Liquid foliar fertilizer special for wheat and application method of liquid foliar fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid foliar fertilizer special for wheat and an application method. The fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 180-220 parts of enzymolysis seaweed liquid, 40-60 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 300-500 parts of enzymolysis compound amino acid liquid, 80-120 parts of mineral source potassium fulvate, 40-60 parts of EDTA magnesium, 40-60 parts of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 40-60 parts of EDTA zinc, 20-30 parts of EDTA iron, 20-30 parts of EDTA manganese, 20-30 parts of EDTA copper, 8-12 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 8-12 parts of propylene glycol and 4-6 parts of dodecyl betaine. The special liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat provided by the invention can effectively promote the root development of wheat, improve the photosynthesis of leaves, enhance the cold resistance, drought resistance, waterlogging resistance and dry and hot air resistance of wheat, and increase the yield and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting and relates to a liquid foliar fertilizer special for wheat and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to increase some understanding of the overall background of the invention, and should not be necessarily regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to ordinary technicians in this field.

[0003] Compared with other grain crops, wheat has the largest planting area and the highest total yield in the world. The annual wheat planting area in the world is generally around 3.4 billion mu, accounting for 32% of the world's total grain area (rice accounts for 20.8%, corn accounts for 18%); the total wheat output is about 570 million tons, accounting for 28.9% of the total grain output (rice 27.1%, corn 25.2%); the trade volume is 100 million tons, accounting for about 50% of the total grain trade; wheat provides 20.3% of the total protein consumed by humans, 18.6% of calories, and 11.1% of the total food, making it one of the main foods for humans. In recent years, with the increase in population, the transformation and upgrading of consumption, and the gradual reduction in wheat planting area, the contradiction between supply and demand has gradually emerged. Increasing wheat yield is the only effective way to solve the contradiction between supply and demand and ensure food security. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, a liquid foliar fertilizer specifically for wheat is provided, which can effectively promote the development of wheat root system, increase wheat yield and improve quality.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat is provided, which is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 180-220 parts of enzymatic seaweed liquid, 40-60 parts of chitosan oligosaccharides, 300-500 parts of enzymatic composite amino acid liquid, 80-120 parts of mineral potassium humate, 40-60 parts of EDTA magnesium, 40-60 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 40-60 parts of EDTA zinc, 20-30 parts of EDTA iron, 20-30 parts of EDTA manganese, 20-30 parts of EDTA copper, 8-12 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 8-12 parts of propylene glycol, and 4-6 parts of dodecyl betaine.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0009] 200 parts of enzymatic seaweed liquid, 50 parts of chitosan oligosaccharides, 400 parts of enzymatic composite amino acid liquid, 100 parts of mineral potassium humate, 50 parts of EDTA magnesium, 50 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 50 parts of EDTA zinc, 25 parts of EDTA iron, 25 parts of EDTA manganese, 25 parts of EDTA copper, 10 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 10 parts of propylene glycol, and 5 parts of lauryl betaine.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the enzymatically hydrolyzed seaweed liquid is obtained by the following method: using Ascophyllum nodosum as raw material, breaking the wall at low temperature, and then enzymatically hydrolyzing; the seaweed polysaccharide in the obtained enzymatically hydrolyzed seaweed liquid is ≥10g / L.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the chitosan oligosaccharide is obtained by the following method: using shrimp and crab shells as raw materials, extracting methylcellulose, preparing chitosan by deacetylation, and then enzymatically hydrolyzing it into chitosan oligosaccharide; the obtained chitosan oligosaccharide has a degree of polymerization of 10 to 20 and a molecular weight of ≤3000Da.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the enzymatically hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid is obtained by the following method: cowhide is selected as raw material, and amino acid liquid is obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis; free amino acids in the enzymatically hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid are ≥200 g / L.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the mineral source potassium humate is made from high-quality lignite from Xinjiang as raw material, with fulvic acid ≥50% and potassium oxide ≥10%.

[0014] By determining the nutrient requirements of wheat and the mechanism of action of each component, and through a large number of comparative tests on wheat, it was found that the effect of compounding seaweed liquid, amino acids, fulvic acid, chitosan oligosaccharides and trace elements in appropriate proportions is far better than the effect of using only one or several of the components.

[0015] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing the liquid wheat-specific foliar fertilizer is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] (1) Add 180-220 parts of enzymatic hydrolyzed seaweed liquid into a reaction kettle, add 300-500 parts of enzymatic hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid while stirring, and stir evenly;

[0017] (2) adding 4 to 6 parts of dodecyl betaine, stirring for 10 to 20 minutes, adding 40 to 60 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, stirring until completely dissolved;

[0018] (3) Add 40-60 parts of EDTA magnesium, 40-60 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 40-60 parts of EDTA zinc, 20-30 parts of EDTA iron, 20-30 parts of EDTA manganese, 20-30 parts of EDTA copper, and 8-12 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate in order, and stir until completely dissolved;

[0019] (4) Add 8 to 12 parts of propylene glycol, continue stirring, and filter to obtain liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat.

[0020] In a third aspect of the present invention, a method for applying the liquid wheat-specific foliar fertilizer is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] The liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat is sprayed on the leaves during the wheat emergence period, wheat heading period and wheat filling period; a suitable concentration is selected for spraying, the concentration can be appropriately increased for old seedlings and old leaves, and the concentration should be appropriately reduced for young seedlings and new leaves; the liquid foliar fertilizer is diluted 300-500 times for spraying, and a manual sprayer is used to spray the wheat leaves.

[0022] Compared with the related art known to the inventor, one of the technical solutions of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat provided by the present invention effectively promotes the development of wheat root system, improves leaf photosynthesis, enhances the wheat's ability to resist cold, drought, waterlogging and dry hot wind, and increases yield and quality. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations and / or combinations thereof.

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] Product Source:

[0028] Enzymatic hydrolysis of seaweed liquid: Use Ascophyllum nodosum as raw material, break the cell wall at low temperature, and then enzymatic hydrolyze, seaweed polysaccharide ≥10g / L. It can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0029] Chitosan oligosaccharide: Use shrimp and crab shells as raw materials to extract chitosan, deacetylate it to prepare chitosan, and then enzymatically hydrolyze it into chitosan oligosaccharide with a degree of polymerization of 10-20 and a molecular weight of ≤3000Da. It can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0030] Enzymatically hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid: cowhide is used as raw material, and amino acid liquid is obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis, with free amino acids ≥ 200g / L. It can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0031] Mineral source potassium fulvic acid: Use Xinjiang high-quality lignite as raw material, fulvic acid ≥ 50%, potassium oxide ≥ 10%. It can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0034] 200kg enzymatic seaweed liquid, 50kg chitosan oligosaccharide, 400kg enzymatic composite amino acid liquid, 100kg mineral potassium humate, 50kg EDTA magnesium, 50kg sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 50kg EDTA zinc, 25kg EDTA iron, 25kg EDTA manganese, 25kg EDTA copper, 10kg ammonium heptamolybdate, 10kg propylene glycol, 5kg dodecyl betaine.

[0035] The preparation method comprises: (1) adding 200 kg of enzymatic hydrolyzed seaweed liquid into a reaction kettle, adding 400 kg of enzymatic hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid while stirring, and stirring evenly.

[0036] (2) Add 5 kg of dodecyl betaine and stir for 15 minutes, then add 50 kg of chitosan oligosaccharide and stir until completely dissolved.

[0037] (3) Add 50 kg of EDTA magnesium, 50 kg of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 50 kg of EDTA zinc, 25 kg of EDTA iron, 25 kg of EDTA manganese, 25 kg of EDTA copper, and 10 kg of ammonium heptamolybdate in sequence and stir until completely dissolved.

[0038] (4) Add 10 kg of propylene glycol, continue stirring for 60 minutes, and then filter and divide the mixture.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0041] 180kg of enzymatically hydrolyzed seaweed liquid, 40kg of chitosan oligosaccharide, 300kg of enzymatically hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid, 80kg of mineral potassium humate, 40kg of EDTA magnesium, 40kg of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 40kg of EDTA zinc, 20kg of EDTA iron, 20kg of EDTA manganese, 20kg of EDTA copper, 8kg of ammonium heptamolybdate, 8kg of propylene glycol, and 4kg of dodecyl betaine.

[0042] The preparation method comprises: (1) adding 180 kg of enzymatic hydrolyzed seaweed liquid into a reaction kettle, adding 300 kg of enzymatic hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid while stirring, and stirring evenly.

[0043] (2) Add 4 kg of dodecyl betaine and stir for 20 minutes, then add 40 kg of chitosan oligosaccharide and stir until completely dissolved.

[0044] (3) Add 40 kg of EDTA magnesium, 40 kg of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 40 kg of EDTA zinc, 20 kg of EDTA iron, 20 kg of EDTA manganese, 20 kg of EDTA copper, and 8 kg of ammonium heptamolybdate in sequence and stir until completely dissolved.

[0045] (4) Add 8 kg of propylene glycol, continue stirring for 60 minutes, and then filter and divide the mixture.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0048] 220kg of enzymatic seaweed liquid, 60kg of chitosan oligosaccharide, 500kg of enzymatic composite amino acid liquid, 120kg of mineral potassium humate, 60kg of EDTA magnesium, 60kg of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 60kg of EDTA zinc, 30kg of EDTA iron, 30kg of EDTA manganese, 30kg of EDTA copper, 12kg of ammonium heptamolybdate, 12kg of propylene glycol, and 6kg of dodecyl betaine.

[0049] The preparation method comprises: (1) adding 220 kg of enzymatic hydrolyzed seaweed liquid into a reaction kettle, adding 500 kg of enzymatic hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid while stirring, and stirring evenly.

[0050] (2) Add 6 kg of dodecyl betaine and stir for 15 minutes, then add 60 kg of chitosan oligosaccharide and stir until completely dissolved.

[0051] (3) Add 60 kg of EDTA magnesium, 60 kg of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 60 kg of EDTA zinc, 30 kg of EDTA iron, 30 kg of EDTA manganese, 230 kg of EDTA copper, and 12 kg of ammonium heptamolybdate in sequence and stir until completely dissolved.

[0052] (4) Add 12 kg of propylene glycol, continue stirring for 60 minutes, and then filter and divide the mixture.

[0053] The application of liquid wheat foliar fertilizer for foliar spraying in various growth stages of wheat includes the following steps:

[0054] The liquid wheat foliar fertilizer is sprayed on the leaves during the wheat rising stage, wheat booting stage, and grain filling stage; the appropriate concentration is selected for spraying, and the concentration can be appropriately increased for old seedlings and old leaves, while the concentration should be appropriately reduced for young seedlings and new leaves. Generally, it is diluted 300-500 times for spraying. In this experiment, a manual sprayer is used to spray the wheat leaves.

[0055] Precautions for spraying: a. Avoid spraying foliar fertilizer during high temperature periods. The most suitable temperature is 18℃ to 25℃. High temperature is not conducive to leaf absorption and can easily cause seedling burn. Therefore, the best time to spray is before 10 am and after 4 pm every day. b. Choose windless, cloudy or humid weather with low evaporation to spray to reduce fertilizer loss during spraying. Avoid spraying in drought, rainy, windy and hot weather to prevent fertilizer from being lost by rain or evaporating too quickly. c. When spraying foliar fertilizer, not only cover the front of the leaves, but also pay attention to spraying on the back of the leaves. Because there are more stomata on the back of the leaves, it is easier to absorb nutrients. d. For elements that cannot move or have poor mobility, when spraying the corresponding fertilizer solution, it should be sprayed on new leaves first to improve the absorption effect. e. After applying foliar fertilizer, watering is strictly prohibited within a short period of time to avoid nutrient loss. It usually takes 0.5 to 1 day to water again. f. If it rains after spraying, you should spray again on a sunny day according to the situation, but the concentration should be appropriately reduced. g. Unused foliar fertilizer should be stored in a dry, ventilated, and cool place to avoid high temperature and exposure to the sun. At the same time, personal protection should be done to avoid contact between the liquid and the skin and eyes. h. Spraying utensils should be cleaned frequently to avoid affecting the spraying effect due to pesticide residues.

[0056] Experimental example

[0057] A liquid wheat-specific foliar fertilizer (Example 1) is used for foliar spraying during the wheat emergence period, wheat booting period, and wheat filling period, and the mass concentration and usage concentration of each raw material in the special foliar fertilizer. The experiment is a field plot experiment, which is carried out at the planting site of Caiyan Agricultural Technology Cooperative, Feicheng City, Tai'an City, Shandong Province (35°56′56″N, 116°47′25″E). The area has a warm temperate continental monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 13.5°C and an average annual rainfall of 750mm. The soil is ordinary brown soil, the previous crop is corn, and the test crop variety is Jimai 22. The land is rotary tilled before sowing, and 55 kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied at the bottom during sowing. Low-concentration wheat-specific foliar fertilizer and wheat-specific foliar fertilizer are sprayed during the emergence period of wheat, and the spraying concentration is appropriately increased during the booting period and the filling period of wheat. The specific fertilization plan is shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0058] Spraying was performed during the wheat emergence period. There were 5 treatments in the experiment, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The base fertilizer was the same, and the local normal base fertilizer was applied (15-15-15 55kg / 667m 2 ). In addition to the blank, each treatment added a large number of elements (10g urea, 5g KH2PO4, 3g KCl per kg of water) and then added different foliar fertilizers. Added separately: Treatment 1: Blank, no fertilizer; Treatment 2: Foliar spraying of liquid wheat special foliar fertilizer 1kg / 667m2 Treatment 3: Spray liquid wheat foliar fertilizer 2kg / 667m 2 Treatment 4: Spray liquid wheat foliar fertilizer 1kg / 667m 2 +Wheat special foliar fertilizer 50ml / 667m 2 Treatment 5: Spray liquid wheat foliar fertilizer 2kg / 667m 2 +Wheat special foliar fertilizer 100ml / 667m 2 The area of ​​each plot is 4*5=20 square meters. Repeat 3 times, for a total of 15 plots.

[0059] Wheat was sprayed at the booting and filling stages. Except for the blank treatment, each treatment added a large amount of elements (20g urea, 10g KH2PO4, 6g KCl per kilogram of water) and then added different foliar fertilizers. They are: Treatment 1: blank, no fertilizer; Treatment 2: foliar spraying of liquid wheat special foliar fertilizer 2kg / 667m 2 Treatment 3: Spray liquid wheat foliar fertilizer 4kg / 667m 2 Treatment 4: Spray liquid wheat foliar fertilizer 2kg / 667m 2 +Wheat special foliar fertilizer 100ml / 667m 2 Treatment 5: Spray liquid wheat foliar fertilizer 4kg / 667m 2 +Wheat special foliar fertilizer 200ml / 667m 2 The area of ​​each plot is 4*5=20 square meters. Repeat 3 times, for a total of 15 plots.

[0060] Table 1 Fertilization scheme

[0061]

[0062] The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

[0063] Table 2 Wheat yield

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat, characterized in that Made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 180-220 parts of enzymatic seaweed liquid, 40-60 parts of chitosan oligosaccharides, 300-500 parts of enzymatic composite amino acid liquid, 80-120 parts of mineral potassium humate, 40-60 parts of EDTA magnesium, 40-60 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 40-60 parts of EDTA zinc, 20-30 parts of EDTA iron, 20-30 parts of EDTA manganese, 20-30 parts of EDTA copper, 8-12 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 8-12 parts of propylene glycol, and 4-6 parts of dodecyl betaine.

2. The liquid wheat foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that Made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of enzymatic seaweed liquid, 50 parts of chitosan oligosaccharides, 400 parts of enzymatic composite amino acid liquid, 100 parts of mineral potassium humate, 50 parts of EDTA magnesium, 50 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 50 parts of EDTA zinc, 25 parts of EDTA iron, 25 parts of EDTA manganese, 25 parts of EDTA copper, 10 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 10 parts of propylene glycol, and 5 parts of lauryl betaine.

3. The liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The enzymatically hydrolyzed seaweed liquid is obtained by the following method: selecting Ascophyllum nodosum as a raw material, breaking the wall at low temperature, and then enzymatically hydrolyzing; the seaweed polysaccharide in the obtained enzymatically hydrolyzed seaweed liquid is ≥10g / L.

4. The liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The chitosan oligosaccharide is obtained by the following method: shrimp and crab shells are selected as raw materials, methyl methionine is extracted, chitosan is prepared by deacetylation, and then chitosan is enzymatically hydrolyzed; the obtained chitosan oligosaccharide has a polymerization degree of 10-20 and a molecular weight of ≤3000Da.

5. The liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The enzymatically hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid is obtained by the following method: cowhide is selected as a raw material, and amino acid liquid is obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis; free amino acids in the enzymatically hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid are ≥200 g / L.

6. The liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mineral source potassium humate is made from high-quality lignite from Xinjiang as raw material, with humic acid ≥50% and potassium oxide ≥10%.

7. The method for preparing the liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: (1) Add 180-220 parts of enzymatic hydrolyzed seaweed liquid into a reaction kettle, add 300-500 parts of enzymatic hydrolyzed composite amino acid liquid while stirring, and stir evenly; (2) adding 4 to 6 parts of dodecyl betaine, stirring for 10 to 20 minutes, adding 40 to 60 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, stirring until completely dissolved; (3) Add 40-60 parts of EDTA magnesium, 40-60 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 40-60 parts of EDTA zinc, 20-30 parts of EDTA iron, 20-30 parts of EDTA manganese, 20-30 parts of EDTA copper, and 8-12 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate in order, and stir until completely dissolved; (4) Add 8 to 12 parts of propylene glycol, continue stirring, and filter to obtain liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat.

8. The method for applying the liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: The liquid foliar fertilizer for wheat is sprayed on the leaves during the wheat emergence period, wheat heading period and wheat filling period; a suitable concentration is selected for spraying, the concentration can be appropriately increased for old seedlings and old leaves, and the concentration should be appropriately reduced for young seedlings and new leaves; the liquid foliar fertilizer is diluted 300-500 times for spraying, and a manual sprayer is used to spray the wheat leaves.

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