Shield tail brush quick replacement method suitable for long-distance tunneling of super-large-diameter shield

Abstract

The invention discloses a shield tail brush rapid replacement method suitable for long-distance tunneling of a super-large-diameter shield. An adopted shield tail sealing device comprises a plurality of common shield tail brushes distributed at intervals in the shield direction, and the shield tail sealing device further comprises a standby shield tail brush; the quick replacement method for the shield tail brush comprises the following steps: S1, reserving a mounting station of a standby shield tail brush; and S2, a shield tail brush for equipment is additionally arranged, and a common shield tail brush is replaced. On one hand, the reserved mounting station for the standby shield tail brush is arranged at the shield tail, rapid sealing is achieved through the shield tail brush for equipment after leakage occurs, rapid replacement of the abraded common shield tail brush is achieved on the basis that the standby shield tail brush and other common shield tail brushes bear water pressure, operation is easy and convenient, and the safety coefficient is high; on the other hand, a large amount of preparatory work is saved, the construction period is short, cost is low, and the requirement for replacing the shield tail brush during long-distance tunneling of a super-large-diameter shield is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular relates to a method for quickly replacing a shield tail brush suitable for long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield machine. Background Art

[0002] With the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, infrastructure construction is constantly increasing, and shield tunnels have become the first choice for opening up underground space. At present, my country's experience in building underwater tunnels across rivers, lakes and seas is becoming increasingly mature. Shield tunnel technology serves the development of major cities and has also become the first choice for tunnel construction in areas with developed water systems.

[0003] In shield construction, the shield tail sealing system, as one of the three main sealing systems of the shield machine, is the most critical sealing system, especially in large-diameter shield construction with high water pressure (0.4-0.65MPa), the shield tail sealing system is crucial. However, the shield tail sealing system is also the most prone to failure. During long-distance shield tunneling, the wear of the shield tail brush increases with the increase of tunneling distance, which will eventually lead to shield tail seal failure, leakage, etc. Therefore, the shield tail brush needs to be replaced regularly. The traditional methods of replacing the shield tail brush mainly include freezing and grouting. The basic principle of the freezing method is to condense the water contained in the stratum into ice through artificial refrigeration technology, and turn the soil at the connection between the shield tail and the pipe segment into frozen soil, thereby forming an annular frozen soil reinforcement area with a sealing effect, and using frozen soil to isolate the connection between groundwater and the inside of the tunnel, and then the shield tail brush is disassembled and replaced and installed; the grouting method is based on synchronous grouting and secondary grouting to form a complete water-stop ring with large thickness, high density and certain strength, and then the shield tail brush is disassembled and replaced and installed.

[0004] However, in the actual construction process, whether the freezing method or the grouting method is used, a lot of preparation work is required before replacing the shield tail brush to form geological conditions suitable for replacing the shield tail brush. Not only is the replacement operation cumbersome, the replacement cycle is long, the construction cost is high, but also the safety risk factor is high, which is not suitable for the construction of ultra-large diameter shield long-distance excavation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a new method for quickly replacing a shield tail brush suitable for long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield machine.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for quickly replacing a shield tail brush suitable for long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield machine, wherein the adopted shield tail sealing device comprises a plurality of common shield tail brushes spaced apart along the direction of the shield machine, and the shield tail sealing device also comprises a spare shield tail brush;

[0008] The quick replacement method of the shield tail brush includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Reserve installation position for spare shield tail brush

[0010] When the shield machine starts, multiple common shield tail brushes are gradually installed on the shield tail, and a reserved installation position is reserved on the shield tail for installing spare shield tail brushes in front of the multiple common shield tail brushes;

[0011] S2. Adding spare shield tail brush and replacing the common shield tail brush

[0012] When leakage is found at the shield tail on site, a) take plugging measures at the leakage position, and control the shield machine to advance to the appropriate position and take shutdown measures; b) take water-stopping measures at the corresponding positions before and after the shield tail, and make preparations and emergency measures for adding spare shield tail brushes or replacing the commonly used shield tail brushes; c) remove the pipe segments in the corresponding area, install the spare shield tail brushes on the reserved installation position, and then use the spare shield tail brushes and the remaining commonly used shield tail brushes to bear the shield tail water pressure, and gradually replace the worn commonly used shield tail brushes; d) apply shield tail grease to the added spare shield tail brushes and the replaced commonly used shield tail brushes; e) reassemble the pipe segments and fill the shield tail grease.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, at least one installation station is reserved. The number of the reserved installation stations is set based on the designed length of the shield tail and the assembly position of the segments.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2 c), the spare shield tail brush is detachably connected to the reserved installation station, thereby facilitating the quick installation and removal of the spare shield tail brush.

[0015] Specifically, in step S1, a bolt installation opening is provided at a reserved installation station, and protective measures are provided for the bolt installation opening at the time of initiation.

[0016] Further, in step S2 c), the protective measures are removed, the bolt installation opening is cleaned and checked, and the spare shield tail brush is connected to the reserved installation position by bolts. Here, by protecting the bolt installation opening of the reserved installation position, when adding the spare shield tail brush, the protective measures can be removed to quickly install it, avoiding the cleaning operation of the bolt installation opening, which is conducive to saving construction time and ensuring the stability of the connection.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of commonly used shield tail brushes are defined as the 1st, 2nd, M...N shield tail brushes from front to back, wherein M and N are both integers, and the 1st to M shield tail brushes are detachably connected to the shield tail, and the M+1st to N shield tail brushes are welded and fixed to the shield tail.

[0018] Specifically, 0.3N<M<0.5N; and / or, 5≤N≤10. In some specific embodiments, N=5, M=0.4N.

[0019] Further, in step S2 c), when replacing the common shield tail brushes, the common shield tail brushes with serious wear among the first to M shield tail brushes are replaced one by one from the back to the front or from the front to the back. Here, under the premise of meeting the construction requirements, only the first part of the common shield tail brushes need to be replaced, which reduces the construction workload and further shortens the construction period.

[0020] Preferably, in step S2 d), when applying grease to the shield tail, separate the steel plate and steel wire, the middle steel wire mesh and the steel wire of the shield tail brush, and apply as much grease as possible to the root of the entire shield tail brush. Here, avoid forming a cavity in the shield tail brush, which becomes a weak point of the entire shield tail seal.

[0021] In addition, in step S1, when installing each common shield tail brush, a shield tail brush wear detector is installed synchronously to detect the wear degree of each common shield tail brush in real time. Here, preventive replacement of the shield tail brush can be achieved, further reducing the risk of construction.

[0022] Due to the implementation of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] Whether the existing freezing method or grouting method is used, a lot of preparation work is required before replacing the shield tail brush to form geological conditions suitable for replacing the shield tail brush. Not only is the replacement operation cumbersome, the replacement cycle is long, the construction cost is high, and the safety risk factor is high, it is not suitable for the construction of ultra-large diameter shields for long-distance excavation. The present application makes an overall design of a method for quickly replacing a shield tail brush suitable for ultra-large diameter shields for long-distance excavation, cleverly solving the deficiencies and defects of the prior art, and adopts the method for quickly replacing the shield tail brush. When the shield machine starts, a plurality of commonly used shield tail brushes are gradually installed on the shield tail, and a reserve is reserved on the shield tail in front of the plurality of commonly used shield tail brushes and used for installation A reserved installation position for the spare shield tail brush; when leakage is found at the shield tail on site, first take blocking measures at the leakage position, and control the shield machine to advance to the appropriate position and then take shutdown measures; secondly, take water-stopping measures at the corresponding positions before and after the shield tail, and make preparations and emergency measures for adding spare shield tail brushes or replacing common shield tail brushes; then remove the pipe segments in the corresponding area, install the spare shield tail brush on the reserved installation position, use the spare shield tail brush and the remaining common shield tail brushes to bear the shield tail water pressure, and gradually replace the worn common shield tail brushes; then apply shield tail grease to the added spare shield tail brush and the replaced common shield tail brush; finally, reassemble the pipe segments and fill the shield tail grease. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention, on the one hand, provides a reserved installation position for a spare shield tail brush at the shield tail, and realizes rapid sealing by adding a spare shield tail brush after leakage occurs, and realizes rapid replacement of the worn common shield tail brush under the water pressure borne by the spare shield tail brush and the other common shield tail brushes, which is simple and convenient to operate and has a high safety factor; on the other hand, it saves a lot of preparation work, has a short construction period and low cost, and is very suitable for the shield tail brush replacement needs of ultra-large diameter shield machines for long-distance excavation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the common shield tail brush and the spare shield tail brush of the present invention;

[0025] Among them: A1, commonly used shield tail brush; A2, spare shield tail brush;

[0026] W, shield tail; w, reserved installation position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and specified, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the shield tail sealing device used in this embodiment includes a plurality of common shield tail brushes A1 and spare shield tail brushes A2 distributed at intervals along the shield direction.

[0034] The present embodiment involves a method for quickly replacing a shield tail brush suitable for long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield machine, which includes the following steps: S1, reserving an installation station for a spare shield tail brush; S2, adding a spare shield tail brush and replacing a commonly used shield tail brush.

[0035] In step S1, when the shield machine starts, multiple shield tail brushes S1 are gradually installed on the shield tail W, and a reserved installation position w is reserved on the shield tail W, which is located in front of the multiple common shield tail brushes A1 and is used to install the spare shield tail brush A2.

[0036] In some specific implementations, the number of reserved installation stations is set based on the design length of the shield tail and the assembly position of the segment. In this embodiment, one reserved installation station w is set, and the reserved installation station w is provided with a bolt installation port. At the time of initiation, any conventional means of protection is set for the bolt installation port.

[0037] At the same time, a plurality of commonly used shield tail brushes A1 are defined as the 1st, 2nd, M...N shield tail brushes from front to back, wherein M and N are both integers, and the 1st to Mth shield tail brushes are detachably connected to the shield tail, and the M+1st to Nth shield tail brushes are welded and fixed to the shield tail, wherein 0.3N<M<0.5N; 5≤N≤10. In some specific embodiments, N=5, M=0.4N, that is, this embodiment is provided with five commonly used shield tail brushes, wherein the 1st shield tail brush and the 2nd shield tail brush are connected to the shield tail by bolt connection, and the 3rd to 5th shield tail brushes are welded and fixed to the shield tail. The spare shield tail brush, the 1st to 3rd shield tail brushes are all wire brushes, and the 4th shield tail brush and the 5th shield tail brush are wire steel plate brushes.

[0038] For the convenience of implementation, when installing each commonly used shield tail brush, a shield tail brush wear detector is installed simultaneously to detect the wear degree of each commonly used shield tail brush in real time, wherein the wear detector is a commercially available product. Here, preventive replacement of the shield tail brush can be achieved, further reducing the risk of construction.

[0039] In step S2, after leakage is found at the shield tail on site, a) blocking measures are taken at the leakage position, and the shield machine is controlled to advance to an appropriate position and then shutdown measures are taken; b) water-stopping measures are taken at the corresponding positions before and after the shield tail, and preparations and emergency measures are taken to add a spare shield tail brush A2 or replace the common shield tail brush A1; c) the pipe segments in the corresponding area are removed, and the spare shield tail brush is installed on the reserved installation position w, and then the spare shield tail brush A2 and the remaining common shield tail brushes A1 bear the shield tail water pressure, and the worn common shield tail brush A1 is gradually replaced; d) shield tail grease is applied to the added spare shield tail brush A2 and the replaced common shield tail brush A1; e) the pipe segments are reassembled and the shield tail grease is filled.

[0040] In this example, the spare shield tail brush A2 is detachably connected to the reserved installation position w to facilitate the rapid installation and removal of the spare shield tail brush.

[0041] In some specific embodiments, in step S2 c), the protective measures at the bolt installation opening on the reserved installation station w are removed, the bolt installation opening is cleaned and checked, and the spare shield tail brush A2 is connected to the reserved installation station w by bolts. Here, by protecting the bolt installation opening of the reserved installation station, when adding the spare shield tail brush, the protective measures can be removed to quickly install it, avoiding the cleaning operation of the bolt installation opening, which is conducive to saving construction time and ensuring the stability of the connection.

[0042] Meanwhile, in step S2 c), when replacing the commonly used shield tail brushes, the commonly used shield tail brushes that are seriously worn out in the first shield tail brush and the second shield tail brush are replaced one by one from back to front or from front to back. Here, under the premise of meeting the construction requirements, only the first part of the commonly used shield tail brushes need to be replaced, which reduces the construction amount and further shortens the construction period.

[0043] In step S2 d), when applying grease to the shield tail, separate the steel plate and steel wire of the shield tail brush, the middle steel wire mesh and the steel wire, and apply as much grease as possible to the root of the entire shield tail brush. Here, avoid forming a cavity in the shield tail brush, which becomes a weak point of the entire shield tail seal.

[0044] In addition, each time a spare shield tail brush is added or any commonly used shield tail brush is replaced, after the assembly of the pipe segments in the corresponding area is completed, steps b) to e) are repeated to gradually add spare shield tail brushes and replace commonly used shield tail brushes in other areas in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0045] In summary, the method for rapid replacement of the shield tail brush is adopted. When the shield machine starts, multiple commonly used shield tail brushes are gradually installed on the shield tail, and a reserved installation position is reserved on the shield tail, which is located in front of the multiple commonly used shield tail brushes and is used to install spare shield tail brushes; when leakage is found in the shield tail on site, firstly, blocking measures are taken at the leakage position, and the shield machine is controlled to advance to an appropriate position and then shutdown measures are taken; secondly, water stopping measures are taken at the corresponding positions before and after the shield tail, and preparations and emergency measures are made for adding spare shield tail brushes or replacing commonly used shield tail brushes; then, the pipe segments in the corresponding area are removed, and the spare shield tail brushes are installed on the reserved installation position, and the spare shield tail brushes and the remaining commonly used shield tail brushes bear the shield tail water pressure, and the worn commonly used shield tail brushes are gradually replaced; then, shield tail grease is applied to the added spare shield tail brushes and the replaced commonly used shield tail brushes; finally, the pipe segments are reassembled and the shield tail grease is filled. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention, on the one hand, sets a reserved installation position for a spare shield tail brush at the shield tail, realizes rapid sealing by adding a spare shield tail brush after leakage occurs, and realizes rapid replacement of the worn common shield tail brush based on the water pressure borne by the spare shield tail brush and the other common shield tail brushes, which is simple and convenient to operate with a high safety factor; on the other hand, it saves a lot of preparation work, has a short construction period and low cost, and is very suitable for the replacement needs of the shield tail brush for long-distance excavation of ultra-large diameter shield machines; thirdly, by protecting the bolt installation port of the reserved installation position, when adding a spare shield tail brush , the installation can be carried out quickly by removing the protective measures, avoiding the cleaning operation of the bolt installation port, which is beneficial to saving construction time and ensuring the stability of the connection; fourthly, under the premise of meeting the construction requirements, it is only necessary to replace the commonly used shield tail brush in the previous part to reduce the construction volume and further shorten the construction period; fifthly, through the shield tail grease application method of this application, it is effectively avoided that a cavity is formed in the shield tail brush, thereby becoming a weak point of the entire shield tail seal; sixthly, by setting a shield tail brush wear detector and implementing the detection of shield tail brush wear, the shield tail brush can be replaced preventively, further reducing the risk of construction.

[0046] The above detailed description of the present invention is intended to enable persons familiar with the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them. It does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quickly replacing a shield tail brush suitable for long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield machine, wherein the shield tail sealing device used comprises a plurality of commonly used shield tail brushes spaced apart along the direction of the shield machine, characterized in that: The shield tail sealing device also includes a spare shield tail brush; The shield tail brush quick replacement method comprises the following steps: S1. Reserve installation position for spare shield tail brush When the shield machine starts, multiple common shield tail brushes are gradually installed on the shield tail, and a reserved installation position located in front of the multiple common shield tail brushes and used to install spare shield tail brushes is reserved on the shield tail; S2. Adding spare shield tail brush and replacing the common shield tail brush When leakage is found at the shield tail on site, a) take plugging measures at the leakage position, and control the shield machine to advance to the appropriate position and take shutdown measures; b) take water-stopping measures at the corresponding positions before and after the shield tail, and make preparations and emergency measures for adding spare shield tail brushes or replacing the commonly used shield tail brushes; c) remove the pipe segments in the corresponding area, install the spare shield tail brushes on the reserved installation position, and then use the spare shield tail brushes and the remaining commonly used shield tail brushes to bear the shield tail water pressure, and gradually replace the worn commonly used shield tail brushes; d) apply shield tail grease to the added spare shield tail brushes and the replaced commonly used shield tail brushes; e) reassemble the pipe segments and fill the shield tail grease.

2. The method for quickly replacing the tail brush of a shield applicable to long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, there is at least one reserved installation station.

3. The method for quickly replacing the tail brush of a shield applicable to long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S2 c), the spare shield tail brush is detachably connected to the reserved installation position.

4. The method for quickly replacing the tail brush of a shield applicable to long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S1, the reserved installation station is provided with a bolt installation opening, and at the time of initiation, protective measures are provided for the bolt installation opening.

5. The method for quickly replacing the tail brush of a shield applicable to long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S2 c), the protective measures are removed, the bolt installation openings are cleaned and inspected, and the spare shield tail brush is connected to the reserved installation position by bolts.

6. The method for quickly replacing the shield tail brush suitable for long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of commonly used shield tail brushes are defined as the 1st, 2nd, M...N shield tail brushes from front to back, wherein M and N are both integers, and the 1st to Mth shield tail brushes are detachably connected to the shield tail, and the M+1st to Nth shield tail brushes are welded and fixed to the shield tail.

7. The method for quickly replacing the tail brush of a shield applicable to long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield according to claim 6 is characterized in that: 0.3N<M<0.5N; and / or, 5≤N≤10.

8. The method for quickly replacing the tail brush of a shield applicable to long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield machine according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S2 c), when replacing the common shield tail brush, the seriously worn common shield tail brushes among the first to M shield tail brushes are replaced one by one from back to front or from front to back.

9. The method for quickly replacing the tail brush of a shield applicable to long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2 d), when applying shield tail grease, separate the steel plate and steel wire, the middle steel wire mesh and the steel wire of the shield tail brush, and apply as much grease as possible to the root of the entire shield tail brush.

10. The method for quickly replacing the shield tail brush suitable for long-distance excavation of an ultra-large diameter shield machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, when installing each commonly used shield tail brush, a shield tail brush wear detector is installed simultaneously to detect the wear degree of each commonly used shield tail brush in real time.

Images