti-dispersant is polyacrylamide (PAM), which can stabilize the foam, improve the toughness of the foam, and prevent the foam from being too fragile and defoamed by the cell-opening agent.

[0030] The pore opening agent includes the following raw materials in the following mass proportions: 1-6% water, 66-76% polyethylene glycol, and 23-28% polypropylene glycol. The added pore opening agent is a surfactant, containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments or groups, adsorbed on the surface of the bubbles, and by adjusting the thickness of the water film on the foam wall, the gas in the pores is easy to break through the wall film, thereby increasing its opening rate.

[0031] Through experiments, it is found that the pore opening agent will react violently with the foam produced by the foaming machine, thereby defoaming. Therefore, if the foam wall is too thin or the surrounding liquid is not stable enough, it is easy to eliminate the foam in the mud prematurely during the pore opening process. Therefore, adding PAM can increase the cohesion of the mud, reduce fluidity, and greatly reduce the defoaming rate during the pore opening process.

[0032] This open-pored functional load material based on residual mud and slag has a large specific surface area due to its high porosity and high open porosity, and thus has a wide range of load functions. It can be transformed into a multifunctional, high-performance adsorption, purification, and catalytic material by loading different functional substances. Its unique material structure can contact more air or liquid from the outside world, and then use its unique loading mechanism to develop a variety of application scenarios for purifying and filtering water or air.

[0033] The open-pore functional loading materials based on residual mud and slag also include multifunctional materials, including metal oxides, nanomaterials, polymer materials, and bioactive substances. By loading metal oxides, nanomaterials, polymer materials, and bioactive substances, they can be transformed into high-performance catalysts, adsorbents, energy storage materials, biomedical materials, etc. This multifunctional material has broad application prospects in the fields of environmental protection, energy storage, biomedicine, and catalytic reactions.

[0034] The required multifunctional materials are 5 to 25 parts by mass, including chemical catalysts, metal oxides, nanomaterials (such as nano-adsorbent resins, nano-adsorbent fibers), polymer materials (such as non-ionic adsorbent resins, etc.), and bioactive substances. They can be added flexibly according to actual conditions.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a residual mud and slag-based open-pored functional load material, comprising the following steps: S1. Put the pre-dried waste dry soil and water into a blender and mix them to form slurry.

[0036] S2. Add cement and metakaolin to the agitator in step S1 in sequence and further stir.

[0037] S3. Add anti-dispersant powder (PAM powder) into the stirrer and stir evenly to make the slurry have a certain viscosity, so that the multifunctional material can remain stable in the slurry; the stirring speed in this step is 500r / min and the stirring time is 45min.

[0038] S4. Add the pore opening agent into the stirrer and stir; in this step, the stirring speed is 200 r / min and the stirring time is 3 min.

[0039] S5. Add the required multifunctional material (powder) into the stirrer and stir thoroughly to ensure that the multifunctional material is evenly dispersed in the slurry; the stirring speed in this step is 200r / min and the stirring time is 5min.

[0040] S6. Add water glass to the stirrer and stir. Water glass is added in this step to prevent it from participating in the curing reaction too early. The stirring speed in this step is 200 r / min, and the stirring time lasts for more than 3 minutes until the fluidity no longer increases significantly.

[0041] S7. Add lauryl foam to the stirrer and mix and stir to form a loose porous material, which is further cured and solidified to form a residual mud and slag-based open-pored functional load material. In this step, the stirring speed is 120 r / min and the stirring time is 2 min.

[0042] In step S1, the dried soil is sieved, the aperture of the sieve is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the sieved soil with a particle size less than or equal to 0.5 mm is put into a blender and mixed with water. The solid raw material needs to be in powder form, and the dried soil needs to be sieved to a particle size less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0043] In step S7, the prefabrication process of the lauryl foam is as follows: blending the lauryl foaming agent with water in a ratio of 1:40, and foaming the mixture using a foaming machine; and adding the prefabricated lauryl foam into a blender.

[0044] Four embodiments are used below to illustrate different applications of residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load materials loaded with different multifunctional materials. The combination of the load material and the multifunctional material is not limited to the following load materials and embodiments.

[0045] Example 1: The open-pored functional load material based on residual mud and slag can be loaded with zinc oxide (ZnO), iron oxide (Fe2O3), and titanium oxide (TiO2). These materials can undergo oxidation or reduction reactions to decompose organic pollutants or harmful gases. The unique structure of the material can be used to increase the contact area with the air, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the material with harmful substances in the air and removing harmful substances. In addition, the alkaline conditions of the material can directly react with carbon dioxide in the air to carbonize and achieve the effect of carbon fixation. It can be used in the fields of carbon fixation and waste gas purification.

[0046] Example 2: Controlling wet density above 1000 kg / m 3 , and increase the dosage of PAM anti-dispersant to more than 0.15% to make it have good underwater anti-dispersibility. The open-pore functional load material based on residual mud and slag is loaded with high adsorption materials such as molecular sieves, carbon materials or oxidant materials, which can efficiently adsorb pollutants such as heavy metal ions, dyes, ammonia nitrogen, etc. and treat organic wastewater. When this material is poured underwater, its high open porosity structure can ensure the smooth passage of water, and then it can be used in the field of water body and river purification and filtration.

[0047] Example 3: The open-pored functional loading material based on residual mud and slag can be loaded with antibacterial polymers to give the material antibacterial and antifouling properties; or loaded with biologically active substances such as drug sustained-release carriers with enhanced antibacterial effects in alkaline environments, so that the material can be used as a sustained-release carrier to achieve long-term sustained-release and directional release of drugs. It can be widely used in biomedical fields such as medical equipment and drug sustained-release carriers.

[0048] Example 4: The catalyst is loaded on the open-pored functional loading material based on residual mud and slag. Its unique porous and open-pored structure can increase the contact area of ​​the catalytic reaction and smoothly pass the gas and liquid, and can be widely used in the catalytic reaction in the experimental process.

[0049] The advantages of the residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material and the preparation method thereof of the present invention are: (1) This open-pored functional load material based on residual mud and slag uses a large amount of engineering waste slag as the main raw material. The raw materials are easy to obtain, and no complicated chemical raw materials are added. The slag is recycled and processed, realizing the resource utilization of the slag. At the same time, the curing agent uses a geopolymer-based curing agent, which is efficient, environmentally friendly and safe, and greatly reduces the amount of cement, kaolin, fly ash, etc., greatly reducing the process pressure of waste treatment, and the material is economical and environmentally friendly. The alkaline conditions of the material can also react with carbon dioxide to achieve the effect of efficient carbon fixation.

[0050] (2) The process of this open-pored functional load material based on residual mud and slag is simple, and the preparation is simple. It does not require high-temperature heating and roasting, does not consume additional energy, and has no additional carbon emissions, which greatly saves energy and manpower and material resources.

[0051] (3) This open-pored functional load material based on residual mud and slag has an extremely high porosity, which can reach more than 80%. Even if the density is less than 1000kg / m 3 It can also absorb water and sink in the water, and has sponge-like properties. It can achieve a high open porosity at any density, without significantly sacrificing strength and density like traditional permeable concrete. It achieves the purpose of permeability by increasing the porosity and making the pores closely connected.

[0052] (4) This open-pored functional load material based on residual mud and slag has a wide range of load functions due to its unique porous structure and large specific surface area. It can load different functional materials and transform them into high-performance adsorption, purification and catalytic materials by utilizing its unique material structure and loading mechanism. Its application scenarios are very wide and its application is very flexible. It has broad application prospects not only in water permeability, but also in environmental protection, energy storage, biomedicine, catalytic reactions and other fields, which is far beyond the reach of lightweight permeable concrete.

[0053] (5) The pore opening principle is that the pore opening agent (containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments or groups) has very good compatibility with geopolymer-based mud and is adsorbed on the surface of bubbles in the mud. By adjusting the thickness of the water film on the foam wall, the gas in the pores can easily break through the wall film, thereby greatly improving its opening rate.

[0054] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A residual mud and slag-based open-pored functional load material, characterized in that: The invention comprises a slurry and lauryl foam, wherein the slurry and lauryl foam are mixed, and the slurry comprises the following raw materials in mass proportion: 1000 parts of dry slag, 200-300 parts of geopolymer-based curing agent, 650-750 parts of water, 1-2 parts of anti-dispersant, and 30-60 parts of pore opening agent; the geopolymer-based curing agent comprises cement, metakaolin, and water glass in a mass ratio of 32:48:20; The slurry and the lauryl foam are in an alkaline fluid state when they are just mixed and prepared, and are in a loose porous solid state containing interconnected pores after solidification.

2. The residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement is silicate cement.

3. The residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modulus of the water glass is 1.

2.

4. The residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry slag is the product of shield slag after mud and sand separation and solid-liquid separation.

5. The residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-dispersion agent is polyacrylamide.

6. The residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pore opening agent comprises the following raw materials in the following mass proportions: 1-6% water, 66-76% polyethylene glycol, and 23-28% polypropylene glycol.

7. The residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes multifunctional materials, the mass fraction of the multifunctional materials is 5 to 25 parts, and the multifunctional materials include chemical catalysts, metal oxides, nanomaterials, polymer materials, and bioactive substances.

8. A method for preparing the open-pored functional load material based on residual mud and slag as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The pre-dried waste soil and water are placed in a blender and mixed to form a slurry; S2. Sequentially add cement and kaolin to the mixer for further stirring; S3. Add the anti-dispersant powder into the blender and mix well; S4. Add a pore opening agent to the stirrer and stir; S5. Add the desired multifunctional material to the stirrer and stir thoroughly to uniformly disperse the multifunctional material in the slurry; S6. Add water glass to the stirrer and stir; S7. Add lauryl foam into the blender and mix to form a loose porous material, which is then cured.

9. The method for preparing the residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S1, the dried soil is sieved, the sieve hole diameter is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the sieved dry soil with a particle size less than or equal to 0.5 mm is put into a stirrer and mixed with water.

10. The method for preparing the residual mud and slag soil-based open-pored functional load material according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S7, the prefabrication process of the lauryl foam is as follows: blending the lauryl foaming agent with water in a ratio of 1:40, and foaming the mixture using a foaming machine; and adding the prefabricated lauryl foam into a blender.

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