Grinding rotor and vertical nanosand mill having the same

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of grinding rotor, including top wall, and with top wall connection side wall, grinding rotor inside is opened with grinding inner cavity, the outer periphery of side wall is provided with multiple grinding bars, the cross-sectional area of grinding bar is along the decreasing trend of grinding rotor radial direction from inside to outside, at least part grinding bar is provided with first inclined plane in the face side along the direction of rotation of grinding rotor, first inclined plane is arranged with horizontal plane angle;Side wall is provided with several heterodirectional variable-diameter channels, each heterodirectional variable-diameter channel is gradually tapered from inside to outside, each heterodirectional variable-diameter channel includes top surface, first side, bottom surface and second side connected in sequence, top surface and bottom surface are arranged with angle between them. Through the design of grinding bar and heterodirectional variable-diameter channel and cooperate with separating wheel assembly, avoid forming grinding dead zone in grinding cavity, and effectively improve the grinding efficiency and grinding uniformity.The present application also relates to vertical nanometer sand mill with the grinding rotor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sand milling equipment, and in particular to a grinding rotor and a vertical nano-sand mill having the grinding rotor. Background Technology

[0002] A nano-grinding mill is a high-efficiency device used for ultrafine grinding, especially for the dispersion and grinding of nanoscale materials. During operation, a high-speed rotating grinding rotor energizes the grinding media (such as zirconium balls) and the material. High-frequency collisions and friction occur between the grinding media and between the grinding media and the grinding barrel wall. Under the extrusion and shearing action of the grinding media, the particle size of the material is ground to the nanoscale. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN215507082U discloses a grinding mill with a centrifugal separator. This grinding mill includes a grinding barrel, within which a grinding chamber is formed, containing material and grinding media. A rotating shaft extends into the grinding chamber, and grinding blocks are mounted on the shaft. The centrifugal separator is also mounted on the shaft, including an upper flange and a lower flange on the shaft. Several separation blades are arranged between the upper and lower flanges, with gaps between adjacent separation blades. The centrifugal separator used in this utility model does not clog and has a good separation effect.

[0003] However, the grinding blocks (i.e., grinding rotors) in the above-mentioned grinding mill can only impart a velocity component along the circumferential direction to the grinding media and grinding materials, resulting in low grinding efficiency. Moreover, the grinding media and grinding materials in the above-mentioned grinding chamber are difficult to form local circulation, and the grinding media and grinding materials are prone to accumulate and form grinding dead zones, which leads to poor grinding uniformity of the materials.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a technical solution to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a grinding rotor and a vertical nano-sand mill having the grinding rotor, which can solve the technical problems of low grinding efficiency, easy accumulation of grinding media and grinding materials to form grinding dead zones, resulting in poor grinding uniformity of materials in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a grinding rotor, which includes a top wall and a side wall connected to the outer edge of the top wall. The side wall is cylindrical, and a grinding cavity is formed inside the grinding rotor. A plurality of grinding rods are arranged on the outer periphery of the side wall, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the grinding rods decreases from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the grinding rotor. At least some of the grinding rods are provided with a first inclined plane on the facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor, and the first inclined plane is set at an angle to the horizontal plane. A plurality of opposite-directional diameter changing channels are provided through the side wall, and each opposite-directional diameter changing channel gradually narrows from the inside to the outside. Each opposite-directional diameter changing channel includes a top surface, a first side surface, a bottom surface, and a second side surface connected in sequence, and the top surface and the bottom surface are set at an angle.

[0007] Furthermore, the first side and the second side of the anisotropic variable diameter channel are arranged parallel to each other, and the projection of the first side on the horizontal plane is at an angle to the radial direction of the sidewall.

[0008] Furthermore, the grinding rods are evenly arranged in multiple rows on the outer periphery of the sidewall. Each row of grinding rods is arranged between two adjacent anisotropic variable diameter channels, and each row of grinding rods includes an upper rod, at least one middle rod, and a lower rod arranged sequentially from top to bottom.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the grinding rods is provided with a first inclined plane on its facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor, and each of the first inclined planes is facing downwards.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the grinding rods has a first inclined plane on its facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor. The first inclined plane of each upper rod faces downward, and the first inclined plane of each lower rod faces upward. The first inclined plane of the middle rod faces upward or downward. When there is only one middle rod in each column of grinding rods, the middle rods with the first inclined plane facing upward and the middle rods with the first inclined plane facing downward are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. When there is more than one middle rod in each column of grinding rods, the middle rods with the first inclined plane facing upward and the middle rods with the first inclined plane facing downward are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction and also alternately in the vertical direction.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the upper and lower bars is provided with a first inclined plane on its facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor. The first inclined plane of each upper bar faces downward and the first inclined plane of each lower bar faces upward. Each of the middle bars is provided with an arc surface on its facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a vertical nano-sand mill, wherein the vertical nano-sand mill has a grinding rotor as described in any one of claims, and the vertical nano-sand mill further includes a frame, a grinding cylinder, a separating wheel assembly, a drive mechanism, and a main shaft. The drive mechanism and the main shaft are both mounted on the frame, and the drive mechanism is used to drive the main shaft to rotate relative to the frame. The grinding rotor is disposed inside the grinding cylinder, and the separating wheel assembly is disposed in the grinding cavity. The separating wheel assembly includes a separating wheel seat, and the center of the top of the separating wheel seat is a discharge area. The top of the separating wheel seat is uniformly provided with multiple separating protrusions around the discharge area. A separating discharge channel communicating with the discharge area is formed between adjacent separating protrusions. The separating discharge channel is curved and gradually expands from the outside to the inside. A main shaft discharge channel is opened inside the main shaft. The bottom end of the main shaft passes through the top of the grinding cylinder and the top wall of the grinding rotor in sequence and extends to the discharge area of ​​the separating wheel assembly. The main shaft discharge channel communicates with the discharge area. The grinding rotor and the separating wheel assembly both rotate synchronously with the main shaft.

[0013] Further, the separating protrusion includes a first arcuate surface, a second arcuate surface, and a connecting surface connected in sequence. The first arcuate surface and the second arcuate surface both extend along the direction from the center position to the edge position of the separating wheel seat, and the connecting surface is located near the edge position of the separating wheel seat. Along the rotation direction of the separating wheel seat, the second arcuate surface in one separating protrusion and the first arcuate surface in the next separating protrusion form the separating discharge channel. Along the rotation direction of the separating wheel seat, the connecting surface includes a small rounded surface, a third arcuate surface, and a large rounded surface in sequence. The small rounded surface is connected to the end of the first arcuate surface away from the center position, and the large rounded surface is connected to the end of the second arcuate surface away from the center position.

[0014] Furthermore, the projections of the first, second, and third arcuate surfaces onto the horizontal plane are respectively the first arcuate line, the second arcuate line, and the third arcuate line; within the same separating protrusion, the point on the third arcuate line with the longest distance from the rotation center of the separating wheel seat is farther from the outer endpoint of the first arcuate line than it is farther from the outer endpoint of the second arcuate line, and the distance between the center of curvature of the third arcuate line and the outer endpoint of the first arcuate line is smaller than the distance between the center of curvature of the third arcuate line and the outer endpoint of the second arcuate line.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the separating wheel seat is uniformly provided with a plurality of strip-shaped propulsion protrusions around the central position. Along the rotation direction of the separating wheel seat, each strip-shaped propulsion protrusion has a second inclined plane on its front side and a vertical plane on its back side. The vertical plane is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the separating wheel seat and is set at an angle to the radial direction of the separating wheel seat. The second inclined plane is set at an angle to the bottom surface of the separating wheel seat.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) By setting multiple grinding blocks, and at least some of the grinding blocks are provided with a first inclined plane on the facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor, when the grinding rotor rotates, the first inclined plane imparts the grinding medium and material with the velocity components along the circumferential and vertical directions of the grinding rotor, thereby increasing the grinding collision frequency and internal circulation rate between the grinding media and between the grinding media and the grinding cylinder wall, and effectively improving the grinding efficiency.

[0018] (2) By providing several counter-directional variable diameter channels through the side wall, the grinding media and grinding materials enter and exit the grinding cavity through the space at the bottom of the grinding rotor and the counter-directional variable diameter channels, forming a local circulation between the inner and outer grinding cavities. Since the counter-directional variable diameter channels gradually narrow from the inside to the outside, the probability of the grinding media on the outer periphery of the grinding rotor entering the grinding cavity through the counter-directional variable diameter channels is effectively reduced. At the same time, the speed of the grinding media and large-diameter material particles in the grinding cavity flowing out to the outer periphery of the grinding rotor can be accelerated, thus forming a unidirectional circulation, playing a certain role in classification and pre-separation, effectively shortening the cycle of local circulation of the grinding media, avoiding the accumulation of grinding media to form a grinding dead zone, and improving the grinding uniformity.

[0019] (3) By setting a separation wheel assembly in the grinding cavity of the grinding rotor, the grinding rotor and the separation wheel assembly work together to grind and separate the grinding material. The grinding media forms a multi-level local circulation under the action of the grinding rod, the strip-shaped propulsion protrusion and the opposite diameter channel, eliminating the grinding dead zone. The grinding material forms a two-level classification under the action of the converging vortex and the curvature peeling protrusion structure, and forms a three-level separation under the action of the opposite diameter channel, the curvature peeling protrusion structure and the separation discharge channel, which greatly improves the grinding efficiency and the grinding uniformity. In addition, the specially designed grinding rotor makes the grinding action on the grinding material mainly friction shear and supplemented by collision and extrusion, so that the grinding action on the grinding material is more gentle and effectively improves the concentration of the particle size distribution of the grinding material. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the grinding rotor of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the grinding rotor of the present invention from another angle.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a grinding rotor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grinding rotor in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vertical nano-sand mill of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main shaft, the separating wheel assembly, and the grinding rotor of the present invention combined together.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the main shaft, the separating wheel assembly, and the grinding rotor of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the movement path of the grinding media inside the grinding cylinder of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the separator wheel assembly of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the separator wheel assembly of the present invention from another angle.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a top view of the separator wheel assembly of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12This is a top view of the separation bump structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure sensor, discharge cylinder, main shaft, and second pulley of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 2-Grinding cylinder; 3-Grinding rotor; 31-Grinding cavity; 32-Grinding rod; 320-First inclined plane; 321-Upper rod; 322-Middle rod; 323-Lower rod; 324-Arc surface; 325-Vertical surface; 33-Anisotropic diameter changing channel; 331-Top surface; 332-First side surface; 333-Bottom surface; 334-Second side surface; 34-Top wall; 341-Snap-fit ​​through hole; 342-Snap-fit ​​groove; 35-Side wall; 4-Separation wheel assembly; 41-Separation wheel seat; 42-Discharge area; 43-Separation protrusion; 431-First arc surface; 432-Second arc surface; 433-Connecting curved surface; 4 331-Small rounded surface; 4332-Third arc-shaped surface; 4333-Large rounded surface; 44-Separation discharge channel; 45-Fixing ring; 46-Connecting through hole; 47-Strip-shaped propulsion protrusion; 471-Vertical plane; 472-Second inclined plane; 5-Drive mechanism; 51-Motor; 52-First pulley; 53-Second pulley; 6-Main shaft; 61-Main shaft discharge channel; 611-Large diameter section; 612-Transition section; 613-Small diameter section; 62-Discharge connection channel; 7-Discharge cylinder; 71-Discharge through hole; 8-Baffle; 81-Baffle through hole; 9-Feeding mechanism; 10-Frame; 11-Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. The content mentioned in the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1-4As shown, the present invention provides a grinding rotor 3, which includes a top wall 34 and a side wall 35 connected to the outer edge of the top wall 34. The side wall 35 is cylindrical. A grinding cavity 31 is formed inside the grinding rotor 3. A plurality of grinding rods 32 are arranged on the outer periphery of the side wall 35. The cross-sectional area of ​​the grinding rods 32 decreases from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the grinding rotor 3. At least some of the grinding rods 32 are provided with a first inclined plane 320 on the facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor 3. The first inclined plane 320 is set at an angle to the horizontal plane. Specifically, the angle between the first inclined plane 320 and the horizontal plane is in the range of 30° to 90°. Among the grinding rods 32, those facing the horizontal plane are arranged with a first inclined plane 320 at an angle to the horizontal plane. One side is set as a vertical surface 325. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the grinding rod 32 decreases from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the grinding rotor 3, the first inclined plane 320 and the vertical surface 325 are also set at an angle along the radial direction of the grinding rotor 3. Specifically, the angle between the first inclined plane 320 and the vertical surface 325 along the radial direction of the grinding rotor 3 is in the range of 0° to 60°. Several opposite-direction variable diameter channels 33 are provided through the side wall 35. Each opposite-direction variable diameter channel 33 gradually narrows from the inside to the outside. Each opposite-direction variable diameter channel 33 includes a top surface 331, a first side surface 332, a bottom surface 333 and a second side surface 334 connected in sequence. The top surface 331 and the bottom surface 333 are set at an angle. Specifically, the bottom surface 333 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the top surface 331 is inclined downward from the inside to the outside. Specifically, the angle between the bottom surface 333 and the top surface 331 is in the range of 0° to 60°, so that the anisotropic variable diameter channel 33 gradually narrows from the inside to the outside. The first side surface 332 and the second side surface 334 can be arranged parallel to each other or at an angle.

[0039] In this embodiment, by setting multiple grinding rods 32, the cross-sectional area of ​​the grinding rods 32 decreases from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the grinding rotor 3. When the grinding rotor 3 rotates, the grinding rods 32 can impart a velocity component to the grinding medium along the radial direction of the grinding rotor. Furthermore, at least some of the grinding rods 32 are provided with a first inclined plane 320 on the facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor 3. When the grinding rotor 3 rotates, the first inclined plane 320 imparts a velocity component to the grinding medium and grinding material along the circumferential and vertical directions of the grinding rotor 3, thereby increasing the grinding collision frequency and internal circulation rate between the grinding media and between the grinding media and the wall of the grinding cylinder, effectively improving the grinding efficiency. Furthermore, several counter-directional variable diameter channels 33 are provided through the side wall 35. The grinding media and grinding materials enter and exit the grinding cavity 31 through the space at the bottom of the grinding rotor 3 and the counter-directional variable diameter channels 33, forming a local circulation between the inner and outer grinding cavities. Since the counter-directional variable diameter channels 33 gradually narrow from the inside to the outside, the probability of the grinding media on the outer periphery of the grinding rotor 3 entering the grinding cavity 31 through the counter-directional variable diameter channels 33 is effectively reduced. At the same time, the speed at which the grinding media and large-diameter material particles in the grinding cavity 31 flow out to the outer periphery of the grinding rotor 3 is accelerated, thereby forming a unidirectional circulation, playing a certain role in classification and pre-separation, effectively shortening the cycle of local circulation of the grinding media, avoiding the accumulation of grinding media to form grinding dead zones, and improving the grinding uniformity.

[0040] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first side 332 and the second side 334 of the anisotropic diameter channel 33 are arranged parallel to each other, and the projection of the first side 332 on the horizontal plane is at an angle to the radial direction of the sidewall 35. In this embodiment, by setting the orientation of the anisotropic diameter channel 33 at a certain angle to the radial direction of the grinding rotor 3, it is beneficial to separate the grinding media and large-diameter material particles close to the sidewall 35 in the grinding cavity 31 to the grinding main functional area on the outer periphery of the grinding rotor 3, thereby playing a certain role in classification and separation; and setting the first side 332 and the second side 334 parallel facilitates the processing of the anisotropic diameter channel 33 in actual production.

[0041] Preferably, such as Figure 1-4As shown, the grinding rods 32 are evenly arranged in multiple rows on the outer periphery of the sidewall 35. Each row of grinding rods 32 is positioned between two adjacent anisotropic variable diameter channels 33, and each row of grinding rods 32 includes, from top to bottom, an upper rod 321, at least one middle rod 322, and a lower rod 323. In this embodiment, by setting a row of grinding rods 32 between two adjacent anisotropic variable diameter channels 33, when the grinding media and grinding material flow from the anisotropic variable diameter channel 33 to the outer periphery of the grinding rotor 3, they can immediately collide and be squeezed with the grinding rods 32, flowing into the channel between the grinding rods 32, and then flowing into the next anisotropic variable diameter channel 33 along the channel between the grinding rods 32. This effectively increases the collision frequency between the grinding material and the grinding media, thereby improving the grinding efficiency.

[0042] Preferably, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, each of the grinding rods 32 has a first inclined plane 320 on its facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor 3, and each first inclined plane 320 is downwardly oriented. In this embodiment, by providing a first inclined plane 320 on the facing side of each grinding rod 32 along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor 3, the grinding media and grinding materials, when in contact with each grinding rod 32, can impart velocity components along the circumferential rotation of the grinding rotor 3 and along the vertical direction to the grinding media and grinding materials, effectively increasing the grinding collision frequency and internal circulation speed between the grinding media and materials, thereby improving grinding efficiency.

[0043] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, each of the grinding rod blocks 32 has a first inclined plane 320 on its facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor 3. The first inclined plane 320 of each upper rod block 321 is downward, and the first inclined plane 320 of each lower rod block 323 is upward. The first inclined plane 320 of the middle rod block 322 is either upward or downward. When there is only one middle rod block 322 in each column of grinding rod blocks 32, the middle rod block 322 with the first inclined plane 320 facing upward and the middle rod block 322 with the first inclined plane 320 facing downward are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. When there is more than one middle rod block 322 in each column of grinding rod blocks 32, the middle rod block 322 with the first inclined plane 320 facing upward and the middle rod block 322 with the first inclined plane 320 facing downward are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction and also alternately in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, by arranging the first inclined planes 320 of the upper rod block 321, the middle rod block 322, and the lower rod block 323 in different directions, the movement trajectory of the grinding media and the grinding material is controlled. Taking the example of having only one middle rod block 322, the movement trajectory of the grinding media and the grinding material is controlled as follows: Figure 3As indicated by the arrows, the grinding media and grinding material in contact with the first inclined plane 320 of the upper bar 321 move radially and downward, while the grinding media and grinding material in contact with the first inclined plane 320 of the lower bar 323 move circumferentially and upward along the grinding rotor 3. This causes the grinding media and grinding material to move towards the center of the grinding rotor 3, thereby increasing the frequency of mutual collision and compression between the grinding media and grinding material. Furthermore, the alternating arrangement of the middle bars 322 with different orientations allows the grinding media and grinding material to alternately converge, collide, and compress in the upper channel between the upper bar 321 and the middle bar 322, and in the lower channel between the middle bar 322 and the lower bar 323, further increasing the frequency of mutual collision and compression between the grinding media and grinding material, thereby effectively improving the grinding efficiency of the sand mill.

[0044] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, each upper rod 321 and each lower rod 323 has a first inclined plane 320 on its facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor 3. The first inclined plane 320 of each upper rod 321 faces downward, and the first inclined plane 320 of each lower rod 323 faces upward. Each middle rod 322 has an arc surface 324 on its facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor 3. In this embodiment, taking a single middle rod 322 as an example, the movement trajectory of the grinding media and grinding material is as follows: Figure 4 As indicated by the arrows, the first inclined planes 320 of the upper and lower bars 321 and 323 also cause the grinding media and grinding materials to move towards the center of the grinding rotor 3. Simultaneously, the facing side of the middle bar 322 is provided with an arc surface 324, ensuring that the grinding media and grinding materials collide and compress in the upper channel between the upper and middle bars 321 and the lower channel between the middle and lower bars 323 as they pass through each row of grinding bars 32. This further increases the frequency of collision and compression between the grinding media and grinding materials, effectively improving the grinding efficiency of the sand mill. Furthermore, providing an arc surface 324 on the facing side of the middle bar 322 helps reduce wear on the facing side during collisions, extending its service life.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] like Figure 5-7As shown, the present invention also provides a vertical nano-grinding mill, which has a grinding rotor 3 as described in any one of Embodiment 1. The vertical nano-grinding mill further includes a frame 10, a grinding cylinder 2, a separating wheel assembly 4, a drive mechanism 5, and a main shaft 6. The drive mechanism 5 and the main shaft 6 are both mounted on the frame 10. The drive mechanism 5 is used to drive the main shaft 6 to rotate relative to the frame 10. The grinding rotor 3 is disposed inside the grinding cylinder 2, and the separating wheel assembly 4 is disposed in the grinding cavity 31. The separating wheel assembly 4 includes a separating wheel seat 41, and the center position of the top of the separating wheel seat 41 is the discharge area 42. The top of the wheel seat 41 is uniformly provided with a plurality of separation protrusions 43 surrounding the discharge area 42. A separation discharge channel 44 communicating with the discharge area 42 is formed between adjacent separation protrusions 43. The separation discharge channel 44 is curved and gradually expands from the outside to the inside. The main shaft 6 has a main shaft discharge channel 61 inside. The bottom end of the main shaft 6 passes through the top of the grinding cylinder 2, the top wall 34 of the grinding rotor 3, and extends to the discharge area 42 of the separation wheel assembly 4. The main shaft discharge channel 61 communicates with the discharge area 42. The grinding rotor 3 and the separation wheel assembly 4 both rotate synchronously with the main shaft 6. The drive mechanism 5 specifically includes a motor 51, a first pulley 52 connected to the output end of the motor 51, and a second pulley 53 sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 6. The first pulley 52 and the second pulley 53 are connected by a synchronous belt. In other embodiments, the drive mechanism 5 can also be other types of drive mechanisms, which will not be described in detail here. Furthermore, a snap-fit ​​hole 341 is provided in the top wall 34, and a snap-fit ​​groove 342 communicating with the snap-fit ​​hole 341 is formed on the hole wall. The main shaft 6 is inserted into the snap-fit ​​hole 341 and cooperates with the snap-fit ​​groove 342, so that the main shaft 6 can drive the grinding rotor 3 to rotate synchronously. In addition, a feeding mechanism 9 is provided at the upper end of the grinding cylinder 2. The feeding mechanism 9 communicates with the interior of the grinding cylinder 2 and feeds grinding media and grinding materials into the interior of the grinding cylinder 2 through the feeding mechanism 9. A discharge port is also provided at the bottom of the grinding cylinder 2. When it is necessary to clean the interior of the grinding cylinder 2, the discharge port can be opened to discharge the grinding media and residues inside the grinding cylinder 2.

[0047] In actual operation, the grinding material enters the grinding chamber 31 through the feeding mechanism 9 at the top of the grinding cylinder 2. The drive mechanism 5 drives the main shaft 6 to rotate at high speed, thereby causing the grinding rotor 3 and the separation wheel assembly 4 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the grinding rotor 3 and the separation wheel assembly 4 causes the grinding material and grinding media inside the grinding cylinder 2 to move, thus driving the grinding media to perform high-frequency impact, shearing, and friction on the material, thereby achieving grinding. The material, grinding slurry, and grinding media enter the grinding chamber 31. Multiple separation protrusions 43 are set on the top of the separation wheel seat 41 to form multiple separation discharge channels 44. The ground slurry enters the discharge area 42 through the separation discharge channels 44 and flows to the main shaft discharge channel 61, finally being discharged outwards. Furthermore, the grinding rotor and separation wheel assembly work together to increase the local circulation rate of the grinding media and reduce the proportion of grinding media in the separation chamber. The specific movement path of the grinding media inside the grinding cylinder 2 under the interaction of the grinding rotor and separation wheel assembly is as follows: Figure 8 As indicated by the middle arrow.

[0048] Preferably, such as Figure 8-11 As shown, the separating protrusion 43 includes a first arcuate surface 431, a second arcuate surface 432, and a connecting curved surface 433 connected in sequence. The first arcuate surface 431 and the second arcuate surface 432 both extend along the direction from the center to the edge of the separating wheel seat 41. The connecting curved surface 433 is located near the edge of the separating wheel seat 41. Along the rotation direction of the separating wheel seat 41, the second arcuate surface 432 of one separating protrusion 43 connects to the first arcuate surface 431 of the next separating protrusion 43. The separation discharge channel 44 is formed in the middle. Specifically, the radius of curvature of the first arc surface 431 is greater than or equal to the radius of curvature of the second arc surface 432. Along the rotation direction of the separation wheel seat 41, the connecting surface 433 sequentially includes a small rounded surface 4331, a third arc surface 4332 and a large rounded surface 4333. The small rounded surface 4331 is connected to the end of the first arc surface 431 away from the center position, and the large rounded surface 4333 is connected to the end of the second arc surface 432 away from the center position.

[0049] Preferably, such as Figure 8-12As shown, the projections of the first arc surface 431, the second arc surface 432, and the third arc surface 4332 onto the horizontal plane are the first arc line, the second arc line, and the third arc line, respectively. In the same separating protrusion 43, the distance between the point C on the third arc line that is longest between itself and the rotation center X of the separating wheel seat 41 and the outer endpoint A of the first arc line is greater than the distance d1 between itself and the outer endpoint B of the second arc line. The distance d3 between the curvature center O of the third arc line and the outer endpoint A of the first arc line is less than the distance d4 between the curvature center O of the third arc line and the outer endpoint B of the second arc line.

[0050] In this embodiment, point C, which has the longest distance between the third arc line and the rotation center X, is actually the point with the highest linear velocity on the third arc surface. The distance d1 between point C and the outer endpoint A of the first arc line is greater than the distance d2 between point C and the outer endpoint B of the second arc line. That is, point C is located close to the large rounded surface 4333, thereby forming a curvature peeling protrusion structure on the outer side of the third arc surface 4332 of each separation protrusion 43. When the material on the outer periphery of the separation wheel assembly 4 flows through the third arc surface 4332, the grinding media and large particle size... Under the action of centrifugal force, the material particles are easily separated from the separating wheel assembly 4 at point C in advance. Under the action of Coanda effect, the small-diameter material flows in the form of a liquid film along the third arc surface 4332 toward the separation discharge channel 44, and flows out to the discharge area 42 through the separation discharge channel 44. The early separation of the grinding media and the large-diameter material particles can effectively reduce the proportion of grinding media in the slurry entering the separation discharge channel 44, and effectively prevent the grinding media on the outer periphery of the separating wheel assembly 4 from approaching the separation area, thereby realizing the classification and pre-separation functions. Furthermore, by setting the relationship between the distance d3 between the curvature center O of the third arc and the outer endpoint A of the first arc, and the distance d4 between the curvature center O of the third arc and the outer endpoint B of the second arc, the ratio of the arc lengths of the first arc surface 431 and the second arc surface 432, as well as the ratio of the radii of curvature between the small rounded surface 4331 and the large rounded surface 4333, are restricted. Specifically, the longer arc length of the first arc surface 431 helps to provide greater separation. Dynamic pressure, thereby improving the separation efficiency of the separation wheel assembly 4. The arc length of the second arc surface 432 is shorter, which helps to reduce the frictional resistance of the grinding slurry flowing out of the discharge zone 42 and increase the outflow rate of the grinding slurry. The radius of curvature of the large rounded surface 4333 determines the position of the maximum separation point where the grinding medium flows into the separation wheel assembly 4 at the outer end inlet of the separation discharge channel 44. The radius of curvature of the small rounded surface 4331 determines the film thickness of the grinding slurry flowing in liquid film form at the outer end inlet of the separation discharge channel 44 under the action of the Coanda effect.

[0051] Preferably, such as Figure 8-11As shown, the bottom surface of the separating wheel seat 41 is uniformly provided with multiple strip-shaped propulsion protrusions 47 around the central position. Along the rotation direction of the separating wheel seat 41, each strip-shaped propulsion protrusion 47 has a second inclined plane 472 on its facing side and a vertical plane 471 on its back side. The vertical plane 471 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the separating wheel seat 41 and forms an angle with the radial direction of the separating wheel seat 41. The second inclined plane 472 also forms an angle with the bottom surface of the separating wheel seat 41. In this embodiment, by providing the strip-shaped propulsion protrusions 47, when the separating wheel assembly 4 rotates, along the rotation direction, the second inclined plane 472 of the strip-shaped propulsion protrusions 47 imparts radial and circumferential tangential velocity components to the grinding material and grinding media, thereby driving the grinding material and grinding media at the bottom of the grinding area to circulate inside the grinding cylinder 2, increasing the collision frequency between the material and the grinding media, thus improving grinding efficiency and avoiding the formation of a grinding dead zone at the bottom of the grinding cylinder 2.

[0052] Preferably, such as Figure 8-11 As shown, a fixing ring 45 is provided in the discharge zone 42, and a plurality of connecting through holes 46 are provided in the separation wheel seat 41 located inside the fixing ring 45; the separation protrusion 43 is detachably connected to the separation wheel seat 41. In this embodiment, by providing the fixing ring 45 and connecting through holes 46 in the discharge zone 42, it is convenient to fix the external discharge mechanism, such as the main shaft 6, in the discharge zone 42, so that the grinding slurry flowing from the separation discharge channel 44 to the discharge zone 42 is discharged outward from the external discharge mechanism. Furthermore, by setting the separation protrusion 43 to be detachably connected to the separation wheel seat 41, on the one hand, the separation wheel seat 41 and the separation protrusion 43 can be processed separately, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty of the separation wheel assembly 4; on the other hand, since the separation protrusion 43 will collide with the grinding media, it is easy for the separation protrusion 43 to wear; when a certain separation protrusion 43 wears out, only the separation protrusion 43 needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire separation wheel assembly 4, thus extending the service life of the entire separation wheel assembly 4 and reducing production costs.

[0053] In this embodiment, the grinding rotor 3 and the separation wheel assembly 4 disposed inside it work together to grind and separate the grinding material. The specific grinding and separation mechanism is as follows: the grinding material and grinding media are given velocity components along the circumferential and vertical directions of the grinding rotor 3 under the action of the grinding rod block 32 with the first inclined plane 320. The grinding media and grinding material located at the bottom of the grinding cavity 31 are given radial and circumferential tangential velocity components under the action of the strip-shaped push protrusion 47 of the separation wheel assembly 4. Thus, the grinding material is ground and crushed under the action of collision, compression and friction shear between the grinding media and between the grinding media and the grinding cylinder 2. In addition, the convergence of the grinding media and grinding material in the bottom area of ​​the grinding cylinder 2 and other areas increases the collision and compression frequency between the grinding media, thereby increasing the turbulence of the grinding slurry and breaking it into many small-scale and dense vortices. The grinding material is uniformly dispersed under the action of turbulence and vortices, which helps to improve the uniformity of grinding. Furthermore, the grinding media and larger-diameter grinding materials located in the middle area of ​​the grinding rotor 3 and the separating wheel assembly 4 are stripped off by the curvature peeling protrusion structure on the outside of the separating protrusion 43 and the centrifugal force. Then, under the action of the anisotropic diameter channel 33, they flow to the outer periphery of the grinding rotor 3 to form a local circulation. Under the action of the Coanda effect, the smaller-diameter materials flow out in the form of a liquid film through the separation discharge channel 44 to the discharge area 42, thereby realizing the classification and pre-separation functions. Therefore, during the grinding process, the grinding media forms multi-level local circulation under the action of the specially designed grinding rods 32, strip-shaped propulsion protrusions 47, and anisotropic variable diameter channels 33, eliminating grinding dead zones. Furthermore, the grinding material forms two-level classification under the action of converging vortices and curvature peeling protrusions, and three-level separation under the action of anisotropic variable diameter channels 33, curvature peeling protrusions, and separation discharge channels 44, significantly improving grinding efficiency and grinding uniformity. Moreover, the specially designed grinding rotor 3 makes the grinding action on the grinding material mainly friction and shearing, supplemented by collision and extrusion, thus making the grinding action on the grinding material gentler and effectively improving the concentration of particle size distribution of the ground material.

[0054] Preferably, such as Figure 5 , 12As shown in Figure -13, the system also includes a discharge cylinder 7. The top end of the main shaft 6 extends into the interior of the discharge cylinder 7. The top end of the main shaft discharge channel 61 penetrates the top wall of the main shaft 6 to communicate with the interior of the discharge cylinder 7. Several discharge connection channels 62 communicating with the main shaft discharge channel 61 are provided along the outer periphery of the main shaft discharge channel 61 at the bottom of the main shaft 6. The ends of the several discharge connection channels 62 away from the main shaft discharge channel 61 extend downwards at an angle relative to the central axis of the main shaft 6 and penetrate the side wall of the main shaft 6. The projections of the several discharge connection channels 62 on the horizontal plane form an angle with the radial direction of the main shaft 6. Specifically, a discharge through hole 71 is provided on the side wall of the discharge cylinder 7.

[0055] In this embodiment, 3-4 discharge connection channels 62 are uniformly arranged around the side wall of the main shaft 6. The grinding slurry flowing to the discharge area 42 of the separation wheel assembly 4 can enter the main shaft discharge channel 61 through several discharge connection channels 62, thereby increasing the discharge rate of the grinding slurry. Furthermore, the several discharge connection channels 62 are inclined upward relative to the main shaft discharge channel 61. Compared with the horizontally arranged discharge connection channels, this helps to increase the resistance of the grinding media from the discharge connection channels 62 to the main shaft discharge channel 61, further reducing the probability of the grinding media entering the main shaft discharge channel 61. It also facilitates the grinding media to fall back into the separation wheel assembly 4 from the discharge connection channels 62 under the action of gravity, further improving the separation effect between the grinding slurry and the grinding media. In addition, when the vertical nano-sand mill is started, some grinding media may flow into the discharge connection channel 62 and the main shaft discharge channel 61. After the mill starts running, the material and grinding media will be given a rotational circumferential speed component when they flow through the discharge connection channel 62. Under the action of drag and gravity, they will fall back into the separator wheel assembly 4, thereby avoiding the occurrence of ball running phenomenon during start-up.

[0056] Preferably, such as Figure 12-13As shown, the main shaft discharge channel 61 includes, from top to bottom, a large-diameter section 611, a transition section 612, and a small-diameter section 613. A pressure sensor 11 is installed at the top of the discharge cylinder 7, and the detection end of the pressure sensor 11 passes through the top of the discharge cylinder 7 and extends into the interior of the large-diameter section 611. In this embodiment, by setting the transition section 612 and the large-diameter section 611 near the outlet of the main shaft discharge channel 61, on the one hand, it facilitates the provision of installation space for the detection end of the pressure sensor 11, which is used to detect the pressure in the main shaft discharge channel 61 in real time; on the other hand, the inner diameter of the transition section 612 gradually increases relative to the inner diameter of the small-diameter section 613. When the inner diameter increases, the flow rate of the grinding slurry slows down, thereby increasing the viscous resistance of the grinding media rising with the grinding slurry and reducing the movement speed of the grinding media. This makes it easier for the grinding media to fall back under its own gravity, further effectively reducing the possibility of the grinding media being discharged outward.

[0057] Preferably, such as Figure 12 and 13 As shown, a baffle 8 is fixed at the top of the main shaft 6, and a baffle through hole 81 communicating with the main shaft discharge channel 61 is opened in the middle of the baffle 8. The inner diameter of the baffle through hole 81 decreases from bottom to top. Specifically, the inner diameter of the lower end of the baffle through hole 81 is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the large diameter section 611, while the inner diameter of the upper end of the baffle through hole 81 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower end of the baffle through hole 81. This makes the inner wall of the baffle through hole 81 inclined from the outside to the inside. When a small amount of grinding media enters the main shaft discharge channel 61, most of the grinding media falls to the bottom of the main shaft discharge channel 61 under its own gravity and falls back into the separation wheel assembly 4 through the discharge connection channel 62. A very small amount of grinding media will spiral up along the side wall of the main shaft discharge channel 61 to the top of the main shaft discharge channel 61 under the rotation of the main shaft 6. At this time, the inclined inner wall of the baffle through hole 81 of the baffle 8 can effectively block this part of the grinding media, preventing the grinding media from leaving the main shaft discharge channel 61 and entering the discharge cylinder 7, thereby achieving complete separation of the grinding slurry and the grinding media and eliminating the possibility of the grinding media being discharged outward.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A grinding rotor, characterized in that: The grinding rotor (3) includes a top wall (34) and a side wall (35) connected to the outer edge of the top wall (34). The side wall (35) is cylindrical. The grinding rotor (3) has a grinding cavity (31) inside. A plurality of grinding rods (32) are arranged on the outer periphery of the side wall (35). The cross-sectional area of ​​the grinding rods (32) decreases from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the grinding rotor (3). At least some of the grinding rods (32) have a first inclined plane (320) on the facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor (3). The first inclined plane (320) is set at an angle to the horizontal plane; a number of opposite-direction variable diameter channels (33) are provided through the side wall (35), each of the opposite-direction variable diameter channels (33) gradually narrows from the inside to the outside, each of the opposite-direction variable diameter channels (33) includes a top surface (331), a first side surface (332), a bottom surface (333) and a second side surface (334) connected in sequence, the top surface (331) and the bottom surface (333) are set at an angle, and the angle between the bottom surface (333) and the top surface (331) is in the range of 0° to 60°.

2. A grinding rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first side (332) and the second side (334) in the anisotropic variable diameter channel (33) are arranged in parallel, and the projection of the first side (332) on the horizontal plane is set at an angle to the radial direction of the side wall (35).

3. A grinding rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding rods (32) are arranged in multiple rows evenly on the outer periphery of the side wall (35). Each row of grinding rods (32) is arranged between two adjacent opposite diameter channels (33), and each row of grinding rods (32) includes an upper rod (321), at least one middle rod (322) and a lower rod (323) arranged from top to bottom.

4. A grinding rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the grinding rods (32) is provided with a first inclined plane (320) on the facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor (3), and each of the first inclined planes (320) is provided facing downward.

5. A grinding rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the grinding rods (32) has a first inclined plane (320) on its facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor (3). The first inclined plane (320) of each upper rod (321) faces downward, the first inclined plane (320) of each lower rod (323) faces upward, and the first inclined plane (320) of each middle rod (322) faces upward or downward. When the number of middle rods (322) in each row of grinding rods (32) is only In one case, the middle rod block (322) with the first inclined plane (320) facing upward and the middle rod block (322) with the first inclined plane (320) facing downward are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction; when the number of the middle rod block (322) in each column of grinding rod blocks (32) is greater than one, the middle rod block (322) with the first inclined plane (320) facing upward and the middle rod block (322) with the first inclined plane (320) facing downward are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction and also alternately in the vertical direction.

6. A grinding rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the upper rod blocks (321) and each of the lower rod blocks (323) is provided with a first inclined plane (320) on the facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor (3). The first inclined plane (320) of each of the upper rod blocks (321) is set downward, and the first inclined plane (320) of each of the lower rod blocks (323) is set upward. Each of the middle rod blocks (322) is provided with an arc surface (324) on the facing side along the rotation direction of the grinding rotor (3).

7. A vertical nano-sand mill, characterized in that: The vertical nano-sand mill has a grinding rotor (3) as described in any one of claims 1-6. The vertical nano-sand mill also includes a frame (10), a grinding cylinder (2), a separating wheel assembly (4), a drive mechanism (5), and a main shaft (6). The drive mechanism (5) and the main shaft (6) are both mounted on the frame (10). The drive mechanism (5) is used to drive the main shaft (6) to rotate relative to the frame (10). The grinding rotor (3) is located inside the grinding cylinder (2), and the separating wheel assembly (4) is located in the grinding cavity (31). The separating wheel assembly (4) includes a separating wheel seat (41). The center of the top of the separating wheel seat (41) is the discharge area (42). The top of the separating wheel seat (41) is... Multiple separation protrusions (43) are evenly arranged around the discharge area (42). A separation discharge channel (44) communicating with the discharge area (42) is formed between adjacent separation protrusions (43). The separation discharge channel (44) is curved and gradually expands from the outside to the inside. A main shaft discharge channel (61) is opened inside the main shaft (6). The bottom end of the main shaft (6) passes through the top of the grinding cylinder (2), the top wall (34) of the grinding rotor (3), and extends to the discharge area (42) of the separation wheel assembly (4). The main shaft discharge channel (61) communicates with the discharge area (42). The grinding rotor (3) and the separation wheel assembly (4) both rotate synchronously with the main shaft (6).

8. A vertical nano-sand mill according to claim 7, characterized in that: The separating protrusion (43) includes a first arcuate surface (431), a second arcuate surface (432), and a connecting surface (433) connected in sequence. The first arcuate surface (431) and the second arcuate surface (432) extend from the center to the edge of the separating wheel seat (41), respectively. The connecting surface (433) is located near the edge of the separating wheel seat (41). Along the rotation direction of the separating wheel seat (41), the second arcuate surface (432) of one separating protrusion (43) connects with the next one. The separation discharge channel (44) is formed between the first arc-shaped surfaces (431) in the separation protrusion (43); along the rotation direction of the separation wheel seat (41), the connecting surface (433) sequentially includes a small rounded surface (4331), a third arc-shaped surface (4332) and a large rounded surface (4333), the small rounded surface (4331) is connected to the end of the first arc-shaped surface (431) away from the center position, and the large rounded surface (4333) is connected to the end of the second arc-shaped surface (432) away from the center position.

9. A vertical nano-sand mill according to claim 8, characterized in that: The projections of the first arc surface (431), the second arc surface (432), and the third arc surface (4332) onto the horizontal plane are the first arc line, the second arc line, and the third arc line, respectively. In the same separating protrusion (43), the distance (d1) between the point (C) on the third arc line that is the longest distance from the rotation center (X) of the separating wheel seat (41) and the outer end point (A) of the first arc line is greater than the distance (d2) between the point (C) and the outer end point (B) of the second arc line. The distance (d3) between the curvature center (O) of the third arc line and the outer end point (A) of the first arc line is less than the distance (d4) between the curvature center (O) of the third arc line and the outer end point (B) of the second arc line.

10. A vertical nano-sand mill according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the separating wheel seat (41) is uniformly provided with a plurality of strip-shaped propulsion protrusions (47) around the center position. Along the rotation direction of the separating wheel seat (41), each strip-shaped propulsion protrusion (47) has a second inclined plane (472) on its front side and a vertical plane (471) on its back side. The vertical plane (471) is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the separating wheel seat (41) and the vertical plane (471) is set at an angle to the radial direction of the separating wheel seat (41). The second inclined plane (472) is set at an angle to the bottom surface of the separating wheel seat (41).

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