Monitor

Abstract

The invention discloses a monitor which comprises an outer probe rod, a pressure-resistant cabin, a partition plate, a differential pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The partition plate is arranged in the outer probe rod and used for dividing an inner cavity of the outer probe rod into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the outer probe rod is used for being inserted into seabed sediments; the pressure-resistant cabin is arranged at the top of the outer probe rod, a circuit board is arranged in the pressure-resistant cabin, the differential pressure sensor is arranged in the first cavity and connected with the circuit board, the temperature sensor is arranged in the second cavity and connected with the circuit board, the differential pressure sensor is used for outputting a differential pressure signal, and the temperature sensor is used for outputting a temperature signal; and the circuit board is used for monitoring the seabed sediment according to the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal. The monitor provided by the invention can realize differential pressure monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep sea monitoring, and in particular to a monitoring instrument. Background Art

[0002] Monitoring of submarine cold springs is a key means of understanding and utilizing deep-sea resources. Cold springs refer to low-temperature fluids that are injected into the basin from below the seafloor sedimentary interface in the form of gushing and seepage. Cold spring activity areas usually indicate that natural gas hydrates (a new type of energy resource with great potential) are enriched here. Natural gas hydrates are formed in a low-temperature and high-pressure environment. The temperature and pressure conditions of the sediments have an important influence on the distribution of hydrates in the formation. The natural gas hydrate stability zone refers to the depth range of the formation that meets the necessary physical (temperature, pressure) conditions for the existence of natural gas hydrates; obtaining the distribution of the natural gas hydrate stability zone is conducive to grasping the prospective production areas of natural gas hydrates from a macroscopic perspective. In the process of evaluating the resource quantity of natural gas hydrates, the thickness of the natural gas hydrate stability zone is an indispensable parameter.

[0003] At present, in the study of hydrates, the seabed is usually taken as the upper limit of the hydrate stability zone. In this way, by studying the temperature and pressure conditions of the seabed, it is possible to determine whether hydrates exist stably, and thereby to delineate the stable range of hydrates on the plane. When determining the bottom boundary of the hydrate stability zone, the temperature is usually extrapolated using the geothermal gradient when the seabed temperature and water depth are known, and then the bottom boundary of the hydrate stability zone can be obtained by comparing it with the hydrate stability phase diagram. For cold spring activity areas, the existing measuring instruments for measuring the temperature and pressure of seabed sediments generally penetrate the seabed sediments through an extension rod, detect the temperature and pressure through a temperature and pressure probe, and an inclinometer, accelerometer, communication module, data acquisition module and power supply are provided in the sealed electronic compartment. The data acquisition module transmits the data output by the inclinometer, accelerometer and temperature and pressure probe to the data processing equipment on the winch through the communication module. The use of the above-mentioned measuring instrument to monitor the temperature and pressure data may result in large measurement errors due to the complex seabed environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a monitoring instrument to solve the problem of large measurement error of the measuring instrument in the prior art.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a monitoring instrument, comprising an external probe rod, a pressure-resistant cabin, a partition, a differential pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor;

[0006] The partition is arranged inside the outer probe, and the partition is used to divide the inner cavity of the outer probe into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the outer probe is used to be inserted into the seabed sediment;

[0007] The pressure chamber is arranged on the top of the outer probe rod, a circuit board is arranged inside the pressure chamber, the differential pressure sensor is arranged in the first cavity and connected to the circuit board, the temperature sensor is arranged in the second cavity and connected to the circuit board, the differential pressure sensor is used to output a differential pressure signal, and the temperature sensor is used to output a temperature signal; the circuit board is used to monitor the seabed sediments according to the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal.

[0008] Optionally, a thermal insulation rod is further disposed in the second cavity, and the temperature sensor comprises a thermistor, and the thermistor is disposed on the thermal insulation rod.

[0009] Optionally, the monitor further includes a posture meter, which is installed on the top of the insulation rod and is used to measure the posture of the monitor.

[0010] Optionally, the circuit board includes an analog measurement module, a main control module and a power supply module, the analog measurement module is connected to the differential pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, the main control module is connected to the analog measurement module, and the power supply module is connected to the main control module and the analog measurement module, the analog measurement module is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal respectively and then output a digital signal, the main control module is used to perform data processing according to the digital signal, and the power supply module is used to power the analog measurement module and the main control module.

[0011] Optionally, the analog measurement module includes a first bridge circuit, a second bridge circuit, a first noise reduction matching unit, a second noise reduction matching unit, a first analog-to-digital conversion unit and a second analog-to-digital conversion unit, the first bridge circuit, the first noise reduction matching unit and the first analog-to-digital conversion unit are connected in series between the differential pressure sensor and the main control module, and the second bridge circuit, the second noise reduction matching unit and the second analog-to-digital conversion unit are connected in series between the temperature sensor and the main control module.

[0012] Optionally, the power module includes a charge and discharge control unit, a lithium battery and a reference voltage output unit, the charge and discharge control unit is connected between the lithium battery and the reference voltage output unit, the reference voltage output unit is connected to the analog measurement module, the charge and discharge control unit is used to control the lithium battery to supply power to the reference voltage output unit, and the reference voltage output unit is used to provide a reference voltage for the analog measurement module.

[0013] Optionally, the monitor further includes a water inlet and a water permeable net, wherein the water inlet is arranged at the top of the first cavity, and the water permeable net is arranged on the outer wall of the first cavity.

[0014] Optionally, the monitoring instrument further comprises a pointed cone, wherein the pointed cone is arranged at the bottom of the outer probe rod, and the pointed cone is used for guiding the insertion into the seabed sediment.

[0015] Optionally, the monitor further comprises a sealing welded pipe, and the sealing welded pipe is used to connect the outer probe rod and the pressure-resistant cabin.

[0016] Optionally, the monitor further comprises a probe rod retaining ring and an anode column, wherein the probe rod retaining ring is fixed on the outer probe rod, and the anode column is arranged on the upper surface of the pressure cabin.

[0017] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention provides a monitoring instrument, including an outer probe rod, a pressure chamber, a partition, a differential pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; the partition is arranged inside the outer probe rod, and the partition is used to divide the internal cavity of the outer probe rod into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the outer probe rod is used to be inserted into seabed sediments; the pressure chamber is arranged on the top of the outer probe rod, and a circuit board is arranged inside the pressure chamber, the differential pressure sensor is arranged in the first cavity and connected to the circuit board, the temperature sensor is arranged in the second cavity and connected to the circuit board, the differential pressure sensor is used to output a differential pressure signal, and the temperature sensor is used to output a temperature signal; the circuit board is used to monitor the seabed sediments according to the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal, wherein the differential pressure signal output by the differential pressure sensor refers to the difference between the pore water pressure of the measured sediments and the static water pressure of the seabed, which can eliminate the influence of seabed bottom current activity and tidal changes on pressure, and solves the problem of large measurement errors of the measuring instruments in the prior art.

[0018] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a temperature and pressure measuring instrument in the related art;

[0021] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a monitoring instrument provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another monitoring instrument provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the circuit board structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] Submarine cold spring monitoring is a key means to understand and utilize deep-sea resources. Cold springs refer to low-temperature fluids that are injected into the basin from below the seafloor sedimentary interface in the form of gushing and seepage, which will produce a series of physical, chemical and biological effects. This phenomenon and its products are called cold springs. Submarine cold springs are mainly composed of water, hydrocarbons (natural gas and oil), hydrogen sulfide, and fine-grained sediments. The temperature of the fluid is similar to that of seawater and is widely developed on the seafloor of active and passive continental margin slopes. Submarine cold spring systems are another new field of fluid deposition after the discovery and study of mid-ocean ridge hot springs. Cold spring activity areas usually indicate that natural gas hydrates (a new type of energy resource with great potential) are enriched here. Natural gas hydrates are formed in a low-temperature and high-pressure environment. The temperature and pressure conditions of the sediments have an important influence on the distribution of hydrates in the formation. The natural gas hydrate stability zone refers to the depth range of the formation that meets the physical (temperature, pressure) necessary conditions for the existence of natural gas hydrates; obtaining the distribution of the natural gas hydrate stability zone is conducive to grasping the prospective production areas of natural gas hydrates from a macro perspective. In the process of evaluating the resources of natural gas hydrates, the thickness of the natural gas hydrate stability zone is an indispensable parameter. At present, in the study of hydrates, the seabed is usually taken as the upper limit of the hydrate stability zone. In this way, studying the temperature and pressure conditions of the seabed can determine whether hydrates exist stably, and thereby define the stable range of hydrates on the plane. When determining the bottom boundary of the hydrate stability zone, the temperature is usually extrapolated using the geothermal gradient when the seabed temperature and water depth are known, and then compared with the hydrate stability phase diagram to obtain the bottom boundary of the hydrate stability zone.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a temperature and pressure measuring instrument in the related art, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a deflector 1, a counterweight block 2 with a variable weight, a sealed electronic compartment 3, an extension rod 4 with a variable length and a needle-shaped temperature and pressure probe 5. The deflector 1, the counterweight block 2, the sealed electronic compartment 3, the extension rod 4 and the temperature and pressure probe 5 are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The deflector 1 is used to connect with the bearing head of a winch located on the sea surface. The sealed electronic compartment 3 is equipped with an inclinometer, an accelerometer, a communication module, a data acquisition module and a power supply. The data acquisition module is used to transmit the data output by the inclinometer, the accelerometer and the temperature and pressure probe to the data processing equipment on the winch through the communication module. The extension rod is used to partially or completely penetrate into the seabed sediment. However, the above-mentioned measuring instrument uses a pressure sensor to measure pressure parameters. Due to the complex seabed environment and the fact that the pressure sensor generally has only one probe, it can only measure absolute pressure, which may lead to large measurement errors.

[0028] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a monitoring instrument. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the monitoring instrument includes an outer probe rod 110, a pressure-resistant cabin 120, a partition 130, a differential pressure sensor 140 and a temperature sensor 150; the partition 130 is arranged inside the outer probe rod 110, and the partition 130 is used to divide the internal cavity of the outer probe rod 110 into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the outer probe rod 110 is used to be inserted into the seabed sediment; the pressure-resistant cabin 120 is arranged on the top of the outer probe rod 110, and a circuit board is arranged inside the pressure-resistant cabin 120, the differential pressure sensor 140 is arranged in the first cavity and connected to the circuit board, the temperature sensor 150 is arranged in the second cavity and connected to the circuit board, the differential pressure sensor 140 is used to output a differential pressure signal, and the temperature sensor 150 is used to output a temperature signal; the circuit board is used to monitor the seabed sediment according to the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal.

[0029] In this embodiment, the outer probe rod 110 is a measuring tool. The length of the rod can be set according to actual needs. The outer probe rod 110 can be made of corrosion-resistant metals such as stainless steel. The pressure chamber 120 refers to a device that can withstand huge water pressure and can protect the internal structure from the influence of water pressure. The partition 130 is a component that divides the internal cavity of the outer probe rod 110 into a first cavity and a second cavity. The differential pressure sensor 140 is a sensor used to measure the difference between two pressures and directly outputs a differential pressure signal. The temperature sensor 150 refers to a sensor that can sense temperature and convert it into a usable output signal.

[0030] In this embodiment, after the outer probe rod 110 of the monitoring instrument is inserted into the seabed sediment, the differential pressure sensor 140 transmits the output differential pressure signal to the circuit board, and the temperature sensor 150 transmits the output temperature signal to the circuit board. The circuit board monitors the temperature and differential pressure of the seabed sediment according to the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal, wherein the differential pressure signal refers to the difference between the pore water pressure of the measured sediment and the static water pressure of the seabed.

[0031] The technical solution of this embodiment provides a monitoring instrument, including an outer probe rod, a pressure chamber, a partition, a differential pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; the partition is arranged inside the outer probe rod, and the partition is used to divide the internal cavity of the outer probe rod into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the outer probe rod is used to be inserted into seabed sediments; the pressure chamber is arranged on the top of the outer probe rod, and a circuit board is arranged inside the pressure chamber, the differential pressure sensor is arranged in the first cavity and connected to the circuit board, the temperature sensor is arranged in the second cavity and connected to the circuit board, the differential pressure sensor is used to output a differential pressure signal, and the temperature sensor is used to output a temperature signal; the circuit board is used to monitor the seabed sediments according to the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal, wherein the differential pressure signal output by the differential pressure sensor refers to the difference between the pore water pressure of the measured sediments and the static water pressure of the seabed, which can eliminate the influence of seabed bottom current activity and tidal changes on pressure, and solves the problem of large measurement errors of the measuring instruments in the prior art.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 3is a schematic diagram of the structure of another monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, an insulating rod 210 is also disposed in the second cavity, and the temperature sensor 150 includes a thermistor disposed on the insulating rod 210. The monitor also includes an attitude meter 280, which is mounted on the top of the insulating rod 210 and is used to measure the attitude of the monitor.

[0033] In this embodiment, the insulating rod 210 is made of insulating material and has no heat exchange with the surrounding environment, which can reduce heat transfer and improve the accuracy of temperature detection. The attitude meter is a device for measuring the attitude and motion trajectory of an object in space. For example, the attitude meter uses an electronic compass instrument or a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) accelerometer. Exemplarily, a groove is provided on the insulating rod 210, and 5 thermistors are installed equidistantly in the groove. The data obtained by the 5 thermistors and the attitude meter can be used to calculate the geothermal gradient through a univariate linear simulation. The attitude meter can also be used to correct the geothermal gradient, wherein the geothermal gradient refers to the growth rate of the earth's stratum temperature that is not affected by the atmospheric temperature as the depth increases, and represents the parameter of the degree of uneven distribution of the earth's internal temperature.

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the circuit board structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the circuit board includes an analog measurement module 310, a main control module 320 and a power supply module 330. The analog measurement module 310 is connected to the differential pressure sensor 140 and the temperature sensor 150, the main control module 320 is connected to the analog measurement module 310, and the power supply module 330 is connected to the main control module 320 and the analog measurement module 310. The analog measurement module 310 is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal respectively and then output a digital signal. The main control module 320 is used to perform data processing according to the digital signal, and the power supply module 330 is used to supply power to the analog measurement module 310 and the main control module 320.

[0035] In this embodiment, the analog measurement module 310 is a module that performs high-precision measurement of differential pressure signals and temperature signals and performs analog-to-digital conversion. The main control module 320 is a module that realizes functions such as data collection, data compression, data storage, system master control, and host computer communication interface control. The power supply module 330 can output constant current and voltage and has high stability.

[0036] Specifically, the analog measurement module 310 includes a first bridge circuit 311, a second bridge circuit 312, a first noise reduction matching unit 313, a second noise reduction matching unit 314, a first analog-to-digital conversion unit 315 and a second analog-to-digital conversion unit 316. The first bridge circuit 311, the first noise reduction matching unit 313 and the first analog-to-digital conversion unit 315 are connected in series between the differential pressure sensor 140 and the main control module 320, and the second bridge circuit 312, the second noise reduction matching unit 314 and the second analog-to-digital conversion unit 316 are connected in series between the temperature sensor 150 and the main control module 320.

[0037] Exemplarily, 5 channels are used for temperature signal acquisition, and 2 channels are used for differential pressure signal acquisition. The first bridge circuit 311 is a pressure measuring bridge circuit, and the second bridge circuit 312 is a temperature measuring bridge circuit. The core of the bridge measurement principle is to use the bridge balance condition to measure the value of unknown resistance, inductance or capacitance. For example, the second bridge circuit 312 can measure the change in the resistance of thermistor in the temperature sensor with temperature. The first bridge circuit can convert the weak signal output by the differential pressure sensor into a voltage signal, and the second bridge circuit can convert the temperature signal output by the temperature sensor and output an electrical signal. The first noise reduction matching unit and the second noise reduction matching unit can realize accurate extraction of weak signals, as well as the functions of noise suppression and signal matching. The first analog-to-digital conversion unit and the second analog-to-digital conversion unit both use 24-bit analog-to-digital converters to realize the digitization of electrical signals and transmit digital signals to the main control module 320. The main control module 320 is composed of a microcontroller (MCU), a large-capacity data storage device and a time-based circuit. The core components use a high-performance, multi-channel, low-energy MCU, and a high-resolution A / D converter is integrated inside the MCU. The large-capacity data storage uses FLASH memory, which has the characteristics of small size, large capacity, and random access. The stored data can be kept for decades without loss, and it is stable and reliable. The MCU has a clock function, and no external clock chip is required. It has multiple alarm functions, timer functions, clock output functions, and interrupt output functions, and can complete various complex timing services. The MCU is equipped with a hardware watchdog, and the system can be automatically reset when a system failure occurs.

[0038] Continue to refer Figure 4 The power module 330 includes a charge and discharge control unit 331, a lithium battery 332 and a reference voltage output unit 333. The charge and discharge control unit 331 is connected between the lithium battery 332 and the reference voltage output unit 333. The reference voltage output unit 333 is connected to the analog measurement module 310. The charge and discharge control unit 331 is used to control the lithium battery 332 to supply power to the reference voltage output unit 333. The reference voltage output unit 333 is used to provide a reference voltage for the analog measurement module 310.

[0039] In this embodiment, the power module 330 is a power supply module inside the monitor, and the monitor can be powered by both external power supply and internal power supply. External power supply means that the external power supply module supplies power to the monitor through a cable, and the external power supply module supplies power to the analog measurement module through a reference voltage output unit. When the external power supply is disconnected, the lithium battery 332 replaces the external power supply to provide power to the system, and the charge and discharge control unit 331 is connected to the lithium battery 332 to control the charging or discharging working state of the lithium battery 332. By setting up multiple rechargeable and dischargeable lithium batteries, the system can be provided with a longer power supply endurance, which can overcome the problem that the monitor in the prior art cannot monitor for a long time. Referring to the above embodiment, due to the change of external temperature and differential pressure, the resistance value of the thermistor changes and the pressure-sensitive element of the differential pressure sensor changes. Different resistance values ​​and pressure-sensitive element changes correspond to different voltages. The reference voltage output unit provides a standard corresponding voltage reference for the subtle changes in the resistance value of the thermistor and the pressure-sensitive element of the differential pressure sensor to obtain high-precision and high-resolution temperature and differential pressure data.

[0040] On the basis of the above embodiments, the main control module 320 can also monitor the power supply voltage and the attitude meter. The attitude meter uses an electronic compass instrument and a MEMS accelerometer to obtain the inclination data of the three-dimensional space. For example, if the main control module 320 detects that the monitor is inverted or not inserted into the seabed sediment, it will control the temperature sensor and the differential pressure sensor to stop working. The main control module 320 records the received temperature signal data, differential pressure signal data and attitude meter detection data into the FLASH memory. Without disassembling the pressure cabin, the external system can be controlled and communicated through the RS232 serial port protocol, including the setting of system internal parameters and the timing sampling control of the subsystem. The external system can download the real-time or timing data and monitoring data stored in the Flash memory through the USB protocol, which is convenient for data reading and solves the problem of high operating costs caused by the need for photoelectric composite cables for real-time signal transmission in the prior art.

[0041] Based on the above embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The monitor also includes a water inlet 220, a water-permeable net (not shown in the figure), a sharp cone 230, a sealed welded pipe (not shown in the figure), a probe rod retaining ring 240, an anode column 250, a lifting ring 260 and a frame 270. The water inlet 220 is arranged at the top of the first cavity, and the water-permeable net is arranged on the outer wall of the first cavity. The sharp cone is arranged at the bottom of the outer probe rod 110, and the sharp cone is used to guide the insertion into the seabed sediment. The sealed welded pipe is used to connect the outer probe rod 110 and the pressure-resistant cabin 120. The probe rod retaining ring 240 is fixed on the outer probe rod 110, and the anode column 250 is arranged on the upper surface of the pressure-resistant cabin 120. The lifting ring 260 is fixed to the frame 270 and installed on the pressure-resistant cabin.

[0042] In this embodiment, two differential pressure sensors are installed in the middle and bottom of the differential pressure measurement area (i.e., the first cavity), one side of the differential pressure sensor is at the water-permeable net of the outer probe rod, and the other side is at the partition. Correspondingly, two water-permeable nets are arranged on the outer wall of the first cavity. The differential pressure sensor detects the difference between the interstitial water pressure of the seabed sediment (flowing in through the water-permeable net) and the hydrostatic pressure of the seabed (flowing in through the water inlet 220). This embodiment uses a differential pressure sensor to measure the pressure change law of the cold spring activity area. Compared with the pressure sensor in the prior art, it can eliminate the errors caused by surges and tides, making the measurement data more accurate. The pointed cone 230 can be guided to insert into the seabed sediment, and can be inserted into the preset position more accurately than the prior art, solving the problem that the design position cannot be accurately inserted in the prior art. The probe rod retaining ring 240 can be fixed on the outer probe rod by screws to ensure that the probe rod is inserted into the appropriate depth. Three sacrificial anodes are added to the pressure-resistant cabin. Since the equipment works on the seabed for a long time, seawater corrosion will first corrode the sacrificial anodes, which can prevent the equipment from being corroded by seawater. The monitor in this embodiment can be placed on the seabed by an ROV (Remote-Operated Vehicle) manipulator (the ROV manipulator is connected to a lifting ring). Compared with the prior art, the monitor provided by this embodiment is smaller in size and lower in cost. The ROV manipulator can deploy multiple monitors to achieve networked monitoring, which solves the problems in the prior art that the monitors are large in size and weight, inconvenient to release from the deck, and the inability to achieve networked monitoring by deploying a single device with a cable.

[0043] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0044] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring instrument, characterized in that: It includes an external probe rod, a pressure chamber, a partition, a differential pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; The partition is arranged inside the outer probe, and the partition is used to divide the inner cavity of the outer probe into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the outer probe is used to be inserted into the seabed sediment; The differential pressure sensor is arranged in the first cavity and connected to the circuit board, the temperature sensor is arranged in the second cavity and connected to the circuit board, the differential pressure sensor is used to output a differential pressure signal, and the temperature sensor is used to output a temperature signal; The pressure-resistant cabin is arranged on the top of the outer probe rod, and a circuit board is arranged inside the pressure-resistant cabin. The circuit board is used to monitor the seabed sediment according to the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal.

2. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating rod is also arranged in the second cavity, and the temperature sensor comprises a thermistor, which is arranged on the insulating rod.

3. The monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an attitude meter, which is installed on the top of the insulation rod and is used to measure the attitude of the monitoring instrument.

4. The monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The circuit board includes an analog measurement module, a main control module and a power supply module. The analog measurement module is connected to the differential pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, the main control module is connected to the analog measurement module, and the power supply module is connected to the main control module and the analog measurement module. The analog measurement module is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the differential pressure signal and the temperature signal respectively and then output a digital signal. The main control module is used to perform data processing according to the digital signal, and the power supply module is used to supply power to the analog measurement module and the main control module.

5. The monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analog measurement module includes a first bridge circuit, a second bridge circuit, a first noise reduction matching unit, a second noise reduction matching unit, a first analog-to-digital conversion unit, and a second analog-to-digital conversion unit. The first bridge circuit, the first noise reduction matching unit, and the first analog-to-digital conversion unit are connected in series between the differential pressure sensor and the main control module, and the second bridge circuit, the second noise reduction matching unit, and the second analog-to-digital conversion unit are connected in series between the temperature sensor and the main control module.

6. The monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power supply module includes a charge and discharge control unit, a lithium battery and a reference voltage output unit, wherein the charge and discharge control unit is connected between the lithium battery and the reference voltage output unit, the reference voltage output unit is connected to the analog measurement module, the charge and discharge control unit is used to control the lithium battery to supply power to the reference voltage output unit, and the reference voltage output unit is used to provide a reference voltage for the analog measurement module.

7. The monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water inlet and a water permeable net, wherein the water inlet is arranged on the top of the first cavity, and the water permeable net is arranged on the outer wall of the first cavity.

8. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pointed cone, which is arranged at the bottom of the outer probe rod and is used for guiding the insertion into the seabed sediment.

9. The monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing welded pipe, which is used to connect the outer probe rod and the pressure-resistant cabin.

10. The monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a probe rod retaining ring and an anode column. The probe rod retaining ring is fixed on the outer probe rod, and the anode column is arranged on the upper surface of the pressure cabin.

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