Power distribution circuit and power distribution box

Abstract

The present invention discloses a power distribution circuit and a power distribution box. The power distribution circuit includes: a control module, multiple drive modules, multiple input interfaces, and multiple output interfaces; the drive module is connected to at least one output interface; the drive module includes at least one power transistor, the control module is connected to the control electrode of the power transistor, the control module is connected to at least one input interface, and the control module is used to control the corresponding drive module to be turned on or off according to the input signal of the input interface; wherein, at least one drive module includes a first group of transistors and a second group of transistors connected in series, and the control module is further used to control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off when it is determined that at least one of the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors meets the fault condition based on the first parameter information of the first group of transistors and the second parameter information of the second group of transistors. The technical solution of the present invention improves the reliability of the power distribution circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power distribution, and in particular to a power distribution circuit and a power distribution box. Background Art

[0002] A power distribution box, also known as a power switch box, distributes incoming power to multiple output circuits based on specific needs, providing power to various devices or circuits. For example, in a building, a power distribution box can distribute the total power from the grid to outlets, lighting, and other circuits on each floor and in each room. Alternatively, in a vehicle, a power distribution box can distribute the total power from the battery to various components.

[0003] However, the drive switch in the existing power distribution box is driven by a relay, and the contacts of the relay are easily worn out and fail. The contacts of the relay are also prone to adhesion and burn circuits and devices, and it is difficult to detect internal circuit failures in a timely manner.

[0004] Therefore, the existing power distribution box has the problem of being easily ineffective and difficult to detect faults in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a power distribution circuit and a power distribution box to solve the problem that the power distribution box is prone to failure and difficult to find faults in time.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a power distribution circuit is provided, the power distribution circuit comprising: a control module, a plurality of drive modules, a plurality of input interfaces and a plurality of output interfaces;

[0007] The driving module is connected to at least one of the output interfaces, and different driving modules correspond to different output interfaces; the driving module includes at least one power transistor, the control module is connected to the control electrode of the power transistor, and the control module is connected to at least one of the input interfaces, and the control module is used to control the corresponding driving module to be turned on or off according to the input signal of the input interface;

[0008] Among them, at least one of the driving modules includes a first group of transistors and a second group of transistors connected in series, and the control module is also used to control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off when it is determined that at least one of the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors meets a fault condition based on first parameter information of the first group of transistors and second parameter information of the second group of transistors.

[0009] Optionally, the first parameter information includes at least one of a first on-time, a first voltage drop value, and a first temperature value, and the second parameter information includes at least one of a second on-time, a second voltage drop value, and a second temperature value;

[0010] The driving module provided with the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors further includes at least one pre-driver chip, the pre-driver chip is connected to the control module, and the pre-driver chip is respectively connected to the control electrodes of the power transistors in the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors;

[0011] The control module is configured to control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off when at least one of a first on-time duration of the first group of transistors and a second on-time duration of the second group of transistors is greater than a preset on-time duration;

[0012] And / or, the control module is configured to obtain, through the pre-driver chip, a first voltage drop value of the power transistors in the first group of transistors and a second voltage drop value of the power transistors in the second group of transistors, and control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off when the difference between the first voltage drop value and the second voltage drop value is greater than a preset difference threshold;

[0013] And / or, the control module is configured to obtain, through the pre-driver chip, a first temperature value of the power transistors in the first group of transistors and a second temperature value of the power transistors in the second group of transistors, and control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off when at least one of the first temperature value and the second temperature value is greater than a preset temperature threshold;

[0014] And / or, the control module is used to obtain the current value of the load corresponding to the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors through the pre-driver chip, and when the current value of the load is greater than a preset overload threshold or a preset short-circuit threshold, control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off.

[0015] Optionally, the first group of transistors includes two power transistors connected in parallel, and the second group of transistors includes two power transistors connected in parallel.

[0016] Optionally, the multiple drive modules include at least one first drive module and at least one second drive module, and the power distribution circuit further includes a power interface, and the power interface is used to connect to a battery and / or an engine;

[0017] The first end of the first driving module is connected to the corresponding input interface, and the second end of the first driving module is connected to the corresponding output interface;

[0018] The first end of the second driving module is connected to the power interface, and the second end of the second driving module is connected to the corresponding output interface;

[0019] The first driving module includes a power transistor and an anti-reverse connection unit;

[0020] The power transistor and the anti-reverse connection unit are connected in series between the corresponding input interface and output interface; and the control end of the anti-reverse connection unit is connected to the control module.

[0021] Optionally, the anti-reverse connection unit includes a first anti-reverse connection transistor, and the first driving module further includes a first triode and a second triode;

[0022] The first electrode of the power transistor is connected to the corresponding input interface, the second electrode of the power transistor is connected to the first electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor, and the second electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor is connected to the corresponding output interface;

[0023] The control electrode of the first transistor is connected to the control module, the first electrode of the first transistor is grounded, and the second electrode of the first transistor is connected to the control electrode of the power transistor;

[0024] The control electrode of the second transistor is connected to the control module, the first electrode of the second transistor is grounded, and the second electrode of the second transistor is connected to the control electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor.

[0025] Optionally, the anti-reverse connection unit includes a second anti-reverse connection transistor, and the first driving module further includes a sampling resistor, a differential amplifier, a third transistor and a first resistor;

[0026] The first electrode of the power transistor is connected to the corresponding input interface, the second electrode of the power transistor is connected to the first electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor, and the control electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor is connected to the control module;

[0027] The sampling resistor is connected between the second electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor and the corresponding output interface;

[0028] The first input terminal of the differential amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the sampling resistor, and the second input terminal of the differential amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the sampling resistor. The differential amplifier is used to obtain an actual voltage value corresponding to the actual current of the power transistor;

[0029] The control electrode of the third transistor is connected to the output end of the differential amplifier, the first electrode of the third transistor is grounded, the second electrode of the third transistor is connected to the first power supply via the first resistor, and the third transistor is configured to be turned off when the actual voltage value is greater than a preset value;

[0030] The control module is connected to the second electrode of the third triode, and is used to control the corresponding power transistor to turn off when determining that the third triode is turned off according to the voltage value of the second electrode of the third triode.

[0031] Optionally, the first anti-reverse connection transistor includes a P-type transistor.

[0032] Optionally, the power distribution circuit further includes at least one insurance module;

[0033] The control end of the insurance module is connected to the control module, and the insurance module is connected between the power interface and the corresponding output interface;

[0034] The control module is used to control the fuse module to shut down when the current of the load connected to the fuse module exceeds a preset current threshold.

[0035] Optionally, the insurance module includes a protection transistor;

[0036] The control electrode of the protection transistor is connected to the control module, and the protection transistor is connected between the power interface and the corresponding output interface.

[0037] According to another aspect of the present invention, a power distribution box is provided. The power distribution box includes the power distribution circuit according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, by configuring a power distribution circuit to include multiple driver modules, can provide voltage to multiple loads. Different driver modules can output different powers, allowing different load requirements to be connected to different output interfaces, and thus to different driver modules. Furthermore, the driver module includes at least one power transistor. This power transistor is arc-free and has no switch contacts, making it less susceptible to wear and failure. It also prevents adhesion and burns, thereby improving the reliability of the power distribution circuit. Furthermore, at least one driver module includes a first and second group of transistors connected in series. For example, the driver module corresponding to the short-term drive (e.g., the driver module corresponding to the preheating coil) includes a first and second group of transistors connected in series. This allows the control module to promptly detect a fault in at least one of the first and second groups of transistors and control them to shut down. This prevents load burns caused by prolonged heat generation during short-term drive. Component failures can be promptly detected and corrected, effectively protecting electrical components and improving the reliability of the power distribution circuit.

[0039] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a driving module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of another driving module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of another power distribution circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a first driving module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another first driving module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0050] An embodiment of the present invention provides a power distribution circuit. The power distribution circuit can be provided in a power distribution box. The power distribution box can be used in a vehicle or a building.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power distribution circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 , the power distribution circuit includes: a control module 110, multiple drive modules 120, multiple input interfaces A1 and multiple output interfaces A2;

[0052] The driving module 120 is connected to at least one output interface A2, and different driving modules 120 correspond to different output interfaces A2. The driving module 120 includes at least one power transistor, and the control module 110 is connected to the control electrode of the power transistor. The control module 110 is connected to at least one input interface A1, and the control module 110 is used to control the corresponding driving module 120 to be turned on or off according to the input signal of the input interface.

[0053] in, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a driving module provided by an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Figure 2 At least one driving module 120 includes a first group of transistors 1201 and a second group of transistors 1202 connected in series, and the control module 110 is further used to control the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 to be turned off when it is determined that at least one of the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 meets a fault condition based on first parameter information of the first group of transistors 1201 and second parameter information of the second group of transistors 1202.

[0054] Among them, the output interface A2 can be used to connect the load. The driving module 120 can transmit the power supply voltage to the corresponding output interface A2. The power supply voltage can be the total power supply voltage, such as the voltage provided by the vehicle's battery or engine. The power supply voltage can also be other voltages, and different voltages can be connected according to needs, which is not limited in this embodiment. By setting different output interfaces A2 corresponding to different driving modules 120, driving modules 120 with different powers can be selected for output according to the different loads connected to the output interface A2, thereby meeting different needs. The control module 110 may include a single-chip microcomputer, a digital signal processor (DSP) or a field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip, etc. It should be noted that, Figure 1 The multiple control modules 110 shown in the figure are the same control module 110. They are shown separately to indicate that different driving modules 120 are connected to different pins of the same control module 110. The input interfaces A1 connected to the control modules 110 corresponding to different driving modules 120 are different, that is, the control module 110 controls different driving modules 120 in response to different input signals.

[0055] Specifically, among the multiple input interfaces A1, some input interfaces A1 can be used to receive power supply voltage, and some input interfaces A1 can be used to receive input signals. Among the multiple driver modules 120, some driver modules 120 can be connected to input interfaces A1, and some driver modules 120 can be connected to power interface A0. Power interface A0 is used to connect to a main power source (e.g., a vehicle's battery and / or engine), thereby connecting the driver modules 120 to the main power source.

[0056] For example, different driver modules 120 may correspond to different input signals, and the control module 110 may control the corresponding driver module 120 to be turned on or off based on the input signal from the input interface. For example, the power distribution circuit may be used in a vehicle. The input signal corresponding to the driver module 120 corresponding to the vehicle's power supply may be the status signal of the vehicle's starting switch. The control module 110 may control the corresponding driver module 120 to be turned on or off based on the status signal of the vehicle's starting switch. The driver module 120 corresponding to the vehicle's power supply is the driver module 120 that supplies power to the vehicle's load (e.g., the vehicle's motor, etc.) using the power voltage provided by the vehicle's battery and / or engine. For example, the input signal corresponding to the driver module 120 connected to the vehicle's preheating coil may be the status signal of the vehicle's preheating switch. The control module 110 may control the corresponding driver module 120 to be turned on or off based on the status signal of the preheating switch. The input interface A1 and output interface A2 of the power distribution circuit can be connected based on actual user needs and are not limited in this embodiment.

[0057] Specifically, the driver module 120 includes at least one power transistor, which can be a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), or a gallium nitride transistor, etc., although this embodiment does not limit this. As such, the devices in the driver module 120 are arc-free and have no switch contacts, making them less susceptible to wear and tear. Furthermore, they are not susceptible to adhesion and burning of circuits and devices, thereby improving the reliability of the power distribution circuit.

[0058] At least one driver module 120 includes a first group of transistors 1201 and a second group of transistors 1202 connected in series. The first group of transistors 1201 includes at least one power transistor Q0, and the second group of transistors 1202 includes at least one power transistor Q0. For example, the driver module 120 corresponding to a short-term drive (e.g., the driver module 120 corresponding to the preheating coil) includes a first group of transistors 1201 and a second group of transistors 1202 connected in series. This allows the control module 110 to promptly detect a fault in at least one of the first and second groups of transistors 1201, 1202, and thereby control the first and second groups of transistors 1201, 1202 to shut down. Specifically, this controls the power transistors Q0 in the first and second groups of transistors 1201, 1202 to shut down. This allows the circuit to be promptly disconnected in the event of a breakdown in one of the transistor groups, protecting both the circuit and the device, thus achieving a dual-fault protection configuration. In this way, the problem of the load burning due to long-term work heat during short-term driving can be solved, so that when the device fails, it can be known and eliminated in time, which is beneficial to protecting electrical devices and improving the reliability of the power distribution circuit.

[0059] The technical solution of this embodiment, by configuring a power distribution circuit to include multiple driver modules, can provide voltage to multiple loads. Different driver modules can output different powers, allowing different load requirements to be connected to different output interfaces, and thus to different driver modules. Furthermore, the driver module includes at least one power transistor. This power transistor is arc-free and has no switch contacts, making it less susceptible to wear and failure. It also prevents adhesion and burns, thereby improving the reliability of the power distribution circuit. Furthermore, at least one driver module includes a first and second group of transistors connected in series. For example, the driver module corresponding to the short-term drive (e.g., the driver module corresponding to the preheating coil) includes a first and second group of transistors connected in series. This allows the control module to promptly detect a fault in at least one of the first and second groups of transistors and control them to shut down. This prevents load burns caused by prolonged heat generation during short-term drive. Component failures can be promptly detected and corrected, effectively protecting electrical components and improving the reliability of the power distribution circuit.

[0060] Based on the above technical solution, optionally, the first parameter information includes at least one of a first on-time, a first voltage drop value and a first temperature value, and the second parameter information includes at least one of a second on-time, a second voltage drop value and a second temperature value.

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another driving module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, refer to Figure 3The driving module 120 provided with the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 further includes at least one pre-driver chip 1203, the pre-driver chip 1203 is connected to the control module 110, and the pre-driver chip 1203 is respectively connected to the control electrode of the power transistor Q0 in the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202;

[0062] The control module 110 is configured to control the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 to be turned off when at least one of the first on-time duration of the first group of transistors 1201 and the second on-time duration of the second group of transistors 1202 is greater than a preset on-time duration;

[0063] And / or, the control module 110 is configured to obtain, through the pre-driver chip 1203, a first voltage drop value of the power transistor Q0 in the first group of transistors 1201 and a second voltage drop value of the power transistor Q0 in the second group of transistors 1202, and control the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 to be turned off when the difference between the first voltage drop value and the second voltage drop value is greater than a preset difference threshold;

[0064] And / or, the control module 110 is configured to obtain, through the pre-driver chip 1203, a first temperature value of the power transistor Q0 in the first transistor group 1201 and a second temperature value of the power transistor Q0 in the second transistor group 1202, and control the first transistor group 1201 and the second transistor group 1202 to be turned off when at least one of the first temperature value and the second temperature value is greater than a preset temperature threshold;

[0065] And / or, the control module 110 is also used to obtain the current value of the load corresponding to the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 through the pre-driver chip 1203, and when the current value of the load is greater than a preset overload threshold or a preset short-circuit threshold, control the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 to be turned off.

[0066] The driver module 120 includes the pre-driver chip 1203 and its peripheral circuits. The pre-driver chip 1203 receives low-power, low-voltage control signals from the control module 110, processes and amplifies the control signals, and drives the power transistors (the power transistors in the first transistor group 1201 and the second transistor group 1202) on and off.

[0067] Specifically, the control module 110 can time the on-time of the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202. When at least one of the first on-time of the first group of transistors 1201 and the second on-time of the second group of transistors 1202 is greater than the preset on-time, the control module 110 controls the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 to be turned off, thereby performing timeout protection to prevent the load 200 corresponding to the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 from working for a long time and heating up, thereby preventing the load 200 from burning.

[0068] The control module 110 can obtain the first voltage drop value of the power transistor Q0 in the first group of transistors 1201 and the second voltage drop value of the power transistor Q0 in the second group of transistors 1202 through the pre-driver chip 1203. When the difference between the first voltage drop value and the second voltage drop value is greater than a preset difference threshold, for example, when the difference between the first voltage drop value of the power transistor Q0 in one group of transistors 1201 and the second voltage drop value of the power transistor Q0 in the second group of transistors 1202 is greater than 50% of the first voltage drop value or the second voltage drop value, it is determined that the power transistor with the larger voltage drop value is abnormal, and the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202 are controlled to be turned off, so that when one group of transistors breaks down, the circuit can be disconnected in time to achieve the effect of protecting the circuit and the device, and realize a double insurance setting.

[0069] For example, the pre-driver chip 1203 is connected to a temperature sensor, such as a thermistor RT, and the first pin AD_Temp of the pre-driver chip 1203 is connected to the control module 110. The control module 110 can obtain the first temperature value of the power transistor Q0 in the first transistor group 1201 and the second temperature value of the power transistor Q0 in the second transistor group 1202 through the pre-driver chip 1203, and when at least one of the first temperature value and the second temperature value is greater than a preset temperature threshold, control the first transistor group 1201 and the second transistor group 1202 to be turned off to achieve over-temperature protection. For example, a thermistor RT is provided, and the first temperature value and the second temperature value are the same value. In some other embodiments, a first thermistor can be provided near the first transistor group 1201 to obtain the first temperature value of the power transistor Q0 in the first transistor group 1201, and a second thermistor can be provided near the second transistor group 1202 to obtain the second temperature value of the power transistor Q0 in the second transistor group 1202. This embodiment is not limited to this.

[0070] Pre-driver chip 1203 integrates a differential circuit. Control module 110 uses this differential circuit to read the current value of load 200 and determine whether it exceeds a preset overload threshold. If so, it controls the first and second transistor groups 1201, 1202 to turn off for overload protection. When the current value of load 200 exceeds a preset short-circuit threshold, it controls the first and second transistor groups 1201, 1202 to turn off for short-circuit protection.

[0071] In this way, the power distribution circuit has a complete dynamic monitoring function of temperature, current and voltage, and realizes overvoltage, overcurrent, timeout and overtemperature protection.

[0072] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 or Figure 3 The first transistor group 1201 includes two power transistors Q01 connected in parallel, and the second transistor group 1202 includes two power transistors Q02 connected in parallel. In this way, the output current of the first transistor group 1201 and the second transistor group 1202 can be increased, thereby improving the load capacity of the driving module 120.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, in the first transistor group 1201, the sources of the two power transistors Q01 are connected, the gates of the two power transistors Q01 are connected, and the drains of the two power transistors Q01 are connected. In the second transistor group 1202, the sources of the two power transistors Q02 are connected, the gates of the two power transistors Q02 are connected, and the drains of the two power transistors Q02 are connected.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, the second pin Power of the pre-driver chip 1203 is connected to the source of the power transistor Q01 in the first group of transistors 1201 and to the drain of the power transistor Q02 in the second group of transistors 1202, facilitating the series connection of the first group of transistors 1201 and the second group of transistors 1202. The third pin Preheat of the pre-driver chip 1203 is connected to the source of the power transistor Q02 in the second group of transistors 1202, and the fourth pin Pow_preheat of the pre-driver chip 1203 is connected to the drain of the power transistor Q01 in the first group of transistors 1201. The pre-driver chip 1203 is also connected to the gate of the power transistor Q01 in the first group of transistors 1201 and the gate of the power transistor Q02 in the second group of transistors 1202, respectively. In this way, drive control of the power transistors is achieved.

[0075] like Figure 3As shown, a first end of the thermistor RT is connected to a second power source VCC, and a second end of the thermistor RT is connected to a pre-driver chip 1203. This allows the pre-driver chip 1203 to obtain the voltage across the thermistor RT and, based on the relationship between the voltage across the thermistor RT and the temperature, determine the corresponding temperature. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the second power source VCC can be generated by a battery through a voltage conversion circuit.

[0076] On the basis of the above technical solutions, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another power distribution circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The plurality of drive modules 120 include at least one first drive module 121 and at least one second drive module 122. The power distribution circuit further includes a power interface A0, which is used to connect to the battery 300 and / or the engine 400.

[0077] The first end of the first driving module 121 is connected to the corresponding input interface A1, and the second end of the first driving module 121 is connected to the corresponding output interface A2;

[0078] A first end of the second driving module 122 is connected to the power interface A0, and a second end of the second driving module 122 is connected to the corresponding output interface A2;

[0079] The first driving module 121 includes a power transistor Q1 and an anti-reverse connection unit 1211;

[0080] The power transistor Q1 and the reverse connection protection unit 1211 are connected in series between the corresponding input interface A1 and output interface A2 ; the control end of the reverse connection protection unit 1211 is connected to the control module 110 .

[0081] Among them, for example, the power distribution circuit is used in a vehicle. The power interface A0 is used to connect to the main power supply, which can be the battery 300 and / or the engine 400. A starting switch of the vehicle can also be set between the power interface A0 and the battery 300 and the engine 400. After the starting switch is closed, the battery 300 and the engine 400 supply power to the second drive module 122 through the power interface A0. The first end of the first drive module 121 is connected to the corresponding input interface A1, that is, the input interface A1 and the output interface A2 corresponding to the first drive module 121 can be selected and configured according to user needs, that is, the input interface A1 corresponding to the first drive module 121 is connected to the corresponding device or power line when in use. The first end of the second drive module 122 is connected to the power interface A0, that is, the first end of the second drive module 122 is fixedly connected.

[0082] Specifically, by providing the first driver module 121 with an anti-reverse connection unit 1211, it is possible to prevent reverse connection when connecting the input interface A1 and the output interface A2 corresponding to the first driver module 121 to a load or power line in actual applications. If the input interface A1 and the output interface A2 corresponding to the first driver module 121 are connected to the load or power line in reverse, the circuit can be disconnected in time to prevent damage to the device.

[0083] The structure of the first driving module 121 is described below in conjunction with possible structures of the anti-reverse connection unit 1211 , but this is not intended to limit the present application.

[0084] In one embodiment, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a first driving module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, refer to Figure 5 , the anti-reverse connection unit 1211 includes a first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2, and the first driving module 121 also includes a first transistor Q11 and a second transistor Q12;

[0085] The first electrode of the power transistor Q1 is connected to the corresponding input interface A1, the second electrode of the power transistor Q1 is connected to the first electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2, and the second electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2 is connected to the corresponding output interface A2;

[0086] The control electrode of the first transistor Q11 is connected to the control module 110 , the first electrode of the first transistor Q11 is grounded, and the second electrode of the first transistor Q11 is connected to the control electrode of the power transistor Q1 ;

[0087] The control electrode of the second transistor Q12 is connected to the control module 110 , the first electrode of the second transistor Q12 is grounded, and the second electrode of the second transistor Q12 is connected to the control electrode of the first reverse connection protection transistor Q2 .

[0088] The first electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2 is a source electrode, and the second electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2 is a drain electrode. Alternatively, the first electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2 is a drain electrode, and the second electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2 is a source electrode, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0089] Specifically, after the control module 110 controls the first transistor Q11 to be turned on, the first transistor Q11 transmits the ground voltage to the control electrode of the power transistor Q1, causing the power transistor Q1 to be turned on. The power transistor Q1 outputs a voltage to the first electrode of the first anti-reverse polarity transistor Q2. Similarly, after the control module 110 controls the second transistor Q12 to be turned on, the second transistor Q12 transmits the ground voltage to the control electrode of the first anti-reverse polarity transistor Q2, facilitating the first anti-reverse polarity transistor Q2 to be turned on.

[0090] Since the second electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2 is connected to the control electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2, an anti-reverse connection diode is formed. When the input interface A1 and the output interface A2 are reversely connected, the voltage of the second electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2 is greater than the voltage of the first electrode of the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2, and the first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2 is not turned on, thereby achieving anti-reverse connection.

[0091] The third electrode of the power transistor Q1 is connected to the control module 110 to transmit feedback current to the control module 110 , so that the control module 110 monitors the current of the power transistor Q1 .

[0092] In another embodiment, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another first driving module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, refer to Figure 6 , the anti-reverse connection unit 1211 includes a second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3, and the first driving module 121 also includes a sampling resistor Rs, a differential amplifier U1, a third transistor Q13 and a first resistor R1;

[0093] The first electrode of the power transistor Q1 is connected to the corresponding input interface A1, the second electrode of the power transistor Q1 is connected to the first electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3, and the control electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 is connected to the control module 110;

[0094] The sampling resistor Rs is connected between the second electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 and the corresponding output interface A2;

[0095] A first input terminal of the differential amplifier U1 is connected to a first terminal of the sampling resistor Rs, and a second input terminal of the differential amplifier U1 is connected to a second terminal of the sampling resistor Rs. The differential amplifier U1 is used to obtain an actual voltage value corresponding to an actual current of the power transistor Q1;

[0096] A control electrode of the third transistor Q13 is connected to the output end of the differential amplifier U1, a first electrode of the third transistor Q13 is grounded, a second electrode of the third transistor Q13 is connected to the first power supply VDD via the first resistor R1, and the third transistor Q13 is configured to be turned off when the actual voltage value is greater than a preset value;

[0097] The control module 110 is connected to the second electrode of the third transistor Q13 . The control module 110 is configured to control the corresponding power transistor Q1 to turn off when the third transistor Q13 is turned off according to the voltage value of the second electrode of the third transistor Q13 .

[0098] For example, the first electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 is a source electrode, and the second electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 is a drain electrode. It should be noted that the first power supply VDD in this embodiment can be generated by a battery through a voltage conversion circuit.

[0099] It can be known that the first power supply terminal of the differential amplifier U1 can be connected to the corresponding power supply voltage, and the second power supply terminal of the differential amplifier U1 is grounded.

[0100] Specifically, for example, the input interface A1 corresponding to the first pole of the power transistor Q1 is connected to the first power supply terminal of the load, the second power supply terminal of the load can be connected to a battery, and the output interface A2 corresponding to the second pole of the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 is grounded. The control module 110 transmits voltage to the control electrodes of the power transistor Q1 and the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 to control the power transistor Q1 and the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 to be turned on. The power transistor Q1 and the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 form a back-to-back mode, and the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 acts as an anti-reverse connection diode. When the input interface A1 and the output interface A2 are not reversely connected, the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 is turned on. After the input interface A1 and the output interface A2 are reversely connected, the second anti-reverse connection transistor Q3 is not turned on, thereby achieving anti-reverse connection.

[0101] By configuring a sampling resistor Rs and a differential amplifier U1, the differential amplifier U1 can obtain the voltage value across the sampling resistor Rs, that is, the actual voltage value corresponding to the actual current of the power transistor Q1. When the actual voltage value output by the differential amplifier U1 is small (less than a preset value), the third transistor Q13 is turned on, the voltage at the second electrode of the third transistor Q13 is small, and the control module 110 obtains the small voltage. When the actual voltage value output by the differential amplifier U1 is large (greater than a preset value), the third transistor Q13 is turned off, the voltage at the second electrode of the third transistor Q13 is large, and the control module 110 obtains the large voltage. When the control module 110 obtains the large voltage from the second electrode of the third transistor Q13, it determines that the actual voltage value corresponding to the actual current value of the power transistor Q1 is large, that is, the actual current value of the power transistor Q1 is large, and controls the corresponding power transistor Q1 to be turned off, thereby achieving overcurrent protection and short-circuit protection.

[0102] Optionally, refer to Figure 6 The first driving module 121 further includes a composite transistor U2, which is connected between the control module 110 and the control electrode of the power transistor Q1. The composite transistor U2 amplifies the electrical signal output by the control module 110 to drive the power transistor Q1. A first power supply terminal of the composite transistor U2 is connected to the third power supply VSS, and a second power supply terminal of the composite transistor U2 is grounded.

[0103] Optionally, refer to Figure 6The first driver module 121 further includes a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3. The second resistor R2 is connected between the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 and the first terminal of the third resistor R3. The second terminal of the third resistor R3 is grounded. The control module 110 is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor R3. In this way, the control module 110 can obtain the actual voltage value output by the operational amplifier U1, thereby obtaining the actual current value of the power transistor Q1, thereby monitoring the current of the power transistor Q1.

[0104] Optionally, refer to Figure 5 The first anti-reverse connection transistor Q2 includes a P-type transistor. The P-type transistor has a small voltage drop, which can reduce voltage drop loss and facilitate improving the driving power of the driving module 120.

[0105] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 , the power distribution circuit further includes at least one insurance module 130;

[0106] The control end of the insurance module 130 is connected to the control module 110, and the insurance module 130 is connected between the power interface A0 and the corresponding output interface A2;

[0107] The control module 110 is configured to control the fuse module 130 to be turned off when the current of the load connected to the fuse module 130 exceeds a preset current threshold.

[0108] Specifically, the output interface A2 corresponding to the fuse module 130 can be connected to a load, which can be an electrical device. By providing the fuse module 130, when the current of the load connected to the fuse module 130 exceeds a preset current threshold, the control module 110 controls the fuse module 130 to shut down, thereby implementing overcurrent protection and preventing the electrical device from burning.

[0109] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 , the insurance module 130 includes a protection transistor Q4;

[0110] The control electrode of the protection transistor Q4 is connected to the control module 110 , and the protection transistor Q4 is connected between the power interface A0 and the corresponding output interface A2 .

[0111] In this way, when the current of the load is large, the power supply to the load can be stopped to achieve overcurrent protection and avoid burning of electrical components.

[0112] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 The power distribution circuit further includes a communication module 140 , the control module 110 is connected to the communication module 140 , and the communication module 140 is connected to the first communication interface B1 and the second communication interface B2 .

[0113] Specifically, the communication module 140 may utilize a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. It can send and receive differential signals via a first communication interface B1 and a second communication interface B2. The control module 110 can communicate with other devices, such as the vehicle's electronic controller or central controller, through the communication module 140. In the event of a fault in the drive module 120, a fault message can be transmitted via the communication module 140.

[0114] Based on the above technical solutions, the driver module 120 can be connected to a load via the output interface A2. The following describes possible load types, but does not limit the present application. In actual application, the corresponding load can be connected as needed.

[0115] For example, the load may be a preheating coil, such as Figure 4 As shown, the driver module 120 connected to the preheating coil includes a first power transistor K15. The control electrode of the first power transistor K15 is connected to the control module 110. The first electrode of the first power transistor K15 is connected to the power interface A0 via a fuse. The second electrode of the first power transistor K15 is connected to the preheating coil via the output interface A2. The second electrode of the first power transistor K15 can also be connected to the control module 110 for preheating feedback. The input interface A1 connected to the control module 110 corresponding to the first power transistor K15 can include a low-side control signal input interface and two high-side control signal input interfaces. Among them, the output interface A2 connected to the preheating coil can be a terminal for easy connection. The low-side control signal input interface receives the low-side control signal, which is a low-level drive. The high-side control signal input interface receives the high-side control signal, which is a high-level drive.

[0116] The first power transistor K15 may include a first group of transistors and a second group of transistors. When one group of transistors is broken down, the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors may be turned off in time to prevent the preheating coil from overheating and burning the vehicle.

[0117] For example, the load may be the entire vehicle load (ie, all loads in the vehicle that require electricity), that is, the drive module 120 supplies power to the entire vehicle. Figure 4 As shown, the driving module 120 connected to the vehicle load includes a second power transistor K25, the control electrode of the second power transistor K25 is connected to the control module 110, the first electrode of the second power transistor K25 is connected to the power interface A0 through a fuse, and the second electrode of the second power transistor K25 is connected to the output interface A2.

[0118] For example, the load may be a first alarm shutdown state indicator. Figure 4As shown, the driving module 120 connected to the first alarm shutdown status indicating device includes a third power transistor KT1, the control electrode of the third power transistor KT1 is connected to the control module 110, the first electrode of the third power transistor KT1 is connected to the power interface A0 through a fuse, and the second electrode of the third power transistor KT1 is connected to the output interface A2.

[0119] For example, the load may be a second alarm shutdown state indicator. Figure 4 As shown, the driving module 120 connected to the second alarm shutdown status indicating device includes a fourth power transistor K19, the control electrode of the fourth power transistor K19 is connected to the control module 110, the first electrode of the fourth power transistor K19 is connected to the power interface A0 through a fuse, and the second electrode of the fourth power transistor K19 is connected to at least one output interface A2, so that at least one second alarm shutdown status indicating device can be connected to power the second alarm shutdown status indicating device.

[0120] For example, the load may be a third alarm shutdown state indicator. Figure 4 As shown, the driving module 120 connected to the third alarm shutdown status indicating device includes a fifth power transistor K20 and an anti-reverse connection unit 1211. The control electrode of the fifth power transistor K20 is connected to the control module 110, the first electrode of the fifth power transistor K20 is connected to the input interface A1, and the second electrode of the fifth power transistor K20 is connected to the output interface A2 through the anti-reverse connection unit 1211.

[0121] For example, the load may be a fan. Figure 4 As shown, the driving module 120 connected to the fan includes a sixth power transistor K9, a control electrode of the sixth power transistor K9 is connected to the control module 110, a first electrode of the sixth power transistor K9 is connected to the power interface A0, and a second electrode of the sixth power transistor K9 is connected to the output interface A2.

[0122] For example, the load may be an electronic controller of a vehicle. Figure 4 As shown, the drive module 120 connected to the electronic controller includes a seventh power transistor K5. The control electrode of the seventh power transistor K5 is connected to the control module 110. The first electrode of the seventh power transistor K5 is connected to the power interface A0, and the second electrode of the seventh power transistor K5 is connected to at least one output interface A2, thereby providing power to the electronic controller when the seventh power transistor K5 is turned on. The input interface A1 of the control module 110 corresponding to the seventh power transistor K5 can include a low-side control signal input interface and a high-side control signal input interface.

[0123] For example, the load may be an engine of a vehicle, such as Figure 4As shown, the drive module 120 that provides low-speed power to the engine includes an eighth power transistor K6. The control electrode of the eighth power transistor K6 is connected to the control module 110. The first electrode of the eighth power transistor K6 is connected to the input interface A1, and the second electrode of the eighth power transistor K6 is connected to the output interface A2 via the reverse connection protection unit 1211. The drive module 120 that provides high-speed power to the engine includes a ninth power transistor K7. The control electrode of the ninth power transistor K7 is connected to the control module 110. The first electrode of the ninth power transistor K7 is connected to the input interface A1, and the second electrode of the ninth power transistor K7 is connected to the output interface A2 via the reverse connection protection unit 1211. When the low-speed switch of the engine is turned on, the eighth power transistor K6 is turned on, providing a slightly lower power supply voltage to the engine, allowing the engine to operate at low speed. When the high-speed switch of the transmitter is turned on, the ninth power transistor K7 is turned on, providing a higher power supply voltage to the engine, allowing the engine to operate at high speed.

[0124] Exemplarily, the power distribution circuit may further include a spare driver module 120, such as Figure 4 As shown, the standby driver module 120 includes a tenth power transistor K16. The control electrode of the tenth power transistor K16 is connected to the control module 110. The first electrode of the tenth power transistor K16 is connected to the power interface A0, and the second electrode of the tenth power transistor K16 is connected to the output interface A2. The input interface A1 of the control module 110 corresponding to the tenth power transistor K16 can include a low-side control signal input interface and two high-side control signal input interfaces.

[0125] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the driver module 120 can be a start switch. The driver module 120 includes an eleventh power transistor K2. The control electrode of the eleventh power transistor K2 is connected to the control module 110. The first electrode of the eleventh power transistor K2 is connected to the power interface A0, and the second electrode of the eleventh power transistor K2 is connected to the output interface A2. The input interface A1 of the control module 110 corresponding to the eleventh power transistor K2 can include a low-side control signal input interface and two high-side control signal input interfaces.

[0126] For example, Figure 4As shown, the drive module 120 can be a neutral gear anti-repetition switch, that is, when the vehicle starts from neutral, it controls the vehicle's starter motor to operate at the moment of starting, and does not allow it to operate after detecting that the entire vehicle has started, thereby avoiding repeated control. That is, the load is the vehicle's starter motor. At the moment the vehicle starts from neutral, the drive module 120 supplies power to the vehicle's starter motor and stops supplying power after the entire vehicle has started. The drive module 120 includes a twelfth power transistor K10. The control electrode of the twelfth power transistor K10 is connected to the control module 110. The first electrode of the twelfth power transistor K10 is connected to the input interface A1, and the second electrode of the twelfth power transistor K10 is connected to the output interface A2 via the anti-reverse connection unit 1211. The input interface A1 of the control module 110 corresponding to the twelfth power transistor K10 can include a low-side control signal input interface and two high-side control signal input interfaces.

[0127] Optionally, a power switch may be provided between the power interface A0 and the battery 300. The power interface A0 may be connected to the power supply voltage only after the power switch is turned on. The power interface A0 may be a terminal for easy connection.

[0128] Optionally, the power distribution circuit may further include a grounding terminal 310 to facilitate grounding.

[0129] Optionally, at least one output interface A2 of the power distribution circuit may be a floating interface NC, which may be connected as required.

[0130] Optionally, the power distribution circuit further includes at least one fault indicator light. For example, each drive module 120 corresponds to a fault indicator light. When the drive module 120 fails, the control module 110 controls the corresponding fault indicator light to illuminate, thereby providing a prompt and facilitating timely processing.

[0131] It should be noted that Figure 4 The multiple control modules 110 shown in the figure are the same control module 110. They are shown separately to indicate that different driving modules 120 are connected to different pins of the same control module 110. The input interfaces A1 connected to the control modules 110 corresponding to different driving modules 120 are different, that is, the control module 110 controls different driving modules 120 in response to different input signals. Figure 4 The power transistor in the figure is for illustration only and does not limit the structure of the power transistor.

[0132] It should be noted that the power transistor in the driving module 120 may be an N-type transistor or a P-type transistor, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0133] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a power distribution box, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the power distribution box 100 includes the power distribution circuit provided by any embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the power distribution box 100 has the same beneficial effects as the power distribution circuit provided by any embodiment of the present invention, which will not be described in detail here.

[0134] For example, Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of terminals 101 may be provided on the box body of the power distribution box 100 , one of which is a ground terminal 310 , and one of which serves as an input interface A1 of the power distribution circuit.

[0135] The plurality of binding posts may include binding posts connected to the output interface A2 of the power distribution circuit, or a portion of the binding posts 101 may serve as the output interface A2 of the power distribution circuit, thereby facilitating connection to a load. In some embodiments, a portion of the binding posts 101 may serve as the input interface A1 of the power distribution circuit, facilitating flexible connection to the input power source.

[0136] The fault indicator light 102 in the power distribution circuit is located on the box body of the power distribution box. For example, each drive module 120 corresponds to a fault indicator light 102. When the drive module 120 fails, the control module 110 controls the corresponding fault indicator light 102 to light up, thereby providing a prompt for timely processing.

[0137] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, which includes the power distribution box provided by any embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the vehicle has the same beneficial effects as the power distribution box provided by any embodiment of the present invention, which will not be described in detail here.

[0138] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power distribution circuit, characterized in that: include: A control module, multiple drive modules, multiple input interfaces, and multiple output interfaces; The driving module is connected to at least one of the output interfaces, and different driving modules correspond to different output interfaces; The driving module includes at least one power transistor, the control module is connected to the control electrode of the power transistor, the control module is connected to at least one of the input interfaces, and the control module is used to control the corresponding driving module to be turned on or off according to the input signal of the input interface; Wherein, at least one of the driving modules includes a first group of transistors and a second group of transistors connected in series, and the control module is further configured to control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off when determining, based on first parameter information of the first group of transistors and second parameter information of the second group of transistors, that at least one of the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors meets a fault condition; The plurality of driving modules include at least one first driving module, wherein a first end of the first driving module is connected to a corresponding input interface, and a second end of the first driving module is connected to a corresponding output interface; The first driving module includes a power transistor and an anti-reverse connection unit; The anti-reverse connection unit includes a second anti-reverse connection transistor, and the first driving module also includes a sampling resistor, a differential amplifier, a third transistor and a first resistor; The first electrode of the power transistor is connected to the corresponding input interface, the second electrode of the power transistor is connected to the first electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor, and the control electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor is connected to the control module; The sampling resistor is connected between the second electrode of the second anti-reverse connection transistor and the corresponding output interface; The first input terminal of the differential amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the sampling resistor, and the second input terminal of the differential amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the sampling resistor. The differential amplifier is used to obtain an actual voltage value corresponding to the actual current of the power transistor; The control electrode of the third transistor is connected to the output end of the differential amplifier, the first electrode of the third transistor is grounded, the second electrode of the third transistor is connected to the first power supply via the first resistor, and the third transistor is configured to be turned off when the actual voltage value is greater than a preset value; The control module is connected to the second electrode of the third triode, and is used to control the corresponding power transistor to turn off when determining that the third triode is turned off according to the voltage value of the second electrode of the third triode.

2. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The first parameter information includes at least one of a first on-time, a first voltage drop value, and a first temperature value; the second parameter information includes at least one of a second on-time, a second voltage drop value, and a second temperature value; The driving module provided with the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors further includes at least one pre-driver chip, the pre-driver chip is connected to the control module, and the pre-driver chip is respectively connected to the control electrodes of the power transistors in the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors; The control module is configured to control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off when at least one of a first on-time duration of the first group of transistors and a second on-time duration of the second group of transistors is greater than a preset on-time duration; And / or, the control module is configured to obtain, through the pre-driver chip, a first voltage drop value of the power transistors in the first group of transistors and a second voltage drop value of the power transistors in the second group of transistors, and control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off when the difference between the first voltage drop value and the second voltage drop value is greater than a preset difference threshold; And / or, the control module is configured to obtain, through the pre-driver chip, a first temperature value of the power transistors in the first group of transistors and a second temperature value of the power transistors in the second group of transistors, and control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off when at least one of the first temperature value and the second temperature value is greater than a preset temperature threshold; And / or, the control module is used to obtain the current value of the load corresponding to the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors through the pre-driver chip, and when the current value of the load is greater than a preset overload threshold or a preset short-circuit threshold, control the first group of transistors and the second group of transistors to be turned off.

3. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The first group of transistors includes two power transistors connected in parallel, and the second group of transistors includes two power transistors connected in parallel.

4. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of drive modules further include at least one second drive module, and the power distribution circuit further includes a power interface, and the power interface is used to connect to a battery and / or an engine; A first end of the second driving module is connected to the power interface, and a second end of the second driving module is connected to the corresponding output interface.

5. The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The power distribution circuit further includes at least one insurance module; The control end of the insurance module is connected to the control module, and the insurance module is connected between the power interface and the corresponding output interface; The control module is used to control the fuse module to shut down when the current of the load connected to the fuse module exceeds a preset current threshold.

6. The power distribution circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insurance module includes a protection transistor; The control electrode of the protection transistor is connected to the control module, and the protection transistor is connected between the power interface and the corresponding output interface.

7. A power distribution box, characterized in that: The invention comprises the power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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