A weak rock stratum roadway surrounding rock strengthening constraint structure supporting device and supporting method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of soft weak rock stratum roadway surrounding rock reinforcement constraint structure supporting device and supporting method, device includes self-moving mechanism, annular cutting machine and longitudinal cutting machine, self-moving mechanism is made of two same structures annular support body and the hydraulic telescopic rod III connected between annular support body, and hydraulic telescopic rod is used to adjust the distance between the two;Annular support body is made of arc support plate and hydraulic telescopic rod I, to expand and reduce the outline size of annular support body;Annular cutting machine is installed on the annular support body of front end, to carry out annular cutting to roadway wall surface;Longitudinal cutting machine is installed on the annular support body of rear end, to carry out longitudinal cutting to roadway wall surface.The application is grouted in cutting network, then cooperates with prefabricated block, forms integrated cylindrical supporting structure, can effectively support soft weak surrounding rock roadway, improves the stability of support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a supporting device and a supporting method for a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement constraint structure in a weak rock stratum. Background Art

[0002] In underground mining activities, coal-bearing sedimentary soft strata are very common, especially after entering the deep environment, excavation exposes the rock mass to relieve its in-situ triaxial stress state. The surrounding rock mass itself has low strength, and under the action of stress, the exposed free surface tends to move and deform. Since the weak rock mass is very easy to break and deform, the existing related surrounding rock control technology plays an effective and practical role in the specific environment of deep soft rock. For example, (1) traditional anchor (cable) support is difficult to play a role in weak rock mass. It is difficult to improve its bearing capacity while maintaining its integrity. It may even accelerate the crushing and deformation of the surrounding rock due to process disturbance; (2) existing grouting modification technology pays little attention to the distribution and form of slurry in the broken rock mass. The corresponding control effect of the slurry structure after forming is difficult to evaluate; (3) the precast concrete masonry structure matched with shield technology is relatively simple. It is difficult to ensure the continuity of the overall properties of the spliced ​​and stacked blocks, and it is difficult to adapt to the variable stress environment in deep soft rock strata. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a set of targeted technical measures that can achieve considerable support strength while effectively constraining the deformation of the surrounding rock after excavation, which can effectively solve the practical problem of difficult surrounding rock support control in excavation space in deep soft rock environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a support device and a support method for the surrounding rock reinforcement constraint structure of a soft rock stratum tunnel. By cutting grooves and grouting on the tunnel wall of the soft surrounding rock, and cooperating with the cylindrical structure surrounded by blocks, an integral support structure is formed, which can effectively support the soft surrounding rock.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In the first aspect, the present invention discloses a support device for strengthening the surrounding rock restraint structure of a weak rock stratum roadway, comprising:

[0005] The self-propelled mechanism includes two annular supports I and II of identical structure, wherein the annular supports I and II are connected by a plurality of hydraulic telescopic rods III to adjust the distance between them; the annular support I is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped support plates I, each of which is connected by a hydraulic telescopic rod I, and the hydraulic telescopic rods I are used to jointly extend and retract to adjust the outer contour of the annular support I;

[0006] The annular cutting machine comprises a support I and cutting arms I, the support I is detachably connected with the arc-shaped support plates I at the bottom of the annular support body I, three cutting arms I are rotatably connected with the support I, and cutting teeth I are arranged at the top of the cutting arms I; the cutting arms I cut the roadway wall surface in annular grooves under the driving of the motor through the cutting teeth I.

[0007] The longitudinal cutting machine comprises a support II and cutting arms II, the support II is detachably connected with the arc-shaped support plates II at the bottom of the annular support body II, a plurality of cutting arms II are rotatably connected with the support II, the cutting arms II are provided with cutting teeth II at the top, and the cutting arms II cut the roadway wall surface in longitudinal grooves in the roadway tunneling direction under the driving of the hydraulic telescopic rods III.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, when the outer contour of the annular support body I is enlarged, the hydraulic telescopic rods I at the two ends of the arc-shaped support plates I at the bottom are mirror-extended, and the arc-shaped support plates I at the two sides are also mirror-extended.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the cutting arms I and the cutting arms II are in the structure of hydraulic telescopic rods.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the cutting teeth I and the cutting teeth II are in the gear type and are driven to rotate by the motor.

[0011] In the second aspect, the present application further discloses a supporting method of a soft rock roadway surrounding rock reinforcement constraint structure, which is based on the soft rock roadway surrounding rock reinforcement constraint structure supporting device.

[0012] Step S1, after the roadway is tunneled for a distance, the supporting device performs cutting operation behind the shield tunneling machine;

[0013] Step S2, the hydraulic telescopic rods I on the annular support body I at the front end of the self-moving device 1 are jointly extended, except the arc-shaped support plates I at the bottom, the rest of the arc-shaped support plates I are moved outward and upward, contact the roadway wall, and temporarily support the roadway; the hydraulic telescopic rods II on the annular support body II at the rear end are in the retracted state, and the arc-shaped support plates II on the annular support body II do not contact the roadway wall surface;

[0014] Step S3, the annular cutting machine on the annular support body I at the front end works, the three cutting arms I are jointly extended, and the cutting teeth I are driven to rotate by the motor; the three cutting arms I are rotated under the driving of the motor, and the cutting teeth I cut annular grooves of a certain depth on the roadway wall surface;

[0015] Step S4, while the ring cutting machine is working, the cutting arm II of the longitudinal cutting machine on the rear ring support II is extended at the same time, the cutting tooth II rotates under the drive of the motor, and contacts the roadway wall; the hydraulic telescopic rod III is retracted, driving the rear ring support II to move towards the front ring support I, and the cutting tooth II is driven by the hydraulic telescopic rod III to perform longitudinal cutting on the roadway wall;

[0016] Step S5, when the rear ring support II moves close to the front ring support I to the minimum distance, the hydraulic telescopic rod II on the rear ring support II is extended, the arc-shaped support plate II moves outward and upward, and the roadway wall is pressed to temporarily support the roadway; the arc-shaped support plate I on the front end is retracted, and the cutting tooth I is separated from the roadway wall; thus, the self-moving mechanism moves forward by one step;

[0017] Step S6, the hydraulic telescopic rod III is extended forward, driving the front ring support I to move forward to the maximum distance and then stop, and the self-moving mechanism moves forward by one step;

[0018] Step S7, steps S2-S6 are repeated, and the self-moving mechanism drives the ring cutting machine and the longitudinal cutting machine to cut a groove-shaped network composed of multiple ring grooves and multiple longitudinal grooves on the roadway wall;

[0019] Step S8, a circle of concrete lining pieces are installed on the roadway wall in the ring direction in the roadway section formed by the groove-shaped network, and then multiple circles of concrete lining pieces are installed in the longitudinal direction; the concrete lining pieces are fixed by bolt connection between the ring direction and the longitudinal direction; in the roadway section formed by the groove-shaped network, a pipeline-shaped support structure is formed;

[0020] Step S9, the pipeline-shaped support structure is closed at both ends, grouting is performed in the groove-shaped network, and after the grouting solidifies, a support shell composed of the concrete lining pieces and the grouting body is formed; when the roadway excavation is completed, a soft surrounding rock support structure composed of the support shell is established in the entire roadway.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following technical effects:

[0022] (1) The device is provided with a self-moving mechanism, which can automatically move forward in the roadway by contacting the roadway through the two ring supports, and the ring support contacting the roadway wall can temporarily support the newly excavated roadway; the self-moving mechanism can drive the ring cutting machine and the longitudinal cutting machine to move forward to complete the cutting work of the entire roadway; the self-moving mechanism can drive the longitudinal cutting machine to move forward for cutting work through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic telescopic rod between the two ring supports; through the organic cooperation of the three, the cutting work of the roadway can be efficiently completed;

[0023] (2) The device is provided with a ring cutting machine on the front end annular support body, and the ring cutting work is improved by rotating three cutting arms to drive the cutting teeth to cut in the ring direction; the cutting arms on the ring cutting machine and the longitudinal cutting machine are all hydraulic telescopic rod structures, which facilitate the cutting teeth on the cutting arms to cut grooves and the wall surface to be separated after work;

[0024] (3) After the cutting groove network is formed, the prepared concrete lining piece is assembled in the roadway, then the cutting groove network is grouted, and an organic supporting structure is formed with the concrete lining piece, so that the soft surrounding rock can be effectively supported and the supporting efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the self-moving mechanism of the application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the ring cutting machine of the application;

[0028] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the longitudinal cutting machine of the application;

[0029] Figure 4 is a connection diagram of the prefabricated concrete lining piece;

[0030] Figure 5 is an assembly diagram of the prefabricated concrete lining piece in the roadway;

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the soft surrounding rock roadway supporting structure;

[0032] In the figure, 1 is a self-moving mechanism, 11 is an annular support body I, 11-1 is an arc-shaped support plate I, 11-2 is a hydraulic telescopic rod I, 12 is an annular support body II, 12-1 is an arc-shaped support plate II, 12-2 is a hydraulic telescopic rod II, 13 is a hydraulic telescopic rod III, 2 is a ring cutting machine, 21 is a support I, 22 is a cutting arm I, 23 is a cutting tooth I, 3 is a longitudinal cutting machine, 31 is a support II, 32 is a cutting arm II, 33 is a cutting tooth II, and 4 is a concrete lining piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] As Figure 1As shown, the present application proposes a soft rock roadway surrounding rock reinforcement constraint structure supporting device, which comprises a self-moving mechanism 1, a ring cutting machine 2 and a longitudinal cutting machine 3. Among them, the self-moving mechanism 1 comprises a ring support body I11 and a ring support body II12, and the structures and sizes of the two are the same. The ring support body I11 and the ring support body II12 are connected through a plurality of hydraulic telescopic rods III13, and the distance between the two is adjusted through the hydraulic telescopic rods III13.

[0034] Specifically, the ring support body I11 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped support plates I11-1, and each arc-shaped support plate I11-1 is connected through a hydraulic telescopic rod I11-2. The hydraulic telescopic rods I11-2 are adjusted by common extension and contraction to adjust the size of the outer contour of the ring support body I; the ring support body II12 comprises a plurality of arc-shaped support plates II12-1 and hydraulic telescopic rods II12-2, and the connection structure is the same as that of the ring support body I1.

[0035] The rod head of the hydraulic telescopic rod III13 is hinged to the arc-shaped support plate II12-1.

[0036] Since the ring support body I11 and the ring support body II12 have the same structure, the working principle of how to expand and shrink the ring support body I11 is described as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the number of arc-shaped support plates I11-1 in the ring support body I11 is 6. When the ring support body I11 expands outward, the hydraulic telescopic rods I11-2 at both ends of the arc-shaped support plate I11-1 at the bottom simultaneously extend outward, respectively pushing the arc-shaped support plate II11 above it to move outward and upward, as shown in Figure 1 The hydraulic telescopic rods I11-2 on the two arc-shaped support plates II11-1 in the middle also simultaneously extend outward, respectively pushing the two arc-shaped support plates II11-1 above them to move towards the uppermost arc-shaped support plate II11-1. The uppermost arc-shaped support plate II11-1 is internally provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod containing channel for leaving space for the operation of the extended hydraulic telescopic rod I11-2. The above structure can ensure that the arc-shaped support plate I11-1 at the bottom remains in place, because the ring cutting machine 2 is fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped support plate I11-1 on the ring support body I11, and the longitudinal cutting machine 3 is fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped support plate II12-1 on the ring support body II12, so it is necessary to ensure that the two cutting machines remain relatively stable in position.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2As shown, the ring cutting machine 2 includes a support I21 and a cutting arm I22, the support I21 is fixed on the arc-shaped support plate I11-1 at the bottom of the annular support body I11, is fixed by bolts, and can be removed at any time when not in use or after work is completed, so as to make room for other equipment. Three cutting arms I22 are arranged in a circle at intervals of 120 degrees and are rotationally connected with the support I21, a motor is arranged behind the support I21, and the three cutting arms I22 are driven to rotate by the motor. The cutting arm I22 is provided with a cutting tooth I23 at the top, and the cutting tooth I23 in the embodiment can be a fixed structure, such as a scraper, or a gear structure, and is driven to rotate by the motor for cutting.

[0038] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 As shown, the longitudinal cutting machine 3 includes a support II31 and a cutting arm II32, the support II31 is fixed on the arc-shaped support plate II12-1 at the bottom of the annular support body II12, is fixed by bolts, and can be removed at any time when not in use or after work is completed, so as to make room for other equipment. A plurality of cutting arms II32 are rotationally connected with the support II31, the cutting arm II32 is provided with a cutting tooth II33 at the top, and the cutting arm II32 is driven to move along the length direction of the roadway by the hydraulic telescopic rod III13 to cut the roadway wall in the longitudinal direction. The cutting tooth II33 in the embodiment can be a fixed structure, such as a scraper, or a gear structure, and is driven to cut by the motor.

[0039] The actions in the supporting device are generated by the hydraulic telescopic rod and the motor driven rotation, and the actions are uniformly controlled by the controller.

[0040] The application also provides a supporting method for a soft rock roadway surrounding rock reinforcement structure, which adopts the supporting device.

[0041] Step S1, the shield machine advances a distance in the roadway, and the supporting device performs cutting operation behind the shield machine.

[0042] Step S2, the hydraulic telescopic rods I11-2 on the annular support body I11 at the front end of the self-moving mechanism 1 are jointly extended, except that the arc-shaped support plate I11-1 at the bottom is moved outward and upward, the remaining arc-shaped support plates I11-1 are moved outward and upward, and contact the roadway wall to temporarily support the roadway; the hydraulic telescopic rods II12-2 on the annular support body II12 at the rear end are in a retracted state, and the arc-shaped support plates II12-1 on the annular support body II12 do not contact the roadway wall.

[0043] Step S3, the ring cutting machine 2 on the front ring support body I11 works, the three cutting arms I22 jointly extend, and the cutting teeth I23 are rotated by the motor; the three cutting arms I22 are rotated under the driving of the motor, and the cutting teeth I23 cut a certain depth of the ring cutting groove on the roadway wall surface.

[0044] Step S4, while the ring cutting machine works, the cutting arm II32 of the longitudinal cutting machine 3 on the rear ring support body II12 simultaneously extends, the cutting tooth II33 is rotated under the driving of the motor, and contacts the roadway wall surface; the hydraulic telescopic rod III13 is retracted, drives the rear ring support body II12 to approach the front ring support body I11, and the cutting tooth II33 is retracted under the driving of the hydraulic telescopic rod III13, and the roadway wall surface is longitudinally cut.

[0045] Step S5, when the rear ring support body II12 approaches to the minimum distance from the front ring support body I11, the hydraulic telescopic rod II12-2 on the rear ring support body II12 extends, the arc-shaped support plate II12-1 moves outward and upward, extrudes the roadway wall surface, and temporarily supports the roadway; the arc-shaped support plate I11-1 of the front end retracts, and the cutting tooth I23 is separated from the roadway wall; thus, the self-moving mechanism 1 moves forward by one step.

[0046] Step S6, the hydraulic telescopic rod III13 extends forward, drives the front ring support body I11 to run forward to the maximum distance and stop, and the self-moving mechanism 1 moves forward by one step.

[0047] Step S7, steps S2-S6 are repeated, and the cutting groove network composed of a plurality of ring cutting grooves and a plurality of longitudinal cutting grooves is cut on the roadway wall.

[0048] Step S8, the concrete lining piece 4 is installed along the roadway wall surface in the roadway section formed by the cutting groove network, the concrete lining pieces 4 are connected through bolts, and the pipeline-shaped support structure is formed in the roadway section formed by the cutting groove network.

[0049] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 , it is a connection diagram between the left and right and the front and back of the concrete lining piece 4, the concrete lining piece 4 is provided with a hole through which a screw rod passes, and a working area for tightening a nut, when the left and right two concrete lining pieces 4 are connected, a screw rod passes through the holes of the two concrete lining pieces 4, and is fixed and connected by nuts at both ends, and the front and back two concrete lining pieces 4 are the same as above.

[0050] As shown in Figure 5 , the concrete lining piece 4 is an arc-shaped piece, the circle where the outer wall is located is the same as the diameter of the roadway, and when installed, it is installed from the bottom to both sides, and the uppermost concrete lining piece is inserted, so that a pipeline-shaped support structure with a certain width is formed.

[0051] Step S9, the pipe-shaped support structure is closed at both ends, grouting is injected into the network of cutting grooves thereon, and after the grouting is solidified, a support shell composed of the concrete lining piece 4 and the grouting body is formed; when the tunnel excavation is completed, a soft surrounding rock support structure composed of the support shell is established in the whole tunnel, as shown in Figure 6

[0052] The present application is targeted at the characteristics of soft surrounding rock, supports it in a targeted manner, cuts a network of grooves by using a cutting groove machine, then supports the prefabricated concrete lining piece 4, and then grouting is injected into the network of cutting grooves, the network structure formed after grouting can reinforce and deform the soft surrounding rock, and then together with the concrete lining piece 4, a stable tunnel support structure is formed, and this cylindrical support structure can effectively support the weak surrounding rock, and the support effect is good.

[0053] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited thereto, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present application, and all the changes are within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.​

Claims

1. A support device for strengthening the surrounding rock restraint structure of a weak rock stratum roadway, characterized in that: include A self-moving mechanism (1) comprises two annular support bodies I (11) and annular support body II (12) of identical structure, wherein the annular support body I (11) and the annular support body II (12) are connected via a plurality of hydraulic telescopic rods III (13) to adjust the distance between the two; the annular support body I (11) is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped support plates I (11-1), each of the arc-shaped support plates I (11-1) is connected via a hydraulic telescopic rod I (11-2), and the outer contour of the annular support body I (11) is adjusted by the hydraulic telescopic rods I (11-2) through the joint expansion and contraction. A circular grooving machine (2) comprises a support I (21) and a cutting arm I (22), wherein the support I (21) is detachably connected to the arc-shaped support plate I (11-1) at the bottom of the circular support body I (11), and three cutting arms I (22) are rotatably connected to the support I (21), and a cutting tooth I (23) is provided on the top of the cutting arm I (22); the cutting arm I (22) is driven by a motor to perform circular grooving on the tunnel wall through the cutting tooth I (23); A longitudinal grooving machine (3) comprises a support II (31) and a cutting arm II (32), wherein the support II (31) is detachably connected to an arc-shaped support plate II (12-1) at the bottom of the annular support body II (12), and a plurality of cutting arms II (32) are rotatably connected to the support II (31), and a cutting tooth II (33) is provided on the top of the cutting arm II (32). Driven by the hydraulic telescopic rod III (13), the cutting arm II (32) performs longitudinal grooving on the tunnel wall along the tunnel excavation direction; The self-moving mechanism (1) drives the circumferential grooving machine (2) and the longitudinal grooving machine (3) to cut a groove network consisting of a plurality of circumferential grooves and a plurality of longitudinal grooves on the tunnel wall; in the tunnel section formed by the groove network, a circle of concrete lining sheets (4) is installed circumferentially along the tunnel wall surface, and grouting is injected into the groove network to form a support shell composed of the concrete lining sheets (4) and the grouting body.

2. The supporting device for strengthening and restraining the surrounding rock of a roadway in a weak rock layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the outer contour of the annular support body I (11) becomes larger, the hydraulic telescopic rods I (11-2) at both ends of the arc-shaped support plate I (11-1) at the bottom extend in a mirror-like manner, and the arc-shaped support plates I (11-1) on both sides also extend in a mirror-like manner.

3. The supporting device for strengthening and restraining surrounding rock in soft rock strata roadway according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutting arm I (22) and the cutting arm II (32) are hydraulic telescopic rod structures.

4. The supporting device for strengthening and restraining the surrounding rock of a roadway in a weak rock formation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pick I (23) and the pick II (33) are gear-type and driven by a motor to rotate.

5. A method for strengthening and restraining the surrounding rock of a roadway in a weak rock formation, based on the device for strengthening and restraining the surrounding rock of a roadway in a weak rock formation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: After the tunnel has been excavated for a certain distance, the support device performs a groove cutting operation behind the shield machine; Step S2: The hydraulic telescopic rods I (11-2) on the annular support body I (11) at the front end of the self-moving mechanism (1) are extended together, and except for the arc-shaped support plate I (11-1) at the bottom, the remaining arc-shaped support plates I (11-1) move outward and upward to contact the tunnel wall, thereby temporarily supporting the tunnel; the hydraulic telescopic rods II (12-2) on the annular support body II (12) at the rear end are in a retracted state, and the arc-shaped support plates II (12-1) on the annular support body II (12) do not contact the tunnel wall; Step S3: The annular groove cutting machine (2) on the annular support body I (11) at the front end is operated, the three cutting arms I (22) are extended together, and the cutting teeth I (23) are driven to rotate by the motor; the three cutting arms I (22) rotate under the drive of the motor, and the cutting teeth I (23) cut an annular groove of a certain depth on the tunnel wall; Step S4, while the annular grooving machine (2) is working, the cutting arm II (32) of the longitudinal grooving machine (3) located on the annular support body II (12) at the rear end is extended at the same time, and the cutting teeth II (33) are rotated by the motor and contact the tunnel wall; the hydraulic telescopic rod III (13) retracts, driving the annular support body II (12) at the rear end to approach the annular support body I (11) at the front end, and the cutting teeth II (33) are driven by the hydraulic telescopic rod III (13) to perform longitudinal grooving on the tunnel wall; Step S5: When the annular support body II (12) at the rear end approaches the minimum distance from the annular support body I (11) at the front end, the hydraulic telescopic rod II (12-2) thereon extends, and the arc-shaped support plate II (12-1) moves outward and upward, squeezing the tunnel wall to provide temporary support for the tunnel; the arc-shaped support plate I (11-1) at the front end retracts, and at the same time, the pick I (23) disengages from the tunnel wall; thereby, the self-moving mechanism (1) moves forward by one step; Step S6: The hydraulic telescopic rod III (13) extends forward, driving the front annular support body I (11) to move forward to the maximum distance and then stop, and the self-moving mechanism (1) moves forward one step distance; Step S7, repeating steps S2 to S6, the self-moving mechanism (1) drives the circumferential grooving machine (2) and the longitudinal grooving machine (3) to cut a groove network consisting of a plurality of circumferential grooves and a plurality of longitudinal grooves on the tunnel wall; Step S8: In the tunnel section formed by the trough network, a circle of concrete lining sheets (4) is installed circumferentially along the tunnel wall, and then multiple circles of concrete lining sheets (4) are installed longitudinally; the concrete lining sheets (4) are fixed circumferentially and longitudinally by bolts; a pipe-shaped support structure is formed in the tunnel section formed by the trough network; Step S9: Close both ends of the pipe-shaped support structure and inject grout into the trough network. After the grout solidifies, a support shell composed of the concrete lining sheet (4) and the grouting body is formed. When the tunnel excavation is completed, a weak surrounding rock support structure composed of the support shell is established in the entire tunnel.

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