Intelligent brake device of beam-pumping unit, use method and remote control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent braking device of a beam-pumping unit, a using method and a remote control method. The intelligent braking device comprises a braking part connected with an input shaft of the pumping unit, the braking part is connected with a transmission part, the transmission part is connected with an automatic control part, and the automatic control part is connected with a multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet; the multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet has the informatization function, the remote well opening function, the intrusion shutdown function and the power-off shutdown function, intelligent braking is achieved, and the intelligent oil pumping unit control cabinet has the advantages of being convenient to use, safe and reliable. Effective application data is provided for application of a new'two-conversion fusion 'technology of the oil field in the next step, and the technical blank of intelligent braking without well stopping of the oil field is filled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of petroleum equipment, in particular to an intelligent brake device of a beam pumping unit, a use method and a remote control method. Background Art

[0002] The timeliness and firmness of the brakes of the beam pumping unit directly affect the safe production of the oil field and the life safety of the personnel. At present, the external brake device widely used in the beam pumping unit of the oil field is composed of brake handle, brake middle seat, pull rod, locking spring, brake hub, brake shoe and other components. It connects the brake pull rod with the brake handle and brake shoe respectively through the brake horn of the brake middle seat. When the pumping unit is shut down, the staff on duty need to hold the brake handle with both hands and pull it back. The force is transmitted to the friction between the brake shoe and the brake hub under the action of the lever, thereby generating static torque on the input shaft of the reduction box connected to the brake hub to achieve the braking of the pumping unit.

[0003] The brake system has problems: First, during normal production, the pumping unit suddenly stops due to a fault or a sudden power outage. Since the oil wells are scattered in the wild, the staff on duty cannot reach the site in time to manually brake. When outsiders or animals enter, the pumping unit suddenly rotates due to changes in working conditions, which may cause serious safety accidents such as casualties.

[0004] Second, the long-term field use of beam pumping units causes wear and slippage of the brake pads, as well as loosening of the brake pads, which reduces the friction and is prone to brake failure and loose brakes. During daily maintenance, overhaul, wellhead pump collision, and anti-thrust distance adjustment of the pumping unit, operators are often injured by the operating parts of the pumping unit due to brake failure and loose brakes. Third, when the beam pumping unit is stopped for construction, the brakes are forgotten, and the pumping unit suddenly rotates due to changes in working conditions, which can cause serious safety accidents such as casualties.

[0005] Publication number: CN219035394U, discloses a brake mechanism for an oilfield pumping unit, including a bottom plate, a control plate fixedly connected to the front right end of the bottom plate, an upper slide plate and a lower slide plate fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the left end of the control plate, respectively, the right side of the bottom end of the upper slide plate and the right side of the top end of the lower slide plate are slidably connected to the two ends of the card plate, and a slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the right end of the card plate, and the top and bottom of the slider are fixedly connected to one end of the spring. This prior art drives the card plate to slide toward the reduction gear through an electric push rod, and then clamps the reduction gear through a clamping block, and performs buffering through a compression spring. When the slider slides to the block, the reduction gear is locked, the braking effect is stable and can reduce wear, and the movement of the electric push rod is controlled by a remote controller to achieve remote control, which can reduce safety accidents caused by accidents during manual braking.

[0006] This prior art is unable to cope with sudden well failures and power outages, and is unable to respond to intrusions of people or animals.

[0007] Publication number: CN116336108A, discloses an electronically controlled brake device for a beam pumping unit. It includes a base plate, the base plate is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed sliding parts, the sliding parts are fixedly connected with brake discs through driving shafts, the sliding parts are provided with a brake mechanism for stopping the beam pumping unit, the brake mechanism includes a first ring, the first ring is fixedly connected to the sliding part, a first cavity is provided in the first ring, the first cavity is filled with hydraulic oil for transmitting power, the first ring is provided with a buffer mechanism, and the sliding part is symmetrically provided with a locking mechanism. The resistance of the brake disc is controlled by the resistance of the hydraulic oil flowing in the buffer mechanism, the change of the brake disc braking speed in the initial stage of braking is reduced, and the driving shaft is prevented from being damaged due to overload due to too short a braking process. The brake disc is locked when it stops through the locking mechanism, the stability of the pumping unit during the maintenance process is improved, and safety protection is provided for the staff during subsequent maintenance.

[0008] This prior art is unable to cope with sudden well failures and power outages, and is unable to respond to intrusions of people or animals.

[0009] Publication number: CN115263251A, discloses a remote automatic brake device for an oil pump, comprising a base, a reduction box base is provided on the base, a reduction box is provided on the reduction box base, a brake hoop is provided on the reduction box, a travel switch base and an electric push rod base are provided on the side wall of the reduction box base, a detachable electric push rod is provided on the electric push rod base, a detachable electric brake longitudinal connecting rod is provided on the upper part of the electric push rod, and a detachable double-groove pull rod cam is provided on the top of the electric brake longitudinal connecting rod. A hand brake base, a hand brake transmission seat and a manual brake longitudinal connecting rod are also provided on the base. The remote automatic brake device for an oil pump effectively solves the problem of remote automatic braking of the oil pump without changing its structure, principle, performance and safety factor, further improves the inherent safety of the oil pump, and ensures safe production operation on site.

[0010] This prior art is unable to cope with sudden well failures and power outages, and is unable to respond to intrusions of people or animals.

[0011] In summary, the technical solutions of the above-disclosed technologies, the technical problems to be solved, and the beneficial effects produced are all different from the present invention. Regarding more technical features, technical problems to be solved, and beneficial effects of the present invention, the above-disclosed technical documents do not provide any technical inspiration. Summary of the invention

[0012] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent braking system for an oil well walking beam pump. This system can be used to solve the problems of failure to brake in time when the walking beam pump fails or suddenly loses power, or forgetting to brake during maintenance. The present invention controls the brake device through an adaptive closed-loop control system, feeds back the locking pressure through a pressure sensor, and ensures that the equipment can operate in a power-off state through an intelligent pre-control memory system and solar cells. Reduce casualties caused by sudden rotation of the pump when the brake is not applied or the brake fails, and protect personnel and equipment. The command center can remotely control the brake device and check the brake status through the app and intranet platform.

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses the following technical solutions:

[0014] The intelligent brake device of a beam pumping unit comprises a brake part connected to an input shaft of the pumping unit, the brake part is connected to a transmission part, the transmission part is connected to an automatic control part, and the automatic control part is connected to a multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet; the automatic control part adjusts the brake start time through a closed-loop control system of the intelligent brake device.

[0015] The automatic control part includes a power supply line arranged in the automatic control cabinet, a protection circuit connected to the power supply line, an intelligent control circuit and a manual control circuit respectively connected to the protection circuit, a controlled device connected to the control circuit, and also includes a clean energy power supply line.

[0016] The automatic control part includes a power supply circuit, the power supply circuit includes a wiring terminal, the power supply line is connected to the protection circuit through the wiring terminal, and the wiring terminal can also connect the signal lines of various components;

[0017] The protection circuit includes a power switch, a leakage protector, and a power-off AC contactor arranged in sequence on the line;

[0018] The intelligent control circuit includes a PLC and a delayed start time relay, a timing stop time relay and a brake release time set relay respectively connected to the PLC, the timing stop time relay and the brake release time set relay are connected to the brake motor of the controlled device, the delayed start time relay is also connected to an intermediate relay, and the PLC is connected to take power through a power-off AC contactor;

[0019] The manual control circuit includes a manual / automatic conversion switch, which is respectively connected to an intermediate relay, a delayed start time relay, a brake control button, and a forward and reverse button, the brake control button is connected to a brake release time set relay, and the manual / automatic conversion switch is connected to a power-off AC contactor to take power;

[0020] The power switch is also connected to a clean energy power supply circuit, and the clean energy power supply circuit is a solar cell.

[0021] The brake part includes a brake motor, the output shaft of which is connected to a worm gear transmission to convert rotation into movement, a manual brake disc is installed on the worm gear transmission, the other end of the worm gear transmission is connected to a horizontal pull rod, the horizontal pull rod is connected to one corner of the ram horn on the middle seat, the other corner of the ram horn on the middle seat is connected to the longitudinal pull rod, and the ram horn converts lateral movement into longitudinal movement;

[0022] The longitudinal pull rod is provided with a brake buffer joint, the upper end of the brake buffer joint is provided with a first spring, the lower end is provided with a second spring, and the lower end of the first spring is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor;

[0023] It also includes a brake rocker arm, one end of which is connected to the longitudinal pull rod, the other end of which is provided with a movable fixing pin hole, a connecting pin is provided in the movable fixing pin hole, the connecting pin fixing part is connected and fixed to the oil pump, a return spring is provided at the stroke part, and an arc-shaped rack is fixedly connected to the lower part of the brake rocker arm, and the lower tooth shape of the arc-shaped rack can cooperate with the brake gear provided on the input shaft of the reduction box;

[0024] The brake rocker arm is installed on the outside of the original brake hub of the input shaft of the oil pump reducer, the front end fixing part of the connecting pin is connected and fixed to the oil pump, the movable fixing pin hole can move back and forth on the connecting pin, and the brake rocker arm can rotate around the movable fixing pin hole. When the brake is restored, the return spring can return the movable fixing pin hole to its original position.

[0025] The multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet is connected to the automatic control cabinet, the multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet is connected to the powered AC contactor to draw power, the powered AC contactor is connected to the control cabinet delayed power supply time relay, the control cabinet delayed power supply time relay is connected to the brake release time set relay, the multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet connects the signal line to the wiring terminal through the powered AC contactor, the signal line is connected to the manual / automatic conversion switch at the wiring terminal, and the signal line transmits the shutdown signal when the oil pump stops due to a fault.

[0026] The PLC collects signals from the pressure sensor and the time relay connected to the PLC in real time, and forms a closed-loop control system for the intelligent brake device through pressure sensor feedback data and relay setting time.

[0027] The closed-loop control system of the intelligent brake device adopts a control algorithm based on PID with neural network adaptive adjustment, where the PID incremental type is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Where K p is the proportional adjustment parameter, K i is the integral adjustment parameter, K d is the differential adjustment parameter, k is the controller gain parameter, and the optimal values ​​of the three parameters are calculated through the neural network. The motor rotation time and the locking pressure show obvious nonlinear characteristics. When PID is used for linear problems, K p , K i , K d There is an optimal solution, and for nonlinear problems, there are different optimal parameters at different times;

[0030] Control quantity of intelligent braking system i 2 (k) and output O i 2 (k) The formula is:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, x j is the rotation time of the brake motor, w ij is the weight coefficient between the intermediate layer neurons and the output layer neurons,

[0033] The deviation between the actual locking pressure of the locking device and the expected locking pressure is e(k)=0 i -x j , the incremental PID control algorithm is used to calculate the value of the PID control quantity u(k), and the discretization result is shown in formula (3):

[0034]

[0035] Among them, T I and T D are the integral and differential time parameters respectively; further, the control increment of PID can be obtained, as shown in formula (4):

[0036]

[0037] BP-PID automatic learning relies on performance evaluation indicators to continuously optimize the nonlinear model close to the locking motor rotation time and locking pressure.

[0038] The multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet is also connected to an information part; the information part includes PDM2000, a production command system, located in the safety production command center of the management area.

[0039] The PDM2000 commands the RTU, or remote terminal unit, built into the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet in the downstream well site;

[0040] The multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet is also equipped with a remote brake module controlled by the RTU and an automatic shutdown brake module for entering a prohibited area.

[0041] The remote brake module and the automatic stop brake module for entering the prohibited area control the start and stop of the brake motor through PLC;

[0042] The PLC has a network communication module to upload brake data to the PDM in real time.

[0043] The method for using the intelligent brake device of a beam pumping unit includes the following steps:

[0044] S1: Steps of circuit setup;

[0045] The delay start time relay and the control cabinet delay power supply time relay are in an open state by default, and start timing after starting, and turn on after timing is completed;

[0046] The timing stop time relay and the release brake time set relay are in a default state of on, and start timing after starting, and disconnect after the timing is completed;

[0047] The intermediate relay execution part is arranged on the power circuit of the oil pumping unit, and makes the oil pumping unit lose power when starting;

[0048] S2: Steps for debugging brakes;

[0049] When debugging the brake, the manual / automatic conversion switch is adjusted to the manual position, and the intermediate relay enters the starting state, disconnecting the power supply line of the pumping unit to protect the pumping unit. Use the reverse stop button, reverse start button, forward stop button, and forward start button as needed to adjust the clearance between the brake rack and the gear. After adjustment, adjust the manual / automatic conversion switch to automatic mode;

[0050] S3: The step of stopping the pumping unit due to a fault and automatically starting the brake;

[0051] When the pumping unit stops due to a fault, a stop signal is sent from the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet to the manual / automatic switch in the automatic state, the automatic brake is started, and the delay start time relay starts timing, delaying for xx seconds. At this time, the pumping unit stops steadily and stops, the intermediate relay is started, the power supply line of the pumping unit is disconnected, the delay start time relay is turned on, the brake motor 201 starts to rotate forward, runs for xx seconds, and after reaching the stop time set by the timing stop time relay, the stop time relay is disconnected, the brake motor stops, and the braking is completed;

[0052] S4: Release the brake to start the machine

[0053] In the automatic state, press the brake start button, the brake release time relay starts timing, the brake motor starts to reverse, runs for xx seconds, the brake is completely released, the brake release time relay is disconnected, and the brake motor stops running; after the multi-functional pumping unit control cabinet delay power supply time relay has a delay of seconds, the energized AC contactor is turned on, the oil well motor start button is pressed, and the pump starts to run.

[0054] A remote control method for an intelligent brake device of a beam pumping unit, the control method comprising an information function, a remote well opening function, an intrusion shutdown function and a power failure shutdown function;

[0055] The information functions are:

[0056] Each time the brake is applied and released, the program in the remote brake module transmits a brake completion signal / brake release completion signal to the RTU.

[0057] The RTU transmits the signal to the backend collection server of the safety production command center through the network, and the server displays the data in real time in PDM2000.

[0058] In the PDM system, alarm values ​​are set according to the big data of the braking and releasing operation status of the oil pump. When the alarm values ​​are exceeded, an alarm prompt sound is sounded to prompt the monitoring personnel to promptly grasp the braking, oil pump status and production operation information and take production emergency measures.

[0059] The remote well opening function is:

[0060] When it is necessary to remotely open the well, the oil well monitoring personnel at the safety production command center will issue a brake release command. The PDM2000 will transmit the command to the well site RTU through the network, and then to the remote brake module. The brake release program in the automatic control system will be started through the PLC to release the brake and completely release the brake.

[0061] If the brake is not completely released, the intermediate relay in the automatic control system will self-lock and protect, causing the pumping unit motor to lose power and unable to start. At the same time, the brake release status can be verified through the oil well monitoring video.

[0062] After confirming that the brakes are completely released, the oil well monitoring personnel at the safety production command center will issue a remote well opening command to open the well.

[0063] The intrusion shutdown function is:

[0064] Taking the balanced fast-rotation displacement axis of the beam pumping unit as the baseline, electronic fences of prohibited areas are set up on both sides of the pumping unit;

[0065] When the oil pump is running, when outsiders, creatures, inspection personnel and construction personnel touch the electronic fence set by the video surveillance, the automatic shutdown and brake module will immediately start the emergency shutdown and emergency brake procedures through the PIC after identifying the intrusion into the prohibited area.

[0066] The power-off shutdown function is:

[0067] When the oil well motor stops due to power failure or fault, the AC contactor in the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet transmits the power failure signal to the power failure AC contactor in the automatic control box. The signal passes through the wiring terminal and reaches the manual / automatic conversion switch, starting the automatic braking mode and completing the braking.

[0068] The information function can also send out an alarm prompt sound to remind monitoring personnel to promptly understand the shutdown and braking production status and take timely production emergency measures.

[0069] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0070] 1) Intelligent braking has been realized, providing effective application data for the application of new technologies of "integration of information and industrialization" in the next step of oil fields, filling the technical gap of intelligent braking without stopping wells in oil fields.

[0071] 2) Make sure the brake wheel teeth are fully engaged and the brake is firm and reliable;

[0072] 3) After informatization, it is convenient for monitoring personnel to timely grasp the production status such as shutdown and braking, and take production emergency measures in time.

[0073] 4) Remote braking and remote brake release are realized, saving a lot of labor costs and improving labor efficiency;

[0074] 5) The electronic fence function can ensure the safety of outsiders, creatures, inspection personnel and construction personnel when the pump is running; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] Figure 1 A structural diagram of an intelligent brake device for a beam pumping unit, a method of use, and a remote control method of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic control part;

[0077] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the horizontal structure of the middle transmission part;

[0078] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the vertical structure of the middle transmission part;

[0079] Figure 5For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle brake part;

[0080] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle connecting pin;

[0081] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the information part;

[0082] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of various parts of the present invention;

[0083] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer function of the intelligent braking part of the present invention.

[0084] In the figure: 1. Automatic control part; 2. Transmission part; 3. Brake part; 4. Information part; 5. Multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet; 101. Power switch; 102. Leakage protector; 103. Power-off AC contactor; 104. Power-on AC contactor; 105. Wiring terminal; 106. Delay start time relay; 107. Timing stop time relay; 108. Release brake time set relay; 109. Control cabinet delay power supply time relay; 110. Manual / automatic conversion switch; 111. Brake start button; 112. Brake emergency stop; 113. Reverse stop button; 114. Reverse start button; 115. Forward stop button; 116. Forward start button; 117. Intermediate relay; 118. Solar battery; 119, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller); 201, brake motor; 202, worm gear drive; 203, manual brake wheel; 204, horizontal pull rod; 205, middle seat; 206, longitudinal pull rod; 207, brake buffer joint; 208, spring; 209, pressure sensor; 210, positioning pin; 301, brake rocker arm; 302, movable fixing pin hole; 303, return spring; 304, fixing part; 305, arc rack; 306, brake gear; 307, input shaft; 308, connecting pin; 401, PDM2000 (production command center); 402, RTU (remote terminal unit); 403, remote brake module; 404, automatic shutdown brake module for entering prohibited area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] Embodiment 1:

[0087] See also Figure 1 , the intelligent brake device of the beam pumping unit includes a brake part 3 connected to the pumping unit input shaft 307, the brake part 3 is connected to the transmission part 2, the transmission part 2 can control the working state of the brake part 3, the transmission part 2 is connected to the automatic control part 1, and is controlled by the automatic control part 1, and the automatic control part 1 is connected to the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet 5;

[0088] See also Figure 2 The automatic control part 1 includes a power supply line arranged in the automatic control cabinet, a protection circuit connected to the power supply line, an intelligent control circuit and a manual control circuit respectively connected to the protection circuit, a controlled device connected to the control circuit, and also includes a clean energy power supply line;

[0089] The power supply circuit includes a wiring terminal 105, through which the power supply circuit is connected to the protection circuit, and the wiring terminal 105 can also connect the signal lines of various components;

[0090] The protection circuit includes a power switch 101, a leakage protector 102, and a power-off AC contactor 103 arranged in sequence on the line, and the power switch 101 is connected to a connection terminal 105 to obtain power;

[0091] The intelligent control circuit includes a PLC 119 and a delayed start time relay 106, a timing stop time relay 107 and a brake release time collection relay 108 respectively connected to the PLC 119, the timing stop time relay 107 and the brake release time collection relay 108 are connected to the brake motor 201 of the controlled device, the delayed start time relay 106 is also connected to an intermediate relay 117, and the PLC 119 is connected to the power-off AC contactor 103 to take power;

[0092] The manual control circuit includes a manual / automatic conversion switch 110, which is respectively connected to an intermediate relay 117, a delayed start time relay 106, a brake control button, and a forward and reverse button, the brake control button is connected to a release brake time set relay 108, and the manual / automatic conversion switch 110 is connected to a power-off AC contactor 103 to take power;

[0093] The power switch 101 is also connected to a clean energy power supply circuit, and the clean energy power supply circuit is a solar cell 118;

[0094] The default state of the delayed start time relay 106 is open circuit, and the timing starts after the start, and it is turned on after the timing is completed;

[0095] The timing stop time relay 107 is in a default state of on, and starts timing after being started, and is disconnected after timing is completed;

[0096] The release brake time set relay 108 is in a default state of on, starts timing after being started, and is disconnected after timing is completed;

[0097] The execution part of the intermediate relay 117 is arranged on the power circuit of the oil pumping unit, and the oil pumping unit loses power when starting;

[0098] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 The brake part 2 includes a brake motor 201, the output shaft of the brake motor 201 is connected to a worm gear driver 202, which converts rotation into movement. A manual brake wheel 203 is installed on the worm gear driver 202. The other end of the worm gear driver 202 is connected to a horizontal pull rod 204, and the horizontal pull rod 204 is connected to one corner of the ram's horn on the middle seat 205. The other corner of the ram's horn on the middle seat 205 is connected to a longitudinal pull rod 206, and the ram's horn converts lateral movement into longitudinal movement.

[0099] The longitudinal tie rod 206 is provided with a brake buffer joint 207, the upper end of the brake buffer joint 207 is provided with a first spring 208, the lower end is provided with a second spring 211, the lower end of the first spring 208 is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor 209; the PLC 119 can receive and process the signal of the pressure sensor 209;

[0100] See also Figure 5 , Figure 7 The brake part 3 includes a brake rocker arm 301, one end of which is connected to the longitudinal tie rod 206, and the other end of the brake rocker arm 301 is provided with a movable fixing pin hole 302, and a connecting pin 308 is provided in the movable fixing pin hole 302. The fixing portion 304 of the connecting pin 308 is connected and fixed to the pumping unit, and a return spring 303 is provided at the stroke portion. The lower part of the brake rocker arm 301 is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped rack 305, and the lower tooth shape of the arc-shaped rack 305 can cooperate with a brake gear 306 provided on the input shaft 307 of the reduction box;

[0101] The brake rocker arm 301 is installed on the outer side of the original brake hub of the input shaft of the oil pumping unit reduction box, the front end 304 of the connecting pin 308 is fixedly connected to the oil pumping unit, the movable fixing pin hole 302 can move forward and backward on the connecting pin 308, the brake rocker arm 301 can rotate around the movable fixing pin hole 302, and the return spring 303 can return the movable fixing pin hole 302 when the brake is restored;

[0102] See also Figure 2The multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet 5 is connected to the automatic control cabinet, the multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet 5 is connected to the energized AC contactor 104 to draw power, the energized AC contactor 104 is connected to the control cabinet delayed power supply time relay 109, the control cabinet delayed power supply time relay 109 is connected to the release brake time set relay 108, the multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet 5 connects the signal line to the wiring terminal 105 through the power-off AC contactor 103, the signal line is connected to the manual / automatic conversion switch 110 at the wiring terminal 105, and the signal line transmits the shutdown signal when the oil pump fails and stops.

[0103] The control cabinet delayed power supply time relay 109 is in an open state by default, and starts timing after power is turned on. After the timing is completed, it is turned on to close the energized AC contactor 104.

[0104] Embodiment 2:

[0105] See also Figure 1 and Figure 7 The multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet 5 is also connected to an information part 4; the information part 4 includes a PDM2000 (production command system) 401 located in the safety production command center of the management area, and the PDM2000 (production command system) 401 controls the RTU (remote terminal unit) 402 built in the multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet 5 in the downstream well field, and the multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet 5 is also equipped with a remote brake module 403 controlled by the RTU (remote terminal unit) 402 and an automatic shutdown brake module 404 for entering a prohibited area, and the remote brake module 403 and the automatic shutdown brake module 404 for entering a prohibited area can control the start and stop of the brake motor 201 through the PLC 119;

[0106] The PLC 119 has a network communication module to upload brake data to the PDM2000 (production command system) 401 in real time;

[0107] If the locking force exceeds the limit time, the buzzer alarm will sound and the situation will be uploaded to the command center;

[0108] Working principle of the present invention:

[0109] Self-control part 1:

[0110] When debugging the brake, the manual / automatic conversion switch 110 is adjusted to the manual position, and the intermediate relay 117 enters the starting state, so that the power supply line of the pumping unit is disconnected to protect the pumping unit. The reverse stop button 113, the reverse start button 114, the forward stop button 115, and the forward start button 116 are used as needed to adjust the matching distance between the brake rack and the gear. After the adjustment, the manual / automatic conversion switch 110 is adjusted to the automatic mode;

[0111] When the pumping unit stops due to a fault, the AC contactor in the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet 5 transmits a power-off signal to the power-off AC contactor 103 in the automatic control box, and then reaches the manual / automatic conversion switch 110 through the wiring terminal 105, so that the manual / automatic conversion switch 110 in the automatic state starts the automatic brake, and the delay start time relay 106 starts timing, delaying for xx seconds. At this time, the pumping unit stops and stops, the intermediate relay 117 starts, the power supply line of the pumping unit is disconnected, the delay start time relay 106 is turned on, and the brake motor 201 starts to rotate forward and runs for xx seconds. After reaching the stop time set by the timing stop time relay 107, the stop time relay 107 is disconnected, the brake motor 201 stops, and the brake procedure is completed;

[0112] When the brake is released and the machine is turned on, the brake start button 111 is pressed, the brake release time relay 108 starts timing, the brake motor 201 starts to reverse, runs for xx seconds, the brake is completely released, the brake release time relay 108 is disconnected, and the brake motor 201 stops running; after the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet 5 delay power supply time relay 109 has a delay of xx seconds, the energized AC contactor 104 is turned on, the oil well motor start button is pressed, and the pumping unit starts running;

[0113] The pressure sensor 209 feeds back the brake locking pressure signal to the PLC 119, and the PLC 119 executes the control algorithm to interact with each time relay. After the control is completed, the rotation time of the brake motor 201 is written into the time relay;

[0114] Solar battery backup power supply, when all equipment loses power, accurate braking can be performed according to the last time PLC 119 was sent;

[0115] When the brake is locked, the intermediate relay 117 causes the pumping unit motor to lose power and cannot be started, thereby protecting the pumping unit brake device and electrical equipment from damage.

[0116] Transmission part 2 and brake part 3:

[0117] When the brake is started, the brake motor 201 starts to rotate forward, and the motor rotation torque is converted into radial tension through the worm gear transmission 202, pulling the horizontal pull rod 204 to move radially toward the motor, and through the brake horn on the brake intermediate seat 205, the longitudinal pull rod 206 is driven to move downward vertically to the ground, and the longitudinal pull rod 206 pulls the brake rocker arm 301 to drive the arc-shaped rack 305 below it to move downward, and mesh with the brake gear 306 to brake; the brake gear 306 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 305 carried by the brake rocker arm through its gear, completing the braking of the oil pump;

[0118] When the brake is released, the brake motor 201 reverses, and the motor rotation torque is converted into radial thrust through the worm gear transmission 202, pushing the horizontal pull rod 204 forward, and through the brake horn on the brake intermediate seat 205, driving the brake longitudinal pull rod 206 to move vertically upward on the ground, pushing the brake rocker arm 301 to move upward, and then driving the arc-shaped rack 305 below it to move upward and disengage from the brake gear 306;

[0119] Buffer protection during braking: a fixed brake buffer joint 207 is installed in the middle of the brake longitudinal pull rod 206 to prevent the brake motor from running too long and damaging the brake device and circuit components. The pressure sensor 209 receives the brake locking force and sends the locking force pressure signal to the PLC 119 to adjust the braking time and achieve precise braking.

[0120] When the manual wheel brake is used: the manual brake wheel 203 is rotated with both hands as needed to realize the forward and reverse rotation of the worm gear transmission 202;

[0121] When the brake part 3 is debugged, when the brake is completely released by manual debugging, the minimum distance between the top of the brake arc rack 305 and the top of the brake gear 306 is maintained at 10mm;

[0122] When the arc-shaped rack 305 of the brake rocker arm and the tooth tops of the brake gear 306 are butted against each other and cannot engage in the groove, the brake rocker arm overcomes the elastic force of the fixed return spring 303 under the pull of the longitudinal pull rod 206, and moves forward and backward around the brake fixed locking pin 304 until the arc-shaped rack 305 of the brake rocker arm and the tooth tops of the brake gear 306 are offset and engaged in the groove.

[0123] Information part 4:

[0124] Information function: Each time the brake is applied and released, the program in the remote brake module 403 transmits the brake completion signal / brake release signal to the RTU 402. The RTU 402 transmits the signal to the backend acquisition server of the safety production command center through the network. The server displays the data in real time in the PDM2000 (production command system) 401, and in the PDM2000 401 system, according to the operation status of the pumping unit's brake and brake release, it is convenient for the monitoring personnel to timely grasp the shutdown and brake production status and take production emergency measures in time; when the alarm value is exceeded, an alarm prompt sound is issued to prompt the monitoring personnel to timely grasp the release of the brake and the start-up status, and timely grasp the production operation information;

[0125] Remote well opening function: When remote well opening is required, the oil well monitoring personnel at the safety production command center issues a brake release command, and PDM2000 401 transmits the command to the well site RTU 402 of the well through the network, and then transmits it to the remote brake module 403, and starts the brake release program in the automatic control system 1 through PLC 119 to release the brake and completely release the brake. If the brake is not completely released, the intermediate relay 117 in the automatic control system 1 will self-lock and protect, causing the pumping unit motor to lose power and unable to start. At the same time, the brake release status is verified through the oil well monitoring video. When it is confirmed that the brake is completely released, the remote start can be started. The oil well monitoring personnel at the safety production command center issues a remote well opening command, and PDM2000 401 transmits the command to the well site RTU 402 of the well through the network, and then transmits it to the remote brake start module to realize well opening;

[0126] Intrusion shutdown function: With the balanced fast rotation displacement axis of the beam pump as the baseline, an electronic fence of the prohibited area is set up 50mm outside the two sides of the pump; when the pump is running, when outsiders, creatures, inspection personnel and construction personnel touch the electronic fence set by the video surveillance, the automatic shutdown brake module 404 will immediately start the emergency shutdown and emergency brake procedures through PIC 119 after identification, to ensure the safety of personnel and creatures;

[0127] Power-off shutdown function: When the oil well motor is shut down due to power failure or fault, the AC contactor in the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet transmits the power-off signal to the power-off AC contactor 103 in the automatic control box, and the signal reaches the manual / automatic conversion switch 110 through the terminal 105. During normal operation, the conversion switch 110 is in the automatic position, and the automatic braking mode is started to complete the braking; at this time, the program in the remote braking module 403 transmits the braking completion signal to the well site RTU 402, communicates with RTU 402, and senses the background acquisition server of the safety production command center through the wireless network, displays the data in real time in the PDM2000 401 system, and displays the braking status in the PDM2000 system, and issues an alarm prompt sound to prompt the monitoring personnel to promptly grasp the shutdown and braking production status and take production emergency measures in time.

[0128] Intelligent control braking function: The pressure sensor 209 is installed at the bottom of the first spring 208. The pressure sensor 209 feeds back a signal to the PLC 119 in the automatic control cabinet. The PLC 119 executes the control algorithm to interact with the time relay. After the control is completed, the start time of the brake motor 201 is written into the time relay. The start time of the brake motor 201 and the locking pressure are a nonlinear relationship with hysteresis, that is, there is a certain delay after the motor rotates and is transmitted to the brake system through the physical device. The closer to the braking purpose, the higher the conversion ratio of the motor rotation time and the locking pressure. The PID control with adaptive adjustment of the neural network is used in the present invention to more accurately control the locking force. The pressure sensor 209 signal is collected in real time by the PLC 119, and a closed-loop control system of the intelligent brake device is formed through the feedback of the pressure sensor 209. The transfer function diagram of the closed-loop control system of the intelligent brake device is as follows Fig. 9 shown.

[0129] The present invention adopts a control algorithm based on PID, wherein the PID incremental formula is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] Where K p is the proportional adjustment parameter, K i is the integral adjustment parameter, K d is the differential adjustment parameter, k is the controller gain parameter, and the optimal values ​​of the three parameters are calculated through the neural network. The motor rotation time and the locking pressure show obvious nonlinear characteristics. When PID is used for linear problems, K p , K i , K d There is an optimal solution, and for nonlinear problems, there are different optimal parameters at different times;

[0132] Control quantity of intelligent braking system i 2 (k) and output O i 2 (k) The formula is:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, x j is the rotation time of the brake motor, w ij is the weight coefficient between the intermediate layer neurons and the output layer neurons,

[0135] The deviation between the actual locking pressure of the locking device and the expected locking pressure is e(k)=0 i -x j , the incremental PID control algorithm is used to calculate the value of the PID control quantity u(k), and the discretization result is shown in formula (3):

[0136]

[0137] Among them, T I and T D are the integral and differential time parameters respectively; further, the control increment of PID can be obtained, as shown in formula (4):

[0138]

[0139] BP-PID automatic learning relies on performance evaluation indicators to continuously optimize the nonlinear model close to the locking motor rotation time and locking pressure.

[0140] It should be noted that PDM2000 (production command system) and RTU (remote terminal unit) are commonly used management software and management equipment in oil fields, which are existing technologies and are clear to those skilled in the art.

[0141] All components and connection methods of components not discussed in this application belong to the known technologies in this technical field and can be directly applied without further explanation.

[0142] In the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0143] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “front” and “back” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0144] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0145] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent brake device for a beam pumping unit, comprising a brake part connected to an input shaft of the pumping unit, the brake part being connected to a transmission part, the transmission part being connected to an automatic control part, and the automatic control part being connected to a multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet; It is characterized in that The automatic control part adjusts the brake activation time through the intelligent brake device closed-loop control system.

2. The intelligent brake device for a beam pumping unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The automatic control part includes a power supply line arranged in the automatic control cabinet, a protection circuit connected to the power supply line, an intelligent control circuit and a manual control circuit respectively connected to the protection circuit, a controlled device connected to the control circuit, and also includes a clean energy power supply line.

3. The intelligent brake device of a beam pumping unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The automatic control part includes a power supply circuit, the power supply circuit includes a wiring terminal, the power supply line is connected to the protection circuit through the wiring terminal, and the wiring terminal can also connect the signal lines of various components; The protection circuit includes a power switch, a leakage protector, and a power-off AC contactor arranged in sequence on the line; The intelligent control circuit includes a PLC and a delayed start time relay, a timing stop time relay and a brake release time set relay respectively connected to the PLC, the timing stop time relay and the brake release time set relay are connected to the brake motor of the controlled device, the delayed start time relay is also connected to an intermediate relay, and the PLC is connected to take power through a power-off AC contactor; The manual control circuit includes a manual / automatic conversion switch, which is respectively connected to an intermediate relay, a delayed start time relay, a brake control button, and a forward and reverse button, the brake control button is connected to a brake release time set relay, and the manual / automatic conversion switch is connected to a power-off AC contactor to take power; The power switch is also connected to a clean energy power supply circuit, and the clean energy power supply circuit is a solar cell.

4. The intelligent brake device for a beam pumping unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The brake part includes a brake motor, the output shaft of which is connected to a worm gear transmission to convert rotation into movement, a manual brake disc is installed on the worm gear transmission, the other end of the worm gear transmission is connected to a horizontal pull rod, the horizontal pull rod is connected to one corner of the ram horn on the middle seat, the other corner of the ram horn on the middle seat is connected to the longitudinal pull rod, and the ram horn converts lateral movement into longitudinal movement; The longitudinal pull rod is provided with a brake buffer joint, the upper end of the brake buffer joint is provided with a first spring, the lower end is provided with a second spring, and the lower end of the first spring is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor; It also includes a brake rocker arm, one end of which is connected to the longitudinal pull rod, the other end of which is provided with a movable fixing pin hole, a connecting pin is provided in the movable fixing pin hole, the connecting pin fixing part is connected and fixed to the oil pump, a return spring is provided at the stroke part, and an arc-shaped rack is fixedly connected to the lower part of the brake rocker arm, and the lower tooth shape of the arc-shaped rack can cooperate with the brake gear provided on the input shaft of the reduction box; The brake rocker arm is installed on the outside of the original brake hub of the input shaft of the oil pump reducer, the front end fixing part of the connecting pin is connected and fixed to the oil pump, the movable fixing pin hole can move back and forth on the connecting pin, and the brake rocker arm can rotate around the movable fixing pin hole. When the brake is restored, the return spring can return the movable fixing pin hole to its original position.

5. The intelligent brake device for a beam pumping unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet is connected to the automatic control cabinet, the multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet is connected to the powered AC contactor to draw power, the powered AC contactor is connected to the control cabinet delayed power supply time relay, the control cabinet delayed power supply time relay is connected to the brake release time set relay, the multifunctional oil pumping unit control cabinet connects the signal line to the wiring terminal through the powered AC contactor, the signal line is connected to the manual / automatic conversion switch at the wiring terminal, and the signal line transmits the shutdown signal when the oil pump stops due to a fault.

6. The intelligent brake device for a beam pumping unit according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The PLC collects signals from the pressure sensor and the time relay connected to the PLC in real time, and forms a closed-loop control system for the intelligent brake device through pressure sensor feedback data and relay setting time.

7. The intelligent brake device for a beam pumping unit according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The closed-loop control system of the intelligent brake device adopts a control algorithm based on PID with neural network adaptive adjustment, where the PID incremental type is as follows: Where K p is the proportional adjustment parameter, K i is the integral adjustment parameter, K d is the differential adjustment parameter, k is the controller gain parameter, and the optimal values ​​of the three parameters are calculated through the neural network. The motor rotation time and the locking pressure show obvious nonlinear characteristics. When PID is used for linear problems, K p , K i , K d There is an optimal solution, and for nonlinear problems, there are different optimal parameters at different times; Control quantity of intelligent braking system i 2 (k) and output O i 2 (k) The formula is: Among them, x j is the rotation time of the brake motor, w ij is the weight coefficient between the intermediate layer neurons and the output layer neurons, The deviation between the actual locking pressure of the locking device and the expected locking pressure is e(k)=0 i -x j , the incremental PID control algorithm is used to calculate the value of the PID control quantity u(k), and the discretization result is shown in formula (3): Among them, T I and T D are the integral and differential time parameters respectively; further, the control increment of PID can be obtained, as shown in formula (4): BP-PID automatic learning relies on performance evaluation indicators to continuously optimize the nonlinear model close to the locking motor rotation time and locking pressure.

8. The intelligent brake device for a beam pumping unit according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet is also connected to an information part; the information part includes PDM2000, a production command system, located in the safety production command center of the management area. The PDM2000 commands the RTU, or remote terminal unit, built into the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet in the downstream well site; The multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet is also equipped with a remote brake module controlled by the RTU and an automatic shutdown brake module for entering a prohibited area. The remote brake module and the automatic stop brake module for entering the prohibited area control the start and stop of the brake motor through PLC; The PLC has a network communication module to upload brake data to the PDM in real time.

9. The method for using the intelligent brake device of a beam pumping unit is characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Steps of circuit setup; The delay start time relay and the control cabinet delay power supply time relay are in an open state by default, and start timing after starting, and turn on after timing is completed; The timing stop time relay and the release brake time set relay are in a default state of on, and start timing after starting, and disconnect after the timing is completed; The intermediate relay execution part is arranged on the power circuit of the oil pumping unit, and makes the oil pumping unit lose power when starting; S2: Steps for debugging brakes; When debugging the brake, the manual / automatic conversion switch is adjusted to the manual position, and the intermediate relay enters the starting state, disconnecting the power supply line of the pumping unit to protect the pumping unit. Use the reverse stop button, reverse start button, forward stop button, and forward start button as needed to adjust the clearance between the brake rack and the gear. After adjustment, adjust the manual / automatic conversion switch to automatic mode; S3: The step of stopping the pumping unit due to a fault and automatically starting the brake; When the pumping unit stops due to a fault, a stop signal is sent from the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet to the manual / automatic switch in the automatic state, the automatic brake is started, and the delay start time relay starts timing, delaying for xx seconds. At this time, the pumping unit stops steadily and stops, the intermediate relay is started, the power supply line of the pumping unit is disconnected, the delay start time relay is turned on, the brake motor 201 starts to rotate forward, runs for xx seconds, and after reaching the stop time set by the timing stop time relay, the stop time relay is disconnected, the brake motor stops, and the braking is completed; S4: Release the brake to start the machine In the automatic state, press the brake start button, the brake release time relay starts timing, the brake motor starts to reverse, runs for xx seconds, the brake is completely released, the brake release time relay is disconnected, and the brake motor stops running; after the multi-functional pumping unit control cabinet delay power supply time relay has a delay of seconds, the energized AC contactor is turned on, the oil well motor start button is pressed, and the pump starts to run.

10. A remote control method for an intelligent brake device of a beam pumping unit, characterized in that: The control method includes an information function, a remote well opening function, an intrusion shutdown function, and a power failure shutdown function; The information functions are: Each time the brake is applied and released, the program in the remote brake module transmits a brake completion signal / brake release completion signal to the RTU. The RTU transmits the signal to the backend collection server of the safety production command center through the network, and the server displays the data in real time in PDM2000. In the PDM system, alarm values ​​are set based on the big data of the braking and releasing operation status of the oil pump. When the alarm value is exceeded, an alarm prompt sound is sounded to prompt the monitoring personnel to grasp the braking, oil pumping unit status and production operation information in time and take production emergency measures; The remote well opening function is: When it is necessary to remotely open the well, the oil well monitoring personnel at the safety production command center will issue a brake release command. The PDM2000 will transmit the command to the well site RTU through the network, and then to the remote brake module. The brake release program in the automatic control system will be started through the PLC to release the brake and completely release the brake. If the brake is not completely released, the intermediate relay in the automatic control system will self-lock and protect, causing the pumping unit motor to lose power and unable to start. At the same time, the brake release status can be verified through the oil well monitoring video. After confirming that the brakes are completely released, the oil well monitoring personnel at the safety production command center will issue a remote well opening command to open the well; The intrusion shutdown function is: Taking the balanced fast-rotation displacement axis of the beam pumping unit as the baseline, electronic fences of prohibited areas are set up on both sides of the pumping unit; When the pump is running, if outsiders, creatures, inspection personnel, or construction personnel touch the electronic fence set by the video surveillance, the automatic shutdown and brake module will immediately start the emergency shutdown and emergency brake procedures through the PIC after identifying the intrusion into the prohibited area; The power-off shutdown function is: When the oil well motor stops due to power failure or fault, the AC contactor in the multifunctional pumping unit control cabinet transmits the power failure signal to the power failure AC contactor in the automatic control box. The signal passes through the wiring terminal and reaches the manual / automatic conversion switch, starting the automatic braking mode and completing the braking. The information function can also send out an alarm prompt sound to remind monitoring personnel to promptly understand the shutdown and braking production status and take timely production emergency measures.

Images