Coarse Particle Size Graphite Batch Shaping Equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to a shaping device for batches of coarse-grained graphite, comprising: a housing having a shaping cavity; a classification impeller rotatably disposed at the top inside the shaping cavity; a rotatable shaping structure rotatably disposed at the bottom inside the shaping cavity and including at least one layer of graphite shaping disks. A plurality of hammer heads are circumferentially and evenly spaced at positions near the outer periphery on the top surface of the graphite shaping disks. Each hammer head includes a hook-shaped structure bent in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the shaping structure. The surface of the hook-shaped structure facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure is an arc surface. An annular gear is provided at a position on the inner wall of the shaping cavity opposite to the shaping structure. At least a part of the hook-shaped structure extends beyond the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk and there is a gap between the hook-shaped structure and the annular gear. The present invention effectively solves the problems of complex process and low production efficiency in the existing shaping process of coarse-grained graphite in view of the characteristics of coarse-grained graphite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep processing of natural graphite, and particularly relates to a batch shaping device for coarse particle size graphite. Background Art

[0002] The raw material for spheroidizing natural graphite is flake graphite. Due to its lamellar structure, multiple crushing and shaping devices are required for its spheroidization, resulting in a large number of machine combinations in the crushing, shaping, and classification processes during spheroidization, thus leading to high energy consumption, high cost, and low productivity. Especially during the shaping process, the flake graphite has been crushed through multiple processes into coarse particle size graphite with a certain tapped density. If multiple classification processes are carried out again, not only is the yield low, but also over-crushing is likely to occur during the shaping process. Therefore, this device adopts a batch shaping method for one device, reducing the number of machines, lowering energy consumption, and improving productivity.

[0003] Currently, the particle size of spherical graphite products shows a multi-level development trend. There are certain differences in the ball-forming mechanisms between coarse particle size and fine particle size natural graphite. This is because there are differences in the crushing energy between fine particle size and coarse particle size natural graphite. Coarse particle size natural graphite is more likely to be crushed to produce fine powder under high-speed impact. The generation of fine powder will greatly increase the overall specific surface area, reduce the productivity, and at the same time affect the finished product quality of coarse particle size natural graphite. Therefore, it is not possible to simply adjust the parameters on the original equipment. It is necessary to develop an efficient batch shaping device dedicated to coarse particle size natural graphite to solve the above technical problems.

[0004] The "Background Art" paragraph is only used to help understand the content of the present invention. Therefore, the content recorded in the "Background Art" paragraph may include some common general knowledge that is not known to those skilled in the art. The content recorded in the "Background Art" paragraph does not represent the problems to be solved by this content or one or more embodiments of the present invention, which have been known or recognized by those skilled in the art before the filing of the present invention application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a batch shaping device for coarse particle size graphite, which can effectively solve the problems of complex process and low production efficiency during the shaping process of existing coarse particle size graphite.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows. A batch shaping device for coarse particle size graphite includes:

[0007] A housing having a shaping cavity;

[0008] A classification impeller rotatably provided at the top inside the shaping cavity;

[0009] The shaping structure is rotatably arranged at the bottom inside the shaping cavity and includes at least one layer of graphite shaping disks. At the position near the outer periphery on the top surface of the graphite shaping disk, a plurality of hammer heads are circumferentially and evenly spaced. The hammer head includes a hook structure bent in the direction opposite to the rotation of the shaping structure, and the surface of the hook structure facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure is an arc surface. At the position on the inner wall of the shaping cavity facing the shaping structure, an annular gear ring is provided, and at least a part of the hook structure extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk and there is a gap between the hook structure and the annular gear ring.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hook structure includes an inclined straight line segment, a first arc segment, and a second arc segment sequentially connected from its inner end to its outer end. The length direction of the inclined straight line segment is inclined outward from the inside of the shaping cavity to the rotation direction of the shaping structure relative to the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity, and the inclination angle is 15-30°, and the length of the inclined straight line segment is 10-20 mm. The inclined straight line segment is smoothly connected to the first arc segment, the arc radius of the first arc segment is 20-30 mm, the arc radius of the second arc segment is 5-10 mm, and the width of the second arc segment in the radial direction gradually decreases towards the outer end of the hook structure.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the hook structure and the annular gear ring is 3-5 mm.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hammer head further includes an extension rod. The hook structure is located outside the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk. One end of the extension rod extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk and is connected to the inner end of the hook structure, and the length direction of the extension rod extends along the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a shaping driving device is provided at the bottom of the housing. The shaping driving device can be connected to the shaping structure and is used to drive the shaping structure to rotate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the classification impeller includes a top frame and a bottom chassis arranged at upper and lower intervals, a flow dividing fence connected between the top frame and the bottom chassis, and a rotating shaft. The lower end of the rotating shaft is connected to the bottom chassis to drive the bottom chassis to rotate.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow dividing fence includes a plurality of flow dividing rods circumferentially and evenly spaced. The two ends of the flow dividing rod are respectively connected to the outer edge positions of the top frame and the bottom chassis.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an impeller driving device is further provided at the top of the housing. The impeller driving device can be connected to the rotating shaft and is used to drive the classification impeller to rotate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the housing is a cylindrical barrel, and the height of the housing is 1000-1100 mm.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a feed pipe and a finished product discharge pipe are connectably and switchably provided at the side of the housing. An air outlet is provided at the top of the housing opposite to the classification impeller, and a tail powder discharge pipe is connectably and switchably provided. A discharge valve is provided on the finished product discharge pipe, and the discharge valve can be automatically opened after a preset time for material shaping to complete the discharge. An induced draft fan is also connected to the tail powder discharge pipe, and an air supply port communicating with the shaping cavity is further provided at the bottom of the housing.

[0019] As described above, for the batch shaping equipment of coarse particle size graphite of the present invention, only one piece of equipment is needed to perform batch shaping treatment on the coarse particle size spherical graphite, which simplifies the process and reduces the cost. Compared with the existing equipment that does not have a special targeted equipment distinction for the shaping of fine particle size and coarse particle size graphite, this equipment is specifically designed for the shaping of coarse particle size graphite. The hammers on the graphite shaping disc are designed in a hook head structure. The hook head structure is in a bent hook shape, and the surface is rounded without edges and corners. The hook head structure is bent in the opposite direction of the rotation of the shaping structure to ensure that the graphite particles can be guided towards the annular gear ring direction after being impacted, increasing the collision probability between the particles and the annular gear ring. The surface of the hook head structure facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure is an arc surface, and the curvature of the arc surface should be moderate, which can not only effectively guide the movement of the particles but also reduce the excessive crushing of the particles. Using the arc surface of the hook head structure to strike the coarse particle size graphite makes the coarse particle size graphite not easily broken, helps to further pound the coarse particle size graphite more densely, and at the same time improves the tapped density. The entire hook head structure can also play a role in disturbing the flow, making the coarse particle size spherical graphite continue to move spirally along the graphite shaping disc. At the same time, the shape of the hammer head is coordinated with the design of the shaping cavity, which helps the coarse particle size natural graphite to be fully dispersed in the shaping cavity, so that in the classification process, the fine powder adhering to the coarse particle size natural graphite with low surface energy can be fully separated, thereby improving the D 00 and D 01 index values and reducing the "fishhook effect". Through the collaborative design of the shaping cavity and the hammer head, it has a better shaping effect, can effectively improve the ball forming rate of the coarse particle size graphite, and improve the production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention schematically and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Among them:

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the batch shaping equipment for coarse particle size graphite provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the graphite shaping disc provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3Top view of the structure of the graphite shaping disc provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 SEM image I of the raw materials used in the test provided by the present invention, Figure 4 The scale bar is 50 μm.

[0025] Figure 5 SEM image II of the raw materials used in the test provided by the present invention, Figure 5 The scale bar is 10 μm.

[0026] Figure 6 SEM image I of the product obtained after the raw materials are tested according to test parameter a when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention uses a hook-shaped hammer head, Figure 6 The scale bar is 50 μm.

[0027] Figure 7 SEM image II of the product obtained after the raw materials are tested according to test parameter a when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention uses a hook-shaped hammer head, Figure 7 The scale bar is 10 μm.

[0028] Figure 8 SEM image I of the product obtained after the raw materials are tested according to test parameter b when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention uses a hook-shaped hammer head, Figure 8 The scale bar is 50 μm.

[0029] Figure 9 SEM image II of the product obtained after the raw materials are tested according to test parameter b when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention uses a hook-shaped hammer head, Figure 9 The scale bar is 10 μm.

[0030] Figure 10 SEM image I of the product obtained after the raw materials are tested according to test parameter c when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention uses a hook-shaped hammer head, Figure 10 The scale bar is 50 μm.

[0031] Figure 11 SEM image II of the product obtained after the raw materials are tested according to test parameter c when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention uses a hook-shaped hammer head, Figure 11 The scale bar is 10 μm.

[0032] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0033] 1. Housing; 11. Shaping cavity; 12. Ring gear; 13. Underframe; 14. Feed pipe; 141. Hopper; 15. Finished product discharge pipe; 16. Tail powder discharge pipe; 17. Air supply port;

[0034] 2. Classifying impeller; 21. Top frame; 22. Chassis; 23. Shunt fence; 24. Rotating shaft; 25. Impeller drive device; 251. Impeller drive motor; 252. Transmission structure;

[0035] 3. Shaping structure; 31. Graphite shaping disk; 32. Hammer head; 321. Hook head structure; 3211. Inclined straight section; 3212. First arc section; 3213. Second arc section; 322. Extension rod; 33. Driven pulley; 34. Transmission shaft; 35. Support cylinder; 36. Shunt ring. Detailed implementation manner

[0036] For a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation manner of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] As Figures 1 to 11 shown, this embodiment provides a rough particle size graphite batch shaping device, including:

[0038] A housing 1 having a shaping cavity 11;

[0039] A classifying impeller 2 rotatably disposed at the top inside the shaping cavity 11;

[0040] A shaping structure 3 rotatably disposed at the bottom inside the shaping cavity 11 and including at least one layer of graphite shaping disks 31. A plurality of hammer heads 32 are circumferentially and evenly spaced at positions near the outer periphery of the top surface of the graphite shaping disks 31. The hammer heads 32 include a hook head structure 321 bent in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the shaping structure 3. The surface of the hook head structure 321 facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure 3 is an arc surface; an annular gear ring 12 is provided at a position on the inner wall of the shaping cavity 11 opposite to the shaping structure 3, and at least a part of the hook head structure 321 extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk 31 and there is a gap between the hook head structure 321 and the annular gear ring 12.

[0041] Natural spherical graphite is a spherical graphite product in the shape of a potato-like obtained by continuously pulverizing and shaping natural flake graphite (lamellar structure) as raw materials. Spherical graphite products can be divided into fine particle size graphite products and rough particle size graphite products according to the particle size. In the prior art, a relatively large number of devices are required to pulverize and shape the flake graphite raw materials. The previous multiple devices mainly pulverize the raw materials. The small flake fine particle size graphite generated during the pulverization process is classified into two-mouth materials, and the unclassified rough particle size graphite with low tapped density is then jointly shaped and reclassified by a series of multiple devices at the back to make the rough particle size graphite reach a certain sphericity and tapped density to obtain rough particle size spherical graphite products, which requires a relatively large number of devices. In this embodiment, a rough particle size graphite batch shaping device is used to replace multiple devices for shaping rough particle size graphite in the traditional production line, effectively simplifying the shaping process.

[0042] The entire batch shaping equipment mainly shapes the coarse-grained graphite. The raw material is coarse-grained graphite with irregular morphology. During production, the raw material is added into the shaping cavity 11 for internal circulation and discharged according to a preset time to obtain coarse-grained spherical graphite products. Inside the shaping cavity 11, it is divided into a shaping area, a transition area, and a classification area from bottom to top. The shaping area is arranged opposite to the shaping structure 3, and the classification area is arranged opposite to the classification impeller 2. After the raw material is shaped by the shaping structure 3 such as kneading, compressing, and curling in the shaping area, it flows upward under the action of negative pressure suction and is sucked into the annular area between the classification impeller 2 and the inner wall of the shaping cavity 11 in the classification area. The very fine graphite material (generally called tail powder) enters the classification impeller 2 and is sucked away and discharged. The larger-grained graphite material that is not sucked away falls onto the shaping structure 3 for secondary shaping and continuously circulates in the shaping cavity 11.

[0043] Therefore, the coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment in this embodiment can perform batch shaping treatment on the coarse-grained graphite with irregular morphology with only one piece of equipment, simplifying the process and reducing the cost. Compared with the existing equipment that does not have a special equipment distinction for shaping fine-grained and coarse-grained graphite, this equipment is specifically designed in coordination with the characteristics of coarse-grained graphite. The hammer head 32 on the graphite shaping disk 31 is designed as a hook structure 321. The hook structure 321 is in the shape of a hook, and its surface is rounded without edges and corners. The hook structure 321 is bent in the direction opposite to the rotation of the shaping structure 3 to ensure that the graphite particles can be guided towards the annular gear 12 after being impacted, increasing the collision probability between the particles and the annular gear 12. The surface of the hook structure 321 facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure 3 is an arc surface, and the curvature of the arc surface should be appropriate, which can not only effectively guide the movement of the particles but also reduce the excessive crushing of the particles. Using the arc surface of the hook structure 321 to strike the coarse-grained graphite makes the coarse-grained graphite not easily broken, helps to further pound the coarse-grained graphite to be more dense, and at the same time improves the tapped density. The entire hook structure 321 can also play a role in disturbing the flow, enabling the coarse-grained spherical graphite to continue to move along the rotation direction of the graphite shaping disk 31. At the same time, the shape of the hammer head is coordinated with the design of the shaping cavity 11, which helps the coarse-grained natural graphite to be fully dispersed in the shaping cavity 11, so that the fine powder adhering to the coarse-grained natural graphite with low surface energy can be fully sorted out during the classification process, thereby improving the index values of D 00 and D 01 and reducing the "fishhook effect". Through the coordinated design of the shaping cavity 11 and the hammer head, it has a better shaping effect, can effectively improve the spheroidization rate of the coarse-grained graphite, and improve the production efficiency.

[0044] It should be noted that the particle size volume distribution of the fine-grained spherical graphite products (i.e., fine-grained graphite finished products) mentioned in this embodiment satisfies the median particle size D 50is 7 - 13 μm, and the particle size volume distribution of the coarse - particle - size spherical graphite product satisfies the median particle size D 50 > 23 μm. Specifically, the particle size division of the fine - particle - size spherical graphite product and the coarse - particle - size spherical graphite product shall be based on the range well - known in the industry. It can be understood that the spherical graphite products mentioned in this article are not completely standard spheres, and can also refer to ellipsoids or quasi - spheres. The graphite in this case mainly refers to natural graphite.

[0045] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the hook - shaped structure 321 includes an inclined straight - line segment 3211, a first arc segment 3212, and a second arc segment 3213 that are sequentially connected from its inner end to its outer end. The length direction of the inclined straight - line segment 3211 is inclined from the inside of the shaping cavity 11 to the outside in the rotation direction of the shaping structure 3 with respect to the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity 11 (for example, in this embodiment, the shaping structure 3 rotates clockwise, and the entire hook - shaped structure 321 is bent counter - clockwise. The length directions of the inclined straight - line segments 3211 are all inclined from the inside of the shaping cavity 11 to the outside in the clockwise direction with respect to the corresponding radial directions and are inclined at a preset angle). The arc radius of the first arc segment 3212 is greater than the arc radius of the second arc segment 3213, and the width of the second arc segment 3213 in the radial direction gradually decreases towards the outer end of the hook - shaped structure 321.

[0046] Preferably, the inclination angle of the length direction of the inclined straight - line segment 3211 with respect to the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity 11 is 15 - 30°. This inclination angle can not only guide the graphite particles towards the annular gear ring 12 but also prevent the particles from leaving the shaping area prematurely. The length of the inclined straight - line segment 3211 is 10 - 20 mm to ensure that the particles have sufficient kinetic energy to move towards the annular gear ring 12 after being impacted. The arc radius of the first arc segment 3212 is 20 - 30 mm. The larger arc radius can reduce the crushing of the particles and at the same time guide the particles towards the annular gear ring 12. The connection between the inclined straight - line segment 3211 and the first arc segment 3212 should have a smooth transition to avoid the particles being severely impacted during movement. The arc radius of the second arc segment 3213 is 5 - 10 mm. The smaller arc radius can increase the shaping effect of the particles and promote the curling and folding of the particles. The width of the second arc segment 3213 in the radial direction gradually decreases towards the outer end of the hook - shaped structure, forming a "sharp - tail" structure, with the width gradually decreasing from 10 mm to 2 - 3 mm. This design can reduce the resistance of the particles during movement and at the same time improve the shaping efficiency of the particles. The tooth shape of the above - mentioned annular gear ring 12 should match the design of the hook - shaped structure 321 to ensure that the particles can be effectively shaped after collision. The gap between the hook - shaped structure 321 and the annular gear ring 12 is 3 - 5 mm, which can not only ensure sufficient collision of the particles but also avoid excessive crushing of the particles.

[0047] The hook head structure 321 has the following four advantages within this dimensional range:

[0048] Particle guiding: After the graphite particles enter the shaping area, they are impacted by the hook head structure 321, and the inclined straight section 3211 and the first arc section 3212 guide the particles towards the direction of the annular gear ring 12.

[0049] Collision shaping: The particles collide repeatedly between the annular gear ring 12 and the hook head structure 321. The pointed tail design at the end of the second arc section 3213 can promote the curling and folding of the particles, forming a spherical or quasi-spherical structure.

[0050] Extended residence time: The arc surface design and the inclined angle of the hook head structure 321 extend the residence time of the particles in the shaping area, increasing the collision and shaping opportunities between the particles.

[0051] Reduced comminution: The combination of the larger arc radius of the first arc section 3212 and the smaller arc radius of the second arc section 3213 reduces the excessive comminution of the particles and improves the shaping yield.

[0052] Further preferably, the hook head structure 321 is located outside the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disc 31, that is, the hook head structure 321 is entirely located within the spaced space between the graphite shaping disc 31 and the annular gear ring 12, and the effect is better. The hammer head 32 further includes an extension rod 322. One end of the extension rod 322 extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disc 31 and is connected to the inner side end of the hook head structure 321. The length direction of the extension rod 322 extends along the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity 11. The setting of the extension rod 322 can make the structure of the entire hammer head 32 more stable, with stronger impact resistance and better durability.

[0053] When the number of the above-mentioned graphite shaping discs 31 is multiple, the multiple graphite shaping discs 31 are arranged in a stacked manner at intervals up and down and are all fixedly connected to the following transmission shaft 34. The graphite shaping disc 31 is a circular disc body. A plurality of hammer heads 32 are arranged close to the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disc 31. The annular gear ring 12 is arranged opposite to the graphite shaping disc 31. The gap between the two is determined according to the particle size of the actual coarse-grained graphite product. For shaping the coarse-grained graphite, the gap between the two is designed to be 3 - 5 mm. This gap area is the main shaping area, where the graphite is rubbed and deburred. There is a following air supply opening 17 at the bottom side of the shaping cavity 11. In order to maintain the negative pressure state in the shaping cavity housing 1, by setting the air supply opening 17, a corresponding air intake mechanism is ensured to supplement the exhausted gas, and the pressure balance in the shaping cavity 11 can be maintained.

[0054] Screw holes are provided on each hammer head 32. Specifically, the screw holes can be opened on the extension rod 322. The hammer head 32 and the graphite shaping disc 31 can be threadedly connected by screws, and the hammer head 32 rotates together with the graphite shaping disc 31. Since the raw material itself has a coarse particle size and is more likely to be pulverized again compared to a fine particle size, the hammer head 32 is designed as a hook-shaped structure 321. The arc surface of the hook-shaped structure 321 helps to further pound the coarse particle size natural graphite to be more dense, while improving the tapped density and having a good shaping effect.

[0055] Further, referring to Figure 1 , the classification impeller 2 includes a top frame 21 and a bottom chassis 22 arranged at an upper and lower interval, a flow dividing fence 23 connected between the top frame 21 and the bottom chassis 22, and a rotating shaft 24. The lower end of the rotating shaft 24 is connected to the bottom chassis 22 to drive the bottom chassis 22 to rotate.

[0056] The flow dividing fence 23 includes a plurality of flow dividing rods arranged at circumferentially uniform intervals. The two ends of the flow dividing rods are respectively connected to the outer edge positions of the top frame 21 and the bottom chassis 22.

[0057] The bottom chassis 22 is a disc structure. The top frame 21 can adopt a hollow circular frame body or a ring structure; the flow dividing rods can adopt wear-resistant steel rods, and the specific quantity can be determined according to needs. The flow dividing rods can adopt cylindrical rods or thinner rectangular rods.

[0058] Further, referring to Figure 1 , a shaping driving device is provided at the bottom of the housing 1. The shaping driving device can be connected to the shaping structure 3 and is used to drive the shaping structure 3 to rotate. An impeller driving device 25 is also provided at the top of the housing 1. The impeller driving device 25 can be connected to the rotating shaft 24 and is used to drive the classification impeller 2 to rotate.

[0059] The impeller driving device 25 includes an impeller driving motor 251 provided at the top of the housing 1. The upper end of the rotating shaft 24 sequentially passes through the following air outlet and the tail powder discharge pipe 16 and is connected to the driving motor. According to needs, the impeller driving motor 251 can be directly connected to the rotating shaft 24 or can be connected to the rotating shaft 24 through a corresponding transmission structure 252.

[0060] The shaping drive device includes a transmission assembly and a shaping drive motor. The transmission assembly includes a driving pulley and a driven pulley 33 arranged vertically in the axial direction, an annular belt connected between the driving pulley and the driven pulley 33, and a transmission shaft 34 arranged vertically in the axial direction. The annular belt is tensioned in the horizontal direction. The lower end of the transmission shaft 34 is connected to the driven pulley 33, and the upper end of the transmission shaft 34 passes through the bottom of the housing 1 and is connected to the bottom graphite shaping disc 31. Specifically, a keyway is provided on the side wall of the upper end of the transmission shaft 34, and the graphite shaping disc 31 is connected to the transmission shaft 34 by a key. The shaping drive motor is connected to the driving pulley to drive the driving pulley to rotate, and then transmits the power to the driven pulley 33 through the annular belt. The rotation of the driven pulley 33 drives the transmission shaft 34 to rotate, and the torque is transmitted from the transmission shaft 34 to the graphite shaping disc 31 through the key to drive the graphite shaping disc 31 to rotate.

[0061] A chassis 13 is also connected to the bottom of the housing 1 for supporting on the ground, and the above-mentioned shaping drive motor is arranged on the chassis 13. A support cylinder 35 is also provided at the center of the bottom inside the housing 1. The bottom of the support cylinder 35 extends out of the housing 1. A bearing is provided inside the support cylinder 35. The upper end of the transmission shaft 34 passes through the bearing and extends into the housing 1. The transmission shaft 34 provides support and bears the weight and force of the driven pulley 33. The bearing bears the load from all directions while significantly reducing the friction between the transmission shaft 34 and other components and fixes the position of the transmission shaft 34. A flow dividing ring 36 can also be provided inside the bottom of the housing 1 and below the shaping structure 3. The flow dividing ring 36 is fixed on the transmission shaft 34 by threaded connection.

[0062] Of course, the impeller drive device 25 and the shaping drive device can also adopt other structural forms, as long as it is convenient to drive the grading impeller 2 to rotate and drive the shaping structure 3 to rotate. This embodiment is only for illustration.

[0063] A grading impeller 2 is arranged inside the shaping cavity 11. The grading impeller 2 is located above the graphite shaping disc 31 and close to the top of the shaping cavity 11 to discharge the tail powder that cannot form balls anymore. The grading impeller 2 is connected to the impeller drive motor 251 through a rotating shaft 24. A tail powder discharge pipe 16 is arranged between the grading impeller 2 and the impeller drive motor 251. A tail powder dust collector is also connected to the middle of the tail powder discharge pipe 16.

[0064] Further, the housing 1 is a cylindrical barrel. The area (i.e., the transition area) between the grading impeller 2 and the shaping structure 3 in the shaping cavity 11 is a hollow cavity without other components arranged, which will not affect the circulation effect of the air flow in the shaping cavity 11. Compared with the case where other components are arranged in the transition area, the feeding amount is more and the production capacity is higher.

[0065] In this embodiment, the height of the housing 1 is 1000 - 1100 mm, preferably 1000 mm. The increased height of the housing 1 is more conducive to the full dispersion of the coarse-grained graphite in the shaping cavity 11.

[0066] Further, a feed pipe 14 and a finished product discharge pipe 15 are connected to the side of the housing 1 in a switchable manner to ensure the normal entry and exit of materials. An air outlet is provided at the top of the housing 1 opposite to the classification impeller 2, and a tail powder discharge pipe 16 is connected to it in a switchable manner.

[0067] The feed pipe 14 and the finished product discharge pipe 15 are located on both sides of the housing 1. The feed pipe 14 is arranged corresponding to the transition zone and close to the shaping zone. The feed pipe 14 is used to add spherical coarse-grained graphite with a low tapped density. The finished product discharge pipe 15 is used to output the spherical product of the coarse-grained graphite. A discharge valve is provided on the finished product discharge pipe 15 and electrically connected to a control device, which can control the opening and closing of the discharge valve automatically according to the preset or actual required shaping time of the spherical coarse-grained graphite product.

[0068] The air outlet is opened at the center of the top of the housing 1, opposite to the top frame 21 of the classification impeller 2. The first end of the tail powder discharge pipe 16 is arranged on the top of the housing 1 and communicated with the air outlet. After the tail powder sucked into the classification impeller 2 enters the inner cavity surrounded by the diversion fence 23, it enters the tail powder discharge pipe 16 upward through the air outlet via the top frame 21.

[0069] An induced draft fan is also connected to the tail powder discharge pipe 16, and an air supply port 17 that can communicate with the shaping cavity 11 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1.

[0070] The induced draft fan is connected to the second end of the tail powder discharge pipe 16. Under the action of the induced draft fan, a negative pressure suction can be generated at the air outlet, and the material shaped by the shaping structure 3 flows upward under the action of this negative pressure suction. The air supply port 17 is located below the shaping structure 3, generally arranged on the bottom side wall of the housing 1. Two air supply ports 17 can be provided in total. The air supply port 17 has a square cross-section, and a plug board is provided in the air supply port 17, so that the opening and closing size can be adjusted manually. The air supply port 17 can increase the residence time of the coarse-grained natural graphite in the annular area, thereby reducing the misclassification of the spherical product of the coarse-grained graphite.

[0071] Generally, a hopper 141 is further connected to one end of the feed pipe 14 away from the housing 1. The hopper 141 is connected to the first end of the screw conveyor, and the second end of the screw conveyor is connected to a storage bin. The axis of the feed pipe 14 is generally arranged to incline downward from the hopper 141 towards the housing 1. A feed valve is installed on the feed pipe 14 to control the on-off here. The screw conveyor is arranged above the hopper 141, and the storage bin can be a metering storage bin. When the batch shaping device is in the shaping state, the feed valve is in the closed state. When the batch shaping device finishes shaping and discharges the finished product, the feed valve is in the open state. Coarse-grained graphite with an irregular weight and morphology according to the metering storage bin enters the shaping cavity 11 through the feed pipe 14 for internal circulation.

[0072] Further, the classification mechanism of the coarse-grained graphite is analyzed as follows:

[0073] The shape of the hammer head 32 has a significant impact on shaping and crushing. During the crushing process, since the coarse-grained graphite continuously undergoes internal circulation in the equipment, considering that the coarse-grained graphite requires less crushing energy than the fine-grained graphite, the coarse-grained graphite is more likely to be re-crushed to produce fine powder during the shaping process. The generation of fine powder will greatly increase the overall specific surface area and reduce the output of the coarse-grained natural graphite. Therefore, to avoid this situation, the existing original square hammer head is changed to a hook-shaped hammer head, and the edges and corners on the surface of the hammer head 32 are all rounded. During the clockwise rotation of the graphite shaping disk 31, the hook-shaped hammer head 32 hits the coarse-grained graphite with a circular surface, making it difficult for the coarse-grained graphite to be broken. The hook body is designed in an arc shape to reduce the resistance during the movement of the hammer head 32. At the same time, the hooked part plays a role in disturbing the flow, enabling the coarse-grained spherical graphite to continue to move along the rotation direction of the graphite shaping disk 31. Its structure is as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0074] To verify the actual effect of the hook-type hammer head and conduct a test comparison between the existing square hammer head and the hook-shaped hammer head of this embodiment:

[0075] Select raw materials with a particle size distribution D 50 of 17μm and a tapped density of about 0.74. The SEM images of the raw materials are as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown. Replace the hammer head 32 in the equipment of this embodiment with the existing square hammer head and conduct five tests according to different test parameters. The particle size, tapped density, and specific surface area results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0076] Table 1 Test parameters and results when installing the traditional square hammer head

[0077]

[0078] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, although the tapped density of the raw materials increased significantly after a short period of internal circulation in the equipment with the existing square hammer head installed, the tapped density increased by at least 0.15 g / cm 3 . However, it can be seen that the particle size distribution decreased significantly and the ball forming rate was not high. This may be because the sharp corners of the square hammer head caused the material to be subjected to greater crushing energy during the process of air flow swirling, resulting in the material being broken into pieces, generating a large amount of fine powder, leading to an overall too small particle size distribution, a larger specific surface area, and a low ball forming rate.

[0079] The above-mentioned raw materials were tested in the equipment of this embodiment with a hook-shaped hammer head installed according to different test parameters. The particle size, tapped density, specific surface area, and morphology evolution results are shown in Table 2 and Figures 6 to 11 as follows.

[0080] Table 2 Test parameters and results when installing a hook-shaped hammer head

[0081]

[0082] Among them, the main machine frequency in Table 1 and Table 2 refers to the rotation frequency of the shaping structure 3, the classification frequency refers to the rotation frequency of the classification impeller 2, and the fan frequency refers to the frequency of the induced draft fan. The ball forming rate is also the yield, that is, the recovery rate, which is equal to the discharge amount / feed amount.

[0083] According to the comparison of the results in Table 1 and Table 2, the equipment with the hook-shaped hammer head installed in this embodiment shows certain crushing and good shaping effects. While achieving the same ability to significantly improve the tapped density as the existing square hammer head, it can also ensure a certain recovery rate. Therefore, based on the above test results, in this embodiment, the hammer head 32 is designed as a hook-shaped hammer head, which can effectively improve the ball forming rate of the product and improve production efficiency.

[0084] In summary, the equipment of this embodiment is an efficient batch shaping equipment dedicated to coarse particle size natural graphite. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0085] (1) According to the following formula for the crushing energy required by the material during crushing:

[0086]

[0087] where E is the crushing energy required for crushing; D 前 and D 后 are the equivalent spherical diameter of the equal-area volume of the spherical-like material before and after crushing, respectively.

[0088] During the crushing process, as can be seen from the above formula, there are differences in the crushing energy of coarse and fine particle sizes. During the shaping process, coarse particle size graphite is more likely to be re-crushed to produce fine powder. The generation of fine powder will greatly increase the overall specific surface area and reduce the spheroidization rate of coarse particle size natural graphite. To avoid this situation, the cavity structure of the collaborative shaping equipment and the shape of the hammer head 32 are optimized in a coordinated manner. The "hook-shaped hammer head" is used to strike the coarse particle size graphite with a circular surface when the graphite shaping disk 31 rotates clockwise at high speed, making it difficult for the coarse particle size graphite to be broken. At the same time, the hook also plays a role in disturbing the flow, causing the coarse particle size graphite to continue to move along the rotation direction of the graphite shaping disk 31. Through this improvement, the tapped density can be quickly increased, and the yield can be greatly improved.

[0089] (2) Increasing the height of the shaping cavity 11 helps to fully disperse the coarse particle size natural graphite in the shaping cavity 11, helps to fully separate the tail powder with low surface energy adhering to the coarse particle size natural graphite during the classification process, and can improve the index values of D 00 and D 01 in the particle size distribution.

[0090] (3) In the existing graphite spheroidization technology, a method of connecting multiple shaping devices in series is mostly used. This device uses a single device for batch shaping, greatly reducing the number of machines and lowering the cost during the shaping process.

[0091] (4) A cylinder can also be provided at the finished product discharge port. The opening and closing of the air path of the pneumatic solenoid valve can be controlled by controlling the PLC, pushing the piston rod in the cylinder, and thus controlling the opening and closing of the discharge valve, so that the material can achieve internal circulation within a specified time in the shaping cavity 11.

[0092] (5) Coarse particle size natural graphite enters the shaping cavity 11 through the feed valve from the hopper 141. The coarse particle size graphite circulates in the shaping cavity 11, and the tailings are sorted and removed. The cylindrical shaping cavity 11 is increased in height, and an air supply port 17 is provided below to enable the material to fully reciprocate and circulate in the cavity. The morphology of the coarse particle size natural graphite tends to be spherical within 3 minutes of internal circulation time in the shaping cavity 11, the tapped density is significantly improved, and the yield is above 70%. The spherical graphite products with low tapped density processed by the traditional production line can be reprocessed to obtain a higher tapped density.

[0093] The above is only a schematic specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment, characterized in that: Used to produce coarse-grained spherical graphite products, the coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment includes: A housing having a shaped cavity; A grading impeller is rotatably disposed at the top of the shaping cavity; A shaping structure is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the shaping cavity, and includes at least one layer of graphite shaping disk, a plurality of hammers are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction on the top surface of the graphite shaping disk near the outer periphery, the hammers include a hook structure bent in the opposite direction of the rotation of the shaping structure, and the surface of the hook structure facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure is an arc surface; an annular gear ring is arranged at a position of the inner wall of the shaping cavity facing the shaping structure, at least part of the hook structure extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk and a gap is left between the annular gear ring; Wherein, the hook head structure includes an inclined straight line segment, a first arc segment and a second arc segment connected in sequence from its inner end to the outer end, the length direction of the inclined straight line segment is inclined from the inside of the shaping cavity to the outside toward the rotation direction of the shaping structure relative to the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity, and the inclination angle is 15-30°, and the length of the inclined straight line segment is 10-20mm; the inclined straight line segment and the first arc segment are smoothly transitioned and connected, the arc radius of the first arc segment is 20-30mm, the arc radius of the second arc segment is 5-10mm, and the width of the second arc segment along the radial direction gradually decreases toward the outer end of the hook head structure, and the gap between the hook head structure and the annular gear ring is 3-5 mm.

2. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hammer head also includes an extension rod, the hook structure is located outside the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk, one end of the extension rod extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk and is connected to the inner end of the hook structure, and the length direction of the extension rod extends along the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity.

3. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaping drive device is provided at the bottom of the shell, and the shaping drive device can be connected to the shaping structure and is used to drive the shaping structure to rotate.

4. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grading impeller comprises a top frame and a bottom plate which are arranged in an upper and lower interval, a diverter fence connected between the top frame and the bottom plate, and a rotating shaft. The lower end of the rotating shaft is connected to the bottom plate to drive the bottom plate to rotate.

5. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diverter fence includes a plurality of diverter rods evenly spaced in the circumferential direction, and two ends of the diverter rods are respectively connected to the outer edge positions of the top frame and the bottom plate.

6. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: An impeller driving device is also provided on the top of the shell, and the impeller driving device can be connected to the rotating shaft and is used to drive the classifying impeller to rotate.

7. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is a cylindrical barrel, and the height of the shell is 1000-1100mm.

8. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed pipe and a finished product discharge pipe are connected to the side of the shell in an on-off manner, an air outlet is provided at the top of the shell facing the grading impeller, and a tail powder discharge pipe is connected to the on-off manner; a discharge valve is provided on the finished product discharge pipe, and the discharge valve can be automatically opened after a preset time of material shaping to complete the discharge; The tail powder discharging pipe is also connected with an induced draft fan, and the bottom of the shell is also provided with an air supply port which can be communicated with the shaping cavity.

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