Tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to the air compressor housing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of grinding regulation, and specifically relates to a tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to the air compressor housing. This method determines the initial grinding points of the grinding tool for grinding according to the local distribution of the height and thickness of the housing surface; analyzes the grinding intensity value on the housing surface to obtain a grinding change trend index through the temperature and grinding depth during the grinding of the grinding wheel, as well as the degree of temporal variation during the grinding process; determines the parameter adjustment factor of the grinding parameters by combining the height and thickness deviation changes and vibration amplitude in the contact area during the grinding process with the grinding change trend index, and adjusts the combination of the grinding wheel speed and feed speed in real time for grinding. The present invention determines the real-time parameter adjustment factor of the grinding process by combining the real-time intensity change of grinding with the surface quality of the housing, makes a correlation adjustment to the grinding parameters, and improves the surface adaptability and grinding effect of the grinding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grinding control, and particularly relates to a tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to an air compressor housing. Background Art

[0002] The grinding of an air compressor housing is an important link in the manufacturing process, mainly used for finishing the workpiece surface, improving the surface quality, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and surface finish. The grinding method is mainly used for further processing the forged, cast or rough machined housing to meet the performance requirements of the air compressor. Therefore, the real-time monitoring and optimization of grinding parameters can further improve the stability and efficiency of the process, ensure the stability of the processing quality and the long-term operation of the equipment.

[0003] At present, when the grinding parameters are adjusted in real time during the grinding process of the air compressor housing, the parameter adjustment is generally based on data such as the grinding intensity of the grinding wheel tool. However, due to the surface quality differences at different positions on the surface of the air compressor housing, such as roughness or scratch defects, etc., the real-time grinding parameters cannot ensure the flat quality of the surface grinding of the entire housing, resulting in the quality of the grinding result on the housing surface not meeting the requirements and affecting the efficiency of the grinding process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that the quality of the grinding result on the housing surface in the prior art does not meet the requirements and affects the grinding efficiency, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to an air compressor housing, and the specific technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to an air compressor housing, and the method includes:

[0006] Obtain the height and thickness of each sampling point on the surface of the housing to be ground, as well as the temperature, grinding depth and vibration amplitude of the grinding wheel at each sampling moment during the grinding process; determine the initial grinding point from the sampling points for grinding based on the distribution disorder of the local height and thickness of the sampling points;

[0007] Based on the time-sequence distribution position of the sampling moments during the grinding process, obtain the grinding intensity value of each sampling moment according to the temperature change and grinding depth of each sampling moment; obtain the grinding change trend index of each sampling moment according to the deviation change of the grinding intensity value between each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment;

[0008] Within the range of the area corresponding to the grinding wheel contact point at the sampling moment, according to the deviation degree of the height and thickness between sampling points, and in combination with the vibration amplitude, obtain the area quality index at the sampling moment; according to the deviation situation of the area quality index between the current moment and the previous sampling moment, and in combination with the grinding change trend index, obtain the parameter adjustment factor at the current moment;

[0009] Adjust the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the previous sampling moment according to the parameter adjustment factor at the current moment to obtain the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the current moment; perform grinding with the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the current moment.

[0010] Further, the method for obtaining the initial grinding point includes:

[0011] Within the preset neighborhood range of each sampling point, add the variances of the heights and the variances of the thicknesses of all sampling points to obtain the local roughness of each sampling point;

[0012] Calculate the differences in local roughness between each sampling point and each other sampling point within the preset neighborhood range to obtain the roughness differences between each sampling point and each other sampling point; obtain the local difference degree of each sampling point by summing the roughness differences between each sampling point and all other sampling points within the preset neighborhood range;

[0013] Perform a negative correlation mapping on the product of the local roughness and the local difference degree of each sampling point to obtain the initial selection degree of each sampling point; take the sampling point with the highest initial selection degree as the initial grinding point.

[0014] Further, the method for obtaining the grinding intensity value includes:

[0015] Obtain the initial moment when the grinding process starts; perform a negative correlation mapping on the time difference between each sampling moment and the initial moment to obtain the grinding duration of each sampling moment;

[0016] Take the difference in temperature between each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment as the cumulative index of each sampling moment; take the product of the grinding duration of each sampling moment and the cumulative index as the cumulative state index of each sampling moment;

[0017] Obtain the grinding intensity value of each sampling moment by multiplying the cumulative state index of each sampling moment by the grinding depth.

[0018] Further, the method for obtaining the grinding change trend index includes:

[0019] Take the difference in the grinding intensity value between each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment in time sequence as the intensity change value of each sampling moment;

[0020] Obtain the historical intensity deviation value of each sampling moment according to the deviation degree between the grinding intensity values at each sampling moment and the previous sampling moments.

[0021] Take the sum of the intensity change value and the historical intensity deviation value of each sampling moment as the grinding change trend index of each sampling moment.

[0022] Further, the method for obtaining the historical intensity deviation value includes:

[0023] For any sampling moment, all sampling moments in the time sequence before this sampling moment during the grinding process are used as the historical sampling moments of this sampling moment.

[0024] Calculate the difference between the grinding intensity values between this sampling moment and each historical sampling moment as the intensity deviation value between each historical sampling moment; take the ratio of the intensity deviation value between each historical sampling moment to the total number of historical sampling moments as the change trend value of each historical sampling moment.

[0025] Take the sum of the change trend values of all historical sampling moments of this sampling moment as the historical intensity deviation value of this sampling moment.

[0026] Further, the method for obtaining the regional quality index includes:

[0027] Within the range of the area corresponding to the sampling moment, obtain the height deviation index of the sampling moment according to the difference degree between the heights of two sampling points and in combination with the vibration amplitude.

[0028] Obtain the thickness deviation index of the sampling moment according to the deviation degree between the minimum thickness and the overall thickness of all sampling points within the area range.

[0029] Combine the height deviation index and the thickness deviation index of the sampling moment to obtain the regional quality index of the sampling moment.

[0030] Further, the method for obtaining the parameter adjustment factor includes:

[0031] Take the ratio of the regional quality index between each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment as the quality change index of each sampling moment.

[0032] Normalize the product between the quality change index of each sampling moment and the grinding change trend index to obtain the parameter adjustment factor of each sampling moment.

[0033] Further, the adjustment of the grinding wheel speed and feed speed of the previous sampling moment according to the parameter adjustment factor of the current moment to obtain the grinding wheel speed and feed speed of the current moment includes:

[0034] When the parameter adjustment factor is a positive number, the product of the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the parameter adjustment factor is used as the grinding wheel adjustment amount of the grinding wheel speed, and the difference between the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the grinding wheel adjustment amount is used as the grinding wheel speed at the current moment; the product of the feed speed at the previous sampling moment and the parameter adjustment factor is used as the feed adjustment amount of the feed speed, and the sum of the feed speed at the previous sampling moment and the feed adjustment amount is used as the feed speed at the current moment;

[0035] When the parameter adjustment factor is a negative number, the product of the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the absolute value of the parameter adjustment factor is used as the grinding wheel adjustment amount of the grinding wheel speed, and the sum of the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the grinding wheel adjustment amount is used as the grinding wheel speed at the current moment; the product of the feed speed at the previous sampling moment and the absolute value of the parameter adjustment factor is used as the feed adjustment amount of the feed speed, and the difference between the feed speed at the previous sampling moment and the feed adjustment amount is used as the feed speed at the current moment;

[0036] When the parameter adjustment factor is zero, the grinding wheel speed and the feed speed at the previous sampling moment are used as the grinding wheel speed and the feed speed at the current moment.

[0037] Further, the method for obtaining the height deviation index includes:

[0038] For any sampling moment, every two different sampling points within the range of this sampling moment area are used as a difference binary group; calculate the difference in height between the sampling points in each difference binary group as the height deviation value of each difference binary group;

[0039] The product of the sum of the height deviation values of all difference binary groups and the vibration amplitude is used as the height deviation index at this sampling moment.

[0040] Further, the method for obtaining the thickness deviation index includes:

[0041] For any sampling moment, the average thickness of all sampling points within the range of this sampling moment area is used as the average area thickness at this sampling moment;

[0042] The difference between the minimum thickness and the average area thickness within the range of this sampling moment area is used as the thickness deviation index at this sampling moment.

[0043] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] The present invention takes into account the initial local mass distribution on the surface of the casing to determine the initial grinding points of the grinding tool, thereby improving the grinding efficiency in the subsequent grinding process. By analyzing the sequential changes in the temperature and grinding depth during the grinding with the grinding wheel, the adjustment trend of the grinding intensity on the surface of the casing is analyzed. By analyzing the change in the grinding intensity in real time, the change in the grinding state required on the surface of the casing during the grinding process is reflected. Furthermore, in combination with the rough quality of the casing surface during the grinding process, the rough unevenness of the casing surface is reflected from the height and thickness deviations and the vibration amplitude in the contact area. As the quality changes between the analysis moments during the grinding wheel feeding, the parameter adjustment factor of the grinding parameters is comprehensively determined to perform real-time correlation adjustment on the grinding process, and the acting condition of the grinding force is adjusted in real time, and the grinding is performed by adjusting the grinding wheel speed and the feeding speed. The present invention determines the real-time parameter adjustment factor of the grinding process by combining the real-time change in the grinding intensity with the casing surface quality, performs correlation adjustment on the grinding parameters, and improves the surface adaptability and grinding effect of the grinding process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 Flowchart of a tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to an air compressor casing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a grinding processing scenario provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 Flowchart of a method for obtaining a regional quality index provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0049] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following will, in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments, elaborate in detail on a tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to an air compressor casing according to the present invention, its specific implementation manner, structure, characteristics, and effects. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this invention belongs.

[0051] The following specifically describes the specific solution of a tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to an air compressor housing provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a flowchart of a tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to an air compressor housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0053] S1: Obtain the height and thickness of each sampling point on the surface of the housing to be ground, as well as the temperature, grinding depth, and vibration amplitude of the grinding wheel at each sampling moment during the grinding process; based on the distribution disorder of the local height and thickness of the sampling points, determine the initial grinding points from the sampling points for grinding.

[0054] For the grinding of the air compressor housing, generally, the external surface of the housing is made flat and smooth and the dimensional accuracy and roundness of the internal holes are achieved by combining centerless grinding and internal grinding on a grinding machine. And the grinding machine usually performs contact grinding on the surface of the housing through various grinding wheels existing therein. During the grinding process, the grinding parameters such as the rotational speed of the grinding wheel and the moving speed of the housing relative to the grinding wheel on the grinding machine, that is, the feed speed, will directly affect the grinding efficiency, accuracy, and surface quality of the workpiece. Please refer to Figure 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of a grinding processing scenario provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Before the grinding starts, first obtain the surface data of the air compressor housing. In the embodiment of the present invention, a laser scanner is integrated on the surface of the housing, and the surface of the housing is scanned by a laser beam to record the data of the surface height and thickness at each sampling point position. The height refers to the vertical distance of each point on the housing surface relative to the reference plane, characterizing the microscopic morphology characteristics of the surface, such as concavity and convexity, scratches, roughness, etc. Non-contact measurement is performed through a laser scanner integrated on the non-contact surface of the grinding wheel. The thickness refers to the actual physical thickness of the housing material at a certain position, the geometric dimension from the surface to the bottom layer, characterizing the machining allowance or material distribution uniformity of the local structure. The optical reflection distance from the surface to the bottom layer is synchronously measured by the laser scanner, or dynamically calibrated in combination with the pre-processed data of the housing (such as the CAD model).

[0056] At the same time, analyze the data generated by grinding to reflect the grinding state during the grinding process. The real-time data of the grinding wheel temperature, grinding depth, and vibration amplitude during the grinding process can be obtained through the controller of the grinding machine and the temperature sensor. The data generated by grinding will be generated as long as the grinding process is carried out.

[0057] It should be noted that the specific distribution of sampling points and the setting of sampling frequency can be adjusted by the implementer according to the specific implementation situation. For example, the sampling points are distributed in a matrix with a spacing of 1 cm and the sampling frequency is once every 0.5 seconds. The specific values are not limited here. Subsequently, the real-time grinding output data can be analyzed and the grinding parameters can be adaptively adjusted in combination with the quality of the casing surface to improve the grinding quality and efficiency.

[0058] Since the grinding tool will accumulate friction during the grinding process, when initially aligning the grinding, a relatively smooth position on the casing surface can be selected to improve the utilization of the grinding force in the later stage of continuous grinding. Therefore, by analyzing the degree of chaos in the height and thickness at the sampling point positions, the possible roughness of the local sampling points can be analyzed, and the grinding process can be carried out when the roughness is relatively low.

[0059] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the initial grinding point includes:

[0060] First, within the preset neighborhood range of each sampling point, add the variance of the height and the variance of the thickness of all sampling points to obtain the local roughness of each sampling point. The variance of the height and the variance of the thickness within the range reflect the degree of chaos in the data distribution of height and thickness. The larger the variance, the more chaotic the data distribution. By combining the variance of height and thickness, the larger the sum of variances, the rougher the surface condition at the sampling point position may be.

[0061] Since the grinding process is a continuous grinding process, the more stable the overall distribution level of the local sampling points is, the more credible the analysis of the local state of the sampling points is, and the higher the possibility of the local state being flat. Therefore, calculate the difference in local roughness between each sampling point and each other sampling point within the preset neighborhood range to obtain the roughness difference between each sampling point and each other sampling point, which reflects the consistency of the surface condition at the position of the local sampling point. The larger the roughness difference, the more inconsistent the surface state.

[0062] Further, obtain the sum value of the roughness differences between each sampling point and all other sampling points within the preset neighborhood range to obtain the local difference degree of each sampling point. Considering all the differences, the smaller the overall difference situation, the more stable and consistent the local situation at the sampling point position is, and the better the sampling point is as the starting point for grinding.

[0063] Finally, the product of the local roughness and the local difference degree of each sampling point is subjected to a negative correlation mapping to obtain the initial selection degree of each sampling point. Combining the local difference consistency of the sampling points and the analyzed roughness situation, the degree to which the sampling points can be selected is obtained. When the local roughness is smaller, it indicates that the surface at the sampling point position is smoother. When the local difference degree is smaller, it indicates that the local surface conditions of the sampling point are more consistent. Then the greater the possibility that the sampling point can be selected as the initial grinding point. Therefore, the sampling point with the highest initial selection degree is used as the initial grinding point.

[0064] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preset neighborhood range is set to a range centered on the sampling point with a side length of 7. The specific value can be adjusted by the implementer himself and is not limited here. It should be noted that the negative correlation mapping is a technical means well-known to those skilled in the art, such as using the inverse ratio value or the negative exponential power form, etc., and will not be elaborated and limited here.

[0065] S2: Based on the timing distribution position of the sampling moments during the grinding process, according to the temperature change and the grinding depth at each sampling moment, obtain the grinding intensity value at each sampling moment; according to the deviation change situation of the grinding intensity value between each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment, obtain the grinding change trend index at each sampling moment.

[0066] Based on the position of the initial grinding point, control the grinding tool to be aligned and then perform grinding processing. Since the grinding process requires contact friction between the grinding wheel and the surface of the housing, determine the corresponding grinding intensity through the data generated in real time during the grinding process. The grinding intensity represents the degree of the grinding wheel acting on the housing and reflects the real-time grinding state for feedback adjustment of relevant parameters to optimize the grinding process.

[0067] Since the grinding wheel performs frictional cutting on the housing with a certain intensity, if the grinding depth is greater, it indicates that the grinding intensity is also increasing. At the same time, heat will be generated on the surface of the grinding wheel during the friction process. If the heat is greater, it indicates that the grinding intensity is greater at this time. However, in the actual grinding process, the heat of the grinding wheel will have an accumulative effect, resulting in a decrease in the heat dissipation rate as the grinding progresses and a continuous increase in the grinding wheel temperature. Therefore, it is inaccurate to reflect the real-time friction intensity through the real-time heat situation. Therefore, considering the situation of frictional accumulation of the grinding tool during the grinding process, combined with the timing distribution of the sampling moments, reflect the intensity size situation through the temperature change and the grinding depth, and determine the grinding intensity value.

[0068] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the grinding intensity value includes:

[0069] First, obtain the initial moment when the grinding process starts, perform a negative correlation mapping on the time difference between each sampling moment and the initial moment, obtain the grinding duration at each sampling moment, and reflect the length of the grinding duration through the time difference between the sampling moment and the initial moment.

[0070] Furthermore, the difference between the temperature at each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment is used as the cumulative index at each sampling moment. Through the temperature change of the grinding wheel, the cumulative situation of real-time heat is characterized to measure the frictional force of the grinding wheel. The product of the grinding duration at each sampling moment and the cumulative index is used as the cumulative state index at each sampling moment. Since the cumulative effect of temperature in the actual grinding process will cause the temperature of the grinding wheel and the grinding depth to continuously increase as grinding progresses, which will interfere with the actual frictional force, it is adjusted with the grinding duration as the weight. If the grinding time is longer, the temperature accumulation will be higher, and the error will be larger.

[0071] Finally, the product of the cumulative state index at each sampling moment and the grinding depth is used to obtain the grinding intensity value at each sampling moment. Combining with the grinding depth, the deeper the grinding depth, the greater the corresponding grinding intensity, comprehensively reflecting the grinding intensity at the current moment. As an example, the expression of the grinding intensity value is:

[0072] ; In the formula, represents the grinding intensity value at the th sampling moment during the grinding process, represents the cumulative index at the th sampling moment, represents the initial moment when the grinding process starts, represents the th sampling moment of the grinding depth. represents the preset adjustment coefficient, which is set to 0.001 in the embodiment of the present invention, and its purpose is to prevent the denominator from being zero and making the formula meaningless. represents the grinding duration at the th sampling moment, represents the th sampling moment of the cumulative state index.

[0073] During the grinding process, the real-time grinding intensity of the machine housing will change as grinding progresses. If the changing trend of the continuously adjusted grinding intensity increases, it indicates that a greater grinding force is required at the grinding position. Conversely, it indicates that the corresponding grinding force needs to be reduced for the adjusted grinding intensity. The grinding force is adjusted by matching the grinding wheel speed and the feed speed. Then, the changing trend of the grinding intensity at different moments can represent the degree of adjustment. Therefore, through the changing trend of the grinding intensity value between the sampling moment and the previous sampling moment, the grinding change trend index is obtained to provide data support for subsequent adjustments.

[0074] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the grinding change trend index includes:

[0075] First, take the difference between the grinding intensity values at each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment in the time series as the intensity change value at each sampling moment, which characterizes the change difference in the grinding intensity values between the sampling moment and the previous moment, and reflects the local grinding force change trend at the current moment.

[0076] Furthermore, according to the deviation degree between the grinding intensity values at each sampling moment and each previous sampling moment, obtain the historical intensity deviation value at each sampling moment. Combining the grinding intensity change situation at historical moments reflects the overall change trend of the grinding force in the historical stage, so as to assist in adjusting the degree of the current local change trend. In the embodiments of the present invention, the method for obtaining the historical intensity deviation value includes:

[0077] For any sampling moment, take all the sampling moments in the time series before this sampling moment during the grinding process as the historical sampling moments of this sampling moment, and determine the existence situation of historical moments. Only when the sampling moment is the initial moment, there is no historical sampling moment, so the historical deviation value is not calculated for adjustment at this time.

[0078] Further calculate the difference between the grinding intensity values at this sampling moment and each historical sampling moment as the intensity deviation value between each historical sampling moment, which reflects the deviation situation between the current moment and historical moments. Take the ratio of the intensity deviation value between each historical sampling moment to the total number of historical sampling moments as the change trend value of each historical sampling moment. Divide it evenly by the total number of historical sampling moments, and take the sum value of the change trend values of all historical sampling moments of this sampling moment as the historical intensity deviation value of this sampling moment, that is, comprehensively analyze the deviation of the grinding intensity value between the sampling moment and all historical moments to reflect the historical change trend.

[0079] Finally, take the sum value of the intensity change value and the historical intensity deviation value at each sampling moment as the grinding change trend index at each sampling moment. Combine the local change and the historical trend degree to analyze the adjustment requirement of the grinding force required for grinding processing, so that the subsequent adjustment result can perform more efficient grinding processing. As an example, the expression of the grinding change trend index is:

[0080] ; In the formula, represents the grinding change trend index at the th sampling moment during the grinding process. represents the grinding intensity value at the th sampling moment, represents the grinding intensity value at the previous sampling moment of the th sampling moment, that is, the grinding intensity value at the th sampling moment, represents the grinding intensity value at the th historical sampling moment, is expressed as the total number of historical sampling moments. is expressed as the intensity change value at the th sampling moment, is expressed as the intensity deviation value at the th historical sampling moment, is expressed as the change trend value at the th historical sampling moment, is expressed as the historical intensity deviation value at the

[0081] S3: Within the range of the area corresponding to the grinding wheel contact point at the sampling moment, according to the deviation degree of the height and thickness between sampling points, combined with the vibration amplitude, obtain the area quality index at the sampling moment; according to the deviation of the area quality index between the current moment and the previous sampling moment, combined with the grinding change trend index, obtain the parameter adjustment factor at the current moment.

[0082] If the adjustment of the grinding parameters is only based on the grinding change trend index without considering the surface quality of the casing itself, there is a lack of connection with the actual product. The surface finish at different positions of the casing will have a reaction on the friction of the grinding wheel, thus affecting the grinding effect. Therefore, considering the influence of the surface quality of the casing itself on the grinding effect, if the situation of the grinding tool on the surface area of the casing is rougher during the grinding process, then a greater grinding force is required to achieve a better grinding effect. Conversely, if a certain area is smoother, a larger grinding force is not required to achieve the purpose.

[0083] When grinding the forging-formed air compressor casing, since scratches and unevenness will inevitably be generated on the surface of the casing during the forging process, grinding and smoothing are required. The surface finish at different positions of the casing is different, and the influence of the required grinding force is also different. Therefore, the quality of the area to be ground in each contact is analyzed through the previously obtained surface information to obtain the area quality index.

[0084] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, for the method of obtaining the area quality index, please refer to Figure 3 , which shows a flowchart of a method for obtaining an area quality index provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0085] S301: Within the range of the area corresponding to the sampling moment, according to the difference degree of the height between two sampling points, combined with the vibration amplitude, obtain the height chaos index at the sampling moment.

[0086] First, measure the surface unevenness according to the height difference within the area of contact grinding. The greater the height difference, the higher the surface roughness. It should be noted that since the grinding process is contact grinding, there is a range of contact areas during grinding, and the size of the contact area range is obtained according to the size of the grinding tool in the implementation scenario, which is not limited here.

[0087] In an embodiment of the present invention, for any sampling moment, every two different sampling points within the range of the sampling moment area are used as a difference binary group, and the height differences between all sampling points are grouped and analyzed through pairwise combination. Calculate the height difference between the sampling points in each difference binary group as the height deviation value of each difference binary group, reflecting the height unevenness degree in each grouping case.

[0088] Due to the unevenness of the surface of the casing, the grinding wheel force will generate different vibrations on the surface of the casing. When the roughness intensifies, the vibration amplitude often increases accordingly. Then, multiply the sum value of the height deviation values of all difference binary groups by the vibration amplitude as the height deviation index at this sampling moment. Combine all difference degrees to characterize the unevenness degree. The greater the height deviation index, the more serious the unevenness of the regional surface and the higher the roughness.

[0089] S302: Obtain the thickness chaos index at the sampling moment according to the deviation degree between the minimum thickness and the overall thickness among all sampling points within the area range.

[0090] However, the surface of the casing itself is generally not a plane and will show different concave and convex trends. When the grinding wheel grinds the concave and convex surface, due to the change in the contact area between the grinding wheel and the casing, it is necessary to increase the corresponding grinding intensity to achieve the corresponding grinding effect and improve the surface adaptability of grinding. Therefore, further measure the local concave and convex degree of the surface according to the thickness difference within the area of contact grinding. The higher the thickness deviation result, the more obvious the concave and convex situation, the higher the degree of grinding required, the greater the grinding force that needs to be adjusted subsequently, and the more serious the regional quality is reflected.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present invention, for any sampling moment, the thickness mean value of all sampling points within the range of the sampling moment area is used as the regional thickness mean value at this sampling moment, reflecting the relative overall thickness distribution of the area. The difference between the minimum thickness and the regional thickness mean value within the range of the sampling moment area is used as the thickness deviation index at this sampling moment. The greater the minimum thickness deviation, the more obvious the local concave and convex trend of the surface here, the higher the difficulty of grinding the surface flat, the worse the quality, and the higher the roughness is characterized.

[0092] S303: Combine the height chaos index and the thickness chaos index at the sampling moment to obtain the regional quality index at the sampling moment.

[0093] Analyzing both the height and thickness aspects comprehensively to comprehensively characterize the quality of the region. In the embodiments of the present invention, the product of the height disorder index and the thickness disorder index at the sampling moment is normalized to obtain the region quality index at the sampling moment. The larger the height disorder index and the thickness disorder index are, the greater the roughness, the more serious the quality, and the greater the grinding force required. It should be noted that normalization is a well-known technical means to those skilled in the art. The choice of normalization can be linear normalization or standard normalization, etc. The specific normalization method is not limited here.

[0094] Thus, the regional quality analysis implemented during the grinding process is completed. Furthermore, the adjustment factor of the parameter can be determined comprehensively according to the grinding intensity state, reflecting the situation where the grinding parameters need to be adjusted. Preferably, in the embodiments of the present invention, the method for obtaining the parameter adjustment factor includes:

[0095] Taking the ratio of the regional quality index between each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment as the quality change index at each sampling moment. During the moving grinding process, the contact area range also changes accordingly. When the quality of the regional quality index rises, it reflects that the grinding force needs to be increased.

[0096] Furthermore, the product of the quality change index at each sampling moment and the grinding change trend index is normalized to obtain the parameter adjustment factor at each sampling moment. The larger the quality change index and the grinding change trend index are, that is, the parameter adjustment factor, the rougher the surface quality of the casing, the higher the demand for the increasing trend of the grinding intensity, and the more grinding force is required.

[0097] S4: Adjust the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the previous sampling moment according to the parameter adjustment factor at the current moment to obtain the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the current moment; perform grinding through the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the current moment.

[0098] The main adjustments of the grinding parameters are on the grinding wheel speed and the feed speed. The grinding wheel speed and the feed speed have different correlations with the grinding force. A higher grinding wheel speed will increase the speed at which the grinding wheel cuts the workpiece, and the contact time of each grinding tool with the workpiece surface will be reduced, thereby reducing the cutting force per unit time. Increasing the feed speed means that the contact area between the workpiece and the grinding wheel per unit time increases, and the grinding depth increases, which directly leads to an increase in the grinding force.

[0099] Therefore, if you want to increase the grinding force, you need a combination of a low grinding wheel speed and a high feed speed. If you want to reduce the grinding force, you need a combination of a high grinding wheel speed and a low feed speed. Based on this characteristic, the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the current moment are adjusted in combination with the parameter adjustment factor.

[0100] Preferably, in the embodiments of the present invention, the grinding wheel speed and feed rate at the previous sampling moment are adjusted according to the parameter adjustment factor at the current moment to obtain the grinding wheel speed and feed rate at the current moment, including:

[0101] When the parameter adjustment factor is positive, it indicates that the grinding intensity trend changes to increase. The product of the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the parameter adjustment factor is used as the grinding wheel adjustment amount of the grinding wheel speed. The greater the parameter adjustment factor, the greater the degree of adjustment required. The difference between the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the grinding wheel adjustment amount is used as the grinding wheel speed at the current moment. Similarly, the product of the feed rate at the previous sampling moment and the parameter adjustment factor is used as the feed adjustment amount of the feed rate, and the sum of the feed rate at the previous sampling moment and the feed adjustment amount is used as the feed speed at the current moment. By reducing the grinding wheel speed and increasing the feed speed, the grinding force is increased.

[0102] When the parameter adjustment factor is negative, it indicates that the grinding intensity trend changes to decrease. The product of the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the absolute value of the parameter adjustment factor is used as the grinding wheel adjustment amount of the grinding wheel speed. The greater the absolute value of the parameter adjustment factor, the higher the adjustment strength. The sum of the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the grinding wheel adjustment amount is used as the grinding wheel speed at the current moment. The product of the feed rate at the previous sampling moment and the absolute value of the parameter adjustment factor is used as the feed adjustment amount of the feed rate, and the difference between the feed rate at the previous sampling moment and the feed adjustment amount is used as the feed speed at the current moment. By increasing the grinding wheel speed and reducing the feed speed, the grinding force is reduced.

[0103] In addition, when the parameter adjustment factor is zero, it indicates that no strength adjustment is required, and the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the previous sampling moment are used as the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the current moment. As an example, the adjustment expressions for the grinding wheel speed and feed speed are:

[0104] ;

[0105] ;

[0106] In the formula, represents the grinding wheel speed at the th sampling moment, represents the feed rate at the th sampling moment, represents the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment of the th sampling moment, that is, the grinding wheel speed at the th sampling moment, represents the feed rate at the previous sampling moment of the th sampling moment, that is, the feed rate at the th sampling moment, Denoted as the parameter adjustment factor at the th sampling moment,

[0107] which is denoted as the grinding wheel adjustment amount when the parameter adjustment factor is positive, denoted as the feed adjustment amount when the parameter adjustment factor is positive, denoted as the grinding wheel adjustment amount when the parameter adjustment factor is negative, denoted as the feed adjustment amount when the parameter adjustment factor is negative.

[0108] By performing real-time correlation adjustment to obtain the grinding wheel speed and feed speed at the current moment for grinding, the purpose of improving the quality of the ground product is achieved. For the real-time grinding wheel speed and feed speed during the grinding process of the air compressor housing, correlation adjustment is performed. The system can automatically optimize the processing parameters according to the actual situation of the workpiece to ensure the processing quality and efficiency. In the embodiments of the present invention, the parameters can also be optimized in real time in combination with the experience of relevant operators to further improve the stability and reliability of the grinding process.

[0109] In summary, the present invention considers the initial local quality distribution of the housing surface, determines the initial grinding points of the grinding tool, thereby improving the grinding efficiency in the subsequent grinding process. Through the temporal changes of the temperature and grinding depth during grinding with the grinding wheel, the adjustment trend of the grinding intensity on the housing surface is analyzed. By analyzing the change of the grinding intensity in real time, the change of the grinding state required on the housing surface during the grinding process is reflected. Furthermore, in combination with the rough quality of the housing surface during the grinding process, the rough unevenness of the housing surface is reflected from the height and thickness deviations and vibration amplitude in the contact area. As the quality changes between the analysis moments of the grinding wheel feed during grinding, the parameter adjustment factor of the grinding parameters is comprehensively determined to perform real-time correlation adjustment on the grinding process, and the acting situation of the grinding force is adjusted in real time, and grinding is performed by adjusting the grinding wheel speed and feed speed. The present invention determines the real-time parameter adjustment factor of the grinding process by combining the real-time change of the grinding intensity with the housing surface quality, performs correlation adjustment on the grinding parameters, and improves the surface adaptability and grinding effect of the grinding process.

[0110] It should be noted that: the above sequence of the embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific sequence or continuous sequence shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0111] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and the key points of each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to an air compressor housing, characterized in that The method includes: Obtaining the height and thickness of each sampling point on the surface of the casing to be ground, as well as the temperature, grinding depth, and vibration amplitude of the grinding wheel at each sampling moment during the grinding process; determining the initial grinding point from the sampling points for grinding based on the distribution disorder of the local height and thickness of the sampling points; Based on the sequential distribution position of the sampling moments during the grinding process, obtaining the grinding intensity value at each sampling moment according to the temperature change and grinding depth at each sampling moment; obtaining the grinding change trend index at each sampling moment according to the deviation change of the grinding intensity value between each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment; Within the range of the area corresponding to the contact point of the grinding wheel at the sampling moment, obtaining the area quality index at the sampling moment according to the deviation degree of the height and thickness between the sampling points, combined with the vibration amplitude; obtaining the parameter adjustment factor at the current moment according to the deviation of the area quality index between the current moment and the previous sampling moment, combined with the grinding change trend index; Adjusting the rotational speed and feed rate of the grinding wheel at the previous sampling moment according to the parameter adjustment factor at the current moment to obtain the rotational speed and feed rate of the grinding wheel at the current moment; performing grinding with the rotational speed and feed rate of the grinding wheel at the current moment; The method for obtaining the grinding intensity value includes: Obtaining the initial moment when the grinding process starts; performing a negative correlation mapping on the time difference between each sampling moment and the initial moment to obtain the grinding duration at each sampling moment; Taking the difference between the temperature at each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment as the cumulative index at each sampling moment; taking the product of the grinding duration at each sampling moment and the cumulative index as the cumulative state index at each sampling moment; Obtaining the grinding intensity value at each sampling moment by multiplying the cumulative state index at each sampling moment by the grinding depth; The method for obtaining the parameter adjustment factor includes: Taking the ratio of the area quality index between each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment as the quality change index at each sampling moment; Normalizing the product between the quality change index at each sampling moment and the grinding change trend index to obtain the parameter adjustment factor at each sampling moment.

2. The tool alignment control and grinding method for an air compressor housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the initial grinding point includes: Within the preset neighborhood range of each sampling point, adding the variance of the height and the variance of the thickness of all sampling points to obtain the local roughness of each sampling point; Calculating the difference in local roughness between each sampling point and each other sampling point within the preset neighborhood range to obtain the rough difference between each sampling point and each other sampling point; obtaining the local difference degree of each sampling point by summing the rough differences between each sampling point and all other sampling points within the preset neighborhood range; Performing a negative correlation mapping on the product of the local roughness and the local difference degree of each sampling point to obtain the initial selection degree of each sampling point; taking the sampling point with the highest initial selection degree as the initial grinding point.

3. The tool alignment control and grinding method for an air compressor housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the grinding change trend index includes: Taking the difference between the grinding intensity value at each sampling moment and the previous sampling moment in time sequence as the intensity change value at each sampling moment; Obtain the historical intensity deviation value of each sampling moment according to the deviation degree between the grinding intensity values at each sampling moment and the previous sampling moments. Take the sum of the intensity change value and the historical intensity deviation value of each sampling moment as the grinding change trend index of each sampling moment.

4. The tool alignment control and grinding method for an air compressor housing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the historical intensity deviation value includes: For any sampling moment, all sampling moments in the time sequence before this sampling moment during the grinding process are used as the historical sampling moments of this sampling moment. Calculate the difference between the grinding intensity values at this sampling moment and each historical sampling moment as the intensity deviation value between each historical sampling moment; take the ratio of the intensity deviation value between each historical sampling moment to the total number of historical sampling moments as the change trend value of each historical sampling moment. Take the sum of the change trend values of all historical sampling moments of this sampling moment as the historical intensity deviation value of this sampling moment.

5. A tool alignment control and grinding method applicable to an air compressor housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the regional quality index includes: Within the area range corresponding to the sampling moment, obtain the height deviation index of the sampling moment according to the difference degree between the heights of two sampling points and in combination with the vibration amplitude. Obtain the thickness deviation index of the sampling moment according to the deviation degree between the minimum thickness and the overall thickness of all sampling points within the area range. Combine the height deviation index and the thickness deviation index of the sampling moment to obtain the regional quality index of the sampling moment.

6. The tool alignment control and grinding method for an air compressor housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment of the grinding wheel speed and the feed speed at the previous sampling moment according to the parameter adjustment factor at the current moment to obtain the grinding wheel speed and the feed speed at the current moment includes: When the parameter adjustment factor is a positive number, take the product of the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the parameter adjustment factor as the grinding wheel adjustment amount of the grinding wheel speed, and take the difference between the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the grinding wheel adjustment amount as the grinding wheel speed at the current moment; take the product of the feed speed at the previous sampling moment and the parameter adjustment factor as the feed adjustment amount of the feed speed, and take the sum of the feed speed at the previous sampling moment and the feed adjustment amount as the feed speed at the current moment. When the parameter adjustment factor is a negative number, take the product of the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the absolute value of the parameter adjustment factor as the grinding wheel adjustment amount of the grinding wheel speed, and take the sum of the grinding wheel speed at the previous sampling moment and the grinding wheel adjustment amount as the grinding wheel speed at the current moment; take the product of the feed speed at the previous sampling moment and the absolute value of the parameter adjustment factor as the feed adjustment amount of the feed speed, and take the difference between the feed speed at the previous sampling moment and the feed adjustment amount as the feed speed at the current moment. When the parameter adjustment factor is zero, take the grinding wheel speed and the feed speed at the previous sampling moment as the grinding wheel speed and the feed speed at the current moment.

7. A tool alignment control and grinding method for an air compressor housing according to claim 5, characterized in that The method for obtaining the height deviation index includes: For any sampling moment, take every two different sampling points within the area range of this sampling moment as a difference binary group; calculate the difference in height between the sampling points in each difference binary group as the height deviation value of each difference binary group. Take the product of the sum of the height deviation values of all difference binary groups and the vibration amplitude as the height deviation index of this sampling moment.

8. A tool alignment control and grinding method for an air compressor housing according to claim 5, characterized in that The method for obtaining the thickness deviation index includes: For any sampling moment, the average thickness of all sampling points within the range of this sampling moment region is taken as the regional average thickness at this sampling moment; The difference between the minimum thickness and the regional average thickness within the range of this sampling moment region is taken as the thickness deviation index at this sampling moment.

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