Off-peak power utilization battery and charging and discharging control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power grid peak-valley balance and battery energy storage, in particular to an off-peak power utilization battery and a charging and discharging control method thereof. The peak-valley electricity price policy execution main body can actively send commercial power electricity price change information to the batteries, the batteries scattered in the civilian are dispatched to participate in the power grid peak-valley balance process through commercial power electricity price change, real-time and dynamic management of power grid peak-valley balance is achieved, and the intelligent dispatching function of coping with power grid peak-valley fluctuation in real time is achieved. And the battery can practically save the electric charge expenditure for the user through off-peak power utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power grid peak-valley balance and battery energy storage technology, and in particular to a peak-shifting battery and a charging and discharging control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The peak-valley balance problem of the power grid has always been an important task in the construction and operation of the power grid; at the same time, users also very much hope to avoid using municipal electricity (i.e. electricity on the power grid) during peak hours to save electricity expenses, because the municipal electricity price during peak hours is usually higher.

[0003] On the power generation side, with the rapid development of new energy sources with high volatility, such as wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, their large-scale power generation and grid connection pose challenges to the peak-shaving capacity of the power grid. There is an urgent need for controllable loads of sufficient capacity to participate in the daily peak-valley balancing process of the power grid.

[0004] On the electricity consumption side, the power load is mainly composed of industrial power load, commercial power load, household power load and other power loads. Industrial power load, commercial power load, household power load and other loads change with the seasons and work and rest time, showing strong volatility, with large peak-to-valley differences in a day. The inability to accurately predict the load changes on the demand side leads to peak-to-valley balance problems in the power grid.

[0005] In order to adapt to the needs of daily load changes and ensure the reliable and stable operation of the power system, the power system and the government have made a lot of efforts, such as increasing investment in energy storage devices and formulating time-of-use electricity price policies. These efforts have played a positive role in ensuring the reliable and stable operation of the power system. However, due to objective factors such as changes in seasons and work and rest time, the peak-valley balance of the power grid is always an objective problem in front of us.

[0006] In order to further improve the peak-valley balance control capability of the power grid, better ensure the reliable and stable operation of the power system, and at the same time reduce the user's electricity expenses, the present invention proposes a peak-shaving battery and a charging and discharging control method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention proposes a peak-shifting battery and a charging and discharging control method thereof, which can start the charging or discharging of the battery in real time according to the changes in the city electricity price at different times according to the battery charging and discharging rules of the peak-shifting battery (hereinafter referred to as the "battery") set in advance, so that the battery can participate in the daily peak-valley balancing process of the power grid to support the smooth operation of the power grid, and can enable power-consuming equipment to achieve peak-shifting power consumption, so as to save electricity bills for users.

[0008] The ways for batteries to obtain electricity price data include manual entry by users, active downloading from the Internet by the battery, and active push of electricity price data to the battery by relevant entities.

[0009] The outstanding feature of the present invention is that the battery can receive the electricity price data actively pushed by the relevant subjects to determine the current city electricity price, and control the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules; this allows the government and / or power grid operating companies to adjust the current city electricity price in real time according to the real-time changes in the power grid load, and through the adjustment of the city electricity price, mobilize the batteries using the solution of the present invention distributed among the people to participate in the peak-valley balancing process of the power grid, that is, to support the smooth operation of the power grid, and allow users to store electricity prices and energy, so as to achieve electricity cost savings due to off-peak electricity consumption.

[0010] The present invention provides a peak-shifting battery and a method for controlling its charge and discharge, which have positive significance in many aspects.

[0011] First, by shifting electricity consumption during peak hours, users’ electricity bills can be reduced.

[0012] Second, batteries using the solution of the present invention that are distributed among the public can be actively mobilized and used as effective controllable loads to participate in the daily peak-valley balancing process of the power grid, thereby alleviating the peak-valley balancing investment pressure on the government and others.

[0013] Third, the peak-valley balance of the power grid can be managed accurately and efficiently. In terms of time, the current city electricity price can be adjusted dynamically in real time according to the real-time changes in the power grid load in each time period; in terms of geographical area, the current city electricity price in each area can be adjusted dynamically in real time according to the actual power grid load conditions in different areas (such as different areas of a city). The battery using the solution of the present invention enables the government and / or power grid operating companies to manage the peak-valley balance of the power grid more accurately and efficiently.

[0014] Fourth, it is conducive to the utilization of renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaics. This energy storage battery can timely obtain the matching information of power generation and power consumption on the power grid, better cope with the instability of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, timely store the surplus power on the power grid, and support the development of green energy.

[0015] A first aspect of the present invention provides a battery charging and discharging control method for a peak-shifting battery, comprising:

[0016] 1. Set battery charging and discharging rules in the battery intelligent charging and discharging management system (hereinafter referred to as the "management system"). The management system can monitor, manage, and protect batteries, set and save battery charging and discharging rules, and control battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules.

[0017] The management system detects whether there is power in the grid and then controls the battery charging and discharging according to the following rules.

[0018] (i) If a power outage is detected (a power outage is also considered to occur when the battery is not connected to the mains).

[0019] When it is detected that the power-consuming device is connected to the battery, the current battery power is detected.

[0020] If it is detected that the battery is not exhausted, the battery will be controlled to supply power to the electrical equipment without considering the current city electricity price. The system will continue to monitor whether the battery is exhausted and whether the power grid has resumed power supply. When it is detected that the battery is exhausted, the battery will stop supplying power to the electrical equipment. When it is detected that the power grid has resumed power supply, the management system will control the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules when the power grid has power (at this time, the battery may continue to discharge, stop discharging, or start charging).

[0021] If it is detected that the battery is exhausted, the battery will not supply power to the electrical device.

[0022] (ii) If it is detected that there is power in the grid, the battery charging and discharging will be controlled according to the following rules, depending on whether the battery has an emergency power setting function.

[0023] 1. If the battery does not have an emergency power setting function.

[0024] According to the current city electricity price, the battery charging and discharging is controlled according to the following rules.

[0025] (1) If the current city electricity price is less than or equal to the charging price, the current battery power level is detected.

[0026] If it is detected that the battery is not fully charged, the battery will be controlled to charge, and the system will continuously monitor whether the battery is full and whether the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price. When it is detected that the battery is fully charged or the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price, the battery will stop charging.

[0027] If it is detected that the battery is full, the battery will not be charged.

[0028] (2) If the current city electricity price is greater than or equal to the discharge electricity price, when an electrical device is connected to the battery, the current battery power is detected.

[0029] If it is detected that the battery is not exhausted, the battery is controlled to supply power to the electrical equipment, and the system continuously monitors whether the battery is exhausted and whether the current city electricity price is lower than the discharge electricity price. When it is detected that the battery is exhausted or the current city electricity price is lower than the discharge electricity price, the battery stops supplying power to the electrical equipment.

[0030] If it is detected that the battery is exhausted, the battery will not supply power to the electrical device.

[0031] (3) If the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price and lower than the discharging price, the battery will neither charge nor discharge.

[0032] 2. If the battery has an emergency power setting function.

[0033] Check whether the remaining battery power is lower than the emergency power consumption, and control the battery charging and discharging according to the following rules.

[0034] (1) Battery charging and discharging rules when it is detected that the remaining battery power is lower than the emergency power consumption.

[0035] Regardless of the current city electricity price, the battery will be charged immediately and the remaining battery power will be continuously monitored to see if it reaches the emergency power level. After monitoring that the remaining battery power has reached the emergency power level, the management system will control the battery charging and discharging according to the "battery charging and discharging rules when it is detected that the remaining battery power is not less than the emergency power level".

[0036] Only when the grid is out of power (when the battery is not connected to the mains, it is deemed as a grid outage) will the battery use emergency power to supply power to electrical equipment.

[0037] (2) Battery charging and discharging rules when it is detected that the remaining battery power is not less than the emergency power consumption.

[0038] According to the current city electricity price, the battery charging and discharging is controlled according to the following rules.

[0039] 1) If the current city electricity price is less than or equal to the charging price, the current battery power level is detected.

[0040] If it is detected that the battery is not fully charged, the battery will be controlled to charge, and the system will continuously monitor whether the battery is full and whether the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price. When it is detected that the battery is fully charged or the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price, the battery will stop charging.

[0041] If it is detected that the battery is full, the battery will not be charged.

[0042] 2) If the current city electricity price is greater than or equal to the discharge electricity price, when an electrical device is connected to the battery, the current battery power is detected.

[0043] If it is detected that the remaining battery power is higher than the emergency power consumption, the battery will be controlled to supply power to the electrical equipment, and the battery remaining power will be continuously monitored to see whether it is lower than the emergency power consumption and whether the current city electricity price is lower than the discharge electricity price. When it is detected that the remaining battery power is lower than the emergency power consumption or the current city electricity price is lower than the discharge electricity price, the battery will stop supplying power to the electrical equipment.

[0044] If it is detected that the remaining battery power is just enough for emergency power consumption, the battery will not supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0045] 3) If the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price and lower than the discharging price, the battery will neither charge nor discharge.

[0046] 2. According to the unit cost of the battery, set the expected value of electricity savings in the management system. If the battery has an emergency power setting function, set the emergency power parameters in the management system.

[0047] According to the purchase price of the battery (assuming M yuan), the battery capacity (referring to the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged, assuming H degrees), and the total number of times the battery is charged and discharged (assuming N times), the total charge and discharge capacity of the battery is N*H degrees, and the purchase price cost of each kilowatt-hour of the battery is M / (N*H). The purchase price cost of each kilowatt-hour of the battery is referred to as the battery unit cost. For each battery, its capacity and the estimated total number of times of charge and discharge are both technical parameters that can be obtained. Users can obtain the battery unit cost of the battery based on their actual purchase price.

[0048] 1. Set the expected value of electricity savings in the management system based on the unit cost of the battery.

[0049] Based on the unit cost of the battery, the user sets in the management system the minimum value of the amount of electricity bill savings required for each kilowatt-hour of battery charging and discharging (i.e., the city electricity price when the battery is discharged minus the city electricity price when the battery is charged) (referred to as the "expected electricity bill savings"). The user can modify the expected electricity bill savings at any time.

[0050] For off-peak power consumption by batteries, the amount of electricity bill saved per kilowatt-hour must be greater than the unit cost of the battery. Only in this way can the electricity bill saved by off-peak power consumption by batteries cover the battery purchase cost, and users can achieve the purpose of saving money through off-peak power consumption; moreover, the electricity bill saved by batteries through off-peak power consumption must exceed the unit cost of the battery and reach a certain amount, reaching the amount psychologically expected by users, so that users may be motivated to purchase batteries for off-peak power consumption. Otherwise, users will only use batteries as backup power sources when the power grid is out of power or when they go out. Therefore, users need to reasonably determine the battery charging price and battery discharging price based on the peak-valley electricity price policy and the expected value of electricity bill savings, so that when the battery is off-peak, the amount of electricity bill saved for each kilowatt-hour of charging and discharging reaches their expected value, or the cumulative amount of electricity bill savings reaches their expected value.

[0051] (ii) If the battery has an emergency power setting function, set the emergency power parameters in the management system.

[0052] Emergency power is the amount of power stored in the battery for use in emergencies, such as when the grid is out of power or tripping. Emergency power is only used when the grid is out of power (when the battery is not connected to the mains, it is considered as a grid outage). The amount of battery emergency power can be freely set by the user. The battery may not have an emergency power setting function. If the battery has an emergency power setting function, but the user sets the emergency power to 0, it means that the user does not need emergency power.

[0053] 3. According to the peak-valley electricity price policy and the expected value of electricity cost savings, the charging price and the discharging price are set in the management system. If the electricity price for each time period agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy is fixed, the electricity price at each level and the corresponding time period data are saved in the management system.

[0054] The peak-valley electricity price policy refers to an electricity price policy that implements different electricity prices at different times according to the different load levels of the power grid. The government and / or power grid operating companies and other entities with the authority to formulate or adjust the peak-valley electricity price policy (hereinafter referred to as "peak-valley electricity price policy formulation entities") formulate and publish peak-valley electricity price policies or adjust the published peak-valley electricity price policies; those entities authorized to publish the latest peak-valley electricity price policy information (if any) are also combined with the government and / or power grid operating companies and other entities with the authority to formulate or adjust the peak-valley electricity price policy in this invention and are referred to as the peak-valley electricity price policy formulation entities.

[0055] The peak-valley electricity price policies of various regions may differ. In the peak-valley electricity price policies of some regions, electricity prices at all levels are agreed upon (the highest and lowest electricity prices can be determined at this time), and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at all levels are agreed upon, that is, the electricity prices for each time period are determined, and they remain unchanged until the next adjustment of the peak-valley electricity price policy. In the peak-valley electricity price policies of some regions, electricity prices at all levels are agreed upon (the highest and lowest electricity prices can be determined at this time), but the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at all levels are not agreed upon, that is, the electricity prices for each time period are uncertain; at this time, the government and / or power grid operating companies and other entities with the authority to implement the peak-valley electricity price policy (hereinafter referred to as "peak-valley electricity price policy implementation entities") can, when implementing the peak-valley electricity price policy, dynamically publish and / or adjust the currently implemented electricity prices (only the electricity prices at all levels in the announced peak-valley electricity price policy) based on factors such as the power situation on the power grid and the power demand situation, on the basis of complying with the requirements of the peak-valley electricity price policy. In some regions, the peak-valley electricity price policy does not stipulate the electricity prices at all levels, but only stipulates the price range of the minimum and maximum electricity prices, and the electricity prices in each period are uncertain; at this time, the implementing body of the peak-valley electricity price policy can, based on the influencing factors such as the power situation on the power grid and the power demand situation, and on the basis of complying with the requirements of the peak-valley electricity price policy, dynamically publish and / or adjust the currently implemented electricity price (which can only be the price between the maximum electricity price (inclusive) and the minimum electricity price (inclusive)). In some regions, the peak-valley electricity price policy does not stipulate the minimum and / or maximum electricity prices; at this time, the implementing body of the peak-valley electricity price policy can, based on the influencing factors such as the power situation on the power grid and the power demand situation, and on the basis of complying with the requirements of the peak-valley electricity price policy, dynamically publish and / or adjust the currently implemented electricity price (which does not violate the requirements of the peak-valley electricity price policy)). Those entities that are authorized to release the current peak-valley electricity price information (if any) are also combined with the government and / or power grid operating companies and other entities with the authority to implement the peak-valley electricity price policy in the present invention and are referred to as the peak-valley electricity price policy implementation entities.

[0056] In some areas, the peak-valley electricity price policy may not have a single electricity price in the same period. The specific electricity prices applicable to different users need to be determined based on some influencing factors (for example, in the same period, the electricity prices applicable to industrial users, commercial users, and residential users may be different). According to the peak-valley electricity price policy of the location, the relevant influencing factor parameters can be set in the management system, and then the management system will automatically calculate the specific electricity price applicable to the user based on the influencing factors that the user meets and / or the influencing factors entered / confirmed by the user himself. Users can also manually calculate the specific electricity price applicable to them, and then manually set the relevant parameters and / or enter and save the relevant data in the management system as needed. The management system can also directly obtain the specific electricity price that has been calculated and applicable to users from the power grid operating company or other third parties.

[0057] The management system obtains information related to the peak-valley electricity price policy through downloading from the Internet and / or active push by the peak-valley electricity price policy-making body and / or active push by other third parties; users can also obtain information related to the peak-valley electricity price policy on their own, and then manually set relevant parameters and / or enter and save relevant data in the management system as needed.

[0058] 1. Set two parameters: charging price and discharging price.

[0059] 1. When the minimum and maximum electricity prices are stipulated in the peak-valley electricity price policy.

[0060] The management system sets the lowest electricity price agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy as the charging electricity price by default and / or the electricity price manually set by the user (equal to or greater than the lowest electricity price agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy) as the charging electricity price; the management system automatically sets the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings as the discharging electricity price. Both the charging electricity price and the discharging electricity price must be between the lowest electricity price (inclusive) and the highest electricity price (inclusive) agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy.

[0061] If the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity savings is higher than the maximum electricity price agreed upon in the peak-valley electricity price policy, the management system will send an error signal to prompt the user to adjust the settings (such as adjusting the charging electricity price and / or the expected value of electricity savings), or the management system will directly set the result of the maximum electricity price minus the expected value of electricity savings as the charging electricity price (the maximum electricity price minus the expected value of electricity savings must be equal to or greater than the minimum electricity price) and send a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging electricity price later), or the management system will directly adjust the charging electricity price to the minimum electricity price agreed upon in the peak-valley electricity price policy (the minimum electricity price plus the expected value of electricity savings must be less than or equal to the maximum electricity price) and send a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging electricity price later).

[0062] 2. If the minimum electricity price and / or maximum electricity price is not agreed upon in the peak-valley electricity price policy.

[0063] (1) The peak-valley electricity price policy does not stipulate the minimum and maximum electricity prices.

[0064] Users can manually set the charging price, and the management system automatically sets the result of the charging price plus the expected value of electricity savings as the discharging price.

[0065] (2) The peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates a minimum electricity price, but does not stipulate a maximum electricity price.

[0066] By default, the management system sets the minimum electricity price agreed upon in the peak-valley electricity price policy as the charging electricity price and / or the electricity price manually set by the user (equal to or greater than the minimum electricity price agreed upon in the peak-valley electricity price policy) as the charging electricity price; the management system automatically sets the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity bill savings as the discharging electricity price.

[0067] (3) The peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates a maximum electricity price, but does not stipulate a minimum electricity price.

[0068] Users can manually set the charging price, and the management system automatically sets the result of the charging price plus the expected value of electricity savings as the discharge price. If the result of the charging price plus the expected value of electricity savings is higher than the maximum price agreed in the peak and valley electricity price policy, the management system will send an error signal to prompt the user to adjust the settings (such as adjusting the charging price and / or the expected value of electricity savings), or the management system will directly set the result of the maximum price minus the expected value of electricity savings as the charging price and send a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging price later).

[0069] (ii) If the peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to each level of electricity price, that is, the electricity price for each time period is determined and remains unchanged until the next adjustment of the peak-valley electricity price policy, the electricity prices at all levels and the data for the time periods corresponding to each level of electricity price shall be saved in the management system.

[0070] (III) Set other influencing factor parameters (if necessary).

[0071] For example, according to the peak and valley electricity price policy, if the specific electricity price applicable to different users needs to be determined based on relevant influencing factors, the parameters of relevant influencing factors can be set in the management system. The management system automatically calculates the specific electricity price applicable to the user based on the influencing factors that the user meets and / or the influencing factors entered / confirmed by the user.

[0072] (IV) Update of the two parameters of charging electricity price and discharging electricity price, update of data of electricity prices at all levels and corresponding time periods at all levels, and update of parameters of other influencing factors.

[0073] 1. Adjustment of expected electricity cost savings. Every time the user adjusts the expected electricity cost savings, the management system automatically adjusts the discharge electricity price parameters.

[0074] 2. The user manually adjusts the charging price. Every time the user actively adjusts the charging price parameters, the management system automatically adjusts the discharging price parameters.

[0075] 3. Adjustment of peak and valley electricity price policy.

[0076] If the original charging electricity price is set by default by the management system, each time the peak-valley electricity price policy is adjusted, on the day when the new peak-valley electricity price policy takes effect, the management system will set the new minimum electricity price as the charging electricity price (if a minimum electricity price is agreed upon in the new peak-valley electricity price policy) or (if no minimum electricity price is agreed upon in the new peak-valley electricity price policy) send a prompt signal to require the user to manually set the charging electricity price; before the charging electricity price is manually set, the management system may continue to control the battery charging and discharging according to the original charging electricity price (if the original charging electricity price is equal to or higher than the new minimum electricity price, and no maximum electricity price is agreed upon in the new peak-valley electricity price policy or the original discharging electricity price is equal to or lower than the new maximum electricity price (if a maximum electricity price is agreed upon in the new peak-valley electricity price policy)) or directly wait for the user to manually set the charging electricity price before running.

[0077] If the original charging electricity price is set manually by the user, each time the peak-valley electricity price policy is adjusted, on the day when the new peak-valley electricity price policy takes effect, the management system (such as a minimum electricity price is agreed upon in the new peak-valley electricity price policy) will set the new minimum electricity price as the charging electricity price and send a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging electricity price later) or send a prompt signal for the peak-valley electricity price policy adjustment to allow the user to adjust the charging electricity price by themselves; before the charging electricity price is manually set, the management system may continue to control the battery charging and discharging according to the original charging electricity price (such as the original charging electricity price is equal to or higher than the new minimum electricity price, and the new peak-valley electricity price policy does not stipulate a maximum electricity price or the original discharge electricity price is equal to or less than the new maximum electricity price (such as the new peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates a maximum electricity price)) or directly wait for the user to manually set the charging electricity price before running.

[0078] If the charging electricity price parameters are adjusted, the management system will automatically adjust the discharging electricity price parameters.

[0079] Each time the peak-valley electricity price policy is adjusted, if the electricity prices for each time period stipulated in the new peak-valley electricity price policy are fixed, the electricity prices at all levels and the data for the time periods corresponding to each level will be saved or updated in the management system; if the electricity prices for each time period stipulated in the new peak-valley electricity price policy are not fixed, the electricity prices at all levels and the data for the time periods corresponding to each level saved in the management system (if any) will be deleted.

[0080] If the maximum electricity price is agreed upon in the latest peak-valley electricity price policy, and the minimum electricity price and / or maximum electricity price agreed upon in the latest peak-valley electricity price policy changes, resulting in the addition of the charging electricity price to the expected electricity cost savings being higher than the maximum electricity price agreed upon in the new peak-valley electricity price policy; or if the user adjusts the charging electricity price and / or the expected electricity cost savings by himself, resulting in the addition of the charging electricity price to the expected electricity cost savings being higher than the currently implemented maximum electricity price (if any); at this time, the management system will issue an error signal to prompt the user to adjust the settings (such as adjusting the charging electricity price and / or the expected value of electricity cost savings) or directly set the result of the maximum electricity price (if any) minus the expected value of electricity cost savings as the charging electricity price (the maximum electricity price minus the expected value of electricity cost savings must be equal to or greater than the minimum electricity price (if any)) and issue a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging electricity price later) or directly adjust the charging electricity price to the minimum electricity price agreed in the peak and valley electricity price policy (if any, and the minimum electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings is less than or equal to the maximum electricity price) and issue a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging electricity price later).

[0081] Compared with the original peak-valley electricity price policy, when the new peak-valley electricity price policy brings about changes in other relevant influencing factor parameters, the management system automatically or the user manually sets and / or adjusts the relevant influencing factor parameters, and then the management system automatically calculates the specific electricity price applicable to the user based on the influencing factors that the user meets and / or the influencing factors entered / confirmed by the user himself. Users can also manually calculate the specific electricity price applicable to them, and then manually set the relevant parameters and / or enter and save the relevant data in the management system as needed. The management system can also directly obtain the specific electricity price that has been calculated and applicable to the user from the power grid operating company or other third parties.

[0082] 4. Control the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules based on whether the grid has electricity and the current city electricity price.

[0083] (1) If the power grid fails.

[0084] There is no need to consider the current city electricity price, and the battery discharge can be controlled directly according to the battery charging and discharging rules.

[0085] (2) If the power grid has electricity.

[0086] 1. If the peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates the electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to them, and they remain unchanged before the next peak-valley electricity price policy adjustment; at this time, the management system determines the current city electricity price based on the electricity prices at all levels and the time period data corresponding to them saved in the management system, and controls the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules.

[0087] 2. If the peak-valley electricity price policy is followed, the electricity prices for each time period are not fixed. The electricity prices for each time period are determined by the peak-valley electricity price policy implementing body. When implementing the peak-valley electricity price policy, the implementing body will dynamically publish and / or adjust the currently implemented electricity price (not violating the electricity price required by the peak-valley electricity price policy) based on factors such as the power situation on the power grid and the power demand situation, on the basis of complying with the requirements of the peak-valley electricity price policy. At this time, the management system can obtain the currently implemented electricity price information by downloading it online and / or actively pushing it by the peak-valley electricity price policy implementing body and / or actively pushing it by other third parties, so as to determine the current city electricity price, and control the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules accordingly.

[0088] 5. Power supply management for electrical equipment.

[0089] The management system controls the battery charging, discharging or silence according to the battery charging and discharging rules (battery silence means that the battery is neither charged nor discharged, including battery silence when the current city electricity price is between the charging price and the discharging price and battery silence when the battery power is exhausted or as low as the emergency power), and manages the power supply of the power-consuming equipment accordingly. For power-consuming equipment connected to the battery, when the battery is discharged according to the battery charging and discharging rules (including discharge when the power grid is off and when the power grid is powered), the management system disconnects the power-consuming equipment from the city power, and at the same time connects the power-consuming equipment to the battery, and the battery supplies power to the power-consuming equipment; when the battery does not discharge according to the battery charging and discharging rules (including when the battery is charging and when the battery is silent), the management system disconnects the power-consuming equipment from the battery, and at the same time connects the power-consuming equipment to the city power, and the city power supplies power to the power-consuming equipment.

[0090] For a battery charging and discharging control method for a peak-shifting battery, one or more of the following schemes may be further adopted to enrich the control of battery charging and discharging.

[0091] 1. Set the unconditional charging period.

[0092] An unconditional charging period can be set in the management system. After the unconditional charging period is set, when the time enters the unconditional charging period, as long as the battery is not full, regardless of the price of the city electricity during the unconditional charging period, the battery will be charged during this period until the battery is fully charged or the unconditional charging period is settled, and the battery will stop unconditionally charging; the validity period can be set for the unconditional charging period. In other periods outside the unconditional charging period, the battery will be charged and discharged according to the battery charging and discharging rules.

[0093] 2. Use non-mains electricity to charge the battery.

[0094] If the user purchases photovoltaic panels, windmills, diesel generators and other power generation equipment (referred to as "non-mains power generation equipment") on his own, the electricity generated by the non-mains power generation equipment is called non-mains power. If the non-mains power generation equipment is connected to the battery, the management system will continuously monitor whether the non-mains power generation equipment is generating electricity (when the non-mains power generation equipment is generating electricity and can effectively charge the battery, it means that it is generating electricity; when the non-mains power generation equipment is not generating electricity, or although it is generating electricity, it cannot effectively charge the battery, it means that it is not generating electricity); at any time, when the management system detects that the non-mains power generation equipment is generating electricity and detects that the battery is not full, it controls the battery to charge only from the non-mains power generation equipment until the battery is fully charged or the non-mains power generation equipment enters a non-power generation state, and the battery stops charging from the non-mains power generation equipment. When the management system detects that the non-mains power generation equipment is not generating electricity, it controls the battery to charge from the mains according to the set battery charging and discharging rules. Regardless of whether the non-mains power generation equipment is generating electricity, when the power-consuming equipment needs electricity, the management system controls whether the battery or the mains is used to supply power to the power-consuming equipment according to the set battery charging and discharging rules; at this time, the battery may be charged from the non-mains power generation equipment while supplying power to the power-consuming equipment.

[0095] 3. Set up peak power usage mode and emergency backup power usage mode for the battery.

[0096] Two usage modes can be set for the battery, namely, the peak power usage mode and the emergency backup power usage mode. The selection of the battery usage mode can be performed manually (such as operating the battery usage mode selection switch on the battery and / or operating the battery usage mode option in the management system) and / or automatically selected by the management system according to the set rules.

[0097] Manual selection of battery usage mode. A battery usage mode selection switch is set for the battery. Through this switch, the user can select the battery usage mode as the off-peak power usage mode or the emergency backup power usage mode. If the off-peak power usage mode is selected, the management system will control the battery charging and discharging according to the set battery charging and discharging rules to achieve the purpose of off-peak power consumption. If the emergency backup power usage mode is selected, the management system will not execute the set battery charging and discharging rules for the purpose of off-peak power consumption. The battery is used like an ordinary emergency backup power battery. Regardless of the current city electricity price, as long as the battery is not full, the city power will start charging the battery until the battery is fully charged or disconnected from the city power. The battery will stop charging. As long as the battery is not exhausted, the power device will be powered until the battery is exhausted or disconnected from the power device. The battery will stop powering. If the battery usage mode option is set in the management system, the user can select the battery usage mode as the off-peak power usage mode or the emergency backup power usage mode in the management system. After selecting a certain usage mode, the battery charging and discharging rules and usage purpose are as described above.

[0098] The management system automatically selects the battery usage mode according to the set rules. After each adjustment of the charging electricity price and / or the expected value of electricity cost savings, the management system automatically calculates the difference between the maximum electricity price agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy and the set charging electricity price, and when the difference is equal to or greater than the expected value of electricity cost savings, the battery usage mode is automatically selected as the off-peak electricity usage mode, and the management system controls the charging and discharging of the battery according to the set battery charging and discharging rules to achieve the purpose of off-peak electricity consumption; if the maximum electricity price is not agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy, the management system directly and automatically selects the battery usage mode as the off-peak electricity usage mode; if the difference between the maximum electricity price agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy and the set charging electricity price is less than the expected value of electricity cost savings, the management system automatically selects the battery usage mode as the emergency backup power usage mode, and the management system does not execute the set battery charging and discharging rules for the purpose of off-peak electricity consumption, and the battery is used like an ordinary emergency backup power battery. When plugged into the city power, it starts charging (if the battery is not fully charged) until the battery is fully charged. Regardless of the current city power price, when the power-consuming equipment is connected, it will supply power to the power-consuming equipment (if the battery is not exhausted) until the battery is exhausted. If relevant conditions (such as adjustments to peak and valley electricity price policies, changes in expected electricity bill savings, etc.) change, the battery usage mode may change, such as changing from a backup power supply mode to a peak-shifting power consumption mode or from a peak-shifting power consumption mode to a backup power supply mode.

[0099] 4. Set charging and discharging periods in the management system.

[0100] If the electricity prices for each time period within the local peak-valley electricity price policy are determined and remain unchanged before the next peak-valley electricity price policy adjustment, that is, the user knows in advance what the electricity price corresponding to each time period is, then, according to the electricity price situation in each time period, the management system can set the time period corresponding to the lowest electricity price in the peak-valley electricity price policy as the charging time period by default and / or the user can manually set the time period corresponding to all electricity prices equal to and less than a certain electricity price (must be equal to or greater than the lowest electricity price) as the charging time period. At the same time, the management system automatically adds the highest electricity price corresponding to the charging time period to the expected value of electricity bill savings, and sets all time periods corresponding to electricity prices higher than this added value as discharging time periods.

[0101] If the current period is a charging period, the current battery charge is detected; if it is detected that the current battery charge is not full, the battery is controlled to charge, and the battery charge is continuously monitored to see whether it is full and whether the current period is a charging period. When it is detected that the battery charge is full or the current period is not a charging period, the battery stops charging; if it is detected that the battery charge is full, the battery is not charged.

[0102] If the current period is a discharge period, when an electrical device is connected to the battery, the current battery power is detected; if it is detected that the battery power is not exhausted, the battery is controlled to supply power to the electrical device, and the battery power is continuously monitored to see whether it is exhausted and whether the current period is a discharge period. When it is detected that the battery power is exhausted or the current period is not a discharge period, the battery stops supplying power to the electrical device; if it is detected that the battery power is exhausted, the battery stops supplying power to the electrical device.

[0103] If the current period is neither a charging period nor a discharging period, the battery is neither charged nor discharged.

[0104] If the result of the highest electricity price corresponding to the charging period plus the expected value of electricity savings is higher than the highest electricity price in the peak-valley electricity price policy, the management system will send an error signal to prompt the user to adjust the settings (such as adjusting the charging period and / or the expected value of electricity savings), or the management system will directly set the time periods corresponding to all electricity prices that are less than and equal to the highest electricity price minus the expected value of electricity savings as charging periods (the highest electricity price minus the expected value of electricity savings must be equal to or greater than the lowest electricity price) and send a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging period later), or the management system will directly set the time period corresponding to the lowest electricity price in the peak-valley electricity price policy as the charging period (the lowest electricity price plus the expected value of electricity savings must be less than or equal to the highest electricity price) and send a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging period later).

[0105] Of course, in the mode of setting the charging and discharging periods, the battery charging and discharging rules are also divided into two situations: when the grid has power and when the grid is out of power, and the battery charging and discharging rules are also slightly different depending on whether there is an emergency power setting. For details, please refer to the battery charging and discharging control method described above.

[0106] After the peak-valley electricity price policy formulation entity formulates a new peak-valley electricity price policy or adjusts the existing peak-valley electricity price policy, if the electricity prices for each time period within the new peak-valley electricity price policy are still determined and remain unchanged before the next peak-valley electricity price policy adjustment, then on the effective date of the newly formulated or updated peak-valley electricity price policy, the management system also adjusts the charging and discharging time periods accordingly, which can be specifically implemented with reference to the battery charging and discharging control method described above. If the electricity prices for each time period within the new peak-valley electricity price policy are no longer determined, the management system sends an error signal or the management system processes it according to the peak-valley electricity price policy model with reference to the relevant parameter setting method under the same peak-valley electricity price policy model.

[0107] 5. Battery usage efficiency monitoring.

[0108] During battery use, the management system records the cumulative power consumption of the power-consuming equipment and / or the power consumption in the past period, and records the cumulative power supply of the battery to the power-consuming equipment and / or the power supply in the past period; the specific period of the past period (such as a week or a month, etc.) can be set and adjusted by the user. The minimum proportion of the battery power supply in the power consumption of the power-consuming equipment (referred to as the "minimum proportion") parameter can be set in the management system. If the cumulative and / or past period of battery power supply in the power consumption of the power-consuming equipment is lower than the minimum proportion, the management system can send a prompt signal, and the user can decide whether to adjust the charging price / charging time period and / or the expected value of electricity cost savings to increase the proportion of battery power supply in the power consumption of the power-consuming equipment.

[0109] 6. A method for estimating the amount of electricity bill savings brought about by off-peak power consumption by batteries, and displaying the accumulated or most recent period of electricity bill savings to users.

[0110] The battery charging cost for emergency power consumption and the battery discharge benefit during power outages cannot be calculated and determined according to the logic of peak-shifting power consumption, because they solve the problem of whether users have electricity available. Based on this, the present invention proposes the following method to estimate the amount of electricity bill savings brought about by peak-shifting power consumption.

[0111] Battery charging cost: The charging cost of emergency electricity. If the peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates a minimum electricity price, the charging cost of emergency electricity is simulated and calculated based on the minimum electricity price. If the peak-valley electricity price policy does not stipulate a minimum electricity price, the lowest value of the actual electricity price implemented in the recent period (such as within a week) is used to simulate and calculate the charging cost of emergency electricity. The charging cost of non-emergency electricity (hereinafter referred to as "daily electricity") is calculated and determined based on the actual city electricity price when the battery is charged. The sum of the charging cost of emergency electricity and the charging cost of daily electricity is the battery charging cost.

[0112] Battery discharge income: When the grid is powered, the actual grid electricity price at the time of battery discharge is used to simulate and calculate the amount of grid electricity expenditure (i.e., the battery discharge income for daily electricity use). When the grid is out of power, if the peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates a maximum electricity price, the maximum electricity price is used to simulate and calculate the amount of grid electricity expenditure (i.e., the battery discharge income for emergency electricity use); if the peak-valley electricity price policy does not stipulate a maximum electricity price, the highest value of the actual electricity price in the most recent period (such as within a week) is used to simulate and calculate the amount of grid electricity expenditure (i.e., the battery discharge income for emergency electricity use). The sum of the battery discharge income for daily electricity use and the battery discharge income for emergency electricity use is the battery discharge income.

[0113] By subtracting the battery charging cost from the battery discharge benefit, the amount of electricity bill savings brought about by the battery's off-peak electricity consumption can be estimated. The battery can display the cumulative electricity bill savings and / or the electricity bill savings for a period of time through the display unit; for the electricity bill savings for a period of time, the specific period (such as a week or a month, etc.) can be set and adjusted by the user.

[0114] The second aspect of the present application provides a peak-shifting battery (referred to as "battery", which is the same as the battery referred to in the battery charge and discharge control method for a peak-shifting battery provided in the first aspect of the present invention) for implementing the above-mentioned battery charge and discharge control method. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, some descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description. The battery mainly includes an energy storage battery unit, a battery intelligent charge and discharge management system, and a display unit; the charging controller, inverter, etc. that are usually required to be configured for ordinary energy storage batteries are not described here; in addition, the battery management system, energy management system, etc. required for ordinary energy storage batteries are not introduced separately here; in the present invention, all systems for monitoring, managing, and protecting batteries are collectively referred to as a battery intelligent charge and discharge management system (referred to as "management system", which is the same as the management system referred to in the battery charge and discharge control method for a peak-shifting battery provided in the first aspect of the present invention). For the management system, the present invention mainly introduces its function of executing the battery charge and discharge control method proposed in the present invention.

[0115] The energy storage battery unit is a battery pack composed of battery cells connected in series and parallel, and is a unit for storing and releasing electrical energy.

[0116] The management system can monitor, manage and protect energy storage battery units, set and save battery charging and discharging rules, collect, record and save relevant data, control battery charging and discharging according to battery charging and discharging rules, and send out relevant prompt signals, etc.

[0117] The display unit is connected to the management system, and is used to display the remaining battery power and other related information. The management system can be operated through the touch screen, and relevant parameters and data can be entered. The content that can be displayed on the display unit can be set as needed. For example, in order to facilitate users to understand the off-peak power consumption of the battery, the remaining battery power, relevant prompt signals, the cumulative power supply of the battery and / or the power supply in the past period, the cumulative power consumption of the power-consuming equipment and / or the power consumption in the past period, the cumulative and / or past period of battery power supply in the power consumption of the power-consuming equipment, the cumulative and / or past period of battery power supply The proportion of electricity savings of the battery and / or the amount of electricity savings of the past period, etc. At the same time, the management system can be operated through the display unit, such as selecting the battery usage mode (selection of off-peak power usage mode and emergency backup power usage mode), setting and entering the expected value of electricity savings, emergency power consumption, charging electricity price or charging time period, various levels of electricity prices and the corresponding time periods of various levels of electricity prices, unconditional charging time period, minimum proportion, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0118] The attached drawings are only schematic diagrams of the key points of a peak-shifting battery and a charging and discharging control method thereof proposed by the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0119] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the battery charging and discharging control method.

[0120] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of battery charging and discharging control during a power outage.

[0121] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of battery charging and discharging control when the grid is powered (without emergency power).

[0122] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of battery charging and discharging control when the grid is powered (with emergency power).

[0123] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the battery architecture for off-peak electricity consumption.

[0124] Figure 1 The order of the steps in the flowchart of the provided battery charge and discharge control method can be adjusted as long as it does not affect the implementation of the battery charge and discharge control method provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0125] The following description and examples are provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as further explanations, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0126] Example 1. See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 .

[0127] The peak-load-shifting battery 1 (referred to as "battery 1") of this embodiment does not have an emergency power consumption setting function.

[0128] See also Figure 5. The off-peak power battery 1 of this embodiment has an energy storage battery unit 1-1, a battery intelligent charge and discharge management system 1-2, and a display unit 1-3. Other components such as an inverter (not shown in the figure) will not be described in detail. The energy storage battery unit 1-1 is a battery pack composed of cells connected in series and parallel, and is a unit for storing and releasing electric energy. The battery intelligent charge and discharge management system 1-2 (referred to as "management system 1-2") serves as the brain of the battery 1, monitors, manages, and protects the battery 1 to prevent the battery 1 from being overcharged, over-discharged, and overheated, etc., and can collect, record, and save relevant data, save battery charge and discharge rules, and control the charge and discharge of the battery 1 according to the rules; the battery 1 has a wireless networking function, etc. The display unit 1-3 is connected to the management system 1-2, and can display relevant data and information such as the remaining power of the battery 1, the accumulated electricity bill savings, and the electricity bill savings in the past period. The display unit 1-3 has a touch screen operation function, and can enter relevant data in the management system 1-2 through the display unit 1-3.

[0129] In this embodiment, relevant parameters and functions of the battery 1 are introduced as follows.

[0130] 1. Battery charging and discharging rules are set in the management system 1-2. The specific rules are as follows.

[0131] The management system 1-2 detects whether there is electricity in the grid, and then controls the charging and discharging of the battery 1 according to the following rules.

[0132] (I) If a power outage is detected (battery 1 is deemed to be a power outage when it is not connected to the mains 2). When it is detected that the power consumption device 3 is connected to the battery 1, the current power of the battery 1 is detected; if it is detected that the power of the battery 1 is not exhausted, the battery 1 is controlled to supply power to the power consumption device 3, without considering the current price of the mains 2, and continuously monitors whether the power of the battery 1 is exhausted and whether the power grid has been restored. When it is detected that the power of the battery 1 is exhausted, the battery 1 stops supplying power to the power consumption device 3. When it is detected that the power grid has been restored, the management system 1-2 controls the charging and discharging of the battery 1 according to the battery charging and discharging rules when the power grid has power (at this time, the battery 1 may continue to discharge or stop discharging or start charging); if it is detected that the power of the battery 1 is exhausted, the battery 1 will not supply power to the power consumption device 3.

[0133] (ii) If it is detected that there is electricity in the grid, the charging and discharging of the battery 1 is controlled according to the following rules based on the current electricity price of the mains 2.

[0134] (1) If the current electricity price of the mains 2 is less than or equal to the charging electricity price, the current power of battery 1 is detected; if it is detected that the current power of battery 1 is not full, battery 1 is controlled to charge, and the system continuously monitors whether the power of battery 1 is full and whether the current electricity price of the mains 2 is higher than the charging electricity price. When it is detected that the power of battery 1 is full or the current electricity price of the mains 2 is higher than the charging electricity price, battery 1 stops charging; if it is detected that the power of battery 1 is full, battery 1 is not charged.

[0135] (2) If the current electricity price of the mains 2 is greater than or equal to the discharge electricity price, when the power-consuming device 3 is connected to the battery 1, the current power of the battery 1 is detected; if it is detected that the power of the battery 1 is not exhausted, the battery 1 is controlled to supply power to the power-consuming device 3, and the battery 1 is continuously monitored to see whether the power of the battery 1 is exhausted and whether the current electricity price of the mains 2 is lower than the discharge electricity price. When it is detected that the power of the battery 1 is exhausted or the current electricity price of the mains 2 is lower than the discharge electricity price, the battery 1 stops supplying power to the power-consuming device 3; if it is detected that the power of the battery 1 is exhausted, the battery 1 does not supply power to the power-consuming device 3.

[0136] (3) If the current electricity price of the city electricity 2 is higher than the charging price and lower than the discharging price, the battery 1 will neither charge nor discharge.

[0137] 2. The user enters the expected value of electricity cost savings in the management system 1-2.

[0138] Assuming that the capacity of the energy storage battery unit 1-1 is 5 degrees, the total expected charge and discharge times of the battery 1 is 4000 times, and the price of the battery 1 is 5000 yuan, the battery unit cost of the battery 1 in this embodiment is 0.25 yuan / degree. According to the battery unit cost of the battery 1, the user can enter the expected value parameter of electricity cost saving in the management system 1-2 through the display unit 1-3; assuming that the expected value of electricity cost saving entered by the user is 0.75 yuan / degree.

[0139] 3. Set the two parameters of charging electricity price and discharging electricity price in the management system 1-2, and save the electricity prices at each level and the corresponding time period data at each level in the management system.

[0140] 1. Set two parameters: charging price and discharging price.

[0141] According to the local peak-valley electricity price policy and the user's own expected electricity cost savings, two parameters, charging electricity price and discharging electricity price, are set in the management system 1-2.

[0142] Assuming that the location is Shenzhen, and taking the relevant data of Shenzhen's peak-valley electricity price policy obtained through online search (which may be different from Shenzhen's actual peak-valley electricity price policy data) as an example to analyze this embodiment. The various levels of electricity prices and the corresponding time periods agreed in Shenzhen's summer peak-valley electricity price policy are as follows.

[0143] The off-peak period is 0:00-8:00, and the electricity price during the off-peak period is 0.25 yuan / kWh.

[0144] The parity periods are 8:00-10:00, 12:00-14:00, and 19:00-24:00, and the electricity price during the parity periods is 0.66 yuan per kWh.

[0145] The peak hours are 10:00-11:00, 14:00-15:00, and 17:00-19:00, and the electricity price during peak hours is 1.11 yuan per kilowatt-hour.

[0146] The peak hours are 11:00-12:00 and 15:00-17:00, and the electricity price during peak hours is 1.39 yuan / kWh.

[0147] When battery 1 is powered on, battery 1 can be connected to the network. Then, battery 1 automatically obtains data related to the peak-valley electricity price policy currently being implemented in the location from the website saved in the management system 1-2 or the website added by the user through the wireless network. In this embodiment, it is assumed that Shenzhen’s peak-valley electricity price policy in summer will continue to stipulate the minimum electricity price, the maximum electricity price, electricity prices at all levels, and the time period data corresponding to each level of electricity price; if Shenzhen adjusts its peak-valley electricity price policy (such as no longer stipulating the minimum electricity price, etc.), the battery charging and discharging rules of battery 1 are described in the previous relevant content, which will not be repeated in this embodiment. In this embodiment, it is assumed that management system 1-2 obtains relevant data from the website built by the manufacturer that generates battery 1.

[0148] In this embodiment, the management system 1-2 sets the minimum electricity price as the charging electricity price by default, and automatically sets the result of adding the charging electricity price and the expected value of electricity cost savings as the discharging electricity price; if the result of adding the charging electricity price and the expected value of electricity cost savings is higher than the maximum electricity price, the management system 1-2 sends an error signal to prompt the user to modify the expected value of electricity cost savings. Battery 1 can only operate normally when the user modifies the expected value of electricity cost savings and the result of adding the charging electricity price and the expected value of electricity cost savings is equal to or less than the maximum electricity price; if the user does not want to lower the expected value of electricity cost savings, the battery 1 can be operated by operating the battery usage mode selection switch on the battery 1 (not shown in the attached figure) to change the usage mode of the battery 1 from the off-peak electricity usage mode to the emergency backup power supply usage mode. At this time, the management system 1-2 no longer executes the battery charging and discharging rules for the purpose of off-peak electricity consumption, but uses the battery 1 as an ordinary emergency backup power supply battery. In this embodiment, the default charging price is 0.25 yuan / kWh, and the expected electricity saving value set by the user is 0.75 yuan. The sum of the two is 1 yuan / kWh, which is lower than the maximum electricity price of 1.39 yuan / kWh, and the battery 1 can operate normally.

[0149] The user can also manually adjust the default charging price set by the management system 1-2 through the display unit 1-3, and then the management system 1-2 will automatically reset the sum of the charging price and the expected value of electricity savings to the discharging price; if the sum of the charging price and the expected value of electricity savings is higher than the maximum price at this time, the management system 1-2 will send an error signal to prompt the user to modify the charging price and / or the expected value of electricity savings. The battery 1 can only operate normally when the user modifies the charging price and / or the expected value of electricity savings and the sum of the charging price and the expected value of electricity savings is equal to or less than the maximum price. If the charging electricity price is manually adjusted to 0.66 yuan / kWh, the current charging electricity price (0.66 yuan / kWh) plus the expected value of electricity cost savings (0.75 yuan / kWh) is 1.41 yuan / kWh, which is higher than the maximum electricity price of 1.39 yuan / kWh. At this time, the management system 1-2 sends an error signal to prompt the user to modify the charging electricity price and / or the expected value of electricity cost savings. If the user modifies the expected value of electricity cost savings to 0.7 yuan / kWh, the current charging electricity price (0.66 yuan / kWh) plus the expected value of electricity cost savings (0.7 yuan / kWh) is 1.36 yuan / kWh, which is lower than the maximum electricity price of 1.39 yuan / kWh, and the battery 1 can operate normally.

[0150] In this embodiment, the off-peak period in Shenzhen is 8 hours, which is enough to fully charge the battery 1, so it is appropriate to set the minimum electricity price as the charging electricity price.

[0151] (2) Preserve the electricity prices at all levels and the data for the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at all levels.

[0152] If the local peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates the electricity prices at various levels and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at various levels, and they remain unchanged before the next peak-valley electricity price policy adjustment, the management system 1-2 will save the data of the electricity prices at various levels and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at various levels. In this embodiment, the peak-valley electricity price policy of Shenzhen stipulates the electricity prices at various levels and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at various levels, and the management system 1-2 will save the data of the electricity prices at various levels and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at various levels.

[0153] (III) Maintenance of charging electricity prices, electricity prices at all levels, and data on the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at all levels.

[0154] Each time the expected value of electricity cost savings and / or the charging electricity price is adjusted, the management system automatically adjusts the discharge electricity price parameters; if the result of the adjusted charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings is higher than the maximum electricity price, an error message will be reported until the user adjusts the charging electricity price and / or the expected value of electricity cost savings so that the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings is no higher than the maximum electricity price.

[0155] Each time the battery 1 is turned off and then turned on again, the battery 1 will automatically obtain the lowest electricity price, the highest electricity price, the electricity prices at all levels and the corresponding time period data of the electricity prices at all levels from the Internet through the wireless network in the currently executed peak-valley electricity price policy (if the electricity prices at all levels and the corresponding time periods of the electricity prices at all levels are not fixed, the corresponding data will be left blank), and compare them with the corresponding data in the peak-valley electricity price policy before shutdown to see if there are any changes; if there are no changes, the charging electricity price settings and the electricity prices at all levels and the corresponding time period data of the electricity prices at all levels (if any) before shutdown will be maintained; if there are changes, the management system 1-2 will default to setting the lowest electricity price agreed in the currently executed peak-valley electricity price policy as the charging electricity price, and automatically set the result of adding the charging electricity price and the expected value of electricity cost savings as the discharging electricity price; if the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings at this time is higher than the highest electricity price, an error will be reported and modified according to the rules in the previous paragraph

[0148] . At the same time, the management system 1-2 updates the data of electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at all levels (if the electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at all levels in the new peak-valley electricity price policy are not fixed, the corresponding data will be left blank). At this time, the management system 1-2 displays a prompt message on the display unit 1-3 that the peak-valley electricity price policy has been adjusted, so that the user can timely understand the latest peak-valley electricity price policy and the charging electricity price setting of the battery 1; the user can decide whether to manually adjust the charging electricity price.

[0156] During the normal use of battery 1, if the peak-valley electricity price policy changes, the peak-valley electricity price policy formulation entity and / or other third parties will proactively push the minimum electricity price, maximum electricity price, electricity prices at all levels and the corresponding time period data of each level of electricity price agreed in the new peak-valley electricity price policy to all online (not shut down) batteries 1 on the effective date of the new peak-valley electricity price policy (if the electricity prices at all levels and the corresponding time periods of each level of electricity price in the new peak-valley electricity price policy are not fixed, the corresponding data will be left blank); after receiving the relevant data of the new peak-valley electricity price policy, the management system 1-2 will set the minimum electricity price agreed in the new peak-valley electricity price policy as the charging electricity price by default, and automatically set the result of adding the charging electricity price and the expected value of electricity cost savings as the discharging electricity price; if the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings at this time is higher than the maximum electricity price, an error will be reported and modified according to the rules of the previous paragraph

[0148] . At the same time, the management system 1-2 updates the electricity prices at all levels and the corresponding time period data of each level of electricity price (if the electricity prices at all levels and the corresponding time periods of each level of electricity price in the new peak-valley electricity price policy are not fixed, the corresponding data will be left blank). At this time, the management system 1-2 displays a prompt message on the display unit 1-3 that the peak-valley electricity price policy has been adjusted, so that the user can timely understand the latest peak-valley electricity price policy and the charging price setting of the battery 1; the user can decide whether to manually adjust the charging price.

[0157] 4. According to whether there is electricity in the grid and the current electricity price of the mains electricity 2, the charging and discharging of the battery 1 is controlled according to the battery charging and discharging rules.

[0158] If the power grid is out of power, there is no need to consider the current price of the city electricity 2, and the charging and discharging of the battery 1 can be directly controlled according to the battery charging and discharging rules.

[0159] If there is electricity in the grid, the current electricity price of the mains 2 and the battery charging and discharging rules are used to control the charging and discharging of the battery 1. Because the management system 1-2 stores the electricity prices at various levels and the corresponding time period data at various levels, the management system 1-2 can determine the current electricity price of the mains 2 according to the current time point, and based on this, control the charging and discharging of the battery 1 according to the battery charging and discharging rules.

[0160] 5. Manage the power supply of electrical equipment 3.

[0161] For the electric device 3 connected to the battery 1, when the battery 1 discharges according to the battery charging and discharging rules (including discharging when the power grid is off and when the power grid is powered), the management system 1-2 disconnects the electric device 3 from the mains 2, and at the same time connects the electric device 3 to the battery 1, and the battery 1 supplies power to the electric device 3; when the battery 1 does not discharge according to the battery charging and discharging rules (including when the battery 1 is charging and when the battery 1 is silent), the management system 1-2 disconnects the electric device 3 from the battery 1, and at the same time connects the electric device 3 to the mains 2, and the mains 2 supplies power to the electric device 3.

[0162] 6. Introduction to other functions of this embodiment.

[0163] 1. Set unconditional charging time period.

[0164] The user can manually set the unconditional charging time period in the management system 1-2 through the display unit 1-3. For example, if the user sets 14:00-15:00 as the unconditional charging time period, after the unconditional charging time period is set, when the time enters the 14:00-15:00 time period for the first time, as long as the battery 1 is not fully charged, regardless of the price of the city electricity 2 during this time period, the battery 1 will start charging until the battery 1 is fully charged or the unconditional charging time period is settled, and the battery 1 will stop unconditionally charging; in other time periods outside the unconditional charging time period, the battery 1 will charge and discharge according to the battery charging and discharging rules. The validity period of the unconditional charging time period setting is one-time, that is, when entering the time period for the first time after the setting is completed, the battery 1 can be charged unconditionally, and then the time period setting will automatically become invalid. The unconditional charging time period setting is to deal with sudden or temporary situations, such as when receiving a power outage notification.

[0165] (ii) When the battery 1 is connected to a non-mains power source, the non-mains power source is preferentially used to charge the battery 1.

[0166] The user purchases a photovoltaic panel and connects the photovoltaic panel to the battery 1. When the photovoltaic panel generates electricity and can effectively charge the battery 1, it means that the photovoltaic panel is generating electricity; when the photovoltaic panel does not generate electricity, or although it generates electricity, it cannot effectively charge the battery 1, it means that the photovoltaic panel is not generating electricity.

[0167] At any time, when the management system 1-2 detects that the photovoltaic panel is generating electricity, no matter how high or low the electricity price of the mains 2 is at that time, the battery 1 is controlled to be charged only from the photovoltaic panel; when the management system 1-2 detects that the photovoltaic panel is not generating electricity, the battery 1 is controlled to be charged from the mains 2 according to the set battery charging and discharging rules. Regardless of whether the photovoltaic panel is generating electricity or not, when the power-consuming device 3 needs electricity, the management system 1-2 controls the battery 1 or the mains 2 to supply power to the power-consuming device 3 according to the set battery charging and discharging rules; at this time, the battery 1 may be charged from the photovoltaic panel while supplying power to the power-consuming device 3.

[0168] (iii) Battery 1 is provided with a battery usage mode selection switch (not shown in the accompanying drawings).

[0169] In this embodiment, the battery 1 has two usage modes, namely, the peak-shifting power usage mode and the emergency backup power usage mode, and a battery usage mode selection switch is designed on the battery 1. By operating the switch, the user can select the battery 1 as the peak-shifting power usage mode or the emergency backup power usage mode; if the peak-shifting power usage mode is selected, the management system 1-2 controls the charging and discharging of the battery 1 according to the set battery charging and discharging rules to achieve the purpose of peak-shifting power; if the emergency backup power usage mode is selected, the management system 1-2 does not execute the set battery charging and discharging rules for the purpose of peak-shifting power, and the battery 1 is used like an ordinary emergency backup power battery. Regardless of the current electricity price of the mains 2, as long as the battery 1 is not full, the mains 2 will start charging the battery 1, until the battery 1 is fully charged or disconnected from the mains 2, the battery 1 will stop charging, as long as the battery 1 is not exhausted, the power device 3 will be connected to the power device 3 to supply power, until the battery 1 is exhausted or the power device 3 is disconnected, the battery 1 will stop supplying power.

[0170] (IV) Monitoring of battery 1 usage efficiency.

[0171] In this embodiment, the user can manually set the minimum proportion parameter in the management system 1-2 through the display unit 1-3, such as setting it to 50%; the management system 1-2 continuously monitors the ratio of the cumulative or recent power supply of the battery 1 divided by the cumulative or recent power consumption of the power-consuming equipment 3. If the ratio is lower than 50%, the management system 1-2 displays a prompt message, and the user decides whether to adjust the charging electricity price and / or the expected value of electricity bill savings to increase the proportion of the battery 1 discharge in the power consumption of the power-consuming equipment 3.

[0172] By default, the management system 1-2 divides the cumulative power supply of battery 1 by the cumulative power consumption of the power-consuming device 3 connected to battery 1 (including power supply of battery 1 and power supply of mains 2), and displays the obtained ratio through the display unit 1-3; the user can manually adjust the battery 1 usage efficiency monitoring period from cumulative to the most recent period in the management system 1-2. Assuming that the user adjusts the battery 1 usage efficiency monitoring period to the most recent month, at this time, the management system 1-2 no longer counts and calculates the ratio of the cumulative number, but divides the power supply of battery 1 in the most recent month by the power consumption of the power-consuming device 3 connected to battery 1 in the most recent month (including power supply of battery 1 and power supply of mains 2), and displays the obtained ratio through the display unit 1-3. The user can manually restore the battery 1 usage efficiency monitoring period to the cumulative period.

[0173] (V) The amount of electricity savings brought about by off-peak electricity consumption, cumulatively and over a period of time.

[0174] In this embodiment. Battery 1 charging cost: The charging cost of Battery 1 is calculated and determined according to the actual mains electricity price of 2 when Battery 1 is charged. Battery 1 discharge income: When the grid has electricity, the amount of mains electricity 2 electricity bill expenditure (i.e., the battery discharge income for daily electricity use) is simulated and calculated according to the actual mains electricity price of 2 when Battery 1 is discharged; when the grid is out of power, the amount of mains electricity 2 electricity bill expenditure (i.e., the battery discharge income for emergency electricity use) is simulated and calculated according to the highest electricity price; the sum of the battery discharge income for daily electricity use and the battery discharge income for emergency electricity use is the battery 1 discharge income.

[0175] The discharge benefit of battery 1 is deducted from the charging cost of battery 1 to estimate the amount of electricity bill savings brought about by the off-peak power consumption of battery 1. The display unit 1-3 simultaneously displays the cumulative electricity bill savings and the electricity bill savings for the most recent period. The cumulative electricity bill savings are the total amount of electricity bill savings brought about by off-peak power consumption since battery 1 was activated or restored to factory settings. The electricity bill savings for the most recent period are entered by the user in the management system 1-2 by the user in the calculation period of the electricity bill savings. Assuming the user sets it to the most recent month, the management system 1-2 will calculate the charging cost of battery 1 and the discharge benefit of battery 1 for the most recent month, and use them to calculate the electricity bill savings for the most recent month. The display unit 1-3 simultaneously displays the cumulative electricity bill savings and the electricity bill savings for the most recent period.

[0176] Example 2. See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 .

[0177] The peak-load-shifting battery 1 (referred to as "battery 1") of this embodiment has an emergency power consumption setting function.

[0178] See also Figure 5. The off-peak power battery 1 of this embodiment has an energy storage battery unit 1-1, a battery intelligent charge and discharge management system 1-2, and a display unit 1-3. Other components such as an inverter (not shown in the figure) will not be described in detail. The energy storage battery unit 1-1 is a battery pack composed of cells connected in series and parallel, and is a unit for storing and releasing electric energy. The battery intelligent charge and discharge management system 1-2 (referred to as "management system 1-2") serves as the brain of the battery 1, monitors, manages, and protects the battery 1 to prevent the battery 1 from being overcharged, over-discharged, and overheated, etc., and can collect, record, and save relevant data, save battery charge and discharge rules and control the charge and discharge of the battery 1 according to the rules, and has an emergency power consumption setting function; the battery 1 has a wireless networking function, etc. The display unit 1-3 is connected to the management system 1-2, and can display relevant data and information such as the remaining power of the battery 1, the accumulated electricity bill savings, and the electricity bill savings in the past period. The display unit 1-3 has a touch screen operation function, and can enter relevant data in the management system 1-2 through the display unit 1-3.

[0179] In this embodiment, relevant parameters and functions of the battery 1 are introduced as follows.

[0180] 1. Battery charging and discharging rules are set in the management system 1-2. The specific rules are as follows.

[0181] The management system 1-2 detects whether there is electricity in the grid, and then controls the charging and discharging of the battery 1 according to the following rules.

[0182] (I) If a power outage is detected (battery 1 is deemed to be a power outage when it is not connected to the mains 2). When it is detected that the power consumption device 3 is connected to the battery 1, the current power of the battery 1 is detected; if it is detected that the power of the battery 1 is not exhausted, the battery 1 is controlled to supply power to the power consumption device 3, without considering the current price of the mains 2, and continuously monitors whether the power of the battery 1 is exhausted and whether the power grid has been restored. When it is detected that the power of the battery 1 is exhausted, the battery 1 stops supplying power to the power consumption device 3. When it is detected that the power grid has been restored, the management system 1-2 controls the charging and discharging of the battery 1 according to the battery charging and discharging rules when the power grid has power (at this time, the battery 1 may continue to discharge or stop discharging or start charging); if it is detected that the power of the battery 1 is exhausted, the battery 1 will not supply power to the power consumption device 3.

[0183] (ii) If it is detected that there is electricity in the grid, the remaining power of battery 1 is detected to see whether it is lower than the emergency power consumption, and the charging and discharging of battery 1 is controlled according to the following rules.

[0184] (1) Battery charging and discharging rules when it is detected that the remaining power of battery 1 is lower than the emergency power.

[0185] Regardless of the current price of city electricity 2, battery 1 will be charged immediately and the remaining power of battery 1 will be continuously monitored to see if it reaches the emergency power level. After monitoring that the remaining power of battery 1 has reached the emergency power level, management system 1-2 will control the charging and discharging of battery 1 according to the "battery charging and discharging rules when it is detected that the remaining power of battery 1 is not less than the emergency power level".

[0186] (2) Battery charging and discharging rules when it is detected that the remaining power of battery 1 is not less than the emergency power.

[0187] According to the current electricity price of the mains 2, the charging and discharging of the battery 1 is controlled according to the following rules.

[0188] 1) If the current electricity price of the mains 2 is less than or equal to the charging electricity price, the current power of battery 1 is detected; if it is detected that the current power of battery 1 is not full, battery 1 is controlled to charge, and the battery 1 is continuously monitored to see whether it is full and whether the current electricity price of the mains 2 is higher than the charging electricity price. When it is detected that the battery 1 is fully charged or the current electricity price of the mains 2 is higher than the charging electricity price, battery 1 stops charging; if it is detected that the battery 1 is full, battery 1 is not charged.

[0189] 2) If the current electricity price of the mains 2 is greater than or equal to the discharge electricity price, when the power-consuming device 3 is connected to the battery 1, the current power of the battery 1 is detected; if it is detected that the remaining power of the battery 1 is higher than the emergency power consumption, the battery 1 is controlled to supply power to the power-consuming device 3, and the battery 1 is continuously monitored to see whether the remaining power of the battery 1 is lower than the emergency power consumption and whether the current electricity price of the mains 2 is lower than the discharge electricity price. When it is detected that the remaining power of the battery 1 is lower than the emergency power consumption or the current electricity price of the mains 2 is lower than the discharge electricity price, the battery 1 stops supplying power to the power-consuming device 3; if it is detected that the remaining power of the battery 1 is exactly the emergency power consumption, the battery 1 does not supply power to the power-consuming device 3.

[0190] 3) If the current electricity price of the city electricity 2 is higher than the charging price and lower than the discharging price, the battery 1 will neither charge nor discharge.

[0191] 2. The user enters the expected value of electricity savings in the management system 1-2 and sets the emergency electricity consumption.

[0192] 1. Set the expected value of electricity cost savings.

[0193] Assuming that the capacity of the energy storage battery unit 1-1 is 5 degrees, the total expected charge and discharge times of the battery 1 is 4000 times, and the price of the battery 1 is 5000 yuan, the battery unit cost of the battery 1 in this embodiment is 0.25 yuan / degree. According to the battery unit cost of the battery 1, the user can enter the expected value parameter of electricity cost saving in the management system 1-2 through the display unit 1-3; assuming that the expected value of electricity cost saving entered by the user is 0.75 yuan / degree.

[0194] (2) Set emergency power consumption.

[0195] The emergency power consumption is the power stored in battery 1 for emergency use when the power grid is out of power (when battery 1 is not connected to mains 2, it is deemed as a power grid outage). According to their own needs, users can enter emergency power consumption parameters in management system 1-2 through display unit 1-3, specifically setting a certain proportion of battery 1 capacity as emergency power consumption. If the user sets the emergency power consumption to zero, it means that the user does not need emergency power consumption; in this embodiment, it is assumed that the user sets the emergency power consumption to 2% of the battery 1 capacity.

[0196] 3. Set the two parameters of charging price and discharging price in management system 1-2.

[0197] 1. Set two parameters: charging price and discharging price.

[0198] According to the local peak-valley electricity price policy and the user's own expected electricity cost savings, two parameters, charging electricity price and discharging electricity price, are set in the management system 1-2.

[0199] Assuming that the peak-valley electricity price policy of a certain place does not stipulate electricity prices at all levels, but only stipulates the minimum electricity price (0.25 yuan / kWh) and the maximum electricity price (1.39 yuan / kWh), the electricity prices for each time period are dynamically published and / or adjusted by the peak-valley electricity price policy implementing body when implementing the peak-valley electricity price policy, based on influencing factors such as the electricity volume on the power grid and the electricity demand situation. The currently implemented electricity price can only be the price between the maximum electricity price (inclusive) and the minimum electricity price (inclusive)).

[0200] When the battery 1 is turned on, the battery 1 can be connected to the network. Then, the battery 1 automatically obtains the minimum electricity price, the maximum electricity price, the electricity prices at all levels and the corresponding time period data of the peak and valley electricity price policy currently being implemented in the location from the website saved in the management system 1-2 or the website added by the user through the wireless network (if the corresponding data is not agreed upon, the corresponding data is left blank). As far as the location of this embodiment is concerned, the battery 1 automatically obtains the minimum electricity price and the maximum electricity price from the Internet (assuming that the management system 1-2 obtains the relevant data from the website built by the manufacturer generating the battery 1). In this embodiment, it is assumed that the peak-valley electricity price policy in the region continues to fail to stipulate electricity prices at all levels, and only stipulates the minimum electricity price and the maximum electricity price. The electricity price for each time period is dynamically published and / or adjusted by the peak-valley electricity price policy implementing body when implementing the peak-valley electricity price policy, based on influencing factors such as the power situation on the power grid and the power demand situation. The current electricity price (which can only be a price between the maximum electricity price (inclusive) and the minimum electricity price (inclusive)) is adjusted; if the peak-valley electricity price policy in the region changes (such as stipulating electricity prices at all levels, etc.), the battery charging and discharging rules of battery 1 are as described above, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0201] In this embodiment, the management system 1-2 sets the lowest electricity price as the charging electricity price by default, and automatically sets the result of adding the charging electricity price and the expected value of electricity cost savings as the discharging electricity price; if the result of adding the charging electricity price and the expected value of electricity cost savings is higher than the highest electricity price, the management system 1-2 automatically selects the battery usage mode of battery 1 as the emergency backup power usage mode. At this time, the management system 1-2 no longer executes the set battery charging and discharging rules for the purpose of off-peak electricity consumption, but uses the battery 1 as an ordinary emergency backup power battery; at the same time, the display unit 1-3 displays the current usage mode of battery 1. In this embodiment, the default charging electricity price is 0.25 yuan / kWh, and the expected value of electricity cost savings set by the user is 0.75 yuan. The result of adding the two is 1 yuan / kWh, which is lower than the highest electricity price of 1.39 yuan / kWh. The management system 1-2 selects the battery 1 as the off-peak electricity usage mode.

[0202] The user can also manually adjust the default charging price set by the management system 1-2 through the display unit 1-3, and then the management system 1-2 will automatically reset the sum of the charging price and the expected value of electricity cost savings to the discharge price; if the sum of the charging price and the expected value of electricity cost savings is higher than the maximum price, the management system 1-2 will automatically select the battery usage mode of battery 1 as the emergency backup power usage mode. At this time, the management system 1-2 will no longer execute the set battery charging and discharging rules for the purpose of off-peak electricity consumption, but will use the battery 1 as an ordinary emergency backup power battery; at the same time, the display unit 1-3 displays the current usage mode of battery 1. If the charging price is manually adjusted to 0.66 yuan / kWh, then the result of the charging price (0.66 yuan / kWh) plus the expected value of electricity cost savings (0.75 yuan / kWh) is 1.41 yuan / kWh, which is higher than the maximum price of 1.39 yuan / kWh. At this time, the management system 1-2 will automatically select the battery usage mode of battery 1 as the emergency backup power usage mode, and display the current usage mode of battery 1 through the display unit 1-3. The user can manually adjust the charging electricity price and / or the expected value of electricity cost saving, and the management system 1 - 2 can re-judge and select the usage mode of the battery 1 according to the rules.

[0203] In this embodiment, since the electricity price in each time period is not fixed, at the beginning, the lowest electricity price can be set as the charging electricity price, and then a period of time can be used to see whether the battery 1 can be fully charged (that is, whether the time length of the lowest electricity price period in a day is long enough). If it is found that the battery 1 cannot be fully charged, the charging electricity price can be manually increased to allow the battery 1 to be fully charged as much as possible.

[0204] (2) Maintenance of charging and discharging electricity prices.

[0205] Each time the expected value of electricity cost savings is adjusted and / or the charging electricity price is adjusted, the management system 1 - 2 automatically adjusts the discharge electricity price parameter, and the management system 1 - 2 determines whether to adjust the usage mode of the battery 1 .

[0206] In this embodiment, each time the battery 1 is turned off and then turned on again, the battery 1 will automatically obtain the lowest electricity price and the highest electricity price in the peak-valley electricity price policy currently being executed from the Internet through the wireless network, and compare it with the corresponding data in the peak-valley electricity price policy before the shutdown to see if there is any change; if there is no change, the charging electricity price setting before the shutdown is maintained; if there is a change, the management system 1-2 defaults to setting the lowest electricity price agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy currently being executed as the charging electricity price, and automatically sets the result of adding the charging electricity price and the expected value of electricity cost savings as the discharge electricity price; if the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings at this time is higher than the highest electricity price, the management system 1-2 automatically selects the battery usage mode of the battery 1 as the emergency backup power usage mode, and displays the current usage mode of the battery 1 on the display unit 1-3. At this time, the management system 1-2 displays a prompt message on the display unit 1-3 that the peak-valley electricity price policy has been adjusted, and the user can decide whether to manually adjust the charging electricity price. If the electricity prices at different levels and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at different levels are not fixed, each time the battery 1 is turned on, the current electricity price is obtained from the Internet so that the management system 1-2 can determine the current electricity price of the city power 2.

[0207] During the normal use of battery 1, if the peak-valley electricity price policy changes, the peak-valley electricity price policy formulation entity and / or other third parties will proactively push the minimum electricity price and maximum electricity price agreed in the new peak-valley electricity price policy to all online (not shut down) batteries 1 on the effective date of the new peak-valley electricity price policy; after receiving the relevant data of the new peak-valley electricity price policy, the management system 1-2 will set the minimum electricity price agreed in the new peak-valley electricity price policy as the charging electricity price by default, and automatically set the result of adding the charging electricity price and the expected value of electricity cost savings as the discharging electricity price; if the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings at this time is higher than the maximum electricity price, the management system 1-2 will automatically select the battery usage mode of battery 1 as the emergency backup power usage mode, and display the current usage mode of battery 1 on the display unit 1-3. At this time, the management system 1-2 displays a prompt message on the display unit 1-3 that the peak-valley electricity price policy has been adjusted, and the user can decide whether to manually adjust the charging electricity price.

[0208] 4. According to whether there is electricity in the grid and the current electricity price of the mains electricity 2, the charging and discharging of the battery 1 is controlled according to the battery charging and discharging rules.

[0209] If the power grid is out of power, there is no need to consider the current price of the city electricity 2, and the charging and discharging of the battery 1 can be directly controlled according to the battery charging and discharging rules.

[0210] If there is electricity in the power grid, the charging and discharging of battery 1 will be controlled according to the current electricity price of the main power 2 and the battery charging and discharging rules. In this embodiment, since the electricity price for each time period is determined by the peak-valley electricity price policy execution entity, when executing the peak-valley electricity price policy, it will dynamically publish and / or adjust the currently implemented electricity price (which can only be the price between the highest electricity price (inclusive) and the lowest electricity price (inclusive)) according to influencing factors such as the power situation on the power grid and the electricity demand situation. Each time the currently implemented electricity price is published and / or adjusted, the peak-valley electricity price policy execution entity and / or the third party will immediately push the new currently implemented electricity price to all online (not shut down) batteries 1. After receiving the currently implemented electricity price information, the management system 1-2 can determine the current main power 2 electricity price, and manage the charging and discharging of battery 1 according to the battery charging and discharging rules accordingly.

[0211] 5. Manage the power supply of electrical equipment 3.

[0212] For the electric device 3 connected to the battery 1, when the battery 1 discharges according to the battery charging and discharging rules (including discharging when the power grid is off and when the power grid is powered), the management system 1-2 disconnects the electric device 3 from the mains 2, and at the same time connects the electric device 3 to the battery 1, and the battery 1 supplies power to the electric device 3; when the battery 1 does not discharge according to the battery charging and discharging rules (including when the battery 1 is charging and when the battery 1 is silent), the management system 1-2 disconnects the electric device 3 from the battery 1, and at the same time connects the electric device 3 to the mains 2, and the mains 2 supplies power to the electric device 3.

[0213] 6. Introduction to other functions of this embodiment.

[0214] (i) The management system 1 - 2 automatically selects the battery usage mode of the battery 1 .

[0215] In this embodiment, the battery 1 has two usage modes, namely, a peak power usage mode and an emergency backup power usage mode. The usage mode of the battery 1 is automatically selected by the management system 1-2 according to the set rules. After each charging electricity price adjustment and / or electricity cost saving expectation value adjustment, management system 1-2 automatically calculates whether the result of charging electricity price plus electricity cost saving expectation value is higher than the maximum electricity price; if it is not higher than the maximum electricity price, management system 1-2 automatically selects the battery usage mode as the peak-shifting electricity usage mode, and management system 1-2 controls the charging and discharging of battery 1 according to the set battery charging and discharging rules to achieve the purpose of peak-shifting electricity consumption; if it is higher than the maximum electricity price, management system 1-2 automatically selects the battery usage mode as the emergency backup power supply usage mode, and management system 1-2 does not execute the set battery charging and discharging rules for the purpose of peak-shifting electricity consumption, and battery 1 is used like an ordinary emergency backup power supply battery (regardless of the current electricity price of mains 2, as long as battery 1 is not full, plugging into mains 2 will start charging battery 1 until battery 1 is fully charged or disconnected from mains 2, and battery 1 stops charging; as long as battery 1 is not exhausted, connecting to power-consuming device 3 will supply power to power-consuming device 3 until battery 1 is exhausted or power-consuming device 3 is disconnected, and battery 1 stops supplying power). If relevant conditions (such as adjustment of peak-valley electricity price policy, change in expected value of electricity cost savings, etc.) change, the applicable usage mode of battery 1 may change, such as changing from a backup power supply mode to a peak-shifting power consumption mode or from a peak-shifting power consumption mode to a backup power supply mode.

[0216] (2) The amount of electricity savings brought about by off-peak electricity consumption over the cumulative period and the past period.

[0217] Battery 1 charging cost: The charging cost of emergency electricity is simulated and calculated based on the lowest electricity price. The charging cost of daily electricity is calculated based on the actual city electricity price when charging Battery 1. The sum of the charging cost of emergency electricity and the charging cost of daily electricity is the charging cost of Battery 1.

[0218] Battery 1 discharge income: When the grid is powered, the actual grid 2 electricity price when battery 1 is discharged is used to simulate the amount of grid 2 electricity expenditure (i.e., the battery discharge income for daily electricity use). When the grid is out of power, the maximum electricity price is used to simulate the amount of grid 2 electricity expenditure (i.e., the battery discharge income for emergency electricity use). The sum of the battery discharge income for daily electricity use and the battery discharge income for emergency electricity use is the battery 1 discharge income.

[0219] The discharge benefit of battery 1 is deducted from the charging cost of battery 1 to estimate the amount of electricity bill savings brought about by the off-peak power consumption of battery 1. The display unit 1-3 simultaneously displays the cumulative electricity bill savings and the electricity bill savings for the most recent period. The cumulative electricity bill savings are the total amount of electricity bill savings brought about by off-peak power consumption since battery 1 was activated or restored to factory settings. The electricity bill savings for the most recent period are entered by the user in the management system 1-2 by the user in the calculation period of the electricity bill savings. Assuming the user sets it to the most recent month, the management system 1-2 will calculate the charging cost of battery 1 and the discharge benefit of battery 1 for the most recent month, and use them to calculate the electricity bill savings for the most recent month. The display unit 1-3 simultaneously displays the cumulative electricity bill savings and the electricity bill savings for the most recent period.

[0220] The main features and contents of this embodiment are introduced above, and some well-known functions and structures are not introduced. The embodiments introduced above also do not fully display all the contents and solutions of the present invention.

[0221] For those skilled in the art of the present application, some simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, without creative work. Therefore, simple improvements made to the present application by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present application should be within the protection scope of the present application. The above embodiment is only one solution of the present application, and there are many other solutions that cannot be listed exhaustively. All structures similar to the present application and equivalent changes made should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the charging and discharging of a battery for off-peak power consumption, characterized in that:

1. Set battery charging and discharging rules in the management system: The management system detects whether the grid has electricity, and then controls the battery charging and discharging according to the following rules; 1. If a power outage is detected (a power outage is also considered to occur when the battery is not connected to the mains); When it is detected that the power-consuming device is connected to the battery, the current power of the battery is detected; If it is detected that the battery power is not exhausted, the battery will be controlled to supply power to the power-consuming equipment without considering the current city electricity price. The system will continue to monitor whether the battery power is exhausted and whether the power grid has been restored. When it is detected that the battery power is exhausted, the battery will stop supplying power to the power-consuming equipment. When it is detected that the power grid has been restored, the management system will control the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules when the power grid has power. If it is detected that the battery is exhausted, the battery will not supply power to the electrical equipment; (ii) If it is detected that the grid has electricity, the battery charging and discharging will be controlled according to the following rules, depending on whether the battery has an emergency power setting function; 1. If the battery does not have an emergency power setting function; According to the current city electricity price, the battery charging and discharging is controlled according to the following rules; (1) If the current city electricity price is less than or equal to the charging price, the current battery power is detected; If it is detected that the battery is not fully charged, the battery will be controlled to charge, and the battery will be continuously monitored to see if it is fully charged and if the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price. If it is detected that the battery is fully charged or the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price, the battery will stop charging. If it is detected that the battery is full, the battery will not be charged; (2) If the current city electricity price is greater than or equal to the discharge electricity price, when an electrical device is connected to the battery, the current battery power is detected; If it is detected that the battery power is not exhausted, the battery is controlled to supply power to the power-consuming equipment, and the battery power is continuously monitored to see whether the battery power is exhausted and whether the current city electricity price is lower than the discharge electricity price. When it is detected that the battery power is exhausted or the current city electricity price is lower than the discharge electricity price, the battery stops supplying power to the power-consuming equipment. If it is detected that the battery is exhausted, the battery will not supply power to the electrical equipment; (3) If the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price and lower than the discharging price, the battery will neither charge nor discharge; 2. If the battery has an emergency power setting function; Check whether the remaining battery power is lower than the emergency power consumption, and control the battery charging and discharging according to the following rules; (1) Battery charging and discharging rules when it is detected that the remaining battery power is lower than the emergency power consumption; Regardless of the current electricity price, the battery will be charged immediately and the remaining battery power will be continuously monitored to see if it reaches the emergency power consumption. When the remaining battery power reaches the emergency power consumption, the management system will control the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules when it is detected that the remaining battery power is not less than the emergency power consumption. (2) Battery charging and discharging rules when it is detected that the remaining battery power is not less than the emergency power consumption; According to the current city electricity price, the battery charging and discharging is controlled according to the following rules; 1) If the current city electricity price is less than or equal to the charging price, the current battery power is detected; If it is detected that the battery is not fully charged, the battery will be controlled to charge, and the battery will be continuously monitored to see if it is fully charged and if the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price. If it is detected that the battery is fully charged or the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price, the battery will stop charging. If it is detected that the battery is full, the battery will not be charged; 2) If the current city electricity price is greater than or equal to the discharge electricity price, when an electrical device is connected to the battery, the current battery power is detected; If it is detected that the remaining battery power is higher than the emergency power consumption, the battery will be controlled to supply power to the power-consuming equipment, and the remaining battery power will be continuously monitored to see whether it is lower than the emergency power consumption and whether the current city electricity price is lower than the discharge price. When it is detected that the remaining battery power is lower than the emergency power consumption or the current city electricity price is lower than the discharge price, the battery will stop supplying power to the power-consuming equipment. If it is detected that the remaining battery power is just enough for emergency use, the battery will not supply power to the electrical equipment; 3) If the current city electricity price is higher than the charging price and lower than the discharging price, the battery will neither charge nor discharge; 2. Set the expected value of electricity cost savings and emergency power consumption parameters in the management system (if there is an emergency power consumption setting function); The user sets the minimum amount of electricity bill that the user expects to save per kilowatt-hour of battery charge and discharge (i.e. "expected electricity bill savings") in the management system. The user can modify the expected electricity bill savings at any time. If the battery has an emergency power setting function, the user sets the emergency power parameters in the management system; 3. According to the peak-valley electricity price policy and the user's expected electricity cost savings, the charging and discharging electricity prices are set in the management system; if the electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at all levels agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy are fixed, the data of the electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to the electricity prices at all levels are saved in the management system; (1) Setting charging and discharging electricity prices; 1. If the minimum and maximum electricity prices are stipulated in the peak and valley electricity price policy; By default, the management system sets the lowest electricity price agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy as the charging electricity price and / or the electricity price manually set by the user (equal to or greater than the lowest electricity price agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy) as the charging electricity price; the management system automatically sets the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings as the discharging electricity price; both the charging electricity price and the discharging electricity price must be between the lowest electricity price (inclusive) and the highest electricity price (inclusive) agreed in the peak-valley electricity price policy; If the result of adding the expected value of electricity savings to the charging price is higher than the maximum electricity price agreed upon in the peak-valley electricity price policy, the management system will issue an error signal to prompt the user to adjust the settings, or the management system will directly set the result of subtracting the expected value of electricity savings from the maximum electricity price as the charging price (the maximum electricity price minus the expected value of electricity savings must be equal to or greater than the minimum electricity price) and issue a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging price later), or the management system will directly adjust the charging price to the minimum electricity price agreed upon in the peak-valley electricity price policy (the minimum electricity price plus the expected value of electricity savings must be less than or equal to the maximum electricity price) and issue a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging price later); 2. If the minimum electricity price and / or maximum electricity price is not stipulated in the peak-valley electricity price policy; (1) The peak-valley electricity price policy does not stipulate the minimum and maximum electricity prices; Users can manually set the charging price, and the management system automatically sets the result of the charging price plus the expected value of electricity savings as the discharge price; (2) The peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates a minimum electricity price, but does not stipulate a maximum electricity price; By default, the management system sets the lowest electricity price agreed upon in the peak-valley electricity price policy as the charging electricity price and / or the electricity price manually set by the user (equal to or greater than the lowest electricity price agreed upon in the peak-valley electricity price policy) as the charging electricity price; the management system automatically sets the result of adding the expected value of electricity cost savings to the charging electricity price as the discharging electricity price; (3) The peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates a maximum electricity price, but does not stipulate a minimum electricity price; Users can manually set the charging electricity price, and the management system will automatically set the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings as the discharge electricity price; if the result of the charging electricity price plus the expected value of electricity cost savings is higher than the maximum electricity price agreed in the peak and valley electricity price policy, the management system will issue an error signal to prompt the user to adjust the setting, or the management system will directly set the result of the maximum electricity price minus the expected value of electricity cost savings as the charging electricity price and issue a prompt signal (the user can manually adjust the charging electricity price later); (ii) If the peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates the electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to them, and they remain unchanged until the next adjustment of the peak-valley electricity price policy, the data of the electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to them shall be saved in the management system; 4. Control the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules based on whether the grid has electricity and the current city electricity price; (1) If the power grid is cut off; If the power grid is out of power, there is no need to consider the current electricity price, and the battery charging and discharging can be controlled directly according to the battery charging and discharging rules; (2) If there is electricity in the power grid; 1. If the peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates the electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to them, and they remain unchanged before the next peak-valley electricity price policy adjustment, then the management system determines the current city electricity price based on the electricity prices at all levels and the time periods corresponding to them stored in the management system, and controls the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules accordingly; 2. If the peak-valley electricity price policy is followed, the electricity price for each time period is not fixed. The electricity price for each time period is determined by the peak-valley electricity price policy execution body. When executing the peak-valley electricity price policy, the execution body will dynamically publish and / or adjust the currently executed electricity price based on the influencing factors such as the power situation on the power grid and the power demand situation, and on the basis of complying with the requirements of the peak-valley electricity price policy. At this time, the management system can obtain the currently executed electricity price information by downloading it online and / or actively pushing it by the peak-valley electricity price policy execution body and / or actively pushing it by other third parties, so as to determine the current city electricity price, and control the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules accordingly; 5. Power supply management for electrical equipment; The management system controls the battery charging and discharging according to the battery charging and discharging rules, and manages the power supply of the electrical equipment accordingly; For electrical equipment connected to a battery, when the battery is discharged according to the battery charging and discharging rules, the management system will disconnect the electrical equipment from the mains, and at the same time connect the electrical equipment to the battery, so that the battery supplies power to the electrical equipment; when the battery is not discharged according to the battery charging and discharging rules, the management system will disconnect the electrical equipment from the battery, and at the same time connect the electrical equipment to the mains, so that the mains supplies power to the electrical equipment.

2. A battery charge and discharge control method for a peak-load battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Relevant influencing factors can be set in the management system according to the local peak and valley electricity price policy, and then the management system will automatically calculate the specific electricity price applicable to the user based on the influencing factors that the user meets and / or the influencing factors entered / confirmed by the user himself.

3. A battery charge and discharge control method for a peak-load battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The management system obtains information related to the peak-valley electricity price policy through downloading from the Internet and / or active push by the peak-valley electricity price policy-making body and / or active push by other third parties; users can also obtain information related to the peak-valley electricity price policy on their own, and then manually set relevant parameters and / or enter and save relevant data in the management system as needed.

4. A battery charge and discharge control method for a peak-shifting battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Every time the user adjusts the expected value of electricity savings, the management system automatically adjusts the discharge electricity price parameters; Every time the user actively adjusts the charging price parameters, the management system automatically adjusts the discharging price parameters; Each time the peak-valley electricity price policy is adjusted, the charging electricity price can be adjusted automatically by the management system or manually by the user, and the management system automatically adjusts the discharge electricity price parameters at the same time; and the management system can automatically calculate the specific electricity price applicable to the user based on the influencing factors that the user meets and / or the influencing factors entered / confirmed by the user himself.

5. The method for controlling charging and discharging of a battery for off-peak power consumption as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An unconditional charging period can be set in the management system, that is, when entering the unconditional charging period, as long as the battery is not fully charged, the battery will be charged until the battery is fully charged or the unconditional charging period is settled; the validity period can be set for the unconditional charging period.

6. A battery charge and discharge control method for a peak-load battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The battery can be set to have a peak-shifting power usage mode and an emergency backup power usage mode. The battery usage mode is selected manually and / or automatically selected by the management system according to set rules.

7. A battery charge and discharge control method for a peak-load battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: If the peak-valley electricity price policy stipulates the electricity prices at each level and the time periods corresponding to each level of electricity price, and they remain unchanged until the next peak-valley electricity price policy is adjusted, then the charging and discharging time periods can be directly set in the management system.

8. The method for controlling charging and discharging of a battery for off-peak power consumption as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: During battery use, the management system records the cumulative power consumption of the power-consuming equipment and / or the power consumption in the past period, and records the cumulative power supply of the battery to the power-consuming equipment and / or the power supply in the past period; the management system sets a minimum proportion parameter of the battery power supply in the power consumption of the power-consuming equipment. If the cumulative and / or past period battery power supply in the power consumption of the power-consuming equipment accounts for a proportion lower than the minimum proportion, the management system may issue a prompt signal, and the user may decide whether to adjust the charging price / charging period and / or the expected value of electricity cost savings to increase the proportion of battery power supply in the power consumption of the power-consuming equipment.

9. A battery for off-peak electricity consumption, characterized in that: A peak-shifting battery (referred to as "battery") includes an energy storage battery unit, a battery intelligent charge and discharge management system, and a display unit; The energy storage battery unit is a battery pack composed of cells connected in series and parallel, and is a unit for storing and releasing electrical energy; The battery intelligent charge and discharge management system (referred to as "management system") can monitor, manage and protect energy storage battery units, set and save battery charge and discharge rules, and collect, record and save relevant data, and can control battery charge and discharge according to battery charge and discharge rules; The display unit is connected to the management system and is used to display the remaining battery power and other relevant information. The system can be managed and relevant parameters and data can be entered through touch screen operation.

10. The peak-shifting battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: A battery usage mode selection switch is provided on the battery. By operating the switch, the battery usage mode can be selected as a peak-shifting power usage mode or an emergency backup power usage mode.

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