Spray type freeze drying equipment for drying materials

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drying equipment, and discloses spray type freeze drying equipment for drying materials, which comprises a drying bin, the drying bin is a rectangular box with an opening at the upper end, a detachable sealing cover is movably arranged at the opening at the upper end of the drying bin, and a fixed spray device is arranged above the sealing cover. The side face of the drying bin is provided with a mounting opening, and a movable sealing structure is arranged at the position, corresponding to the mounting opening, of the side face of the drying bin. According to the device, the vacuum degree in the drying bin is smaller than 0.5 mbar through the vacuum suction structure, small ice crystals start to sublimate at the moment, the temperature is conducted to the connecting plate through cooperation of the heating structure and the moving box, and the sublimation speed of the small ice crystals is increased through cooperation of the heated connecting plate and the vacuum environment in the drying bin; and sublimated gas can flow from the positions of the first ventilation cavity and the first air outlet holes by moving the first movable plate, so that the drying efficiency is improved on the whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drying equipment, and in particular to a spray-type freeze-drying equipment for drying materials. Background Art

[0002] Freeze drying technology is a drying technology that first freezes the material into a solid state in a low temperature environment, allowing the water in it to sublimate directly from the solid state to the gas state, thereby achieving the dehydration of the material. Spray drying technology is a drying technology that disperses the material into many small droplets to expand the heat exchange area of ​​the material, allowing the water in it to evaporate into a gas state in an instant, and finally achieving the purpose of dehydrating the material. Vacuum spray freeze drying technology is developed on the basis of freeze drying technology and spray drying technology. When in use, the liquid material is first atomized into small droplets by a spray gun. The small droplets encounter the extremely low temperature cold air that has been cooled and instantly freeze into small ice crystals. At this time, the small ice crystals will gradually accumulate after falling, and then the internal environment will be vacuumed, and the accumulated small ice crystals will be heated by thermal radiation. During the heating process, thermal radiation will only increase the temperature of the small ice crystals on the upper layer, resulting in uneven heating inside and outside the accumulated small ice crystals, affecting the drying efficiency. Gas will be generated during the sublimation process. The limited space inside the small ice crystals that are piled together will cause the gas to be unable to be discharged in time, affecting the drying efficiency. For this reason, we propose a spray freeze drying device for drying materials. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention mainly solves the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provides a spray-type freeze-drying device for drying materials.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a spray-type freeze-drying device for drying materials, including a drying bin, which is a rectangular box with an opening at the upper end, a detachable sealing cover movably provided at the upper opening of the drying bin, a fixed spray device is provided above the sealing cover, a mounting opening is provided on the side of the drying bin, a movable sealing structure is provided at a position corresponding to the mounting opening on the side of the drying bin, a guiding structure movably provided inside the connecting frame and distributed equidistantly, the guiding structure includes a connecting plate movably installed on the inner side of the connecting frame, the connecting plate is a rectangular block, a first air permeable cavity running through both sides of the connecting plate is provided inside the connecting plate, a first movable cavity is provided on the side of the first air permeable cavity corresponding to the position of the first air permeable cavity, and the first movable cavity is provided inside A movable first movable plate is provided on the part, a first adapting cavity is provided on the side of the connecting plate corresponding to the lower part of the first air permeable cavity, a movable second movable plate is provided inside the first adapting cavity, a feeding trough is equidistantly provided on the side of the second movable plate, a second installation cavity is provided on the inner side of the drying bin corresponding to the position of the connecting plate, a mobile box is movably installed inside the second installation cavity, the third telescopic rod is a hollow rectangular block, a heating structure is provided inside the mobile box, air permeable grooves are equidistantly provided on the side of the mobile box, an air flow guiding structure connected with the mobile box is provided above the mobile box, a guide hole is provided on the side of the drying bin, a fixed vacuum suction structure is provided on the outer side of the drying bin corresponding to the position of the guide hole, and a collecting structure is provided inside the drying bin corresponding to the position of the installation port.

[0005] Preferably, a second movable cavity penetrating the connecting plate and the first movable plate is provided on the side of the connecting plate, a first telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the side of the drying chamber, a movable rod is fixedly installed on the output end of the first telescopic rod, the movable rod sequentially penetrates several second movable cavities, an extrusion block is fixedly installed on the side of the movable rod corresponding to the position of the first movable plate, a spring is fixedly installed on the side of the first movable plate, first air outlet holes are provided at the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate corresponding to the positions of the first air permeable cavity, and the first air outlet holes are circular holes equidistantly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the connecting frame.

[0006] Preferably, the heating structure includes a heater equidistantly fixedly installed inside the mobile box, a fixed third telescopic rod is provided on the outside of the drying chamber, the output end of the third telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the input end of the heater, and the medium of the heater is in contact with the inner side of the mobile box.

[0007] Preferably, the airflow guiding structure includes two first connecting tubes symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper side of the moving box, a second connecting tube is fixedly installed between the two first connecting tubes on the upper side of the moving box, a third connecting tube is fixedly installed equidistantly on the side corresponding to the second connecting tube and the first connecting tube, and second air outlet holes equidistantly distributed are equidistantly opened on the sides of the first connecting tube, the second connecting tube and the third connecting tube, the interior of the second air outlet hole is interconnected with the interior of the moving box, the second air outlet is interconnected with the interior of the second connecting tube through the third connecting tube, the interior of the second connecting tube is interconnected with the interior of the moving box, the first guide tubes are fixedly installed on the sides of the two first connecting tubes, a second guide tube is fixedly installed on the side of the drying bin corresponding to the position of the first guide tube, a connecting bellows is fixedly installed on the side of the second guide tube corresponding to the first guide tube, and the side of the connecting bellows away from the second guide tube is fixedly connected to one side of the first guide tube.

[0008] Preferably, a first installation cavity is provided on the side of the drying bin at a position corresponding to the connecting frame, a movable hole is provided on the side of the connecting frame at a position corresponding to the connecting plate, the connecting plate is movably installed inside the movable hole through a rotating shaft, a rotating gear is movably installed inside the movable hole, one end of the rotating gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the connecting plate, and the other end of the rotating gear extends to the inside of the first installation cavity, a rack is movably installed inside the first installation cavity, the rack and the rotating gear are meshed with each other, a second telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the side of the drying bin at a position corresponding to the first installation cavity, and an output end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the side of the rack.

[0009] Preferably, a second installation cavity is opened on the side of the drying bin corresponding to the upper side of the first installation cavity, a third telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the side of the drying bin corresponding to the position of the second installation cavity, and the output end of the third telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the side of the mobile box.

[0010] Preferably, a third movable cavity is opened on the inner side of the drying bin at a position corresponding to the first adapter cavity, the second movable plate is movably installed inside the third movable cavity, a fourth telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the outer side of the drying bin at a position corresponding to the third movable cavity, a connecting column is fixedly installed on the output end of the fourth telescopic rod at a position corresponding to the third movable cavity, and one end of the connecting column is fixedly installed on the side of the second movable plate.

[0011] Preferably, the sealing structure includes a sealing door, which is hinged on the side of the drying bin at a position corresponding to the installation opening, a fixed connecting handle is provided on the outside of the sealing door, and a connecting frame is fixedly installed inside the drying bin, and the connecting frame is a "U"-shaped rectangular frame.

[0012] Preferably, the vacuum suction structure includes a guide hole opened on the side of the drying chamber, a detachable fourth connecting pipe is arranged at a position of the guide hole on the outside of the drying chamber, a fixed water vapor capture device is arranged at a position of the fourth connecting pipe on the outside of the drying chamber, the fourth connecting pipe is connected to the input end of the water vapor capture device, a fixed cold trap is arranged above the position of the water vapor capture device on the outside of the drying chamber, the interior of the cold trap is connected to the interior of the water vapor capture device, a compressor is fixedly installed at the position of the cold trap on the outside of the drying chamber, the output end of the compressor is fixedly connected to the input end of the cold trap, a fixed intelligent vacuum pump is arranged on the side of the drying chamber, the input and output ends of the intelligent vacuum pump are fixedly connected to the output end of the cold trap, and a vacuum pressure detection structure is arranged on the side of the intelligent vacuum pump.

[0013] Preferably, the collecting structure comprises a bottom plate movably mounted at a position corresponding to the mounting opening inside the drying bin, two enclosures are fixedly mounted on the upper side of the bottom plate, third mounting cavities are equidistantly provided on the sides corresponding to each other of the two enclosures, mounting plates are slidably mounted inside the two third mounting cavities, and fixed handles are fixedly mounted on the sides of the restraining plates.

[0014] Beneficial Effects

[0015] The present invention provides a spray-type freeze-drying device for drying materials. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The spray-type freeze-drying equipment for drying materials uses a spray device to atomize liquid materials into small droplets when spraying out, and injects cold air into the interior of the airflow guide structure to freeze the small droplets into small ice crystals. The small ice crystals are collected by the cooperation between the connecting plate and the second movable plate to prevent the small ice crystals from stacking together. The vacuum degree inside the drying chamber is then made less than 0.4 millibar through the vacuum suction structure. At this time, the small ice crystals begin to sublime. The temperature is transferred to the connecting plate through the cooperation of the heating structure and the moving box. The heated connecting plate cooperates with the vacuum environment inside the drying chamber to accelerate the sublimation speed of the small ice crystals. The first movable plate is moved to allow the sublimated gas to flow from the first air permeable cavity and the first air outlet, thereby improving the drying efficiency as a whole.

[0017] (2) The spray freeze drying equipment for drying materials, when drying solid materials, first heats the airflow through the cooperation of the heating structure and the guide structure, and the hot airflow then heats the solid materials above the mounting plate, and then the vacuum suction structure is removed, so that the airflow is discharged from the position of the guide hole with moisture, so as to achieve the drying of the solid materials, and the cold air is ejected from the position of the second air outlet through the second guide pipe, the connecting bellows, the first guide pipe, the first connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, and the cold air entering the interior of the mobile box is ejected from the position of the air vent.

[0018] (3) In the spray freeze drying equipment for drying materials, cold air is ejected from the second air outlet through the second guide pipe, the connecting bellows, the first guide pipe, the first connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, and the cold air entering the interior of the mobile box is ejected through the air vents, thereby evenly cooling the interior of the drying chamber and increasing the speed at which small droplets are converted into small ice crystals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the present invention or the technical solution in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0020] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the mobile box of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a side sectional view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the connection frame of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0029] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 7Enlarged structural diagram at point C in the middle.

[0030] Legend:

[0031] 101, drying chamber; 102, sealing cover; 103, spray device; 104, installation port; 105, sealing door; 106, connecting handle; 211, connecting frame; 212, connecting plate; 213, first ventilation cavity; 214, first adapting cavity; 215, first movable cavity; 216, first movable plate; 217, first air outlet; 221, spring; 223, second movable cavity; 224, first telescopic rod; 225, movable rod; 226, extrusion block; 231, first installation cavity; 232, movable hole; 233, rotating gear; 234, second telescopic rod; 235, rack; 241, second installation cavity; 242, third telescopic rod; 243, moving box; 244, ventilation groove ; 245. heating device; 246. heater; 251. first connecting tube; 252. second connecting tube; 253. third connecting tube; 254. second air outlet; 255. first guide tube; 256. second guide tube; 257. connecting bellows; 311. third movable cavity; 312. second movable plate; 313. fourth telescopic rod; 314. connecting column; 315. discharge chute; 411. restraining plate; 412. third mounting cavity; 413. mounting plate; 414. enclosure; 415. bottom plate; 416. fixed handle; 511. guide hole; 512. fourth connecting tube; 513. water vapor capture device; 514. cold trap; 515. compressor; 516. intelligent vacuum pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 9As shown in the figure, a spray freeze-drying device for drying materials includes a drying chamber 101. The drying chamber 101 is a rectangular box with an open upper end. A detachable sealing cover 102 is movably arranged at the open upper end of the drying chamber 101. A fixed spray device 103 is arranged above the sealing cover 102. The spray device 103 is a prior art and will not be elaborated here. An installation opening 104 is formed on the side of the drying chamber 101, and there is a movable sealing structure at the position of the drying chamber 101 corresponding to the installation opening 104. The sealing structure includes a sealing door 105. The sealing door 105 is hinged at the position of the side of the drying chamber 101 corresponding to the installation opening 104. A fixed connecting handle 106 is arranged on the outer side of the sealing door 105. A connecting frame 211 is fixedly installed inside the drying chamber 101. The connecting frame 211 is a rectangular frame in the shape of a "hui" character. A guiding structure is movably arranged inside the connecting frame 211 at equal intervals. The guiding structure includes a connecting plate 212 movably installed inside the inner side of the connecting frame 211. The connecting plate 212 is a rectangular block. A first air-permeable cavity 213 penetrating both sides of the connecting plate 212 is formed inside the connecting plate 212. A first movable cavity 215 is formed on the side of the first air-permeable cavity 213 corresponding to the first air-permeable cavity 213. A movable first movable plate 216 is arranged inside the first movable cavity 215. A first adaptation cavity 214 is formed on the side of the connecting plate 212 corresponding to the lower part of the first air-permeable cavity 213. A movable second movable plate 312 is arranged inside the first adaptation cavity 214. A plurality of material discharging grooves 315 are equidistantly formed on the side of the second movable plate 312. A second installation cavity 241 is formed on the inner side of the drying chamber 101 corresponding to the connecting plate 212. A moving box 243 is movably installed inside the second installation cavity 241. The third telescopic rod 242 is a hollow rectangular block. A heating structure is arranged inside the moving box 243. A plurality of air-permeable grooves 244 are equidistantly formed on the side of the moving box 243. An air flow guiding structure communicating with the moving box 243 is arranged above the moving box 243. A guiding hole 511 is formed on the side of the drying chamber 101. A fixed vacuum suction structure is arranged at the position of the drying chamber 101 corresponding to the guiding hole 511. The vacuum suction structure is a prior art and will not be elaborated here. A collecting structure is arranged at the position of the drying chamber 101 corresponding to the installation opening 104. The collecting structure includes a bottom plate 415 movably installed at the position of the drying chamber 101 corresponding to the installation opening 104. Two enclosing plates 414 are fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate 415. A plurality of third installation cavities 412 are equidistantly formed on the side of the two enclosing plates 414 corresponding to each other. An installation plate 413 is slidably installed inside the two third installation cavities 412. A fixed handle 416 is fixedly installed on the side of the restraining plate 411. When drying solid materials, the heating structure causes the moving box 243 and the connecting plate 212 to start heating, fills air into the air flow guiding structure, and the air flow guiding structure is heated when passing through the moving box 243 and the connecting plate 212. The heated air flow moves to the collecting structure, and then the vacuum suction structure is disassembled.The air flow is discharged from the guide hole 511 with moisture, and the liquid material is atomized into small droplets through the spray device 103. The cold air flow is poured into the interior of the drying bin 101 through the air flow guiding structure. The cold air flow instantly freezes the small droplets into small ice crystals during the flow. The small ice crystals fall on the side of the connecting plate 212. The second movable plate 312 is used to prevent the small ice crystals that fall between the two adjacent connecting plates 212 from continuing to move downward. The small ice crystals accumulate between the two connecting plates 212. The air flow guiding structure pours the cold air flow into the interior of the first air cavity 213 through the air permeable groove 244 to continuously cool the small ice crystals. When the small ice crystals accumulate to a certain number, the vacuum suction structure is started and the passage of gas is stopped. The guiding structure continues to inject cold air into the interior of the drying chamber 101. When the vacuum degree inside the drying chamber 101 is less than 0.4 mbar, the two mobile boxes 243 are moved so that the sides of the two mobile boxes 243 are in close contact with the two sides of the connecting plate 212. The heating structure is started, and the heating structure transfers the temperature to the mobile box 243. The mobile box 243 transfers the temperature to the connecting plate 212. The small ice crystals accumulated on the connecting plate 212 are gradually heated. The vacuum degree inside the drying chamber 101 is less than 0.4 mbar. At this time, the small ice crystals inside the drying chamber 101 will sublime. The increase in temperature will also accelerate the sublimation speed of the small ice crystals. The vacuum suction structure controls the vacuum degree inside the drying chamber 101, and the small ice crystals sublime. During the process, the first movable plate 216 is moved so that the first movable plate 216 moves to the inside of the first air permeable cavity 213 to increase the flow space of the airflow. After drying, the second movable plate 312 is moved, and the second movable plate 312 drives the unloading chute 315 to move between the two connecting plates 212. The vacuum absorption structure can absorb the gas and control the vacuum environment inside the drying chamber 101. The side of the connecting plate 212 is provided with a second movable cavity 223 of the first movable plate 216 that penetrates the connecting plate 212. The side of the drying chamber 101 is fixedly installed with a first telescopic rod 224, and the output end of the first telescopic rod 224 is fixedly installed with a movable rod 225. The movable rod 225 penetrates several second The movable cavity 223, the side of the movable rod 225 is fixedly installed with a squeezing block 226 corresponding to the position of the first movable plate 216, the side of the first movable plate 216 is fixedly installed with a spring 221, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate 212 are opened with first air outlet holes 217 corresponding to the positions of the first air permeable cavity 213. The first air outlet holes 217 are circular holes equidistantly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the connecting frame 211. When the two moving boxes 243 clamp and fix the two sides of the spring 221, the first telescopic rod 224 is started, and the first telescopic rod 224 drives the movable rod 225 and the squeezing block 226 to squeeze the side of the first movable plate 216, so that the first movable plate 216 moves to the inside of the first air permeable cavity 213.

[0034] The heating structure includes a heater 246 fixedly installed at equal intervals inside the mobile box 243. A fixed third telescopic rod 242 is provided on the outside of the drying chamber 101. The output end of the third telescopic rod 242 is fixedly connected to the input end of the heater 246. The medium of the heater 246 contacts the inner side of the mobile box 243. The heater 246 is heated by the heating device 245. The heat emitted by the heater 246 is transferred to the side of the mobile box 243, and the heat on the mobile box 243 is then transferred to the connecting plate 212 in contact with it.

[0035] The airflow guiding structure includes two first connecting tubes 251 symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper side of the moving box 243, a second connecting tube 252 is fixedly installed between the two first connecting tubes 251 on the upper side of the moving box 243, a third connecting tube 253 is fixedly installed equidistantly on the side corresponding to the second connecting tube 252 and the first connecting tube 251, and second air outlet holes 254 equidistantly distributed are equidistantly opened on the sides of the first connecting tube 251, the second connecting tube 252 and the third connecting tube 253, the interior of the second air outlet hole 254 is interconnected with the interior of the moving box 243, the second air outlet hole 254 is interconnected with the interior of the second connecting tube 252 through the third connecting tube 253, the interior of the second connecting tube 252 is interconnected with the interior of the moving box 243, and the sides of the two first connecting tubes 251 are fixedly installed with the first guiding tube 2 55. A second guide pipe 256 is fixedly installed on the side of the drying chamber 101 at a position corresponding to the first guide pipe 255. A connecting bellows 257 is fixedly installed on the side of the second guide pipe 256 corresponding to the first guide pipe 255. The side of the connecting bellows 257 away from the second guide pipe 256 is fixedly connected to the side of the first guide pipe 255. Cold air is ejected from the position of the second air outlet 254 through the second guide pipe 256, the connecting bellows 257, the first guide pipe 255, the first connecting pipe 251, the third connecting pipe 253 and the second connecting pipe 252. The cold air entering the interior of the movable box 243 is ejected from the position of the air vent 244. The second guide pipe 256 is connected to the first guide pipe 255 through the connecting bellows 257. The first guide pipe 255 can swing slightly with the first connecting pipe 251.

[0036] A first installation cavity 231 is provided on the side of the drying chamber 101 at a position corresponding to the connection frame 211, and a movable hole 232 is provided on the side of the connection frame 211 at a position corresponding to the connection plate 212. The connection plate 212 is movably installed in the movable hole 232 through a rotating shaft, and a rotating gear 233 is movably installed in the movable hole 232. One end of the rotating gear 233 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the connection plate 212, and the other end of the rotating gear 233 extends to the inside of the first installation cavity 231. A rack 233 is movably installed in the first installation cavity 231. 35, the rack 235 and the rotating gear 233 are meshed with each other, and a second telescopic rod 234 is fixedly installed on the side of the drying chamber 101 corresponding to the position of the first installation cavity 231, and the output end of the second telescopic rod 234 is fixedly installed on the side of the rack 235. The rack 235 is driven to move by the second telescopic rod 234, and the rotating gear 233 is driven to rotate when the rack 235 moves, and the rotating gear 233 drives the connecting plate 212 to swing. By swinging the connecting plate 212, the inclination angle of the connecting plate 212 can be adjusted, and the connecting plate 212 can also be adjusted. The connecting plate 212 is swung to make the material on the connecting plate 212 fall quickly, and a second installation cavity 241 is opened on the side of the drying bin 101 corresponding to the upper part of the first installation cavity 231, and a third telescopic rod 242 is fixedly installed on the side of the drying bin 101 corresponding to the position of the second installation cavity 241, and the output end of the third telescopic rod 242 is fixedly installed on the side of the moving box 243, and the moving box 243 is driven to swing by the third telescopic rod 242, and a third movable cavity 3 is opened on the inner side of the drying bin 101 corresponding to the position of the first adapting cavity 214. 11. The second movable plate 312 is movably installed inside the third movable chamber 311. A fourth telescopic rod 313 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the drying chamber 101 corresponding to the position of the third movable chamber 311. A connecting column 314 is fixedly installed on the output end of the fourth telescopic rod 313 corresponding to the position of the third movable chamber 311. One end of the connecting column 314 is fixedly installed on the side of the second movable plate 312. The second movable plate 312 is moved by the fourth telescopic rod 313 to adjust the position of the discharge chute 315 to match the swing position of the connecting plate 212.

[0037] The vacuum suction structure includes a guide hole 511 opened on the side of the drying chamber 101, a disassembled fourth connecting pipe 512 is arranged at a position corresponding to the guide hole 511 on the outside of the drying chamber 101, a fixed water vapor capture device 513 is arranged at a position corresponding to the fourth connecting pipe 512 on the outside of the drying chamber 101, the fourth connecting pipe 512 is connected to the input end of the water vapor capture device 513, a fixed cold trap 514 is arranged above the position corresponding to the water vapor capture device 513 on the outside of the drying chamber 101, the interior of the cold trap 514 is interconnected with the interior of the water vapor capture device 513, and a compressor 515 is fixedly installed at a position corresponding to the cold trap 514 on the outside of the drying chamber 101 The output end of the compressor 515 is fixedly connected to the input end of the cold trap 514, and a fixed intelligent vacuum pump 516 is arranged on the side of the drying chamber 101. The input and output ends of the intelligent vacuum pump 516 are fixedly connected to the output end of the cold trap 514, and a vacuum pressure detection structure is arranged on the side of the intelligent vacuum pump 516. The intelligent vacuum pump 516 and the vacuum pressure detection structure are existing technologies and are not described in detail here. The pressure environment inside the drying chamber 101 is detected by the vacuum pressure detection structure. After the intelligent vacuum pump 516 works, the interior of the drying chamber 101 is vacuumed, and the gas inside the drying chamber 101 comes out through the water vapor capture device 513, the cold trap 514 and the intelligent vacuum pump 516.

[0038] Working principle of the present invention:

[0039] When in use, the liquid material is atomized into small droplets by the spray device 103, and a cold air flow is poured into the interior of the drying bin 101 through the air flow guiding structure. The cold air flow instantly freezes the small droplets into small ice crystals during the flow, and the small ice crystals fall on the side of the connecting plate 212. The second movable plate 312 is used to prevent the small ice crystals that fall between the two adjacent connecting plates 212 from continuing to move downward. The small ice crystals accumulate between the two connecting plates 212, and the air flow guiding structure pours the cold air flow into the interior of the first air permeable cavity 213 through the air permeable groove 244 to continuously cool the small ice crystals. When the small ice crystals accumulate to a certain number, the vacuum suction structure is started and the cold air flow is stopped from continuing to be poured into the interior of the drying bin 101 through the air guiding structure. When the drying bin 101 When the internal vacuum degree is less than 0.4 mbar, the two moving boxes 243 are moved so that the sides of the two moving boxes 243 are in close contact with the two sides of the connecting plate 212, and the heating structure is started. The heating structure transfers the temperature to the moving boxes 243, and the moving boxes 243 transfer the temperature to the connecting plate 212. The small ice crystals accumulated on the connecting plate 212 are gradually heated, and the vacuum degree inside the drying chamber 101 is less than 0.4 mbar. At this time, the small ice crystals inside the drying chamber 101 will sublime, and the increase in temperature will also accelerate the sublimation speed of the small ice crystals. The vacuum suction structure controls the vacuum degree inside the drying chamber 101. During the sublimation of the small ice crystals, the first movable plate 216 is moved so that the first movable plate 216 moves to the inside of the first air permeable cavity 213 to increase the vacuum degree inside the drying chamber 101. The second movable plate 312 is moved to the flow space of the atmospheric airflow after drying is completed, and the second movable plate 312 drives the unloading chute 315 to move between the two connecting plates 212. The vacuum absorption structure can absorb the gas and control the vacuum environment inside the drying chamber 101. When the two movable boxes 243 clamp and fix the two sides of the spring 221, the first telescopic rod 224 is started, and the first telescopic rod 224 drives the movable rod 225 and the extrusion block 226 to squeeze the side of the first movable plate 216, so that the first movable plate 216 moves to the inside of the first air permeable cavity 213, and the heater 246 is heated by the heating device 245. The heat emitted by the heater 246 is transferred to the side of the movable box 243, and the side of the movable box 243 is The heat is then transferred to the connecting plate 212 in contact with it, and the cold air is ejected from the second air outlet 254 through the second guide pipe 256, the connecting bellows 257, the first guide pipe 255, the first connecting pipe 251, the third connecting pipe 253 and the second connecting pipe 252, and the cold air entering the interior of the moving box 243 is ejected from the air vent 244. The second guide pipe 256 is connected to the first guide pipe 255 through the connecting bellows 257, and the first guide pipe 255 can swing slightly with the first connecting pipe 251, and the rack 235 is moved by the second telescopic rod 234. When the rack 235 moves, it drives the rotating gear 233 to rotate, and the rotating gear 233 drives the connecting plate 212 to swing.The inclination angle of the connecting plate 212 can be adjusted by swinging the connecting plate 212, and the material on the connecting plate 212 can be quickly dropped by swinging the connecting plate 212. The third telescopic rod 242 drives the moving box 243 to swing, and the fourth telescopic rod 313 moves the second movable plate 312 to adjust the position of the material discharge chute 315 to cooperate with the swinging position of the connecting plate 212. The vacuum pressure detection structure is used to detect the pressure environment inside the drying bin 101. After the intelligent vacuum pump 516 works, the inside of the drying bin 101 is vacuumed, and the gas inside the drying bin 101 comes out through the water vapor capture device 513, the cold trap 514 and the intelligent vacuum pump 516. When the solid material is dried, the heating structure causes the moving box 243 and the connecting plate 212 to start heating, and the air is poured into the inside of the airflow guide structure. The airflow guide structure is heated when passing through the moving box 243 and the connecting plate 212, and the heated airflow moves to the collecting structure, and then the vacuum suction structure is disassembled, so that the airflow is discharged from the position of the guide hole 511 with moisture. ,

[0040] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials, comprising a drying chamber (101), the drying chamber (101) being a rectangular box with an upper opening, a detachable sealing cover (102) being movably provided at the upper opening of the drying chamber (101), a fixed spray device (103) being provided above the sealing cover (102), characterized in that: The drying chamber (101) is provided with an installation opening (104) on the side thereof, and a movable sealing structure is provided on the side thereof corresponding to the installation opening (104). The connecting frame (211) is provided with guide structures movably arranged inside thereof and distributed at equal intervals. The guide structures include a connecting plate (212) movably arranged inside the connecting frame (211), the connecting plate (212) being a rectangular block, a first air permeable cavity (213) penetrating through both sides of the connecting plate (212) being provided inside the connecting plate (212), a first movable cavity (215) being provided on the side thereof corresponding to the position of the first air permeable cavity (213), a movable first movable plate (216) being provided inside the first movable cavity (215), a first adapting cavity (214) being provided on the side thereof corresponding to the lower portion of the first air permeable cavity (213), and the first adapting cavity (214) being provided inside thereof. A movable second movable plate (312) is provided, and a material discharge groove (315) is equidistantly provided on the side of the second movable plate (312); a second installation cavity (241) is provided on the inner side of the drying bin (101) at a position corresponding to the connecting plate (212); a movable box (243) is movably installed inside the second installation cavity (241); a third telescopic rod (242) is a hollow rectangular block; a heating structure is provided inside the movable box (243); air permeable grooves (244) are equidistantly provided on the side of the movable box (243); an air flow guiding structure that is interconnected with the movable box (243) is provided above the movable box (243); a guide hole (511) is provided on the side of the drying bin (101); a fixed vacuum suction structure is provided on the outer side of the drying bin (101) at a position corresponding to the guide hole (511); and a collecting structure is provided inside the drying bin (101) at a position corresponding to the installation opening (104).

2. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second movable cavity (223) penetrating the connecting plate (212) and the first movable plate (216) is provided on the side of the connecting plate (212); a first telescopic rod (224) is fixedly installed on the side of the drying chamber (101); a movable rod (225) is fixedly installed on the output end of the first telescopic rod (224); the movable rod (225) sequentially penetrates a plurality of second movable cavities (223); an extrusion block (226) is fixedly installed on the side of the movable rod (225) corresponding to the position of the first movable plate (216); a spring (221) is fixedly installed on the side of the first movable plate (216); first air outlet holes (217) are provided at the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate (212) corresponding to the positions of the first air permeable cavity (213); the first air outlet holes (217) are circular holes equidistantly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the connecting frame (211).

3. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating structure comprises a heater (246) which is fixedly installed at equal intervals inside the moving box (243); a third telescopic rod (242) is fixedly arranged outside the drying chamber (101); an output end of the third telescopic rod (242) is fixedly connected to an input end of the heater (246); and a medium of the heater (246) contacts the inner side of the moving box (243).

4. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The airflow guiding structure comprises two first connecting tubes (251) symmetrically fixedly mounted on the upper side of the moving box (243); a second connecting tube (252) is fixedly mounted between the two first connecting tubes (251) on the upper side of the moving box (243); a third connecting tube (253) is fixedly mounted equidistantly on the side corresponding to the second connecting tube (252) and the first connecting tube (251); second air outlet holes (254) are equidistantly arranged on the sides of the first connecting tube (251), the second connecting tube (252) and the third connecting tube (253); the interior of the second air outlet hole (254) is communicated with the interior of the moving box (243); and the second air outlet holes (254) are equidistantly arranged on the sides of the first connecting tube (251), the second connecting tube (252) and the third connecting tube (253). 54) is interconnected with the interior of the second connecting tube (252) through the third connecting tube (253), the interior of the second connecting tube (252) is interconnected with the interior of the moving box (243), the sides of the two first connecting tubes (251) are fixedly installed with a first guide tube (255), the side of the drying chamber (101) corresponds to the position of the first guide tube (255) and the second guide tube (256) is fixedly installed with a connecting bellows (257) on the side of the second guide tube (256) corresponding to the first guide tube (255), and the side of the connecting bellows (257) away from the second guide tube (256) is fixedly connected to the side of the first guide tube (255).

5. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first installation cavity (231) is provided on the side of the drying bin (101) at a position corresponding to the connection frame (211); a movable hole (232) is provided on the side of the connection frame (211) at a position corresponding to the connection plate (212); the connection plate (212) is movably installed in the movable hole (232) via a rotating shaft; a rotating gear (233) is movably installed in the movable hole (232); one end of the rotating gear (233) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the connection plate (212); the other end of the rotating gear (233) extends to the inside of the first installation cavity (231); a rack (235) is movably installed in the inside of the first installation cavity (231); the rack (235) and the rotating gear (233) are meshed with each other; a second telescopic rod (234) is fixedly installed on the side of the drying bin (101) at a position corresponding to the first installation cavity (231); and an output end of the second telescopic rod (234) is fixedly installed on the side of the rack (235).

6. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second installation cavity (241) is provided on the side of the drying bin (101) corresponding to the upper side of the first installation cavity (231); a third telescopic rod (242) is fixedly installed on the side of the drying bin (101) corresponding to the position of the second installation cavity (241); and an output end of the third telescopic rod (242) is fixedly installed on the side of the moving box (243).

7. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third movable cavity (311) is formed on the inner side of the drying bin (101) corresponding to the position of the first fitting cavity (214). A second movable plate (312) is movably installed inside the third movable cavity (311). A fourth telescopic rod (313) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the drying bin (101) corresponding to the position of the third movable cavity (311). A connecting column (314) is fixedly installed at the output end of the fourth telescopic rod (313) corresponding to the position of the third movable cavity (311). One end of the connecting column (314) is fixedly installed on the side surface of the second movable plate (312).

8. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing structure includes a sealing door (105). The sealing door (105) is hinged at the position corresponding to the installation opening (104) on the side surface of the drying bin (101). A fixed connecting handle (106) is arranged on the outer side of the sealing door (105). A connecting frame (211) is fixedly installed inside the drying bin (101). The connecting frame (211) is a rectangular frame in the shape of a "return" character.

9. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vacuum suction structure includes a guiding hole (511) formed on the side surface of the drying bin (101). A detachable fourth connecting pipe (512) is arranged on the outer side of the drying bin (101) corresponding to the position of the guiding hole (511). A fixed water vapor capturing device (513) is arranged on the outer side of the drying bin (101) corresponding to the position of the fourth connecting pipe (512). The fourth connecting pipe (512) is connected to the input end of the water vapor capturing device (513). A fixed cold trap (514) is arranged above the position of the water vapor capturing device (513) on the outer side of the drying bin (101). The inside of the cold trap (514) is communicated with the inside of the water vapor capturing device (513). A compressor (515) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the drying bin (101) corresponding to the position of the cold trap (514). The output end of the compressor (515) is fixedly connected to the input end of the cold trap (514). A fixed intelligent vacuum pump (516) is arranged on the side surface of the drying bin (101). The input and output ends of the intelligent vacuum pump (516) are fixedly connected to the output end of the cold trap (514). A vacuum pressure detection structure is arranged on the side surface of the intelligent vacuum pump (516).

10. A spray freeze drying device for drying materials according to claim 9, characterized in that: The collection structure includes a bottom plate (415) movably installed inside the drying bin (101) corresponding to the position of the installation opening (104). Two enclosing plates (414) are fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate (415). A plurality of third installation cavities (412) are equidistantly formed on the opposite sides of the two enclosing plates (414). An installation plate (413) is slidably installed inside the two third installation cavities (412). A fixed handle (416) is fixedly installed on the side surface of the restraint plate (411).

Images