Low-frequency vibration energy collection device and method based on mechanical frequency raising structure and application of low-frequency vibration energy collection device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-frequency vibration energy collection device and method based on a mechanical frequency raising structure and application, and belongs to the technical field of vibration energy collection. The problems that an ordinary friction nanometer generator is insufficient in output performance, and friction layer materials are inconvenient to replace are solved. The device comprises a connecting mechanism and an energy collecting mechanism. The energy collection mechanism comprises a shell, and a first friction unit and a second friction unit with opposite frictional charges are arranged in the shell; the energy collecting mechanism further comprises a transmission mechanism connected with the connecting mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is used for converting linear motion into rotary motion. The transmission mechanism is connected with a driving mechanism used for driving the first friction unit and the second friction unit to make contact and separation alternately. The transmission mechanism is further connected with an energy storage mechanism used for storing vertical excitation dissipation energy. According to the invention, low-frequency vibration energy can be converted into high-frequency input through the frequency raising structure, and the output performance of the friction nanometer generator can be more effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vibration energy collection, and in particular relates to a low-frequency vibration energy collection device, method and application based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rise of intelligent transportation systems, rail transit systems require a large number of sensors and equipment to detect the status of devices and collect data, which puts higher requirements on the self-power supply capability of rail transit systems.

[0003] The various mechanical vibrations, frictions and impacts generated by trains in rail transit systems during operation provide a rich source of energy for energy harvesting. However, the vibration frequency generated by the track during train operation is low, which makes the vibration energy collected by the vibration energy harvester extremely limited, making it difficult to provide sufficient power for wireless sensor nodes. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem in the prior art that the vibration frequency generated by the track during the operation of the train is low, which makes the vibration energy collected by the vibration energy harvester extremely limited and difficult to provide sufficient power for the wireless sensor nodes, the present invention provides a low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device, method and application based on a mechanical up-conversion structure.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure includes a connecting mechanism for connecting to a vibration source and an energy harvesting mechanism connected to the connecting mechanism;

[0007] The energy harvesting mechanism comprises a shell, a first friction unit and a second friction unit are arranged in the shell, and the friction charges carried by the first friction unit and the second friction unit are opposite;

[0008] The energy harvesting mechanism further comprises a transmission mechanism connected to the connecting mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism is used to convert the linear motion into the rotational motion;

[0009] The transmission mechanism is connected to a driving mechanism for driving the first friction unit and the second friction unit to perform contact and separation alternating movements;

[0010] The transmission mechanism is also connected to an energy storage mechanism for storing vertical excitation dissipated energy, and the energy storage mechanism is used to drive the transmission mechanism to perform a reset movement.

[0011] After adopting this technical solution, the vibration energy from the vibration source is received by connecting the connection mechanism to the vibration source, and the connection mechanism transmits the received vibration energy to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism then transmits the energy to the driving mechanism, and the first friction unit and the second friction unit with opposite friction charges are driven by the driving mechanism to perform contact and separation movements. When the first friction unit and the second friction unit contact and separate, an induced current is formed, so after the first friction unit and the second friction unit complete one contact and separation, the power output is completed. The energy storage mechanism connected to the transmission mechanism ensures that the device can achieve multiple movements by relying on its own inertia force after one excitation at an ultra-low frequency vibration frequency, so the energy storage mechanism improves the energy utilization efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the cavity in the shell is a hollow cylindrical shape, the first friction unit is a first friction layer arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and the first friction layer is an annular structure;

[0013] The second friction unit comprises a plurality of circular arc plates movably arranged in the housing, and the outer arc surfaces of the circular arc plates are provided with a second friction layer.

[0014] After adopting this technical solution, when the transmission mechanism moves, the driving mechanism drives the arc plate to move, so that the first friction layer and the second friction layer produce contact and separation movement. The cavity in the shell is a hollow cylinder, and the second friction unit is provided with a plurality of arc plates to match it, so that the first friction layer and the second friction layer can collide and separate better.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a threaded sleeve arranged in a housing, the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected with a screw, an extension hole cooperating with the screw is provided on the housing, and one end of the screw is connected to the connecting mechanism through the extension hole.

[0016] After adopting this technical solution, the screw is subjected to external vertical linear excitation transmitted by the connecting mechanism, causing it to move vertically downward along the axial direction, and the threaded sleeve is rotated under the action of the friction force of the spiral surface, thereby converting linear motion into rotational motion.

[0017] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a plurality of tile-shaped magnets uniformly arranged circumferentially around the threaded sleeve, the inner arc surface of each of the arc plates is provided with a square magnet cooperating with the tile-shaped magnet, the tile-shaped magnets and the square magnets correspond one to one, the magnetism of two adjacent tile-shaped magnets is opposite, and the magnetism of two adjacent square magnets is opposite.

[0018] After adopting this technical solution, the tile-shaped magnet on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve rotates with it, and the balance between the tile-shaped magnet and the square magnet is destroyed, pushing the first friction layer on the arc plate to collide with the second friction layer along a predetermined track. After turning a certain angle, an attractive force is generated between the magnets, causing the two friction layers to separate, completing a contact separation. Specifically, the tile-shaped magnet has a single magnetic property when facing the square magnet after magnetization, and the square magnet also has a single magnetic property when facing the threaded sleeve after magnetization. The magnetic properties of the square magnet and the tile-shaped magnet are opposite, so they can attract and fit each other at this time. After the threaded sleeve rotates, the tile-shaped magnet fixed on it rotates accordingly, and the magnetic properties of the opposite square magnet remain unchanged. However, due to the rotation of the tile-shaped magnet, the magnetic properties of the opposite square magnet change. At this time, the attraction and repulsion will appear alternately, so that the square magnet and the tile-shaped magnet can make contact and separation movements through the alternation of repulsion and attraction.

[0019] Preferably, the energy storage mechanism includes a spring mounting seat arranged on the base bracket, on which an energy storage spring is arranged, one end of the energy storage spring is fixedly sleeved on the spring mounting seat, and the other end of the screw rod extends from the shell and contacts the energy storage spring.

[0020] Preferably, a fixing plate with a plurality of balls is arranged between the top of the threaded sleeve and the inner top wall of the shell and between the bottom of the threaded sleeve and the inner bottom wall of the shell, and annular grooves cooperating with the balls are arranged on the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the shell.

[0021] After adopting this technical solution, the top and bottom of the threaded sleeve are positioned by the balls and the fixed plate, and this structure reduces the friction between the threaded sleeve and the housing when it rotates.

[0022] Preferably, rotatable polyurethane bearings are provided on the top and bottom of the arc plate, and the polyurethane bearings are rollingly connected to the top wall and the bottom wall of the shell.

[0023] After adopting this technical solution, the polyurethane bearing moves as a roller. The polyurethane bearing is composed of a bearing and a polyurethane layer. The bearing acts as a roller to reduce the energy loss during the movement of the arc plate.

[0024] Preferably, the connection mechanism comprises a fixing rod connected to the transmission mechanism, the fixing rod is provided with a thread, the thread is connected with a nut, and two clamping assemblies are slidably provided on the fixing rod;

[0025] The clamping assembly includes a clamping body threadedly connected to the fixing rod, the clamping body includes a connecting block, the connecting block is provided with a connecting assembly connected to the track, the connecting assembly includes a fixing block and a slider arranged on the body, a first threaded cylinder and a second threaded cylinder are arranged between the fixing block and the slider, and a clamping spring is sleeved on the first threaded cylinder and the second threaded cylinder.

[0026] After adopting this technical solution, the vibration source can be clamped between the fixed block and the sliding block, and the clamping position can be adjusted by the spring.

[0027] A low-frequency vibration energy collection method based on a mechanical up-frequency structure is performed by a low-frequency vibration energy collection device based on a mechanical up-frequency structure, and includes the following steps:

[0028] Step A: Connecting the connecting mechanism to the vibration source;

[0029] Step B: receiving vertical linear excitation from the vibration source through the connecting mechanism, so that the transmission mechanism has a tendency to move vertically downward, and the transmission mechanism converts the vertical downward linear motion into rotational motion;

[0030] Step C: The transmission mechanism drives the driving mechanism to move, thereby driving the first friction unit and the second friction unit to perform contact and separation alternating movements through the driving mechanism. The first friction unit and the second friction unit are contacted and separated to move electric charges, generate a potential difference, and thus generate an alternating current to generate electricity;

[0031] Step D: During the movement of the transmission mechanism, the energy storage mechanism stores the vertical excitation dissipated energy to ensure that it can achieve multiple movements by relying on its own inertia force after one vertical linear excitation at an ultra-low frequency vibration frequency, thereby completing multiple power generation.

[0032] A low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure is applied in harvesting low-frequency vibration energy of railway tracks.

[0033] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. Due to the diversity and lightness of the materials available for the triboelectric nanogenerator, it can work in various environments and is suitable for the special environment of rail transit. Through this technology, the present invention collects and converts the vibration energy of the track during train operation in real time, providing important data support for railway operations.

[0035] 2. The present invention performs two frequency up-conversions, one is the process of the transmission mechanism converting linear motion into rotational motion, and the other is the process of the reciprocating motion of the first friction unit under the action of the magnet. The low-frequency vibration energy can be converted into high-frequency input through the frequency up-conversion structure, which can more effectively improve the output performance of the friction nanogenerator.

[0036] 3. The present invention receives vibration energy from the vibration source by connecting the connection mechanism to the vibration source, and the connection mechanism transmits the received vibration energy to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism then transmits the energy to the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism drives the first friction unit and the second friction unit with opposite friction charges to perform contact and separation movements. When the first friction unit and the second friction unit contact and separate, an induced current is formed, so after the first friction unit and the second friction unit complete one contact and separation, one power output is completed. The energy storage mechanism connected to the transmission mechanism ensures that the device can achieve multiple movements by relying on its own inertia force after one excitation at an ultra-low frequency vibration frequency, so the energy storage mechanism improves the energy utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at a first angle when the present invention is applied on a track;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at a second angle when the present invention is applied on a track;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing in a top view of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing in the front view of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in a front view when a polyurethane bearing is arranged on the arc plate of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in a top view when a polyurethane bearing is provided on the arc plate of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in the case where the arc plate is not provided with a polyurethane bearing in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping assembly in the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the clamping assembly of the present invention is not provided with a spring;

[0046] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the base support in the present invention;

[0047] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the threaded sleeve in the present invention;

[0048] Fig.12It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the screw and the cover of the shell in the present invention;

[0049] Among them, 1-connecting mechanism, 101-clamping assembly, 1011-connecting block, 1012-slider, 1013-fixed block, 1014-first threaded cylinder, 1015-second threaded cylinder, 1016-clamping spring, 102-fixing rod, 201-screw, 202-threaded sleeve, 3-shell, 301-cover, 302-cylinder, 4-base bracket, 501-energy storage spring, 502-spring mounting seat, 6-driving mechanism, 601-tile magnet, 602-square magnet, 7-second friction unit, 701-arc plate, 702-polyurethane bearing, 703-rotating shaft, 704-second friction layer, 8-ball, 9-fixed disk, 10-first friction unit, 11-track, 12-buckle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1-12As shown, a low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure includes a connecting mechanism 1 for connecting to a vibration source and an energy harvesting mechanism connected to the connecting mechanism 1; it should be noted that those skilled in the art can install the device on any vibration source for collecting vibration energy as needed, and this embodiment takes a railway track as an example;

[0054] The energy harvesting mechanism comprises a housing 3, in which a first friction unit 10 and a second friction unit 7 are arranged, and the friction charges carried by the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 7 are opposite; the energy harvesting mechanism also comprises a transmission mechanism connected to the connection mechanism 1, and the transmission mechanism is used to convert linear motion into rotational motion;

[0055] The transmission mechanism is connected to a driving mechanism 6 for driving the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 7 to perform contact and separation alternating movements;

[0056] The transmission mechanism is also connected to an energy storage mechanism for storing vertical excitation dissipated energy, and the energy storage mechanism is used to drive the transmission mechanism to perform a reset movement.

[0057] In this embodiment, the cavity in the housing 3 is a hollow cylindrical shape, the first friction unit 10 is a first friction layer arranged on the inner wall of the housing 3, and the first friction layer is an annular structure;

[0058] like Figure 3-7 As shown, the second friction unit 7 includes several circular plates 701 movably arranged in the housing 3, each circular plate 701 can be spliced ​​to form a ring, and the outer arc surface of the circular plate 701 is provided with a second friction layer 704. In this embodiment, the material of the first friction layer is copper, and the material of the second friction layer 704 is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The material thickness of the first friction layer and the second friction layer 704 is 1mm. The first friction layer is subjected to surface modification treatment. By rubbing the copper surface, extremely fine oxygen-rich copper nanoparticles are formed on its surface to change its surface properties, so as to improve the friction effect of the friction layer or enhance the electrostatic effect; the second friction layer 704 is subjected to high-voltage polarization treatment to increase the surface charge density of the friction layer. The inner diameter of the circular plate 701 is 210mm, and the outer diameter is 250mm. In this embodiment, the second friction layer 704 and the first friction layer are both provided with six pieces. When the threaded sleeve 202 rotates one circle, the second friction layer 704 and the first friction layer can be driven to perform three separation contact movements.

[0059] In this embodiment, Figure 11-12As shown, the transmission mechanism includes a threaded sleeve 202 disposed in the housing 3, the threaded sleeve 202 is threadedly connected with a screw 201, and the top and bottom of the housing 3 are provided with extension holes (Φ51mm) that match the screw 201, and one end of the screw 201 is connected to the connecting mechanism 1 through the extension hole. The size of the screw 201 is Φ50mm×400mm, and the thread size on the screw 201 is M50. The size of the threaded sleeve 202 is Φ70mm×195mm, and the internal thread structure. In this embodiment, when the screw 201 runs one pitch, the threaded sleeve 202 rotates one circle.

[0060] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the driving mechanism 6 includes several tile-shaped magnets 601 uniformly arranged around the threaded sleeve 202, and the inner arc surface of each arc plate 701 is provided with a square magnet 602 that matches the tile-shaped magnet 601. The tile-shaped magnet 601 corresponds to the square magnet 602 one by one, and the magnetism between two adjacent tile-shaped magnets 601 is opposite, and the magnetism between two adjacent square magnets 602 is opposite. The size of the tile-shaped magnet 601 is 70mm in inner diameter, 90mm in outer diameter, and 30mm in height, and the size of the square magnet 602 is 60mm×10mm×100mm. The square magnet 602 in this embodiment is fixedly arranged on the arc plate 701, and in other embodiments, a placement groove can also be arranged on the arc plate 701, and then the square magnet 602 is limited in the placement groove by using the buckle 12 (one end of the long strip buckle is hinged with the arc plate 701, and the other end is provided with a clamp head that matches the clamping groove on the arc plate 701).

[0061] In this embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, the housing 3 further includes a base support 4, the energy storage mechanism includes a spring mounting seat 502 disposed on the base support 4, an energy storage spring 501 is disposed on the spring mounting seat 502, one end of the energy storage spring 501 is fixedly sleeved on the spring mounting seat 502, and the other end of the screw rod 201 extends from the housing 3 and contacts the energy storage spring 501. The energy storage spring 501 has a middle diameter of Φ30 mm, a steel wire diameter of 5 mm, and a free height of 50 mm.

[0062] In this embodiment, Figure 8-9 As shown, the connecting mechanism 1 includes a fixing rod 102 threadedly connected to the screw rod 201, the fixing rod 102 is provided with a thread, the thread is connected with a nut, and two clamping assemblies 101 are slidably provided on the fixing rod 102; the size of the fixing rod is Φ10mm×400mm, and a nut is provided on the fixing rod 102 to limit the connection between the fixing rod 102, the screw rod 201 and the clamping assembly 101, so that the clamping assembly 101 is fixed on the fixing rod 102, and the fixing rod 102 is fixed on the screw rod 201.

[0063] The clamping assembly 101 includes a clamping body threadedly connected to the fixing rod 102, the clamping body includes a connecting block 1011, the connecting block 1011 is provided with a connecting assembly connected to the track, the connecting assembly includes a fixing block 1013 and a slider 1012 provided on the body, a first threaded cylinder 1014 and a second threaded cylinder 1015 are provided between the fixing block 1013 and the slider 1012, specifically, the first threaded cylinder 1014 is fixed on the fixing block 1013, the second threaded cylinder 1015 is fixed on the slider 1012, and a clamping spring 1016 is sleeved between the first threaded cylinder 1014 and the second threaded cylinder On 1015, the two ends of the clamping spring 1016 can be connected to the first threaded cylinder 1014 and the second threaded cylinder 1015 respectively as needed, and can also be connected to the fixed block 1013 and the slider 1012 respectively. Of course, the clamping spring 1016 can also be directly mounted on the first threaded cylinder 1014 and the second threaded cylinder 1015 without being connected to other objects, so that the clamping spring 1016 abuts against the fixed block 1013 and the slider 1012; when the slider 1012 moves toward the fixed block 1013, the clamping spring 1016 is squeezed, and the clamping spring 1016 gives the slider 1012 a reverse thrust, thereby achieving a clamping effect.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that: Figure 11-12 As shown, a fixed disk 9 with several balls 8 is arranged between the top of the threaded sleeve 202 and the inner top wall of the housing 3 and between the bottom of the threaded sleeve 202 and the inner bottom wall of the housing 3. The inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the housing 3 are provided with annular grooves that match the balls 8. The size of the fixed disk 9 is 50mm in inner diameter, 70mm in outer diameter, and 2mm in height. There are 6 holes of Φ7mm evenly distributed on it. The balls 8 are rotatably arranged in each hole. The size of the balls 8 on the fixed disk 9 is SΦ7mm. The size of the top and bottom of the threaded sleeve 202 that match the fixed disk 9 is 56mm in inner diameter, 63mm in outer diameter, and 2.25mm in depth. The top and bottom of the threaded sleeve 202 are positioned by the balls 8 and the fixed disk 9, and this structure reduces the friction between the threaded sleeve 202 and the housing 3 when it rotates.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1 or 2, except that: Figure 5-6As shown, the top and bottom of the arc plate 701 are both provided with rotatable polyurethane bearings 702, and the polyurethane bearings 702 are rollingly connected with the top and bottom walls of the housing 3. The polyurethane bearing 702 is PU10mm×26mm×10mm, which is composed of a bearing and a polyurethane layer. The top and bottom of the arc plate 701 are respectively provided with two grooves, and the bearings are rotatably connected in the grooves through a rotating shaft 703, and the size of the rotating shaft 703 is Φ10mm×20mm. The inner bottom wall and the inner top wall of the housing 3 are provided with tracks 12 (such as Fig.12 As shown in FIG. 1 , the track 12 has a size of 12.5 mm×31.5 mm, and the polyurethane bearing 702 is disposed in the track 12 and can roll in the track 12. The track 12 can limit the random movement of the arc plate 701. The polyurethane bearing 702 is disposed to reduce the friction between the arc plate 701 and the housing 3 when the arc plate 701 moves, thereby reducing energy loss.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, 2 or 3, except that: Fig.12 As shown, in this embodiment, the shell 3, the cover body 301 and the cylinder body 302 are composed. The size of the cover body 301 is Φ300mm×15mm. The cover body 301 is provided with several buckles, and the cylinder body 302 is provided with a slot that cooperates with the buckle. The cover body 301 and the cylinder body 302 can be detachably connected through the buckle cooperation of the slot, so as to facilitate the inspection of the status inside the device and facilitate maintenance.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] like Figure 1-12 As shown, a low-frequency vibration energy harvesting method based on a mechanical up-conversion structure is performed by a low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical up-conversion structure described in any one of Examples 1-4, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step A: A clamping assembly 101 is respectively arranged below both sides of the track. The two clamping assemblies 101 are connected by a fixing rod 102 arranged below the track. A nut is respectively arranged on the side of the two clamping assemblies 101 on the fixing rod 102 away from the track. The two clamping assemblies 101 are respectively abutted against both sides of the track by rotating the nuts on both sides. Since the clamping assemblies 101 and the fixing rod 102 are both arranged below the track, the normal use of the track will not be affected. The distance between the slider 1012 and the fixing block 1013 can be changed by moving the slider 1012. The track can be clamped between the fixing block 1013 and the slider 1012. The clamping position can be adjusted by the clamping spring 1016.

[0073] Step B: During the operation of the train, the track vibrates, and the clamping assembly 101 receives vertical linear excitation from the track, so that the screw 201 tends to move vertically downward, and the threaded sleeve 202 rotates under the friction of the spiral surface;

[0074] Step C: After magnetization, the tile-shaped magnet 601 has a single magnetic property when facing the square magnet 602. After magnetization, the square magnet 602 also has a single magnetic property when facing the threaded sleeve 202. The magnetic properties of the square magnet 602 and the tile-shaped magnet 601 are opposite, so they can attract and fit each other. At this time, the first friction layer and the second friction layer 704 are in a separated state. After the threaded sleeve 202 rotates, the tile-shaped magnet 601 fixed thereon rotates accordingly, and the magnetism of the opposite square magnet 602 remains unchanged and does not move. Since the magnetism between two adjacent tile-shaped magnets 601 is opposite, and the magnetism between two adjacent square magnets 602 is opposite, when the tile-shaped magnet 601 rotates, the adjacent tile-shaped magnet 601 will be opposite to the square magnet 602, and the magnetism between the tile-shaped magnet 601 and the square magnet 602 becomes the same, thereby changing from attraction to repulsion, thereby pushing the arc plate 701 to move, causing the first friction layer and the second friction layer 704 to contact and collide, completing a contact separation, thereby causing the movement of charges, generating a potential difference, and generating an alternating current for power generation;

[0075] Step D: The energy storage spring 501 at the bottom of the screw 201 will store the energy dissipated by the vertical excitation. After reaching the maximum vibration distance, the energy is released to push the screw 201 to move vertically in the opposite direction. The threaded sleeve 202 rotates in the opposite direction. The force between the tile magnet 601 and the square magnet 602 is used to make the friction layer make contact and separation movements again, thereby achieving the effect of multiple friction power generation.

[0076] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure, characterized in that: It comprises a connection mechanism (1) for connecting to a vibration source and an energy collection mechanism connected to the connection mechanism (1); The energy harvesting mechanism comprises a housing (3), a first friction unit (10) and a second friction unit (7) are arranged in the housing (3), and the friction charges carried by the first friction unit (10) and the second friction unit (7) are opposite; The energy harvesting mechanism further comprises a transmission mechanism connected to the connecting mechanism (1), wherein the transmission mechanism is used to convert linear motion into rotational motion; The transmission mechanism is connected to a driving mechanism (6) for driving the first friction unit (10) and the second friction unit (7) to perform contact and separation alternating movements; The transmission mechanism is also connected to an energy storage mechanism for storing vertical excitation dissipated energy, and the energy storage mechanism is used to drive the transmission mechanism to perform a reset movement.

2. The low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cavity in the shell (3) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, the first friction unit (10) is a first friction layer arranged on the inner wall of the shell (3), and the first friction layer is an annular structure; The second friction unit (7) comprises a plurality of circular arc plates (701) movably arranged in the housing (3), and the outer arc surfaces of the circular arc plates (701) are provided with a second friction layer (704).

3. The low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises a threaded sleeve (202) arranged in a housing (3), the threaded sleeve (202) being threadedly connected to a screw rod (201), the housing (3) being provided with an extension hole cooperating with the screw rod (201), and one end of the screw rod (201) being connected to the connection mechanism (1) via the extension hole.

4. The low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism (6) comprises a plurality of tile-shaped magnets (601) uniformly arranged circumferentially around a threaded sleeve (202); the inner arc surface of each of the arc plates (701) is provided with a square magnet (602) that cooperates with the tile-shaped magnet (601); the tile-shaped magnets (601) and the square magnets (602) correspond one to one; the magnetism of two adjacent tile-shaped magnets (601) is opposite; and the magnetism of two adjacent square magnets (602) is opposite.

5. The low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a base support (4), the energy storage mechanism comprising a spring mounting seat (502) arranged on the base support (4), an energy storage spring (501) being arranged on the spring mounting seat (502), one end of the energy storage spring (501) being fixedly sleeved on the spring mounting seat (502), and the other end of the screw rod (201) extending from the housing (3) and contacting the energy storage spring (501).

6. The low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: A fixing plate (9) with a plurality of balls (8) is arranged between the top of the threaded sleeve (202) and the inner top wall of the shell (3), and between the bottom of the threaded sleeve (202) and the inner bottom wall of the shell (3). An annular groove cooperating with the balls (8) is arranged on the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the shell (3).

7. The low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the arc plate (701) are both provided with rotatable polyurethane bearings (702), and the polyurethane bearings (702) are rollingly connected to the top wall and the bottom wall of the housing (3).

8. The low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The connection mechanism (1) comprises a fixing rod (102) connected to the transmission mechanism, the fixing rod (102) is provided with a thread, the thread is connected with a nut, and two clamping assemblies (101) are slidably provided on the fixing rod (102); The clamping assembly (101) comprises a clamping body threadedly connected to a fixing rod (102), the clamping body comprising a connecting block (1011), the connecting block (1011) being provided with a connecting assembly connected to a track, the connecting assembly comprising a fixing block (1013) and a sliding block (1012) provided on the body, a first threaded cylinder (1014) and a second threaded cylinder (1015) being provided between the fixing block (1013) and the sliding block (1012), and a clamping spring (1016) being sleeved on the first threaded cylinder (1014) and the second threaded cylinder (1015).

9. A low-frequency vibration energy collection method based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure, characterized in that: The method is carried out by using the low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on the mechanical up-conversion structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: Step A: connecting the connecting mechanism (1) to the vibration source; Step B: receiving vertical linear excitation from the vibration source through the connection mechanism (1), so that the transmission mechanism has a tendency to move vertically downward, and the transmission mechanism converts the vertical downward linear motion into rotational motion; Step C: the transmission mechanism drives the driving mechanism (6) to move, thereby driving the first friction unit (10) and the second friction unit (7) to perform contact and separation alternating movements through the driving mechanism (6). The contact and separation of the first friction unit (10) and the second friction unit (7) causes the movement of electric charges, generates a potential difference, and thus generates an alternating current to generate electricity; Step D: During the movement of the transmission mechanism, the energy storage mechanism stores the vertical excitation dissipated energy to ensure that it can achieve multiple movements by relying on its own inertia force after one vertical linear excitation at an ultra-low frequency vibration frequency, thereby completing multiple power generation.

10. Application of the low-frequency vibration energy harvesting device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 in harvesting low-frequency vibration energy of railway tracks.

Images